JP2006027095A - Continuous or semi-continuous method for making bamboo material to flat plate and its apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a continuous or semi-continuous method for making a bamboo material to a flat plate which is excellent in productivity and can give an inexpensive product, and its apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: In making a bamboo segment 1 with a cylindrical surface of a circular cross-section to a flat plate by a roll working after heating, the above bamboo segment 1 which was uniformly heated for an easy shape working is passed between the first bilaterally-symmetric rolls 11, 11 which revolve around spindles mutually parallel respectively to be constrained at its both side edges, on the other hand the bamboo segment 1 is passed between the above first couple of rolls 11, 11 and the second another roll 12 which revolves around a spindle parallel to a normal common to two spindles of the first couple of rolls 11, 11, wherein the bamboo segment1 is supported at the inside or the reentrant side by the extensions of circular flanges 11a, 11a provided at the above first rolls 11, 11 in a coaxial one piece, is pressed at the external surface side by the second roll 12, and is made into a plane plate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is a bamboo material that is excellent in productivity and can be easily obtained at a low cost when flattening bamboo as a building material or furniture material that rapidly grows and absorbs carbon dioxide, which causes global warming. The present invention relates to a flattening method and an apparatus thereof.

  The problem of global warming due to carbon dioxide emitted from the use of fossil fuels such as oil is increasing. In contrast, plants grow while absorbing carbon dioxide through their photochemical reactions, contributing to the reduction of carbon dioxide on the planet. Therefore, it is extremely desirable from the viewpoint of environmental conservation and effective utilization of resources to effectively utilize the biomass obtained therefrom while conserving forest resources while absorbing carbon dioxide and suppressing its increase. Effective use of biomass also helps promote the surrounding area and improve convenience.

Among biomass, bamboo belongs to the rice plant, and its fertility is thriving compared to ordinary trees. It grows in 4-5 years and grows more than twice in 10 years. In recent years, the demand for it has decreased. Therefore, there is a problem that the bamboo forest area left untreated is increasing, and even other forests and fields are eroded. Therefore, in addition to the above effects, the planned use of logging can help to secure, activate, and control depopulation in the region over a long period of time.

As one of the uses of bamboo material, one that has been flattened and used as it is as a construction material or furniture material without being assembled has been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

Among them, Patent Document 1 describes pretreatment processing of vertically divided bamboo material and flat plate production from the vertically divided bamboo material. Furthermore, for the latter flat plate manufacturing, a plurality of rolling feeds arranged in the longitudinal direction below the tunnel-shaped heating development table ^{* 1 in} which the vertically divided bamboo material is long in one direction and the shape of the lower surface changes in the longitudinal direction sequentially. The roll ^{* 2} is fed and uniformly heated by a high-frequency electrode built in the heating and unfolding table, and the both ends in the width direction of the vertically divided bamboo material are sandwiched by a pair of left and right unfolding guides, and the inner surface side of the rolling feed roll It is described that it is developed (flattened) by sequentially pressurizing, and simultaneously with the progress of the development, the sandwiching interval of the development guide is sequentially enlarged.
1: The cross-section of the cross-section has a small radius of curvature at the entrance and an upwardly convex arc shape along with the built-in high-frequency electrode, but the radius of curvature of the arc gradually increases toward the downstream and becomes planar at the exit. Yes.
2: Although the shape is spherical on the inlet side, it passes through an elliptically rotating body whose radius of curvature is gradually increased toward the downstream side, and finally has a cylindrical shape.

On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, with one groove formed in the longitudinal direction facing upward, the horizontal bamboo is heated from inside and outside with heating equipment using high frequency or electromagnetic waves or steam, It is described that a plurality of pairs of inner and outer rotary press rollers are continuously pressed from inside and outside to form a plate.

