JP2006011272A - Image display system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize an image display system that uniformly and brightly illuminates an image display element, is compact, and ensures images free from nonuniform color. <P>SOLUTION: The image display system includes: a light source 1; the image display element 6; an elliptic mirror 2 by which light emitted from the light source 1 is reflected to the image display element; and an observation optical system 8 by which light subjected to image modulation by the image display element 6 is guided to the eyes of an observer. In the image display system, diffusibility is imparted to the reflecting face of the elliptic mirror 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an image display system and is suitable for an image display device such as a so-called head mounted display.

Conventionally, in a head mounted display or the like, various optical systems for reducing the size of the entire apparatus have been devised as in Patent Documents 1 and 2.
JP 2000-249976 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-081591

  However, in Patent Document 1, a convex lens and a diffusion plate for making a surface light source are provided in the illumination optical system that guides light from the light source to the image display means, and another one for condensing the light from the surface light source on the image display means. Because it includes two convex lenses, the light from the light source can be efficiently guided to the image display means, but the illumination optical system becomes large and the illumination system is used for a small image display system such as a head-mounted display. As it is slightly too large, it is inappropriate.

  In Patent Document 2, since the light of the light source is guided to the image display means by one light dividing means, the image display means can be illuminated with a very simple configuration, but since a half mirror is used as the light dividing means, illumination is performed. In addition, the light source RGB is sequentially turned on in synchronization with the switching of the display image, but the light source RGB is located away from each other, so that the area for illuminating the image differs depending on each color, and the color unevenness is large. Will occur.

  An object of the present invention is to overcome the above-described problems and to realize an image display system that illuminates the image display means uniformly and brightly and does not cause color unevenness in the image.

  In order to achieve the above object, an image display system according to the first invention of the present application includes a light source, an image display element, a reflecting member that reflects light emitted from the light source toward the image display element, and an image display element. An observation optical system for guiding the modulated light to the eyes of the observer, and the reflecting surface of the reflecting member has a diffusivity.

  The image display system of the second invention of the present application is a light source, an image display element, an elliptical mirror that reflects light emitted from the light source toward the image display element, and diffusion that diffuses the light reflected by the elliptical mirror. It has a member and an observation optical system that guides light that has undergone image modulation by the image display element to the eyes of the observer, and the light source is arranged at the first focal position of the elliptical mirror.

  The image display system according to the third aspect of the present invention includes a light source, an image display element, a first convex lens that converts light emitted from the light source into parallel light, a first convex lens that diffuses the parallel light and guides it to the image display element side. And an observation optical system that guides light that has undergone image modulation by the image display element to the eyes of the observer.

  The image display optical system according to the third invention of the present application includes a light source, an image display element, a first convex lens for making light emitted from the light source parallel light, and diffusing and reflecting the parallel light toward the image display element. And a second convex lens for condensing the light reflected by the reflecting member on the image display element, and an observation optical system for guiding the light modulated by the image display element to the eyes of the observer It is characterized by.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently illuminate the image display means with uniform brightness while having an extremely simple configuration, and the illumination system for guiding the light from the light source to the image display means is greatly reduced in size. can do.

(First embodiment)
The first embodiment is an embodiment using an elliptical mirror having diffusibility.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the first embodiment, in which 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 2 is an elliptical mirror with a diffusive reflection surface, 3 is a first polarizing plate, and 4 is a light shielding member. Reference numeral 5 denotes an illumination prism, 6 denotes a reflective panel as an image display means, 7 denotes a second polarizing plate, 8 denotes a prism lens, and 9 denotes an observer's eye. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow shown in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 enters the elliptical mirror 2, is reflected / diffused by the reflective surface having the diffusibility of the elliptical mirror 2, is guided to the illumination prism 5 side, passes through the first polarizing plate 3, Some of the light is blocked by the light blocking member 4, and other light is incident on the illumination prism 5 from the incident surface 10, which is the first surface of the illumination prism 5, and is directed toward the panel 6 on the third surface 11. The light is totally reflected and transmitted through the second surface 12 and guided to the panel (image display means such as a reflective liquid crystal element) 6. The light incident on the panel 6 is image-modulated and reflected by the panel 6 and is incident on the illumination prism 5 again as the image light from the second surface 12 and exits from the third surface 11, and the second polarizing plate. 7 is transmitted to the prism lens 8.

  The light source 1 is disposed in the vicinity of the first focal position of the elliptical mirror 2, and the center of the panel 6 folds the second focal position of the elliptical mirror 2 symmetrically with respect to the reflective surface 11 of the illumination prism 5. In the illumination prism 5, the light reflected by the elliptical mirror 2 enters the illumination prism 5 from the first surface 10 and is reflected by the third surface 11. The length of the light path from the second surface 12 in terms of air is used.

  The illumination prism 5 is disposed between the prism lens 8 and the panel 6, and the third surface 11 on the prism lens 8 side and the second surface 12 on the panel 6 side are configured at a predetermined angle. In this illumination prism 5, the illumination light and the image light partially pass through the same region between the surfaces 11 and 12.

  The prism lens 8 of the present embodiment is composed of three surfaces, and the light reflected by the panel 6 and transmitted through the illumination prism 5 is transmitted through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, and the second and third surfaces. 14 and 15, and after passing through the second surface 14, reaches the observer's eye 9.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the elliptical mirror 2 in which the reflecting surface that guides the light emitted from the light source 1 to the panel 6 is diffused. The light emitted from the light source 1 disposed at the first focal position of the elliptical mirror 2 has a maximum intensity in the direction toward the second focal position of the elliptical mirror 2 by the elliptical mirror 2, and the angle formed from the direction is the same. The light beam is guided to the panel as a light beam having a distribution in which the intensity decreases as the light beam increases.

  FIG. 3 is an optical path diagram viewed from a direction parallel to the first surface 10 of the illumination prism 5. The light shielding member 4 removes unnecessary light incident on the image display element by multiple reflection in the illumination prism 5.

Here, the diffusibility applied to the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2 is θ, which is the angle formed from the vertical direction of the light reflected when the light beam is incident from the vertical direction of the reflecting surface. When the intensity ratio is cos ⁿ θ,
1 ≦ n ≦ 20 (1)
To satisfy the following conditions.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the diffusivity of the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2. When n is as small as 1, the diffusivity is high, and when n is as large as 20, the diffusivity is low. When n is below the lower limit of equation (1), the diffusivity of the diffuser plate 3 is increased, so that the panel 6 can be illuminated uniformly, but the ratio of the light rays emitted from the light source 1 and reaching the panel 6. Illumination efficiency is lowered and the image is slightly darkened. Further, when n exceeds the upper limit value of the expression (1), the diffusibility of the diffusion plate 3 is low, so that the center of the image becomes bright, while the periphery of the image becomes dark and unevenness in illumination on the panel 6 increases.

