JP2006015233A - Membrane module - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane module which enables backwashing, has an increased packing density, and can prevent sediment residues from sticking to a tubular membrane, and can easily process the header. <P>SOLUTION: The membrane module 1 has a plurality of membrane bodies 2. Each membrane body 2 is formed by arranging a plurality of ceramic small-diameter tubular membranes 3 vertically in a line with no space between them. Both ends of each tubular membrane 3 are supported by headers 4. In one header 4, a plurality of long holes 10 are formed so as to leave a prescribed space A between them. One end of each tubular membrane 3 is inserted into the long hole 10 and bonded to the one header 4. The other end of each tubular membrane 3 is bonded to the other header to be blocked. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a membrane module used when treating purified water, industrial waste water, or the like.

  Conventionally, as this type of membrane module, for example, there is a type in which a plurality of flat membrane type membrane cartridges are arranged in a box-shaped case with upper and lower openings, and aeration is performed from below these membrane cartridges. That is, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, each of the membrane cartridges 41 has a flat filter plate 42 formed with a permeate flow path 43 that opens to the surface of the filter plate 42 and communicates with the suction pipe. A filtration membrane 44 is disposed so as to cover the surface of 42, and is fixed to the filter plate 42 at the periphery of the filtration membrane 44. In addition, a texture 45 that communicates with the permeate flow path 43 is formed on the surface of the filter plate 42, and a spacer 46 such as a net or felt is interposed between the filter membrane 44 and the filter plate 42, so A flow path of permeated water is secured between the plate 42 and the filtration membrane 44 is protected by a spacer 46 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  According to this, when the treatment is performed, a suction negative pressure is applied to the permeate flow path 43 through a suction pipe (not shown) by a suction means, thereby trapping solid matter or the like in the water to be treated W by the filtration membrane 44. Then, the membrane filtered water Wa that has passed through the filtration membrane 44 and has flowed into the permeate flow path 43 is taken out as treated water. Cleaning is performed when the filtration membrane 44 is closed along with filtration. However, when the membrane cartridge 41 is washed, the membrane cartridge 41 is taken out of the tank and washed with water or immersed in a chemical solution for washing.

However, in order to reduce the frequency of chemical cleaning, it is conceivable to perform backwashing using the treated water, but the membrane cartridge 41 as described above is difficult to cope with backwashing.
On the other hand, as a membrane module capable of performing backwashing at high pressure, for example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, there is a module using a plurality of tubular membrane elements 51. That is, both ends of each membrane element 51 are supported by headers 52 and 53, respectively, and these membrane elements 51 are arranged in a plurality of rows at predetermined intervals S1 and S2 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction (for example, patents). Reference 2).

  The one header 52 is formed with a plurality of circular holes in accordance with the arrangement positions of the respective membrane elements 51, and one end of each membrane element 51 is inserted into the circular hole of the one header 52 and the one header 52. The other end of each membrane element 51 is bonded to the other header 53 and closed. Further, one header 52 is formed with a suction chamber 54 that communicates with one end opening of each membrane element 51 and a suction port 55 that communicates the suction chamber 54 to the outside.

The outer diameter of the membrane element 51 is set to 13 mm, for example.
According to this, at the time of the filtration operation, the water to be treated W flows upward from the lower side to the upper side with respect to each membrane element 51 by performing aeration from the lower side. At this time, by generating a membrane differential pressure in each membrane element 51 through the suction port 55 and the suction chamber 54, a part of the treated water W is sucked into the internal space 51a from the outside of each membrane element 51 and filtered. The membrane filtrate Wa is taken out from one end opening of each membrane element 51 through the suction chamber 54 and the suction port 55 to the outside.

  When backwashing is performed, backwash water Wb is supplied to one end opening of each membrane element 51 through the suction port 55 and the suction chamber 54 and flows outward from the internal space 51a of each membrane element 51. The membrane element 51 is backwashed. As such a tubular membrane element 51, for example, a ceramic element having high strength and sufficiently withstanding high pressure backwashing is used.

However, in the above-described conventional format, the membrane elements 51 are arranged at a predetermined interval S1 in the vertical direction. Therefore, when the water to be treated W flows from below to above the membrane elements 51, the water to be treated W is treated. There is a problem in that the residue contained therein gets entangled with the outer peripheral surface of the membrane element 51 from below the membrane element 51. In addition, since the packing density of the membrane elements 51 is small, and it is necessary to form the same number of circular holes as the membrane elements 51 in one header 52, if the number of the membrane elements 51 increases, the processing of the circular holes is difficult. There is a problem that it takes time and effort.
JP-A-8-24592 JP-A-8-332352

  An object of the present invention is to provide a membrane module that can be back-washed, can increase the packing density of the membrane, can prevent the residue from being entangled with the tubular membrane, and can easily process the header.

  In order to achieve the above object, the first invention is a membrane module having a membrane body for filtering water to be treated, and the membrane body is formed by arranging a plurality of tubular membranes in a predetermined direction in a line without any gaps. Both ends of these tubular membranes are supported by headers.