The inner and outer rotary press rollers will be described. At the upstream inlet, a plane passing through the center of the bamboo and the groove is a plane of symmetry, and a pair of left and right abutting on both sides of the bamboo groove and the outer surface of the bamboo symmetrically with the plane of symmetry. And a correspondingly-conical frustoconical roller that abuts against the inner surface of the bamboo. Hereinafter, the abutting position of the outer rotating roller on the outer surface sequentially moves toward both sides toward the downstream side, and the corresponding inner side rotating roller changes to a cylindrical shape. Further, when the abutment position is close to the opposite side of the groove on the downstream side, the two inner surface side rotating rollers (cylindrical shape) are integrated, and the corners on both sides of the roller are notched, Only the left and right sides of the cut-out part touch the inner surface of the bamboo, symmetrical position, but it also touches the whole surface, and after the outer roller becomes one, finally flattened It becomes a pair of inner and outer cylindrical rolls having a length substantially equal to the width of the bamboo.

Furthermore, in patent document 3 by the same applicant, after heating a horizontal bamboo placed from above and below (inside and outside) with a heating device using high frequency or steam, with one groove formed in the longitudinal direction facing upward In addition, it is described that a plurality of pairs of support rollers ^{* 1} and pressure rollers ^{* 2} form a plate by continuously pressing from above and below (inside and outside).
1: The surface shape is a substantially spherical shape having a small curvature radius at the entrance, both sides cut, and convex upward, but the curvature radius gradually increases toward the downstream (both sides are cut). After passing through the shape of an elliptical rotating body, it is cylindrical at the exit.
2: The shape is a drum shape in which the radius of curvature is small at the entrance and the radius of curvature gradually increases toward the downstream, but is cylindrical at the exit.

  The above conventional example is a heating development table whose shape changes in the longitudinal direction and a plurality of rolling feed rolls having different shapes in the longitudinal direction, or a plurality of pairs of inner and outer rotations whose shape and number sequentially change in the longitudinal direction. A press roller or a plurality of pressure rolls having different shapes in the longitudinal direction and a supporting roller whose shape changes in the longitudinal direction corresponding thereto are provided. However, in both cases, the mechanism is extremely complicated, and the first one restrains both side edges in the width direction with a deployment guide for suppressing the elongation of the inner surface. In addition, the second and third ones have the problem that the crack suppression function to the inner surface is weak, and all three parties have difficulty in high-speed processing, and the equipment burden is high and the productivity is low. . Furthermore, in order to process a wide range of bamboo materials with different diameters on the base side and tip side, as well as those with different average diameters, it is inevitable that the apparatus will be further complicated. There is a problem to say.

  In addition, Patent Document 2 mentions drying for fixing a bamboo flat plate, but it is only possible with hot air, and uniform heating with it is difficult, and deformation due to uneven heating seems to be avoided. Absent.

Japanese Patent No. 2098043 ((Claim 1), (Claim 3) and (Claim 4), FIG. 1, FIG. 3 to FIG. 5) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2741328 ((Claim 1), (Claim 4) and (Claim 6), (Example) (0039), FIGS. 6 to 12) JP-A-8-336810 ((Claims) (excluding (Claim 4) and (Claim 7) and below), FIGS. 8 to 13)

  In view of the above, the present invention is to provide a method for continuous or semi-continuous flattening of bamboo material and an apparatus thereof that can easily obtain an inexpensive product that is excellent in productivity, excluding conventional drawbacks.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for flattening a bamboo material according to the invention of claim 1 is a columnar surface having an arcuate section formed by vertically dividing a bamboo into a plurality of pieces. A pair of left and right first plates, each of which is heated and flattened by roll processing, and is rotated around axes parallel to each other. By passing between the rolls, the bamboo split piece is coaxially projected from the pair of first rolls while restraining the left and right side edges so that the elongation on the inner surface side thereof is suppressed. By passing between a circular flange and another second roll, rotating about an axis parallel to a common line to the axis of the pair of first rolls, from the inner and outer surfaces thereof And compress in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Flatten.