  At this time, the light source 1 uses a color sequential system that sequentially emits LEDs corresponding to each color light of RGB, and the LEDs of each color are separated by 0.53 mm as shown in FIG. Since the light source images of each color are separated on the observer's pupil if the diffusivity is low, a strong red region or a strong green region is observed depending on the location of the image. , The strong blue area will be separated.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable to dispose unnecessary light that does not illuminate the panel 6 by disposing the light shielding member 4 on the first surface 10 of the illumination prism 5. In the absence of the light shielding member 4, there is light that enters the observer's eyes 9 by multiple reflections inside the illumination prism 6, or light that reaches the observer's eyes 9 without illuminating the panel 6, such as flare. Cause.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the second embodiment, in which 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 16 is a convex lens, 2 is an elliptical mirror with a diffusive reflection surface, 3 is a first polarizing plate, 4 is a light shielding member, 5 is an illumination prism, 6 is a reflection type panel as an image display means, 7 is a second polarizing plate, 8 is a prism lens, and 9 is an eye of an observer. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow shown in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 is incident on the convex lens 16, is refracted so as to be condensed on the elliptical mirror 2 by the convex lens 16, is incident on the elliptical mirror 2, and is reflected by the reflecting surface having the diffusibility of the elliptical mirror 2. The light is diffused and guided to the illumination prism 5 side, passes through the first polarizing plate 3, a part of the light is shielded by the light shielding member 4, and the other light is the first incident surface of the illumination prism 5. The light enters the illumination prism 5 from the surface 10, is totally reflected by the third surface 11 toward the panel 6, passes through the second surface 12, and is guided to the panel 6. The light incident on the panel 6 is image-modulated and reflected by the panel 6, enters the illumination prism 5 again from the second surface 12 as image light, exits from the third surface 11, and is second polarized. The light passes through the plate 7 and reaches the prism lens 8.

  The center position of the panel 6 is folded in contrast to the second focal position of the elliptical mirror 2 with respect to the reflecting surface 11 of the illumination prism 5, and the length from the reflective surface of the elliptical mirror 2 to the second focal position is within the illumination prism 5. Then, the light reflected by the ellipsoidal mirror 2 enters the illumination prism 5 from the first surface 10, is reflected by the third surface 11, and is the air-converted length of the optical path from the second surface 12. I am doing it.

  The convex lens 16 is disposed between the light source 1 and the elliptical mirror 2. When the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2 is assumed to be a non-diffusive mirror surface, the convex lens 16 traces light rays from the second focal position and reflects by the elliptical mirror 2. The light source 1 is arranged at a position where the emitted light is collected by the convex lens 16.

  Here, the illumination prism 5 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment of the present invention.

  The prism lens 8 of the present embodiment has three surfaces, and the light reflected by the panel 6 and transmitted through the illumination prism 5 is transmitted through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, and the second and third surfaces 14. , 15, and after passing through the second surface 14, reaches the observer's eye 9.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the convex lens 16 that guides the light emitted from the light source 1 to the panel 6 and the elliptical mirror 2 in which the reflecting surface is diffused. The light emitted from the light source 1 is refracted so as to be condensed on the elliptical mirror 2 by the convex lens 16, and the elliptical mirror 2 has the maximum intensity in the direction toward the second focal position of the elliptical mirror 2, and The light beam having a larger angle is guided to the panel 6 as a light beam having a distribution with a smaller intensity.

  Here, the diffusibility applied to the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2 is the same as in the first embodiment.

  Further, the arrangement of the light shielding member is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the third embodiment, in which 1 and 17 are light sources that emit RGB light, 2 is a reflecting member obtained by joining two elliptical mirrors having a diffusive reflection surface, The first polarizing plate, 4 is a light-shielding member, 5 is an illumination prism, 6 is a reflective panel as image display means, 7 is a second polarizing plate, 8 is a prism lens, and 9 is an eye of an observer. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow shown in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light sources 1 and 17 is incident on the reflecting member 2 formed by joining two reflecting mirrors, reflected and diffused by the diffusive reflecting surface of the reflecting member 2, and guided to the illumination prism 5 side. The first polarizing plate 3 is transmitted, part of the light is blocked by the light blocking member 4, and the other light is incident on the illumination prism 5 from the first surface 10 of the illumination prism 5, and the third surface. 11 is totally reflected toward the panel 6, passes through the second surface 12, and is guided to the panel 6. The light incident on the panel 6 is image-modulated and reflected by the panel 6, enters the illumination prism 5 again from the second surface 12 as image light, exits from the third surface 11, and then enters the second polarizing plate 7. Is transmitted to the prism lens 8.

  Each of the light sources 1 and 17 is disposed in the vicinity of the first focal position of the two elliptical mirrors of the reflecting member 2, and the center of the panel 6 is symmetrical with respect to the reflecting surface 11 of the illumination prism 5 at the second focal position of the elliptical mirror. As for the length from the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2 to the second focal position, the light reflected by the elliptical mirror 2 is incident on the lighting prism 5 from the first surface 10 in the illumination prism 5, and The length of the optical path reflected from the third surface 11 and emitted from the second surface 12 is calculated as air.

  Here, the illumination prism 5 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.

  The prism lens 8 of the present embodiment is composed of three surfaces, and the light reflected by the panel 6 and transmitted through the illumination prism 5 is transmitted through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, and the second and third surfaces. 14 and 15, and after passing through the second surface 14, reaches the observer's eye 9.

  Here, the diffusibility applied to the reflecting surface of the reflecting member 2 is the same as in the first embodiment.

  Further, the arrangement of the light shielding member is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the fourth embodiment, in which 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 2 is an elliptical mirror having a diffusive reflecting surface, 3 is a first polarizing plate, and 6 is an image display. A transmissive panel as a means, 7 is a second polarizing plate, 8 is a prism lens, and 9 is an eye of an observer. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the long side direction of the panel.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 enters the elliptical mirror 2, is reflected and diffused by the reflective surface having the diffusibility of the elliptical mirror 2, is guided to the panel 6 side, passes through the first polarizing plate 3, Incident on the panel 6. The light incident on the panel 6 undergoes image modulation, exits from the panel 6, passes through the second polarizing plate 7, and is guided to the prism lens 8.

  The light source 1 is disposed in the vicinity of the first focal position of the elliptical mirror 2, and the center of the panel 6 is disposed in the vicinity of the second focal position.

  The prism lens 8 of this embodiment is composed of three surfaces, and the light transmitted through the panel 6 is transmitted as image light through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, and the second and third surfaces 14, 15. After being reflected and transmitted through the second surface 14, it reaches the eye 9 of the observer.

  Here, the center positions of the light source 1 and the panel 6 are in the vicinity of the first focal position and the second focal position of the elliptical mirror 2, respectively.