  According to this, when the membrane module is used as an external pressure type, during the filtration operation, the water to be treated flows into the internal space from the outside of each tubular membrane forming the membrane body and is filtered, and each membrane is filtered as membrane filtered water. It is taken out from the inner space of the tubular membrane to the outside of the membrane module. When backwashing is performed, backwash water is supplied from the outside of the membrane module to the inner space of each tubular membrane, and flows out from the inner space of each tubular membrane to wash each tubular membrane.

  When the membrane module is used as an internal pressure type, during the filtration operation, the water to be treated flows out from the inner space of each tubular membrane and is filtered, and is taken out as membrane filtered water to the outside of each tubular membrane. When backwashing is performed, backwash water flows from the outside of each tubular membrane into the internal space to wash each tubular membrane.

By forming individual membranes in a tubular manner as described above, each of these tubular membranes can be backwashed, and the entire membrane body composed of a plurality of tubular membranes is backwashed.
Furthermore, since the filtration surface of the film body is formed into a concavo-convex shape by a plurality of tubular films, the film area of the film body increases compared to a flat film of the same size.

In the second aspect of the invention, the ends of a pair of tubular membranes arranged in a line without any gap are inserted into one long hole and bonded to the header.
According to this, the number of long holes can be smaller than the number of tubular membranes, which makes it easy to process the header.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the tubular membranes are arranged in a line without any gap along the flow direction of the water to be treated flowing outside the membrane body.
According to this, in the flow direction of the water to be treated flowing outside the membrane body, no gap is formed between the tubular membranes, so that the residue contained in the treated water is entangled with the outer peripheral surface of each tubular membrane. Can be prevented. In addition, the rigidity of the film body in the flow direction of the water to be treated is improved, whereby deformation and breakage of the film body in the flow direction of the water to be treated can be prevented.

  As described above, in the present invention, the membrane body can be backwashed, the packing density of the tubular membrane can be increased, and further, the residue can be prevented from being entangled with the tubular membrane. Can be easily processed.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a membrane module, which is immersed in water to be treated W (purified water, industrial wastewater, activated sludge mixed water, etc.) in a treatment tank to separate solids, and is configured as follows. .

  The membrane module 1 has a plurality of membrane bodies 2 that filter the water to be treated W. Each of these film bodies 2 is formed by arranging a plurality of tubular films 3 in a line in the vertical direction (an example of a predetermined direction) without a gap. Each tubular membrane 3 is made of ceramic and has a small diameter (for example, an outer diameter of about 3 mm), and both ends of each tubular membrane 3 are supported by a pair of left and right headers 4 and 5, respectively. A pair of front and rear plate-like connecting members 7 and 8 are provided between the front ends and the rear ends of the headers 4 and 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the headers 4, 5 and the connecting members 7, 8 constitute a frame frame body 9 that is square in plan view and that is open on both upper and lower surfaces.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of long holes 10 that are long in the vertical direction are formed in the one header 4 at a predetermined interval A in the front-rear direction. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, one end of each set of tubular membranes 3 arranged in a line without any gap is inserted into one long hole 10 of one header 4, and one header is bonded by an adhesive 11. 4 is adhered. Further, the other end of each tubular membrane 3 is adhered and closed to the other header 5 by an adhesive 11. Thereby, each tubular film | membrane 3 is provided between both headers 4 and 5 by making an axial center into the left-right direction.

  A cover 12 that covers one end opening 3 a of each tubular membrane 3 is attached to the outer side surface of the one header 4. A communication chamber 15 communicating with one end opening 3a of each tubular membrane 3 is formed inside the cover 12. Further, the cover 12 is formed with an outlet 16 for taking out the membrane filtrate Wa discharged from the one end opening 3a of each tubular membrane 3 into the communication chamber 15 to the outside.

  Further, an air diffuser (not shown) is installed below the membrane module 1, and the water W to be treated is moved upward from below with respect to the membrane module 1 by the air lift action of bubbles by aeration with the air diffuser. Flowing. A plurality of tubular membranes 3 are stacked in a line along the flow direction of the water to be treated W (that is, the vertical direction).

Hereinafter, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
During the filtration operation, a suction pressure is applied to the internal space 3b of each tubular membrane 3 through the outlet 16 and the communication chamber 15 by a suction pump or the like, so that a part of the water W to be treated is each membrane body 2. Each of the tubular membranes 3 is sucked into the internal space 3b and filtered, and is taken out from the one end opening 3a of each tubular membrane 3 to the outside through the communication chamber 15 and the outlet 16 as membrane filtrate water Wa. The

  When backwashing is performed, the backwash water Wb is supplied from the outlet 16 to the one end opening 3a of each tubular membrane 3 through the communication chamber 15, and outward from the internal space 3b of each tubular membrane 3. Flow out and wash each tubular membrane 3. Thus, by forming each membrane 3 with a tubular ceramic membrane, each of these tubular membranes 3 can be backwashed, and a membrane body 2 composed of a plurality of tubular membranes 3. The whole is backwashed.