In addition to the structure of the invention of claim 1, the invention of claim 2 is in accordance with the width diameter or / and thickness of bamboo divided pieces whose width diameter or / and thickness changes in the longitudinal direction. Thus, the distance between the first rolls in the left-right direction and / or the distance between the flange of the first roll and the second roll is changed.

In addition to the structure of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the invention of claim 3 irradiates the flattened bamboo divided pieces with microwaves, uniformly heats them, and degasses them to reduce residual moisture. Fix the shape of the plate as it is by removing it rapidly

The invention according to claim 4 is a continuous bamboo material in which a bamboo divided piece formed by dividing a bamboo vertically into a plurality of parts and having a columnar surface with an arc-shaped cross section is flattened by roll processing. Or a semi-continuous flattening device that rotates about a pair of left and right first rolls that rotate about axes parallel to each other, and an axis that is parallel to a common perpendicular to the axes of the pair of first rolls The bamboo divided piece that is provided with another second roll and is uniformly heated easily is passed between the pair of left and right first rolls, thereby suppressing the elongation on the inner surface side thereof. The left and right side edges are constrained, and on the other hand, the bamboo split piece is passed between the second roll and a circular flange projecting coaxially with the pair of first rolls. Depending on the width and width of the Compressed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, to flatten

In addition to the configuration of the invention of claim 4, the invention of claim 5 is in accordance with the width diameter or / and thickness of bamboo divided pieces whose width diameter and / or thickness changes in the longitudinal direction. Thus, the distance between the first rolls in the left-right direction and / or the distance between the flange of the first roll and the second roll can be changed.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the fourth or fifth aspect of the present invention, the cross section is along the inner and outer surfaces of the bamboo segment so that the inner and outer surfaces of the bamboo segment are uniformly irradiated with microwaves. And a heating device having a perforated metal plate that is bent.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constitution of the invention according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, in order to remove moisture from the flattened bamboo divided pieces and fix the shape of the flat plate for a while, It is equipped with a drying device that heats under reduced pressure.

According to the invention of claim 1, the bamboo split piece is constrained on both side edges by the flanged first roll, without causing cracks due to the elongation of the inner surface, and the combination of the first roll and the second roll It is easily flattened only by roll processing by only a single stage. Therefore, the operation is remarkably simple and the operation control is remarkably easy as compared with any of the above-described conventional examples which are formed by a plurality of stages of roll processing. In addition, when the both side edges are restrained by the first roll, the friction between them and the bamboo split piece is rolling friction, and its resistance is remarkably low. It is possible to easily increase the traveling speed without hindrance, and the productivity is remarkably excellent.

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, according to the width diameter or / and thickness of the bamboo split piece, the distance between the first rolls in the left-right direction or / and the first thereof. It is possible to easily flatten the plate by simply changing the interval between the flange of one roll and the second roll. For example, when processing from the tip having a small width or / and thickness to the base side If the gap between the rolls is gradually increased with a slight time difference in accordance with the increase in the width diameter or / and the thickness, the long bamboo divided pieces are relatively short in width and / or thickness. It is not necessary to cut into a thing, and a long thing can be flattened at once, and productivity improves remarkably.

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the bamboo divided pieces flattened by roll processing are rapidly and uniformly heated, and residual moisture is rapidly removed by degassing decompression. Since it is removed and the shape of the flat plate is fixed, a flat plate of good quality bamboo material can be obtained as compared with, for example, the one according to Patent Document 2, which is bent flat, has uneven heating, and may be deformed.

According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the mechanism of the apparatus is remarkably simple and the number of parts is very small compared to any conventional example. Maintenance costs are significantly reduced.

According to invention of Claim 5, the effect similar to the effect of Claim 2 is exhibited.

According to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 4 or 5, the bamboo divided pieces can be easily and uniformly heated, and the speeding up of the roll processing is promoted.

According to the invention of claim 7, in addition to the effect of any of the inventions of claims 4 to 6, the same effect as the effect of the invention of claim 3 is exhibited, the structure is simple, and the degree of space occupancy is small. Inexpensive.

