JP2006021098A - On-vehicle catalytic body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an on-vehicle catalytic body the photocatalytic activity, deodorization rate, or the like, of which are improved so that a malodorous component or a harmful substance in a car can be removed/decomposed quickly. <P>SOLUTION: This on-vehicle catalytic body is provided with: a structure 1 containing a substance having photocatalysis; an irradiating means 4 for irradiating the structure 1 with ultraviolet-containing light; an air sending means 3 for sending air to the structure 1; and a heat storage material 2 for supplying the stored heat to the photocatalyst of the structure. As a result, the heat of the sun shining in the car is stored in the heat storage material 2 and the stored heat is supplied to the photocatalyst to improve the photocatalytic activity, deodorization rate, or the like, of this on-vehicle catalytic body so that the malodorous component or the harmful substance in the car can be removed/decomposed quickly. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an on-vehicle catalyst body that can be used for removing and decomposing odorous components and harmful substances in a vehicle.

Conventionally, it is known to use a photocatalyst typified by titanium oxide in combination with a heat storage material. That is, the underfloor space can be used as a heat storage structure using a heat storage material, and further decomposition of formalin and the like released from the building material is promoted by simultaneously putting a photocatalyst (see, for example, Patent Document 1), By using a photocatalyst to produce a film with hydrophilicity, flow properties, antifogging properties, and antifouling properties, pasting it on window glass, etc., and adding a heat storage material to the film, the room temperature due to solar radiation (For example, refer to Patent Document 2). Also, there is a filter using a catalyst body in which a photocatalyst is supported on a carrier having a large specific surface area such as a honeycomb structure (see, for example, Patent Documents 3 and 4).
JP 2002-89863 A JP 2000-309068 A JP-A-6-343875 JP 2003-53196 A

  However, the conventional configuration merely combines the photocatalyst and the heat storage material, or supports the photocatalyst on a carrier such as a honeycomb structure, and is not intended to improve the photocatalytic activity or the deodorization rate. It was.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, improves the photocatalytic activity and deodorization speed by utilizing the heat storage of the heat storage material, and can quickly remove and decompose odorous components and harmful substances in the vehicle. The purpose is to provide a medium.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, an on-vehicle catalyst body of the present invention includes a structure including a photocatalytic substance, irradiation means for irradiating the structure with light including ultraviolet rays, and blowing air to the structure. And a heat storage material for supplying the stored heat to the photocatalyst of the structure.

  As a result, the heat of the sun radiated into the vehicle is stored with a heat storage material, and the heat is supplied to the photocatalyst to improve photocatalytic activity and deodorization speed, and quickly remove and decompose odorous components and harmful substances in the vehicle. can do.

  The in-vehicle deodorizer of the present invention realizes a highly active photocatalyst and can quickly remove and decompose odorous components and harmful substances in the vehicle.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a structure including a substance having a photocatalytic action, irradiation means for irradiating the structure with light including ultraviolet rays, air blowing means for blowing air to the structure, and heat stored in the structure. By using an in-vehicle catalyst body equipped with a heat storage material to be supplied to the photocatalyst, the heat of the sun radiated into the vehicle is stored in the heat storage material, and the heat is supplied to the photocatalyst, so that the photocatalytic activity and deodorization rate Etc., and can quickly remove and decompose odorous components and harmful substances in the vehicle.

  In particular, the second invention has an oxygen-enriching device in the first invention, thereby increasing the oxygen concentration of the odorous component or air containing harmful substances blown to the photocatalyst to increase the photocatalytic activity, the odorous component, etc. An on-vehicle catalyst body that improves the decomposition rate of the catalyst can be realized.

  In the third invention, in particular, in the first invention, since the substance having photocatalytic action is anatase type titanium oxide, the photocatalytic action is higher than that of other substances having photocatalytic action. An improved vehicle-mounted catalyst body can be realized.

  According to a fourth invention, in particular, in the first invention, since the structure has a honeycomb shape, the honeycomb structure has a large specific surface area and a low pressure loss. Therefore, the honeycomb structure supporting a substance having a photocatalytic action By passing air containing odorous components and the like through the body, a highly active vehicle-mounted catalyst body that can decompose and remove odorous components more efficiently can be realized.