  Further, the diffusibility of the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the fifth embodiment, in which 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 2 is an elliptical mirror having a diffusive reflection surface, 3 is a first polarizing plate, and 4 is a light shielding member. Reference numeral 5 denotes an illumination prism, 6 denotes a transmissive panel as image display means, 7 denotes a second polarizing plate, 8 denotes a prism lens, and 9 denotes an observer's eye. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow shown in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 is reflected and diffused by the diffusive reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2 and guided to the illumination prism 5 side, and part of the light is blocked by the light blocking member 4, and the other light. Enters from the first surface 10 which is the incident surface of the illumination prism 5, is reflected by the third surface 11 toward the panel 6 side, passes through the second surface 12 of the illumination prism 5, and passes through the first surface 10. Is transmitted through the polarizing plate 3 and guided to the panel 6 side. The light incident on the panel 6 undergoes image modulation, exits from the panel 6, passes through the second polarizing plate 7, and is guided to the prism lens 8 side.

  The light source 1 is disposed in the vicinity of the first focal position of the elliptical mirror 2, and the panel 6 is disposed at the second focal position determined by air conversion in the illumination prism 5 in the optical path from the light source 1 to the center of the panel 6. .

  The prism lens 8 of the present embodiment is composed of three surfaces, and the image light is transmitted through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, reflected by the second and third surfaces 14, 15, and the second surface 14. And then reaches the eyes 9 of the observer.

  Further, the diffusibility of the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the sixth embodiment, in which 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 2 is an elliptical mirror having a diffusive reflection surface, 18 is a plane mirror, and 3 is a first polarizing plate. , 6 is a transmissive panel as image display means, 7 is a second polarizing plate, 8 is a prism lens, and 9 is an eye of an observer. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow shown in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 is reflected and diffused by the diffusive reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2, enters the flat mirror 18, is reflected, and is guided to the panel 6 side. The light guided to the panel 6 side passes through the first polarizing plate 3, and then a part of the light is blocked by the light blocking member 4, and the other light enters the panel 6, undergoes image modulation, and receives the panel 6. From the first polarizing plate 7, passes through the second polarizing plate 7, and is guided to the prism lens 8.

  The light source 1 is arranged in the vicinity of the first focal position of the elliptical mirror 2, and the panel 6 is arranged in the vicinity of the center position near the position where the second focal position of the elliptical mirror 2 is folded back symmetrically with respect to the reflecting surface of the plane mirror 18. Has been.

  The prism lens 8 of this embodiment is composed of three surfaces, and the image light is transmitted through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, reflected by the second and third surfaces 14, 15, and the second surface. After passing through 14, it reaches the eye 9 of the observer.

  Further, the diffusibility of the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  Next, numerical examples will be shown.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram relating to the shape and position of the elliptical mirror of the numerical example.

  a is the length of the major axis of the elliptical mirror, b is the length of the minor axis of the elliptical mirror 2, α is the use angle of the light emitted from the light source 1, and θ is the light beam from the light source 1 to the center of the panel 6, When a light beam perpendicularly incident on the first surface 10 of the illumination prism 5 is used as an optical axis, it is an angle formed by the optical axis between the light source 1 and the elliptical mirror 2 and the long axis of the elliptical mirror 2, and Δt1 is a light source. 1 is the amount translated in the long side direction of the panel 6, and Δt 2 is the amount translated in the long side direction of the panel 6 of the elliptical mirror 2.

  Since the observation optical system of the present embodiment is composed of an eccentric surface, an absolute coordinate system and a local coordinate system are set to represent the shape of the optical system. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of an absolute coordinate system and a local coordinate system, which will be described below.

  The origin of the absolute coordinate system is set at the center O of the desired pupil position of the observer, and the Z axis is a straight line that passes through the point O and is perpendicular to the pupil plane, and is determined by the optical axis bent by reflection in the prism lens 8. It is on a fixed plane. The Y axis is a straight line that passes through the origin O and forms an angle of 90 ° counterclockwise with respect to the Z axis on the plane. The X axis is a straight line passing through the origin O and orthogonal to the Y and Z axes.

  The local coordinate origin Oi is set for each surface i in absolute coordinates (dXi, dYi, dZi). The Z axis of the local coordinates is a straight line that passes through the origin Oi in the YZ plane and forms an angle Tilti with the Z axis of the absolute coordinate system. Here, Tilti is positive when the local coordinate Z-axis forms a counterclockwise angle with respect to a straight line passing through the origin Oi and parallel to the absolute coordinate system Z-axis. The local coordinate Y-axis is a straight line that passes through the origin Oi and forms an angle of 90 ° counterclockwise with respect to the local coordinate Z-axis. The local coordinate X-axis is a straight line passing through the origin Oi and orthogonal to the local coordinate Y-axis and Z-axis.

  The shape of each surface is expressed in local coordinates. In each embodiment, the shape of the optical action surface is a shape having an aspheric surface by a Zernike polynomial in a shape function representing a quadric surface, and is represented by the following function.

Z = c (x ² + y ² ) / [1+ {1-c ² (x ² + y ² )} ^1/2 ]
+ c4 (x ² -y ² )
+ c5 (-1 + 2x ² + 2y ² )
+ c9 (-2y + 3x ² y + 3y ³ )
+ c10 (3x ² yy ³ )
+ c11 (x ⁴ -6x ² y ² + y ⁴ )
+ c12 (-3x ² + 4x ⁴ + 3y ² -4y ⁴ )
+ c13 (1-6x ² + 6x ⁴ -6y ² + 12x ² y ² + 6y ⁴ )
+ c19 (3y-12x ² y + 10x ⁴ y-12y ³ + 20x ² y ³ + 10y ⁵ )
+ c20 (-12x ² y + 15x ⁴ y + 4y ³ + 10x ² y ³ -5y ⁵ )
+ c21 (5x ⁴ y-10x ² y ³ + y ⁵ )
+ c22 (x ⁶ -15x ⁴ y ² + 15x ² y ⁴ -y ⁶ )
+ c23 (6x ⁶ -30x ⁴ y ² -30x ² y ⁴ + 6y ⁶ -5x ⁴ + 30x ² y ² -5y ⁴ )
+ c24 (15x ⁶ + 15x ⁴ y ² -15x ² y ⁴ -15y ⁶ -20x ⁴ + 20y ⁴ + 6x ² -6y ² )
+ c25 (20x ⁶ + 60x ⁴ y ² + 60x ² y ⁴ + 20y ⁶ -30x ⁴ -60x ² y ² -30y ⁴ + 12x ² + 12y ² -1)

  Here, when r is a basic curvature radius of each surface, c is c = 1 / r. Further, ci is an aspheric coefficient of the i-th Zernike polynomial on each surface. In the above equation, y has not only even-order terms but also odd-order terms, whereas x has only even-order terms. This means that the surface represented by this formula has a symmetrical shape only with respect to the YZ plane (one plane).

  The following is data of numerical examples 1 and 2 according to the above definition.