Of the bamboo or continuous continuous flattening method and apparatus therefor according to the present invention, the best mode of the forming method and apparatus will be described first with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. As shown in FIG. A forming apparatus for forming and flattening a bamboo divided piece 1 having an arc-shaped cross section, which is configured as follows. That is, the first roll 11 having a pair of left and right same shapes and the same size, each rotating around the vertical axis 11x, sandwiching the bamboo split piece 1 from both left and right sides, and feeding forward while restraining both side edges. 11 and the horizontal axis 12x, and the first rolls 11 and 11, as will be described later, together with flanges 11a and 11a projecting coaxially from each other, the bamboo divided material 1 is seen from both the inner and outer surfaces. A cylindrical second roll 12 is provided that is fed forward while being compressed. Each roll 11 and 12 is provided with a drive device (not shown). The direction of each axis 11x, 12x of the first roll 11, 11, and the second roll 12 is the most natural and preferable, but conversely, the axis 11x is horizontal and the axis 12x is vertical. There is no problem, and it is not limited to the above.

  The first roll 11 will be described in detail. The shape of the first roll 11 is such that a circular flange 11a integrally formed on the lower bottom side of the truncated cone 11b is projected, and a bamboo split piece is formed between the truncated cones 11b and 11b. 1 is sandwiched, and when it is compressed from both the inner and outer surfaces, the inner surface 1b side thereof is restrained from extending in the left-right direction, and the left and right edges are constrained so as not to cause internal cracks. It is configured to support it from below on the upper surfaces of both flanges 11a, 11a.

Here, the positional relationship between the first rolls 11 and 11 and the second roll 12 in the traveling direction of the bamboo split piece 1 will be described. In FIG. 2, the vertical axis 11x of the first roll 11 (of the first rolls 11 and 11). The position where the interval is the narrowest) is slightly upstream of the horizontal axis 12x of the second roll 12 (the position where the second roll 12 is closest to the first roll 11) in the traveling direction of the bamboo split piece 1, Among the sections in which the bamboo divided piece 1 is compressed in the vertical direction, the left and right side edges of the bamboo divided piece 1 are moved by the second rolls 11 and 11 until the bamboo divided piece 1 is substantially flattened. This relationship is preferable in that the inner surface side is reliably restrained from extending, but this relationship slightly differs depending on the diameter of the truncated cone 11b of the first roll 11 and the second roll 12.

  The operation of the molding apparatus 10 will be described. Each cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bamboo split piece 1 that is fed horizontally first reaches both flanges 11a, 11a of the pair of first rolls 11, 11 and is supported from below. Next, each of the cross sections enters between the two truncated cones 11b and 11b. Accordingly, each of the cross sections is sandwiched between the two truncated cones 11b and 11b, and comes into contact with the second roll 12 at the same time or substantially simultaneously with the left and right side edges being constrained (FIG. 1 (a)). When each cross section travels further forward, vertical compression by the flanges 11a, 11a of the first rolls 11, 11 and the second roll 12 is started, and flattening proceeds (FIG. 1 (b)).

And until the position where the space | interval of both the above-mentioned truncated cones 11b and 11b becomes the narrowest, while the degree of restraint of a right-and-left both-sides edge becomes strong gradually (FIG.1 (c)), flange 11a, The vertical compression degree gradually increases until the position where the second roll 12 is closest to 11a, and the flattening of the bamboo divided piece 1 reaches the final stage at that position. In the final stage of flattening the bamboo segment 1, the vertical compression degree reaches the maximum, but at that position, the bamboo segment 1 no longer cracks due to the elongation of the inner surface. The space | interval of 11 and 11 may also be expanded, and the restriction | limiting of the left-right both-sides edge may be lifted (FIG.1 (d)).