As shown in FIG. 4, the filtration surface of each membrane body 2 becomes uneven due to a plurality of tubular membranes 3, so that the membrane area of the membrane body 2 is increased and filled compared to a flat membrane of the same size. The density is also great.
Furthermore, since one end of the plurality of tubular membranes 3 is inserted into the long holes 10 of one header 4 and bonded together, the number of the long holes 10 can be smaller than the number of the tubular membranes 3. Thus, the processing of one header 4 can be easily performed.

  In addition, when aeration is performed from below, the water to be treated W becomes an upward flow and flows from below to above the membrane module 1. Due to the upward flow of the water W to be treated, an upward force acts on each film body 2 from the bottom. On the other hand, the tubular films 3 are arranged in a line in the vertical direction without any gaps. The rigidity in the vertical direction of the film body 2 is improved. Thereby, the deformation | transformation and damage to the up-down direction of the film body 2 by an upward flow can be prevented.

  Further, since no gap is formed between the upper and lower sides of each tubular membrane 3, the residue contained in the water to be treated W is entangled with the outer peripheral surface of the tubular membrane 3 when aeration is performed as described above. Can be prevented. Moreover, the film surface deposits adhering to the outer peripheral surface of each tubular membrane 3 are washed and removed by the shearing force of the bubbles caused by aeration and the upward flow of the water to be treated W. In addition, by making the outer diameter of each tubular membrane 3 smaller than the outer diameter of the conventional membrane element 51 (see FIGS. 8 and 9), as shown in FIG. 4, the tubular membrane 3 is not sufficiently cleaned. The cross-sectional area of the portion D to be reduced is reduced.

  In the first embodiment, one end of the tubular membrane 3 is opened and the other end is closed. However, as a second embodiment described below, as shown in FIG. You may open both ends of.

  That is, the other header 5 is formed in the same shape as the one header 4, and a plurality of long holes 10 are formed in the other header 5 in the same manner as the one header 4. The other end of each tubular membrane 3 is inserted into the long hole 10 of the other header 5 and bonded to the other header 5 with an adhesive 11. Similarly to the one header 4, the cover 12 is attached to the other header 5. A communication chamber 15 that communicates with the other end opening 3 c of each tubular membrane 3 is formed inside the cover 12.

  According to this, at the time of the filtration operation, a part of the water to be treated W is sucked into the internal space 3b from the outside of each tubular membrane 3 of each membrane body 2 and filtered, and each tubular water as membrane filtered water Wa is filtered. The film 3 is taken out from both end openings 3a and 3c of the membrane 3 through both communication chambers 15 and both outlets 16.

  When backwashing is performed, backwash water Wb is supplied from both outlets 16 to both opening portions 3 a and 3 c of each tubular membrane 3 through both communicating chambers 15, and the internal space of each tubular membrane 3. Each tubular membrane 3 is washed out by flowing out from 3b.

  In each of the above embodiments, the membrane module 1 is an external pressure type in which the treated water W flows from the outside of the tubular membrane 3 to the internal space 3b and is filtered, but the treated water W is a tubular membrane. 3 may be an internal pressure type that flows from the internal space 3b to the outside and is filtered. In the case of the internal pressure type, the backwash water Wb flows from the outside of the tubular membrane 3 to the internal space 3b.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the rectangular frame frame body 9 is configured by the headers 4, 5 and the connecting members 7, 8. It may be a shape. Moreover, the structure without the said connection members 7 and 8 may be sufficient.

  In each of the above embodiments, the water W to be treated flows from below to above with respect to the membrane module 1 by aeration. Therefore, a plurality of tubular membranes 3 are arranged in a line in the vertical direction without gaps corresponding to this flow. However, the stacking of the plurality of tubular membranes 3 is not limited to the vertical direction. For example, when the water to be treated W flows in the front-rear direction with respect to the membrane module 1, the plurality of tubular membranes 3. If the water to be treated W flows in the left-right direction with respect to the membrane module 1, the plurality of tubular membranes 3 can be arranged in a row in the left-right direction without any gap. Good.

  In each of the above embodiments, the tubular film 3 is made of ceramic, but may be made of a material other than ceramic.

It is a front view of the membrane module in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 2 is a plan view of the membrane module. FIG. It is a XX arrow line view in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the membrane body of the membrane module. It is a front view of the membrane module in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the membrane cartridge used for the conventional membrane module. It is a XX arrow line view in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the membrane module provided with the conventional tubular membrane element. It is a YY arrow line view in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Membrane module 2 Membrane 3 Tubular membrane 4,5 Header 10 Long hole W Water to be treated

Claims (3)

A membrane module having a membrane body for filtering water to be treated, wherein the membrane body is formed by arranging a plurality of tubular membranes in a line in a predetermined direction without gaps, and both ends of the tubular membranes are supported by headers, respectively. A membrane module characterized by having 2. The membrane module according to claim 1, wherein ends of a pair of tubular membranes arranged in a line without any gap are inserted into one long hole and bonded to a header. 3. The membrane module according to claim 1, wherein the tubular membranes are arranged in a line without any gap along the flow direction of the water to be treated that flows outside the membrane body.

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