(Numerical example 1)
Numerical examples of illumination system Elliptical mirror shape and position a = 13.300 mm
b = 10.407 mm
α = 28 °
θ = 96.587 °
Δt1 = 0.600mm
Δt2 = 0.600mm
Numerical value of formula (1): 1 ≦ 3 (= n) ≦ 20

Numerical Example of Observation Optical System fx (focal length in X direction) = 19.118 mm
fy (focal length in Y direction) = 19.376 mm
wx (half angle of view in X direction) = 14.6 °
wy (half angle of view in Y direction) = 11.1 °
prism n (refractive index of prism lens) = 1.571

S1 r: ∞ d: 31.61 n: 1.0000

S2 dY -61.22 dZ 31.61 Tilt -4.58
r: -387.806
c4: -4.885e-04 c5: -3.769e-04 c9: -4.612e-07
c10: -1.599e-06 c11: 2.735e-08 c12: 1.302e-09
c13: -2.524e-09 c19: -1.755e-11 c20: 2.857e-12
c21: 3.613e-10 c22: -4.584e-12 c23: -1.324e-13
c24: 9.690e-14 c25: -2.070e-13

S3 dY -5.89 dZ 37.23 Tilt -23.86
r: -62.575
c4: -1.293e-03 c5: -1.070e-03 c9: -3.652e-06
c10: -9.954e-06 c11: 3.326e-07 c12: -6.316e-07
c13: 9.565e-08 c19: -1.707e-08 c20: 1.741e-08
c21: -1.442e-08 c22: -2.759e-10 c23: 3.529e-10
c24: -2.403e-11 c25: 1.781e-10

S4 dY -61.22 dZ 31.61 Tilt -4.58
r: -387.806
c4: -4.885e-04 c5: -3.769e-04 c9: -4.612e-07
c10: -1.599e-06 c11: 2.735e-08 c12: 1.302e-09
c13: -2.524e-09 c19: -1.755e-11 c20: 2.857e-12
c21: 3.613e-10 c22: -4.584e-12 c23: -1.324e-13
c24: 9.690e-14 c25: -2.070e-13

S5 dY 8.08 dZ 46.89 Tilt 44.96
r: -185.986
c4: 1.348e-02 c5: -5.340e-03 c9: -5.793e-05
c10: -2.757e-04 c11: -1.124e-05 c12: -8.225e-06
c13: 6.202e-07 c19: -1.004e-07 c20: -2.030e-07
c21: -4.138e-07 c22: 0.000e + 00 c23: 0.000e + 00
c24: 0.000e + 00 c25: 0.000e + 00

S6 dY 12.95 dZ 42.02 Tilt -62.17
S6 r: ∞ d: 0.20 n: 1.0000

S7 dY 13.13 dZ 41.92 Tilt 66.50
S7 r: ∞ d: 6.00 n: 1.6968

S8 dY 18.43 dZ 39.12 Tilt 37.65
S8 r: ∞ d: 0.30 n: 1.0000
S9 r: ∞ d: 1.76 n: 1.5230
S10 r: ∞ d: 0.00 n: 1.0000

Here, Si (i = 1 to 10) represents the three surfaces of the prism lens, the two surfaces of the illumination prism, and the image of the panel in the order in which light rays pass when the back trace is made from the observer's eye as shown in FIG. Show the surface. Further, fx is a value corresponding to the focal length of the prism lens in the x direction, and an incident angle θ of incident light from an object at infinity and an image formed by the light beam on the panel in a reverse trace from the observer's eye. From high xm,
fx = xm / tan θ
Here, it is simply referred to as a focal length. Further, fy is the focal length in the y direction, and is calculated in the same manner as the focal length in the x direction. However, since the focal length differs between the upper side and the lower side of the panel, the image height ym on the upper side of the panel and the image height on the lower side of the panel are calculated. The average value of the focal lengths obtained from -ym '.

(Numerical example 2)
Numerical examples of illumination system Elliptical mirror shape and position a = 13.300 mm
b = 10.407 mm
α = 28 °
θ = 96.587 °
Δt1 = 0.600mm
Δt2 = 0.600mm
Numerical value of formula (1): 1 ≦ 18 (= n) ≦ 20

Numerical Example of Observation Optical System fx (focal length in x direction) = 23.719 mm
fy (focal length in y direction) = 23.390 mm
wx (half angle of view in the X direction) = 15.4 °
wy (half angle of view in Y direction) = 11.7 °
prism n (refractive index of prism lens) = 1.571

1 r: ∞ d: 36.35 n: 1.0000

2 dY -58.87 dZ 36.35 Tilt -4.71
r: -409.214
c4: -5.343e-04 c5: -3.548e-04 c9: -3.484e-07
c10: -1.992e-06 c11: 2.842e-08 c12: 1.201e-09
c13: -2.100e-09 c19: -1.693e-11 c20: 1.842e-12
c21: 3.122e-10 c22: -2.539e-12 c23: -2.553e-13
c24: 1.075e-13 c25: -2.137e-13

3 dY -4.45 dZ 43.04 Tilt -25.30
r: -68.354
c4: -1.078e-03 c5: -6.913e-04 c9: 1.195e-06
c10: -7.415e-06 c11: 2.048e-08 c12: 2.542e-08
c13: -1.032e-07 c19: -1.570e-09 c20: 1.335e-09
c21: -3.330e-09 c22: -9.492e-12 c23: 1.165e-10
c24: -5.147e-11 c25: 4.571e-11

4 dY -58.87 dZ 36.35 Tilt -4.71
r: -409.214
c4: -5.343e-04 c5: -3.548e-04 c9: -3.484e-07
c10: -1.992e-06 c11: 2.842e-08 c12: 1.201e-09
c13: -2.100e-09 c19: -1.693e-11 c20: 1.842e-12
c21: 3.122e-10 c22: -2.539e-12 c23: -2.553e-13
c24: 1.075e-13 c25: -2.137e-13

5 dY 15.27 dZ 50.91 Tilt 49.20
r: -144.671
c4: 1.554e-02 c5: -5.979e-03 c9: 8.308e-05
c10: -3.968e-04 c11: -1.261e-05 c12: -1.234e-05
c13: 2.239e-06 c19: -1.520e-07 c20: 1.719e-07
c21: 1.028e-07 c22: 0.000e + 00 c23: 0.000e + 00
c24: 0.000e + 00 c25: 0.000e + 00

6 dY 21.16 dZ 44.09 Tilt 46.51
6 r: ∞ d: 3.68 n: 1.0000
7 r: ∞ d: 1.10 n: 1.5160
8 r: ∞ d: 0.00 n: 1.0000

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the illuminance distribution on the panel in the illumination system of the numerical value example 1. FIG. The horizontal axis shows the length of the side on the panel, the solid line is the illuminance distribution on the straight line in the long side direction passing through the panel center, the dotted line is the illuminance distribution on the straight line in the short side direction passing through the panel center, and the vertical axis is The relative value of illuminance is shown.