  As described above, by performing the roll processing only with the combination of the single-stage first rolls 11 and 11 and the second roll 12, the bamboo divided piece 1 can be easily flattened without causing cracks due to the elongation of the inner surface. Therefore, compared with any conventional example, the apparatus is remarkably simple and the equipment cost is remarkably reduced. Moreover, both side edges are constrained by the two truncated cones 11b and 11b of the first rolls 11 and 11, but the friction between the bamboo divided pieces 1 at that time is rolling friction, and therefore the state of restraining both side edges. It is possible to easily increase the traveling speed without any trouble while holding the motor securely. Therefore, the speed can be remarkably increased compared to any conventional example, and the productivity is remarkably increased.

  The molding apparatus 10 is further configured as follows. That is, the truncated cone 11b of the first rolls 11 and 11 can be adapted to the bamboo divided piece 1 whose width diameter or / and thickness changes in the longitudinal direction according to the width diameter d or / and thickness t. , 11b in the left-right direction (the distance between the vertical axes 11x, 11x) or / and the distance between the upper surface of the flanges 11a, 11a of the first rolls 11, 11 and the lower end of the second roll 12 (the height of the horizontal axis 11b). Can be easily changed (not shown). For example, when processing from the tip having a small width and / or thickness toward the root side, as shown in FIG. Or, according to the increase in the wall thickness, the interval between the rolls is gradually increased with a slight time difference.

The apparatus disposed upstream of the forming apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 2. Reference numerals 20 and 20 denote a pair of feed rolls that are fed in a horizontal direction with the bamboo split material 1 sandwiched from above and below, and 30 a bamboo that has been sent. A heating device that uniformly heats the divided piece 1 from above and below, 40 is a control unit that controls the entire apparatus including the forming device 10, and 41 is a measuring device for the bamboo divided piece 1 that has passed through the heating device 30, and is particularly described above. As described above, when the width diameter and / or thickness of the bamboo divided piece 1 changes, the width diameter, thickness, and the like necessary for the control of the forming apparatus 10 are measured in advance.

Further, the heating device 30 will be described in detail with reference to the longitudinal sectional view (a) and the transverse sectional view (b) perpendicular to FIG. 4. The magnetron 31 that emits microwaves, the microwaves emitted from the magnetron 31, Waveguides 32 and 32 that can be irradiated from both the upper and lower sides of the bamboo dividing material 1 that passes through the heating zone 33, and the microwaves are uniformly dispersed and irradiated to the bamboo dividing material 1, and are uniformly made of porous metal. A dispersion plate 34 is provided. In addition, the uniform dispersion plate 34 needs to secure a sufficient width with respect to the peripheral portion in order to prevent leakage of the microwave to the outside, and as shown in FIG. The uniform dispersion plate 34 is preferably curved along the inner and outer surfaces of the bamboo divided piece 1 for uniform heating of the divided material 1.

  In addition, FIG. 5 shows a drying device 50 for fixing the shape by removing moisture remaining on the flattened bamboo, and its configuration will be described in detail. 51 is a horizontal insertion of the flattened bamboo The casing is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped box shape so that it can be stacked in the vertical direction, 52 is formed on the upper side, the insertion port with a lid, 53 is formed on the opposite side and the lower side, A discharge port with a lid, 54 is a pusher for pushing undried bamboo from behind and inserting it into the insertion port 52, 55 is a pusher for pushing dry bamboo from behind and discharging it from the discharge port 53, 56 Is a microwave waveguide that communicates with a magnetron (not shown), and 57 is a gas vent pipe that communicates with a vacuum pump (not shown) and extracts the generated water vapor and the like. As the operation, if the operation schedule of each part is shown, it is as shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a transition cross-sectional view showing changes in the cross-sectional shape of the roll cross-sectional shape and the flattening of the bamboo material as an example of the best mode of the continuous or semi-continuous flattening method and apparatus for bamboo according to the present invention. It is an apparatus block diagram which shows the outline of the continuous or semi-continuous flattening apparatus of the bamboo material concerning this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the change and change of a roll space | interval when this invention is applied to the bamboo division | segmentation piece from which the width diameter or / and thickness change in a longitudinal direction. It is sectional drawing of the heating apparatus shown in FIG. 2, Comprising: (a) shows a longitudinal direction cross section, respectively, (b) shows a cross section perpendicular | vertical to it. It is sectional drawing of a drying apparatus. It is a graph which shows the operation schedule of each part of the drying apparatus shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bamboo division piece 11 1st roll 11a Flange 11b Frustum 11x Vertical axis | shaft 12 2nd roll 12x Horizontal axis 20 Feed roll 30 Heating device 31 Magnetron 32 Waveguide 33 Heating area 34 Uniform dispersion plate 40 Control part 41 Measuring device 50 Drying Device 51 Casing 52 Insertion port 53 Discharge port 54 Pusher 55 Pusher 56 Waveguide 57 Degassing tube