  In the fifth invention, in particular, in the first invention, the heat storage material is installed on the wind of the irradiating means, so that when a lamp or the like is used as the irradiating means, the output is lowered by being cooled by the wind. Although there is a problem of reducing the photocatalytic activity, an on-vehicle catalyst body that maintains high photocatalytic activity can be realized by supplying the heat stored by the heat storage material to the irradiation means.

  In particular, according to the sixth invention, in any one of the first to fifth inventions, the heat storage material is a latent heat storage material, and the melting point is 40 ° C. or more and 80 ° C. or less, so that the latent heat storage material is relatively heat storage. It has a high density, is easy to repeat heat storage and heat dissipation, is not easily deteriorated, and stores and uses the heat in the car most efficiently from 40 ° C to 80 ° C. Supply the stored heat to the photocatalyst. Thus, an on-vehicle catalyst body with improved photocatalytic activity and improved deodorization rate can be realized.

  According to a seventh invention, in particular, in any one of the first to sixth inventions, the structure includes an adsorbent having a physical adsorption action, so that the adsorbent is zeolite, silica gel, activated carbon, alumina, sepiolite, or the like. By adsorbing, odorous components and harmful substances are adsorbed and removed with its high adsorption capacity, and the adsorbed odorous components are transferred to the photocatalyst by diffusion, etc., and decomposed on the surface. A vehicle-mounted catalyst body that maintains the deodorizing effect can be realized.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows an in-vehicle catalyst body according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  As shown in the figure, the on-vehicle catalyst body in the present embodiment includes a structure 1 including a photocatalytic substance (hereinafter referred to as a photocatalyst in the present embodiment) and light including ultraviolet rays to the structure 1. Irradiation means 4 for irradiating, blower means 3 for blowing air to the structure 1, and a heat storage material 2 for storing heat from sunlight or the like and supplying the stored heat to the photocatalyst of the structure 1. .

  The structure 1 is a structure in which, for example, a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide is bonded to the honeycomb structure by an action such as an anchor effect or a physical bond or a chemical bond. At this time, a binder may be added to enhance the effect. However, when the amount is large, an appropriate amount is desirable because it causes a decrease in photocatalytic activity. The binder is preferably inorganic, and colloidal silica or water glass is suitable.

  The structure 1 is not limited to the honeycomb structure, but the honeycomb structure is desirable because it has features of low pressure loss and a large specific surface area. The material of the structure 1 is not particularly limited, but it is desirable to use an inorganic material such as ceramics that is not decomposed by the photocatalytic action. The photocatalyst is not particularly limited, but titanium dioxide is desirable in terms of cost, safety, and availability. In particular, in consideration of the performance of photocatalysis, the photocatalyst has other photocatalytic activity. A higher anatase type is optimal.

  There are many methods for supporting the photocatalyst on the structure, such as a sputtering method, a sol-gel method, and a dip method, and there is no particular limitation, but the photocatalyst and a binder are dispersed or dissolved in water or a solvent as necessary to A dip method of supporting by immersing in the slurry is desirable. When a slurry is prepared by dispersing a powdered photocatalyst, the average diameter of the photocatalyst is preferably small, and the average primary particle diameter is preferably about 100 nm or less. The shape is not particularly limited, but a shape with a large specific surface area is desirable. Furthermore, it is desirable to disperse in water or a solvent so that aggregation does not occur as much as possible.

  In addition to the photocatalyst, the structure 1 is added with a substance having a physical adsorption action such as zeolite, silica gel, activated carbon, alumina, sepiolite, etc., so that the odor is removed by the physical adsorption deodorization with the adsorbent, and the deodorization performance is Further improve. The odorous substance adsorbed by the adsorbent is oxidatively decomposed by radicals generated when excited by light irradiation on the photocatalyst. The wavelength of the light at this time is preferably about 400 nm or less. Further, an adsorbent can be selected according to the odor to be deodorized, and the ratio of the photocatalyst and the adsorbent having a physical adsorption action can be changed according to the odor concentration.