  14 and 15 are a lateral aberration diagram and a distortion diagram in the observation optical system of Numerical Example 1, respectively, and the lateral aberration diagram shows aberration in the x direction and aberration in the y direction.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the illuminance distribution on the panel in the illumination system of the numerical value example 2. The horizontal and vertical axes are the same as in FIG.

  FIGS. 17 and 18 are a lateral aberration diagram and a distortion diagram in the observation optical system of Numerical Example 2, respectively, and the lateral aberration diagram shows aberration in the x direction and aberration in the y direction.

(Second Embodiment)
The second embodiment is an embodiment in which diffusivity is given in addition to the elliptical mirror.

  FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the seventh embodiment. 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 2 is an elliptical mirror, 20 is a diffusion plate, 3 is a first polarizing plate, 4 is a light shielding member, and 5 is a light shielding member. An illumination prism, 6 is a panel as an image display means, 7 is a second polarizing plate, 8 is a prism lens, and 9 is an observer's eye. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 is incident on the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2, reflected by the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2 toward the illumination prism 5, is incident on the diffusion plate 20, is transmitted and diffused, and is first. After passing through the polarizing plate 3, some of the light is blocked by the light blocking member 4, and the other light enters the illumination prism 5 from the first surface 10. The light incident on the illumination prism 5 is totally reflected by the third surface 11 toward the panel 6, passes through the second surface 12, and is guided to the panel 6. The light guided to the panel 6 is image-modulated and reflected by the panel 6, enters the illumination prism 5 again as image light from the second surface 12, passes through the third surface 11, and then passes through the second surface 11. The light passes through the polarizing plate 7 and reaches the prism lens 8.

  The illumination prism 5 is disposed between the prism lens 8 and the panel 6, and the third surface 11 on the prism lens 8 side and the second surface 12 on the panel 6 side are configured at a predetermined angle. In this illumination prism 5, the illumination light and the image light partially pass through the same region between the surfaces 11 and 12.

  The prism lens 8 of the present embodiment has three surfaces, and the light reflected by the panel 6 and transmitted through the illumination prism 5 is transmitted through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, and the second and third surfaces 14. , 15, and after passing through the second surface 14, reaches the observer's eye 9.

  FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the effects of the elliptical mirror 2 and the diffusion plate 20 that guide the light emitted from the light source 1 to the panel 6 side. The light emitted from the light source 1 disposed at the first focal position of the elliptical mirror 2 is reflected to the panel 6 side by the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2, is transmitted and diffused through the diffusion plate 20, and is first incident on the illumination prism 5. Is incident from the surface 10, is totally reflected by the third surface 11 toward the panel 6, passes through the second surface 12, and is guided to the panel 6.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 21, unnecessary light that illuminates the panel 6 by multiple reflection in the illumination prism 5 by the light shielding member 4 disposed between the diffuser plate 20 and the illumination prism 5, and the illumination prism 5 Unnecessary light that passes through the third surface 11 without being totally reflected and reaches the prism lens and enters the eyes of the observer is cut off.

Here, the diffusibility of the diffuser plate 20 is defined as the angle formed from the vertical direction of light emitted when a light beam is incident in parallel with the vertical direction of the diffuser plate, and θ representing the intensity of the emitted light with respect to the incident light. When the ratio is cos ⁿ θ,
1 ≦ n ≦ 15 (2)
To be satisfied. FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the diffusivity of the diffusing plate 20. When n is as small as 1, the diffusibility is very high, and when n is as large as 20, the diffusivity is very low. Yes. When n is less than the lower limit of the formula (2), the diffusibility of the diffuser plate 20 is increased, so that the panel 6 can be illuminated uniformly, but the illumination efficiency with which the light source 1 illuminates the panel 6 is reduced, The image becomes dark overall. Further, when n exceeds the upper limit value of the expression (2), the diffusivity of the diffusion plate 20 is weak, so that the center of the image becomes very bright, while the image edge becomes very dark and the illuminance unevenness on the panel 6 becomes large. End up.

  Further, at this time, a color sequential method is used in which the LED corresponding to each color light of RGB is sequentially emitted as the light source 1, and the LEDs of each color are arranged apart by 0.53 mm. The light source image is separated on the observer's pupil, and when the image is viewed, a red region, a green region, and a blue region exist depending on the location of the image.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 19, it is preferable to dispose unnecessary light that does not illuminate the panel 6 by disposing the light shielding member 4 on the first surface 10 of the illumination prism 5.

  FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the eighth embodiment, where 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 2 is an elliptical mirror, 21 is a convex lens having a surface on the elliptical mirror 2 side as a diffusion surface 21a, and 3 is a first lens. 4 is a light shielding member, 5 is an illumination prism, 6 is a panel as an image display means, 7 is a second polarizing plate, 8 is a prism lens, and 9 is an eye of an observer. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 enters the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2, is reflected toward the illumination prism 5 by the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror 2, enters the convex lens 21 having the diffusion surface 21a, and is transmitted and diffused. Then, after passing through the first polarizing plate 3, some light is blocked by the light blocking member 4, and other light enters the illumination prism 5 from the first surface 10. The light incident on the illumination prism 5 is totally reflected by the third surface 11 toward the panel 6, passes through the second surface 12, and is guided to the panel 6. The light guided to the panel 6 is image-modulated and reflected by the panel 6, enters the illumination prism 5 again as image light from the second surface 12, passes through the third surface 11, and then passes through the second surface 11. The light passes through the polarizing plate 7 and reaches the prism lens 8.

  The illumination prism 5 is disposed between the prism lens 8 and the panel 6, and the third surface 11 on the prism lens 8 side and the second surface 12 on the panel 6 side are configured at a predetermined angle. In this illumination prism 5, the illumination light and the image light partially pass through the same region between the surfaces 11 and 12.

  The prism lens 8 of the present embodiment has three surfaces, and the light reflected by the panel 6 and transmitted through the illumination prism 5 is transmitted through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, and the second and third surfaces 14. , 15, and after passing through the second surface 14, reaches the observer's eye 9.

  FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the convex lens 21 having the elliptical mirror 2 and the diffusing surface 21a for guiding the light emitted from the light source 1 to the panel 6 side. The light emitted from the light source 1 arranged at the first focal position of the elliptical mirror 2 is reflected to the panel 6 side by the reflection surface of the elliptical mirror 2, enters the convex lens 21 having the diffusion surface 21a, and is reflected by the diffusion surface 21a. While being diffused, it is refracted toward the center of the panel 6 by the positive refractive power of the convex lens 21 and guided to the illumination prism 5 side. The light guided to the illumination prism 5 side enters the illumination prism 5 from the first surface 10, is totally reflected toward the panel 6 side by the third surface 11, passes through the second surface 12, Guided to panel 6.

