JP2005520195A - Reflective lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reflective lamp as mentioned at the beginning, in which an optical property is hardly adversely affected by a rear part of a reflection part and / or other objects of the reflection part, or an adverse effect is not exerted at all.
A light source, particularly in the form of a high-pressure gas discharge lamp (high intensity discharge (HID) lamp or ultra-high performance (UHP) lamp), a main or secondary reflector (12), and a light source (22). A reflective lamp is described which essentially comprises a primary reflector (25) that can reflect the light through the light source (22) to the main reflector (12). The primary reflector (25) is an optically inactive area (eg, an area having no reflective properties) for the main reflector (12), for passing the lamp and / or for the clamping device of the lamp. Or a reflective region that adversely affects the radiation characteristics of the reflective lamp). Reflective lamps are particularly well suited for projection applications because of their high visibility. Furthermore, an economical assembly of the lamp is possible substantially automatically and accordingly.

Description

  The invention essentially consists of a light source, in particular in the form of a high-pressure gas discharge lamp (high intensity discharge (HID) lamp or ultra-high performance (UHP) lamp), a main reflector (secondary reflector), The present invention relates to a reflective lamp formed by a primary reflector used to reflect light to a main reflector.

  Such reflective lamps are particularly preferred for projection purposes because of their optical properties, and are described, for example, in Patent Document 1. The essential features of Patent Document 1 are, in particular, as high a visibility as possible and a radiation characteristic that makes the illumination of the projection surface as uniform as possible.

  Problems that may hinder the optimization of these properties are formed, for example, by clamping elements and / or by passing a lamp through the main reflector. These will result in light emitted from the light source being partially covered and / or incident on areas that are not reflective or have reflective properties that adversely affect the radiation characteristics of the reflective lamp.

  Reflector (a specific shape that has an optically active shape and supports the main reflector (reflective layer)) and neck (mainly the part for fastening the lamp) And a connection for distinguishing between them (the part through which the supply line passes) is useful. These two parts form a reflector body with a reflective opening or a light emitting opening.

  The lamp is aligned to the reflector body based on the shape of the main reflector during mounting, and then to achieve optimal optical properties or to achieve specific radiation characteristics ( It must be fixed in place (for example with lamp cement).

  The neck is sized so that the contained lamp can be properly aligned. This, on the one hand, takes into account the manufacturing tolerances of the reflector body and the lamp and, on the other hand, the actual light source (ie the discharge arc of the discharge lamp) is accurate in the discharge space for manufacturing engineering reasons. This must be done in view of the fact that it will not occupy a position defined and reproducible. Therefore, while the discharge arc is optically checked and the lamp is heated, the discharge arc has to be focused on the reflector, i.e. to the optimum position. . This means that the neck diameter or opening must be very large so that enough space is available for lamp adjustment.

  However, the neck diameter, ie the diameter of the neck opening, should be as small as possible for optical reasons so that the surface area available as a reflector is not lost too much. That is also required. This is especially true if the lamp is inserted relatively deeply into the reflector and thus comes close to the rear end of the reflector. In a normal parabolic reflector with a lamp having a focal length of about 7.5 mm and a discharge vessel with a diameter of about 9 mm, the discharge vessel is only about 3 mm away from the reflector surface. Will. Thus, a relatively large spatial angle of light emission is associated with a relatively small reflector surface. As a result, a large light loss may occur correspondingly. For this reason, the maximum allowable difference between the diameter of the rearmost opening of the reflector held for the lamp and the diameter of the lamp is usually about 1 mm. As a result, the space available for mounting and adjustment is still relatively small.

  The requirement that the neck opening must be small also makes adjustment and mounting automation more difficult. The lamp must be held at its rear end to allow alignment to a usable position. This usually requires the lamp to be introduced into the reflector body through a neck where it is impossible to give a small diameter, or the lamp to be inserted into the light emitting opening of the reflector. This means that after gripping at the front end, it must be gripped again at the rear end of the ramp. Both alternatives require significant mechanical consumption (which increases further with introduction) and relatively slow hardening of the lamp cement.