  Next, the heat storage material 2 will be described. Examples of the heat storage material 2 include a sensible heat storage material using sensible heat, a latent heat storage material using latent heat of phase change of a substance, and a chemical heat storage material using chemical reaction heat. The sensible heat storage material is unsuitable because the heat storage density is very small, and the chemical heat storage material is unsuitable because it has a large-scale configuration and has problems in terms of safety and durability. Therefore, it is desirable to use a latent heat storage material, and it is particularly desirable to use the latent heat of solid-liquid phase change (melting-solidification) in consideration of safety. Also, considering the temperature rise in the vehicle due to solar radiation, a heat storage material having a melting point of about 40 ° C. to 80 ° C. is suitable, particularly around 60 ° C., and paradichlorobenzene (melting point 53 ° C.) or the like may be used. . It is also important to use a substance with a large heat of fusion.

  Furthermore, the shape and location of the heat storage material 2 are not limited to the shape and position shown in the figure. For example, by installing the heat storage material 2 so as to surround the structure 1, the stored heat is transmitted to the photocatalyst. What is necessary is just to be able to arrange. Further, when a lamp is used as the irradiation means 4, there is a problem that heat is taken away under an air current and the irradiation intensity of the lamp does not increase. Therefore, by installing the heat storage material 2 on the windward side of the lamp, heat is also applied to the lamp. Thus, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the irradiation intensity of the lamp. In particular, heat can be efficiently supplied to the airflow by providing the heat storage material 2 with heat radiation fins at this time.

  The blower means 3 is a sirocco fan, a turbo fan, a propeller fan, a cross flow fan, a cross-flow fan, or the like, and is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, a propeller fan is used, and the heat storage material 2 is passed through and blown to the structure 1.

  The irradiation means 4 is preferably capable of irradiating light having a wavelength of 400 nm or less, an ozone lamp that generates ultraviolet light of two wavelengths near 185 nm or 254 nm, a sterilizing lamp that generates ultraviolet light near 254 nm, and ultraviolet light near 360 nm. There are UV lamps and black lights to be used. From the viewpoint of environmental and health considerations and prevention of resin deterioration, it is desirable to use black light or an ultraviolet lamp having a peak wavelength of about 300 nm to 400 nm. Further, there are lamp methods such as a hot cathode type, a cold cathode type, and an electrodeless type, and any of them may be used, but a cold cathode type or an electrodeless type is desirable in consideration of durability. In this embodiment, a cold cathode type ultraviolet lamp having a wavelength peak in the vicinity of 365 nm is used. Further, an LED that emits ultraviolet rays of around 380 to 400 nm may be used. In this case, if the temperature rise is suppressed by repeating lighting and extinguishing, the deterioration of the LED can be suppressed, so that the LED is used for a long time. be able to.

  The operation and action of the on-vehicle catalyst body configured as described above will be described below.

  Direct sunlight is applied to the stopped vehicle, and the heat storage material 2 is in a state of being stored. Here, an ultraviolet lamp was turned on as the irradiating means 4 and a propeller fan was operated as the blowing means 3 to start blowing air to the structure 1 carrying the photocatalyst through the heat storage material 2. The heat stored in the heat storage material 2 is transferred to the airflow by heat exchange and supplied to the ultraviolet lamp and the structure 1. On the surface of the photocatalyst, malodor and harmful substances start to decompose due to the photocatalytic action. At this time, the photocatalyst is heated and the photocatalytic activity is improved without lowering the irradiation intensity of the lamp, and the ability to decompose bad odors and harmful substances can be improved.

  Next, an experimental example of the on-vehicle catalyst body in the present embodiment will be described.

Structure 1 supporting 23 cc photocatalyst, heat storage material 2 having a melting point of 60 ° C., 100 g, blowing means (propeller fan) 3 having a capacity of 270 L / min, and cold cathode type irradiation having a wavelength peak near 365 nm A catalyst body comprising means (ultraviolet lamp) 4 was produced (referred to as catalyst body A in the present embodiment). At this time, the irradiation means 4 was installed so that the average irradiation intensity to the structure 1 was about ² mW / cm ² . Moreover, what remove | excluded the thermal storage material 2 from the catalyst body A for reference (it is called the catalyst body B in this Embodiment) was produced.