Here, the diffusibility of the diffusing surface 21a of the convex lens 21 is defined as θ, which is an angle formed from the optical axis of light emitted when a light beam is incident along the optical axis of the convex lens 21, and the emitted light with respect to the incident light. When the intensity ratio is cos ⁿ θ, Equation (2) is satisfied.

  Further, the arrangement of the light shielding member is the same as that of the seventh embodiment.

  FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the ninth embodiment, in which 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 24 is a convex lens, 25 is a convex lens with a surface 25a opposite to the light source side as a diffusion surface, 26 is a plane mirror, 3 is a first polarizing plate, 4 is a light shielding member, 5 is an illumination prism, 6 is a panel as an image display means, 7 is a second polarizing plate, 8 is a prism lens, and 9 is an eye of an observer. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 is converted into parallel light by the convex lens 24, is incident on the convex lens 25 having diffusibility, is transmitted and diffused, and is reflected toward the panel 6 by the flat mirror 26. The light reflected toward the panel 6 is transmitted through the first polarizing plate 3, part of the light is blocked by the light blocking member 4, and the other light enters the illumination prism 5 from the first surface 10, The third surface 11 is totally reflected toward the panel 6, passes through the second surface 12, and is guided to the panel 6. The light guided to the panel 6 is image-modulated and reflected by the panel 6, enters the illumination prism 5 again as image light from the second surface 12, passes through the third surface 11, and then passes through the second surface 11. The light passes through the polarizing plate 7 and reaches the prism lens 8.

  The illumination prism 5 is disposed between the prism lens 8 and the panel 6, and the third surface 11 on the prism lens 8 side and the second surface 12 on the panel 6 side are configured at a predetermined angle. In this illumination prism 5, the illumination light and the image light partially pass through the same region between the surfaces 11 and 12.

  The prism lens 8 of the present embodiment has three surfaces, and the light reflected by the panel 6 and transmitted through the illumination prism 5 is transmitted through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, and the second and third surfaces 14. , 15, and after passing through the second surface 14, reaches the observer's eye 9.

  Here, the diffusibility of the diffusing surface 25a of the convex lens 25 is the same as that of the eighth embodiment.

  Further, the arrangement of the light shielding member is the same as that of the seventh embodiment.

  FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the tenth embodiment. 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 24 is a convex lens, 26 is a plane mirror, 25 is a convex lens having a light source side surface 25a as a diffusing surface, The first polarizing plate, 4 is a light shielding member, 5 is an illumination prism, 6 is a panel as image display means, 7 is a second polarizing plate, 8 is a prism lens, and 9 is an eye of an observer. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 is converted into parallel light by the convex lens 24, is incident on the plane mirror 26, is reflected on the panel 6 side by the plane mirror 26, is incident on the convex lens 25 having diffusivity, and is transmitted and diffused. The light passes through the first polarizing plate 3, enters the illumination prism 5 from the first surface 10, is totally reflected by the third surface 11 toward the panel 6, passes through the second surface 12, and passes through the panel 6. Led. The light guided to the panel 6 is image-modulated and reflected by the panel 6, enters the illumination prism 5 again as image light from the second surface 12, passes through the third surface 11, and then passes through the second surface 11. The light passes through the polarizing plate 7 and reaches the prism lens 8.

  The illumination prism 5 is disposed between the prism lens 8 and the panel 6, and the third surface 11 on the prism lens 8 side and the second surface 12 on the panel 6 side are configured at a predetermined angle. In this illumination prism 5, the illumination light and the image light partially pass through the same region between the surfaces 11 and 12.

  The prism lens 8 of the present embodiment has three surfaces, and the light reflected by the panel 6 and transmitted through the illumination prism 5 is transmitted through the first surface 12 of the prism lens 8, and the second and third surfaces 14. , 15, and after passing through the second surface 14, reaches the observer's eye 9.

  Here, the diffusibility of the diffusing surface 25a of the convex lens 25 is the same as that of the eighth embodiment.

  Further, the arrangement of the light shielding member is the same as that of the seventh embodiment.

  FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the eleventh embodiment, in which 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 24 is a first convex lens, 26 is a plane mirror in which a reflecting surface 26a is diffused, and 25 is a second mirror. 3 is a first polarizing plate, 4 is a light shielding member, 5 is an illumination prism, 6 is a panel as an image display means, 7 is a second polarizing plate, 8 is a prism lens, and 9 is an eye of an observer. is there. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 is converted into parallel light by the convex lens 24, reflected and diffused toward the panel 6 side by the diffusion surface 26 a of the flat mirror 26, enters the second convex lens 25, and enters the center of the panel 6. The light is refracted, passes through the first polarizing plate 3, and enters the illumination prism 5 from the first surface 10. The light incident on the illumination prism 5 is totally reflected by the third surface 11 toward the panel 5, passes through the second surface 12, and is guided to the panel 6. The light guided to the panel 6 is image-modulated and reflected by the panel 6, enters the illumination prism 5 again as image light from the second surface 12, passes through the third surface 11, and then passes through the second surface 11. The light passes through the polarizing plate 7 and reaches the prism lens 8.

  The illumination prism 5 is disposed between the prism lens 8 and the panel 6, and the third surface 11 on the prism lens 8 side and the second surface 12 on the panel 6 side are configured at a predetermined angle. In this illumination prism 5, the illumination light and the image light partially pass through the same region between the surfaces 11 and 12.

  The prism lens 8 of the present embodiment has three surfaces, and the light reflected by the panel 6 and transmitted through the illumination prism 5 is transmitted through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, and the second and third surfaces 14. , 15, and after passing through the second surface 14, reaches the observer's eye 9.

  Here, the diffusibility of the diffusing surface 26a of the flat mirror 26 is the same as in the eighth embodiment.

  Further, the arrangement of the light shielding member is the same as that of the seventh embodiment.

  FIG. 28 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the twelfth embodiment, wherein 1 is a light source that emits RGB light, 24 is a convex lens, 25 is a convex lens with a surface 25a on the light source 1 side as a diffusing surface, 27 is a spherical mirror, 3 Is a first polarizing plate, 4 is a light shielding member, 5 is an illumination prism, 6 is a panel as image display means, 7 is a second polarizing plate, 8 is a prism lens, and 9 is an eye of an observer. The dotted line in the figure is a view seen from the direction of the arrow in the figure.

  The light emitted from the light source 1 is converted into parallel light by the convex lens 24, is incident on the convex lens 25 having a diffusing surface, is transmitted and diffused, is emitted, is incident on the spherical mirror 27, and is reflected toward the panel 6 side. The The light reflected toward the panel 6 side passes through the first polarizing plate 3, enters the illumination prism 5 from the first surface 10, and is totally reflected toward the panel 5 on the third surface 11, The light passes through the second surface 12 and is guided to the panel 6. The light guided to the panel 6 is image-modulated and reflected by the panel 6, enters the illumination prism 5 again as image light from the second surface 12, passes through the third surface 11, and then passes through the second surface 11. The light passes through the polarizing plate 7 and reaches the prism lens 8.