  A further problem is that the rearmost part of the reflector body (especially the reflector) may be manufactured with a less accurate geometry than the front part present in the area of the light emission window. . The reason is that, in the rear part of the reflector body, the wall thickness is further increased, and the neck and suitable fastening elements are further formed in the rear part of the reflector body. Such geometrical inaccuracies can be very disadvantageous because any irregularity of the back reflector has a relatively wide spatial angle associated with it. As a result, the irregularity of the rear reflecting part has a much stronger influence on the radiation characteristics than the irregularity of the front reflecting part.

German Patent Application No. 10151267

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a reflective lamp as mentioned at the outset, in which the optical properties are less likely to be adversely affected by the rear part of the reflector and / or other objects of the reflector, or not adversely affected at all. The purpose is to do.

  Furthermore, the present invention is inexpensive because of the relatively cheap mechanical expenditure, since it can be mounted and aligned automatically, without having to choose a structure where some of the effective reflector surfaces are no longer available. An object is to provide a reflective lamp.

  A further object is to provide a reflective lamp that is substantially free of light loss and that can be made much more compact in size than is possible with known reflective lamps.

  This object provides according to claim 1 at least a substantial reflection of the light source, the main or secondary reflector and the light part originating from the light source through the light source onto the main reflector. Achieved by a reflective lamp having at least one primary reflector that propagates in the direction of an area of the main reflector that is hidden by an optically inactive area of the main reflector or other object .

  An optically inactive area is an area that has no reflective properties or adversely affects the radiation characteristics of a reflective lamp, such as the neck reflector opening and possibly the end of the opening. It should be understood that it is a reflective region. Secondly, the reflectivity of the light portion essentially depends on the reflectivity of the selected reflective material and the accuracy of the shape and accuracy of the primary reflector.

  The advantage of this solution is that the reflector as described above does not increase the range of the light source (ie substantially the width of the radiation characteristic) so much that the reflective lamp is particularly suitable for projection purposes. That is. Thus, even if the primary reflector has a relatively large size, no matching problem will occur during insertion into the projection optical system.

  Furthermore, in order to enable automatic mounting of a lamp with a light source and / or to achieve a high degree of miniaturization without substantial loss of light due to at least a partial position of the lamp in the neck. And / or instead of lamp cement, the use of mechanical clamping means for the lamp which has the further advantage that the lamp can be clamped substantially more accurately, reliably and safely. In order to enable these areas (for example, areas in the form of necks) to be relatively large compared to known reflective lamps, the optically inactive areas are reflective lamps. The effects on the radiation characteristics of the are also at least largely eliminated.

  Eventually, the detrimental effect on the radiation characteristics of an object in the area of the main reflector, such as, for example, clamping elements, cooling means, etc., is that the (possibly further) primary reflector will have a position and size of the object. In view of this, it can be prevented by the present invention arranged.

  The dependent claims relate to advantageous further embodiments of the invention.

  Claims 2 and 3 relate to optically inactive areas or objects that can advantageously remove their adverse effects.

  The primary reflector according to claims 4 and 5 can be produced in a particularly simple, effective and inexpensive manner.

  The embodiment of claims 6 and 7 makes it possible to make the reflective lamp according to the invention particularly compact. Furthermore, the embodiment of claim 8 can be used particularly suitably for projection applications because of the intensity and configuration of the emitted light.

  Further details, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments, obtained with reference to the drawings.

  In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same elements or corresponding elements.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, the reflective lamp according to the present invention is always composed of a reflector body 1 and a lamp 2.