Claims (7)

A method for continuous or semi-continuous flattening of bamboo, in which bamboo is divided into a plurality of vertical sections, and a bamboo segment having a circular cross section with a single cross section is heated and then flattened by roll processing. In addition, the bamboo divided pieces that are uniformly heated easily are passed between a pair of left and right first rolls that rotate about axes parallel to each other, thereby suppressing the elongation on the inner surface side thereof. The left and right side edges are constrained while the bamboo split piece is shared with the circular flange projecting coaxially with the pair of first rolls and the shaft of the pair of first rolls. Compressing in a direction perpendicular to the width direction and the longitudinal direction from both sides of the inner and outer surfaces by passing between another second roll rotating around an axis parallel to the normal, and flattening Characterized by continuous or semi-continuous bamboo Flat plate method. For bamboo split pieces whose width and / or thickness varies in the longitudinal direction, the left-right spacing between the first rolls and / or its first depending on its width and / or thickness 2. The method for flattening or continuously forming bamboo material according to claim 1, wherein the interval between the flange of the roll and the second roll is changed. The flat plate shape is fixed as it is by irradiating the flat bamboo divided pieces with microwaves, heating uniformly, and rapidly removing residual moisture by degassing and depressurization. Item 3. A method for flattening a continuous or semi-continuous bamboo material according to item 1 or 2. Bamboo continuous or semi-continuous flattening device that heats bamboo divided pieces with a single circular arc-shaped cross section formed by dividing bamboo vertically into multiple pieces, and flattens them by roll processing A pair of left and right first rolls that rotate about axes parallel to each other, and another second roll that rotates about an axis parallel to a common line to the axes of the pair of first rolls. And the left and right side edges so that the elongation of the inner surface of the bamboo divided piece, which has been heated uniformly and easily formed, is passed between the pair of left and right first rolls. On the other hand, the bamboo split piece is passed between the second roll and a circular flange protruding coaxially and integrally with the pair of first rolls, thereby allowing the inner and outer surfaces thereof to pass through. Hanging from both sides in the width direction and longitudinal direction Compressed, characterized by flattened, continuous or semi-continuous flattened apparatus bamboo. For bamboo split pieces whose width and / or thickness varies in the longitudinal direction, the left-right spacing between the first rolls and / or its first depending on its width and / or thickness The continuous or semi-continuous flattening device for bamboo material according to claim 4, wherein the interval between the flange of the roll and the second roll can be changed. In order to uniformly irradiate the inner and outer surfaces of the bamboo divided pieces with microwaves, the transverse section includes a heating device having a porous metal plate that bends along the inner and outer surfaces of the bamboo divided pieces. The continuous or semi-continuous flattening apparatus for bamboo according to claim 4 or 5. 7. A drying apparatus for removing moisture from the flattened bamboo divided pieces and heating the flattened bamboo pieces while reducing the pressure for a while in order to fix the flat plate shape as it is. The continuous or semi-continuous flattening apparatus for bamboo materials according to any one of the above.

Images