  The illumination prism 5 is disposed between the prism lens 8 and the panel 6, and the third surface 11 on the prism lens 8 side and the second surface 12 on the panel 6 side are configured at a predetermined angle. In this illumination prism 5, the illumination light and the image light partially pass through the same region between the surfaces 11 and 12.

  The prism lens 8 of the present embodiment has three surfaces, and the light reflected by the panel 6 and transmitted through the illumination prism 5 is transmitted through the first surface 13 of the prism lens 8, and the second and third surfaces 14. , 15, and after passing through the second surface 14, reaches the observer's eye 9.

  Here, the diffusibility of the diffusing surface 25a of the convex lens 25 is the same as that of the eighth embodiment.

  Further, the arrangement of the light shielding member is the same as that of the seventh embodiment.

  Next, numerical examples of the second embodiment will be described.

(Numerical Example 3)
Numerical examples of illumination system Elliptical mirror shape and position a = 13.300 mm
b = 10.407 mm
α = 28 °
θ = 96.587 °
Δt1 = 0.600mm
Δt2 = 0.600mm
Diffusibility of diffusion plate Numerical value of formula (2): 1 ≦ 13 (= n) ≦ 15

Numerical Example of Observation Optical System fx (focal length in X direction) = 19.118 mm
fy (focal length in Y direction) = 19.376 mm
wx (half angle of view in X direction) = 14.6 °
wy (half angle of view in Y direction) = 11.1 °
prism n (refractive index of prism lens) = 1.571

S1 r: ∞ d: 31.61 n: 1.0000

S2 dY -61.22 dZ 31.61 Tilt -4.58
r: -387.806
c4: -4.885e-04 c5: -3.769e-04 c9: -4.612e-07
c10: -1.599e-06 c11: 2.735e-08 c12: 1.302e-09
c13: -2.524e-09 c19: -1.755e-11 c20: 2.857e-12
c21: 3.613e-10 c22: -4.584e-12 c23: -1.324e-13
c24: 9.690e-14 c25: -2.070e-13

S3 dY -5.89 dZ 37.23 Tilt -23.86
r: -62.575
c4: -1.293e-03 c5: -1.070e-03 c9: -3.652e-06
c10: -9.954e-06 c11: 3.326e-07 c12: -6.316e-07
c13: 9.565e-08 c19: -1.707e-08 c20: 1.741e-08
c21: -1.442e-08 c22: -2.759e-10 c23: 3.529e-10
c24: -2.403e-11 c25: 1.781e-10

S4 dY -61.22 dZ 31.61 Tilt -4.58
r: -387.806
c4: -4.885e-04 c5: -3.769e-04 c9: -4.612e-07
c10: -1.599e-06 c11: 2.735e-08 c12: 1.302e-09
c13: -2.524e-09 c19: -1.755e-11 c20: 2.857e-12
c21: 3.613e-10 c22: -4.584e-12 c23: -1.324e-13
c24: 9.690e-14 c25: -2.070e-13

S5 dY 8.08 dZ 46.89 Tilt 44.96
r: -185.986
c4: 1.348e-02 c5: -5.340e-03 c9: -5.793e-05
c10: -2.757e-04 c11: -1.124e-05 c12: -8.225e-06
c13: 6.202e-07 c19: -1.004e-07 c20: -2.030e-07
c21: -4.138e-07 c22: 0.000e + 00 c23: 0.000e + 00
c24: 0.000e + 00 c25: 0.000e + 00

S6 dY 12.95 dZ 42.02 Tilt -62.17
S6 r: ∞ d: 0.20 n: 1.0000

S7 dY 13.13 dZ 41.92 Tilt 66.50
S7 r: ∞ d: 6.00 n: 1.6968

S8 dY 18.43 dZ 39.12 Tilt 37.65
S8 r: ∞ d: 0.30 n: 1.0000
S9 r: ∞ d: 1.76 n: 1.5230
S10 r: ∞ d: 0.00 n: 1.0000

(Numerical example 4)
Numerical examples of illumination system Elliptical mirror shape and position a = 13.300 mm
b = 10.407 mm
α = 28 °
θ = 96.587 °
Δt1 = 0.600mm
Δt2 = 0.600mm
Convex lens shape Radius of curvature on the elliptical mirror side: 7.0mm
Panel side curvature radius: 7.0mm
Wall thickness: 1.25mm
Glass material: S-BSL7 (OHARA)
Effective diameter: 5.0mm
Diffusivity of diffusing surface of convex lens Numerical value of formula (2): 1 ≦ 2 (= n) ≦ 15

Numerical Example of Observation Optical System fx (focal length in X direction) = 17.778 mm
fy (focal length in Y direction) = 19.011 mm
wx (half angle of view in X direction) = 15.0 °
wy (half angle of view in Y direction) = 11.2 °
prism n (refractive index of prism lens) = 1.571

S1 r: ∞ d: 24.44 n: 1.0000

S2 dY -66.11 dZ 24.44 Tilt -6.97
r: -460.248
c4: -9.304e-04 c5: -3.211e-04 c9: 3.394e-07
c10: -7.294e-06 c11: 8.999e-08 c12: -3.540e-09
c13: -1.663e-09 c19: -4.677e-11 c20: -4.003e-12
c21: 7.951e-10 c22: -2.935e-12 c23: -1.193e-12
c24: 7.284e-13 c25: -6.250e-13

S3 dY -2.25 dZ 36.72 Tilt -29.69
r: -51.494
c4: -1.601e-03 c5: -2.139e-03 c9: -6.666e-06
c10: -8.173e-06 c11: 5.438e-08 c12: -3.901e-07
c13: -3.012e-07 c19: -1.203e-08 c20: 2.125e-09
c21: -6.631e-09 c22: -2.517e-10 c23: 1.007e-10
c24: -1.856e-10 c25: -4.149e-11

S4 dY -66.11 dZ 24.44 Tilt -6.97
r: -460.248
c4: -9.304e-04 c5: -3.211e-04 c9: 3.394e-07
c10: -7.294e-06 c11: 8.999e-08 c12: -3.540e-09
c13: -1.663e-09 c19: -4.677e-11 c20: -4.003e-12
c21: 7.951e-10 c22: -2.935e-12 c23: -1.193e-12
c24: 7.284e-13 c25: -6.250e-13

S5 dY 10.37 dZ 42.98 Tilt 40.94
r: -212.022
c4: 1.936e-02 c5: -4.534e-03 c9: -6.159e-04
c10: -7.698e-04 c11: -5.875e-05 c12: -5.283e-06
c13: 2.545e-05 c19: -2.037e-07 c20: 2.618e-07
c21: 1.569e-06 c22: 0.000e + 00 c23: 0.000e + 00
c24: 0.000e + 00 c25: 0.000e + 00

S6 dY 16.94 dZ 37.28 Tilt 48.13
S6 r: ∞ d: -1.78 n: 1.0000

S7 dY 15.61 dZ 36.09 Tilt 64.39
S7 r: ∞ d: 3.34 n: 1.5163

S8 dY 18.10 dZ 38.32 Tilt 34.39
S8 r: ∞ d: 0.10 n: 1.0000
S9 r: ∞ d: 1.10 n: 1.5230
S10 r: ∞ d: 0.00 n: 1.0000

  FIG. 29 is a diagram showing the illuminance distribution on the panel in the illumination system of the numerical value example 3. The horizontal and vertical axes are the same as in FIG.