Each of the catalyst bodies was installed in the center of a 1 m ³ acrylic container, and acetaldehyde gas was injected into the container so as to be 20 ppm. Next, with respect to the catalyst body A, heat was stored beforehand using a heater so that the temperature of the heat storage material 2 was 65 ° C. And the ventilation means 3 and the irradiation means 4 were operated, and the acetaldehyde density | concentration in the container after 1 hour was measured. The catalyst body A was installed at 1 ppm, and the catalyst body B was installed at 5 ppm. Therefore, it was confirmed that the decomposition efficiency of the catalyst body A, that is, the catalyst body on which the heat storage material 2 is mounted, is very excellent.

  In the present embodiment, a highly active photocatalyst is realized, and odorous components and harmful substances in the vehicle are quickly removed and decomposed. However, a microorganism disinfection function, an antibacterial function, an antifouling function, and an allergen decomposition Functions can also be used.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 2 shows a vehicle-mounted catalyst body according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The same elements as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

  The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an oxygen enricher 5 that improves the oxygen concentration is provided. The oxygen enrichment device 5 includes various types using an oxygen enriched film, a PSA or TSA type, a device that generates oxygen by a chemical reaction, and a device that uses an oxygen cylinder. The oxygen-enriched membrane method is the best when considering the maintenance and cost.

  Next, the oxygen enrichment apparatus 5 in the present embodiment will be described based on FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the oxygen enrichment device 5 includes an oxygen enriched membrane unit 10, a housing 11 having an intake port 19 and an exhaust port 21, a fan 12, and a high oxygen concentration air passage 13. The vacuum pump 14 and the outlet 20 are configured. The fan 12 may be a sirocco fan, a turbo fan, a propeller fan, a cross-flow fan, or the like, and is not particularly limited. The fan 12 is the air blowing means 3 shown in FIG. 2, but may be different from the air blowing means 3.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the oxygen-enriched film unit 10 is composed of an oxygen-enriched film 15, a base material 16 as a base of the oxygen-enriched film 15, and a support body 17 that supports them. Yes. The support 17 has a hole 18 through which air can pass.

  In the present embodiment, the oxygen-enriched film 15 is a silicone-based polymer film, and by providing a pressure difference on both sides of the film, the source air is dissolved on the surface of the nonporous oxygen-enriched film and diffuses within the film. According to the speed ratio, the raw material air is separated into high oxygen concentration air and exhaust air with a small amount of oxygen. In the case of the present embodiment, the separation ratio of oxygen to nitrogen is about 2.5, the separation ratio of water vapor is about 22, and the oxygen concentration is about 30% when air is allowed to permeate the oxygen-enriched membrane 15. Is almost saturated vapor pressure. Other examples of the oxygen-enriched film include silicone, polysulfone, imide, fluorine, and polyolefin, but are not particularly limited.

  As a method of generating a pressure difference on the oxygen-enriched membrane surface, one side of the membrane is set to atmospheric pressure and the other side is set to atmospheric pressure or higher, and one side of the membrane is set to atmospheric pressure and the other side is set to atmospheric pressure or lower. Although there is a method, in consideration of damage such as rupture, it is better to set the other side of the latter film to atmospheric pressure or less. For this purpose, the vacuum pump 14 is used, and the degree of vacuum is preferably about 100 to 600 torr, but is not particularly limited.

  The base material 16 is a base material used as a base when manufacturing the oxygen-enriched film. In the present embodiment, a porous polyethersulfone film is used. There is no particular limitation as long as it does not significantly affect the oxygen-enriched film. The support 17 is a support that supports the oxygen-enriched film and the polyether sulfone film, and has a hole 18 through which air passes, and is preferably not easily broken by an external pressure. In the present embodiment, a polypropylene resin plate is used, but other resins, metals, ceramics, and the like may be used and are not particularly limited.