  The reflector body 1, on the other hand, comprises a reflector 11 on its inner wall that holds a reflector surface (main reflector or secondary reflector) 12 in the form of an optical reflector layer. The inner wall of the reflector body 1 is shaped such that the light of the lamp 2 is generated from the light emission opening of the reflector body 1 having the desired radiation characteristics. In general, this shape has a parabolic gradient (parabolic mirror), but instead of an elliptical type that is selected depending on the type of beam generation required for a given application. Shapes and other shapes are possible.

  The optical reflective layer is formed, for example, by one metal layer or by one or more dielectric layers located on the surface of the other layer.

  On the other hand, the reflector body 1 is provided with a neck portion for receiving and fixing the lamp 2 essentially at the rear end portion of the reflector body 1 opposite to the light emission opening.

  The lamp 2 shown here is a discharge space where the arc discharge that actually constitutes the light source 22 is excited between the two electrodes, and the first and second lamp ends 23 into which the supply current is introduced, And a gas discharge lamp provided with a burner 21 having 24. At least the first lamp end 23 extends through the neck 13 of the reflector body 1 in order to fix the lamp 2.

  Alternatively, an incandescent bulb or some other light source may be used.

  As can be seen in FIGS. 1 to 3, furthermore, the burner 21 of the lamp 2 is formed on its surface, for example, by a metal layer or a number of superimposed dielectric layers (multilayer chromatic filters), and An optical reflective layer (primary reflector) 25 is provided, such as reflector surface 12, provided by a known coating process.

  Here, this reflective layer, i.e. the coating 25, is present in the last half of the burner 21, i.e. in the part adjacent to the opening of the neck 13, and for example as shown in Figs. In the forward direction (in the direction of light emission), it extends to the “equator” of the burner 21, that is to the level of the geometrical center of the light source 22 (arc or incandescent coil).

  This coating 25 thus produces an optical function of the rearmost or hidden part of the reflector surface 12 that is at least substantially rich. Accordingly, the undesirable effect of the relative quality of the rearmost part of the reflector surface 12 on the radiation characteristics of the reflective lamp 2 is also at least substantially eliminated.

  As a result, the size of the opening in the neck 13 is no longer critical with respect to the loss of the reflector surface 12 described above. Accordingly, the size of the opening of the neck 13 can be made very large, and in particular, the lamp 2 can be introduced into the reflector body 1 from behind, and a sufficient space is provided for the lamp 2. Can be used for alignment. This also expands the possibility of automatically assembling the reflector body 1 and the possibility of adjusting it with relatively little expense.

  Furthermore, the rear end portion of the reflector main body 1 can be made considerably large more freely. For this reason, instead of lamp cement, for example, a suitable mechanically adjustable fastening element can be used for the lamp 2.

  The surface comprising the coating 25 originates from the light source 22 and the light incident on the coating 25 is at least substantially reflected towards itself and accordingly is directed through the light source 22 onto the reflector surface 12. Is conveniently molded as defined. This back reflection provides the further advantage that the extension of the light source 22 is not increased by reflection at the coating 25, i.e. the radiation properties of the light source 22 are not substantially magnified. For this reason, in particular in projection systems, additional adaptation problems will not arise when incorporating into an optical projection system.

  In the first embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1, the diameter of the neck 13 is adjustable at the first lamp end 23 of the lamp 2 and the lamp 2 can be adjusted in the manner required there. It is sized so that it can. However, in this case, the lamp 2 is inserted into the neck 13 by a conventional method through the light emitting opening of the reflector body 1. In this embodiment, the coating 25 is present at the beginning of the first lamp end 23, which is placed on the neck 13, and substantially at the “equator” (the geometrically central level of the light source 22) of the burner 21. Extending to the surface of the burner 21.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the neck 13 has a diameter such that the lamp 2 is inserted through the neck 13, ie from behind the reflector body 1.

  In the second embodiment of FIG. 2, a part of the burner 21 is placed inside the neck 13, and further, the reflective coating 25 is provided from the beginning of the first lamp end 23 existing inside the neck 13. Only a limited distance extends in the direction of the light emission opening of the reflector body 1. Thus, the reflective coating 25 is an opening in the neck 13 and an area that may have insufficient optical properties, wherever possible, the area of the reflector surface 12 that directly surrounds the opening. Is optically replaced.