  30 and 31 are a lateral aberration diagram and a distortion diagram in the observation optical system of Numerical Example 3, respectively, and the lateral aberration diagram shows aberration in the x direction and aberration in the y direction.

  FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating the illuminance distribution on the panel in the illumination system of the numerical value example 4. The horizontal and vertical axes are the same as in FIG.

  33 and 34 are a lateral aberration diagram and a distortion diagram, respectively, in the observation optical system of Numerical Example 2. The lateral aberration diagram shows the aberration in the x direction and the aberration in the y direction.

1 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an optical action of the elliptical mirror having diffusibility according to the first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of an effect | action of the elliptical mirror which has a diffusivity of Example 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the diffusivity given to the reflective surface of an elliptical mirror. 6 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the optical effect | action of the convex lens in Example 2, and the elliptical mirror which has a diffusivity. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 3. 6 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 4. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 5. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 6. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of an elliptical mirror shape and a light source position. It is explanatory drawing of the absolute coordinate system of an observation optical system, and a local coordinate system. 3 is an illuminance distribution diagram on a panel of an illumination system of Numerical Example 1. FIG. FIG. 6 is a lateral aberration diagram on the panel when reverse tracing is performed from the observer's eye of the observation optical system in Numerical Example 1. FIG. 6 is a distortion diagram of an image on a panel when reverse tracing is performed from the observer's eye of the observation optical system of Numerical Example 1. It is an illuminance distribution diagram on the panel of the illumination system of Numerical Example 2. FIG. 12 is a lateral aberration diagram on the panel when reverse tracing is performed from the observer's eye of the observation optical system in Numerical Example 2. FIG. 10 is a distortion diagram of an image on a panel when reverse tracing is performed from the observer's eye of the observation optical system of Numerical Example 2. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 7. It is explanatory drawing of the optical effect | action of the elliptical mirror of Example 7, and a diffusion plate. It is explanatory drawing of the optical effect | action of the elliptical mirror of Example 7, and a diffusion plate. It is explanatory drawing of the diffusivity of a diffusion plate. 10 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 8. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the optical effect | action of the elliptical mirror of Example 8, and the convex lens which has a diffusion surface. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 9. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 10. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 11. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of an observation optical system of Example 12. It is an illuminance distribution diagram on the panel of the illumination system of Numerical Example 3. FIG. 10 is a transverse aberration diagram on a panel when reverse tracing is performed from the observer's eye of the observation optical system in Numerical Example 3. FIG. 10 is a distortion diagram of an image on a panel when reverse tracing is performed from the observer's eye of the observation optical system of Numerical Example 3. It is an illuminance distribution diagram on the panel of the illumination system of Numerical Example 4. FIG. 10 is a transverse aberration diagram on a panel when reverse tracing is performed from the observer's eye of the observation optical system in Numerical Example 4. FIG. 10 is a distortion diagram of an image on a panel when reverse tracing is performed from the observer's eye of the observation optical system of Numerical Example 4.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light source 2 Elliptical mirror 3 1st polarizing plate 4 Light-shielding member 5 Illumination prism 6 Panel 7 2nd polarizing plate 8 Prism lens 9 Eye of observer 20 Diffusion plate

Claims (11)

  A light source, an image display element, a reflecting member that reflects light emitted from the light source toward the image display element, and observation optics that guides light modulated by the image display element to the eyes of an observer An image display system, wherein the reflecting surface of the reflecting member has diffusivity. Regarding the diffusibility of the reflecting member, the angle formed from the vertical direction of light reflected when a light beam is incident from the vertical direction of the reflecting surface is θ, and the ratio of the intensity of the reflected light to the incident light is cos ⁿ θ. and when,
1 ≦ n ≦ 20
The image display system according to claim 1, wherein the following condition is satisfied.   The reflecting member is an elliptical mirror, the first focal position of the elliptical mirror is set to the position of the light source, and the second focal position of the elliptical mirror is set to a position optically equivalent to the center of the image display element. The image display system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein   4. The image display system according to claim 2, wherein the diffusivity of the elliptical mirror varies depending on the area of the reflecting surface.   5. The image display system according to claim 4, wherein the diffusivity of the reflecting surface of the elliptical mirror is such that the diffusivity of the region far from the light source in the reflecting surface is higher than the diffusivity of the near region.   A light source, an image display element, an elliptical mirror that reflects light emitted from the light source toward the image display element, a diffusion member that diffuses the light reflected by the elliptical mirror, and an image by the image display element An image display system comprising: an observation optical system that guides modulated light to an eye of an observer, and the light source is disposed at a first focal position of the elliptical mirror. The diffusibility of the diffusing member is such that the angle formed from the vertical direction of light emitted when light is incident parallel to the vertical direction of the diffusing member is θ, and the ratio of the intensity of the emitted light to the incident light is cos. ^{where n} θ is
1 ≦ n ≦ 15
The image display system according to claim 7, wherein the following condition is satisfied.   A light source, an image display element, a first convex lens that converts light emitted from the light source into parallel light, a second convex lens that diffuses the parallel light and guides it toward the image display element, An image display system comprising: an observation optical system that guides light that has undergone image modulation by the image display element to the eyes of an observer. The diffusibility of the second convex lens is the ratio of the intensity of the emitted light to the incident light, where θ is the angle formed from the vertical direction of the light emitted when the light is incident parallel to the vertical direction of the diffusing member. Is cos ⁿ θ,
1 ≦ n ≦ 15
The image display system according to claim 8, wherein the following condition is satisfied.   A light source, an image display element, a first convex lens that collimates light emitted from the light source, a reflecting member that diffuses and reflects the parallel light toward the image display element, and is reflected by the reflecting member An image display system comprising: a second convex lens for condensing the emitted light on the image display element; and an observation optical system for guiding the light modulated by the image display element to the eyes of the observer . The diffusivity of the reflecting member is defined as θ being the angle formed from the vertical direction of light emitted when light is incident parallel to the vertical direction of the diffusing member, and the ratio of the intensity of the emitted light to the incident light is cos. ^{where n} θ is
1 ≦ n ≦ 15
The image display system according to claim 10, wherein the following condition is satisfied.

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