  The operation of the oxygen enricher will be described. When the fan 12 and the vacuum pump 14 are operated, air is introduced from the intake port 19, passes through the oxygen-enriched membrane unit 10, and the high oxygen concentration air passes through the high oxygen concentration air passage 13 and the vacuum pump 14 and is taken out. 20 is taken out. The high oxygen concentration air taken out in the present embodiment was about 2.4 L / min. On the other hand, the exhaust air whose oxygen amount has decreased is exhausted from the exhaust port 21.

  By supplying the high-concentration oxygen air obtained from the outlet 20 to the structure 1 through the heat storage material 2, the photocatalytic activity can be further improved. This is because oxygen molecules receive electrons on the surface of the photocatalyst and become active oxygen, which contributes to the decomposition of odorous components and harmful substances, so the higher the oxygen concentration, the better the decomposition efficiency of odorous components and the like. .

  Next, an experimental example of the on-vehicle catalyst body in the present embodiment will be described.

Structure 1 supporting 23 cc photocatalyst, heat storage material 2 having a melting point of 60 ° C., 100 g, blowing means (propeller fan) 3 having a capacity of 270 L / min, and cold cathode type irradiation having a wavelength peak near 365 nm A catalyst body was produced from the means (ultraviolet lamp) 4 and the oxygen-enriched film type oxygen enricher 5 (referred to as catalyst body C in the present embodiment). At this time, the irradiation means 4 was installed so that the average irradiation intensity to the structure 1 was about ² mW / cm ² . Moreover, the catalyst body A used in Embodiment 1 was used for reference.

Each of the catalyst bodies was installed in the center of a 1 m ³ acrylic container, and acetaldehyde gas was injected into the container so as to be 20 ppm. Next, both the catalyst bodies A and C were preheated using a heater so that the temperature of the heat storage material 2 was 65 ° C. And the ventilation means 3 and the irradiation means 4 were operated, and the acetaldehyde density | concentration in the container after 1 hour was measured. The direction where the catalyst body A was installed was 1 ppm, and the direction where the catalyst body C was installed was 0.5 ppm. Therefore, it was confirmed that the decomposition efficiency of the catalyst body C, that is, the catalyst body on which the oxygen enrichment device 5 is mounted is very excellent.

  In the present embodiment, it can also be used as a high-concentration oxygen generator, and the generally-known effects of high-concentration oxygen, that is, blood lactate level reduction, comfort level improvement, and arousal feeling improvement It is possible to obtain effects such as reduction of body weight / body fat percentage, improvement of work efficiency, recovery of visual loss due to fatigue, and suppression of heart rate.

  As described above, the vehicle-mounted catalyst body according to the present invention realizes a highly active photocatalyst body, and can quickly remove and decompose odorous components and harmful substances in the vehicle. Therefore, an air cleaner, a deodorizer, an air conditioner It can also be applied to various air conditioning equipment such as allergen decomposing machines or environmental purification equipment such as water purifiers and water purification equipment.

Sectional drawing which shows the vehicle-mounted catalyst body in Embodiment 1 of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the vehicle-mounted catalyst body in Embodiment 2 of this invention. (A) Schematic diagram showing an oxygen enrichment device for a vehicle-mounted catalyst body in Embodiment 2 of the present invention (b) Schematic diagram showing an enlarged part of the oxygen enrichment device

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Structure 2 Thermal storage material 3 Blower means 4 Irradiation means 5 Oxygen enrichment apparatus

Claims (7)

A structure containing a substance having a photocatalytic action, an irradiation means for irradiating the structure with light containing ultraviolet light, a blowing means for blowing air to the structure, and a heat storage material for supplying the stored heat to the photocatalyst of the structure A vehicle-mounted catalyst body equipped with The vehicle-mounted catalyst body according to claim 1, comprising an oxygen enrichment device. The in-vehicle catalyst body according to claim 1, wherein the substance having a photocatalytic action is anatase type titanium oxide. The on-vehicle catalyst body according to claim 1, wherein the structure has a honeycomb shape. The in-vehicle catalyst body according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage material is installed on the windward side of the irradiation means. The vehicle-mounted catalyst body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat storage material is a latent heat storage material and has a melting point of 40 ° C or higher and 80 ° C or lower. The on-vehicle catalyst body according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the structure includes an adsorbent having a physical adsorption action.

Images