  It is also clear from these examples that the rear part of the reflector surface 12 surrounding the opening of the neck 13 (relatively narrow part) is no longer necessary optically due to the coding 25. become.

  In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, not only the first lamp end 23 so that the geometric (virtual) continuation of the reflector surface 12 extends through the burner 21, Approximately half of the burner 21 is present inside the neck 13 of the reflector body 1.

  In the second embodiment, and in particular in the third embodiment, the focal length of the reflector 11 and the diameter of the burner 21 can be selected substantially independently of each other. There is. This gives the possibility of further miniaturization of the reflective lamp in the case of substantially the same light collection effect compared to known reflective lamps. Here, the focal length of the reflecting section 11 must be larger than the radius of the burner 21 in order to prevent light loss.

  Furthermore, all embodiments offer the possibility of providing a reflective coating 25 that is asymmetric, in particular non-rotary on the surface of the burner 21. This is especially true when further elements are present inside the reflector body 1 following the lamp 2, such as, for example, mounting elements, lamp contacts, ignition aids (eg antennas) or cooling devices. If you do, it may be convenient. In such a case, the end of the coating 25 will reflect while the coating 25 reflects light back to itself and the light is aimed through the light source 22 to a free area of the reflector surface 12. Should be mounted so that each element is hidden.

  Alternatively, further primary reflectors in the form of local coatings on the surface of the burner 21 may be arranged to correspond to the position and size of these objects.

A suitable combination of primary and secondary reflectors is disclosed in the cited publication DE 10151267 (Patent Document 1), which is incorporated herein by reference. Yes. Various reflective coatings and materials are described in the cited publications. The coating material corresponds as closely as possible to the material of the reflector 11 and the burner 21 to achieve these desired optical properties (eg, dichroic reflective coating) and as applicable. In order to achieve a thermal expansion coefficient, it is preferably configured. These materials are in particular SiO ₂ , TiO ₂ and / or ZrO ₂ and / or Ta ₂ O ₅ .

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a third embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1 Reflector body
2 Lamp
11 Reflector
12 Reflector surface (primary or secondary reflector)
13 neck
21 Burner
22 Light source
23 First lamp end
24 Second lamp end
25 Reflective layer (primary reflector), coating

Claims (9)

A light source;
A primary or secondary reflector,
Providing at least substantial reflection of light portions originating from the light source through the light source onto the main reflector and obscured by optically inactive regions of the main reflector or other objects A reflective lamp having at least one primary reflector that propagates in the direction of the region of the main reflector.   2. The reflective lamp according to claim 1, wherein the optically inactive region is formed by a through-hole of a main reflector provided with a lamp including the light source.   The reflective lamp of claim 1, wherein the object is a fastening means, a cooling means, an ignition means, or other means for providing activation and / or activation of the light source.   The reflective lamp according to claim 1, wherein the primary reflector is formed by an optical reflective coating provided on a surface of the lamp including the light source.   5. The reflective lamp according to claim 4, wherein the optical reflective coating is formed by a metal layer or a plurality of dielectric layers or a dichroic filter.   A reflector supporting the main reflector such that the geometric continuity of the main reflector passes through the burner of the lamp; and a neck portion for introducing the lamp comprising the light source; The reflective lamp according to claim 1, further comprising a reflector main body.   To introduce the lamp having the light source and the reflector supporting the main reflector such that the focal length of the main reflector is smaller than the radius of the burner of the housed lamp. The reflective lamp according to claim 1, further comprising a reflector body having a neck portion.   2. The reflective lamp according to claim 1, wherein the light source is an arc discharge of a high-pressure gas discharge lamp. Projection system comprising at least one reflective lamp according to any one of the preceding claims.

Images