JP2005349701A - Wastes treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste treatment apparatus which can recover liquid and a synthetic resin which were contents by separating them in the volume reducing treatment of synthetic resin waste containing the liquid or the contents liquefied by heat. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus has a treatment tank 1 housing the synthetic resin waste containing the liquid or the contents liquefied by heat, treatment tank heating means 3 and 13 for heating the treatment tank 1, a first recovery container 5 positioned below a discharge opening part 19 set in the bottom part of the treatment tank 1, and a second recovery container 7 positioned below a discharge opening part 23 set in the bottom part of the first recovery container 5. The treatment tank heating means 3 and 13 can adjust the treatment tank 1 at a first heating temperature where the synthetic resin of the waste housed in the treatment tank 1 is softened and destroyed and a second heating temperature which is higher than the first heating temperature and where the synthetic resin of the waste housed in the treatment tank 1 is fluidized. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus for reducing the volume of synthetic resin waste, and in particular, disposal for reducing the volume of synthetic resin waste containing liquid or heat-liquefied contents. The present invention relates to a material processing apparatus.

  As a waste treatment device that can reduce the volume of waste made of synthetic resin, a waste treatment device that reduces the volume by crushing the waste (for example, see Patent Document 1), the waste is treated by microwave irradiation and hot air circulation Waste disposal apparatuses that reduce volume by heating (for example, see Patent Document 2), waste disposal apparatuses that heat and dissolve waste with a heater to reduce volume (for example, refer to Patent Document 3), and the like have been proposed. Yes.

  In these conventional waste processing apparatuses, when performing volume reduction processing of the waste made of synthetic resin, compared with the waste processing apparatus that crushes the waste as in Patent Document 1, Patent Documents 2 and 3 A waste treatment apparatus that dissolves and reduces the volume of waste by heating as described above has a greater effect on volume reduction.

JP-A-6-78983 (page 4-5, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-57268 (page 4-5, FIG. 1) JP 7-108247 A (page 4, FIG. 6)

  By the way, wastes made of synthetic resin include, for example, containers made of synthetic resin bags and test tubes containing blood, culture solution, medicine, etc. in medical waste and biological waste, and agar. There is a waste made of synthetic resin containing contents that are liquefied by liquid or heat, such as a petri dish with a medium. In a waste treatment apparatus that reduces the volume of waste by heating, there is no problem because the liquid evaporates by heating as long as the liquid adheres to the surface of a container or the like that is made of synthetic resin waste. . However, in the case of synthetic resin waste containing contents liquefied by liquid or heat, it is not desirable that the contents remain or be mixed into the recovered synthetic resin when the recovered synthetic resin is reduced in volume. In addition, since the waste liquid made of synthetic resin is cooled by the evaporation of the liquid that is the contents, the energy consumption required for volume reduction treatment by heating increases. It is necessary to separate and recover the liquid and the synthetic resin.

  On the other hand, in waste disposal apparatuses such as Patent Documents 2 and 3, consideration is given to reducing the volume of synthetic resin waste that contains liquid or heat liquefied contents. In other words, the liquid and the synthetic resin that were the contents cannot be separated and recovered. Therefore, in the waste treatment apparatus as disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, it is necessary to take out the contents of the waste before the waste treatment apparatus processes the waste. For this reason, in the volume reduction processing of synthetic resin waste containing contents that are liquefied by liquid or heat, it is necessary to take out the contents of the waste before processing the waste by the waste processing apparatus. There is a need for a waste treatment apparatus that can separate and recover the liquid and the synthetic resin that were the contents.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to separate and recover a liquid and a synthetic resin, which are contents, in a volume reduction treatment of a synthetic resin waste containing contents that are liquefied by liquid or heat.

  The waste treatment apparatus of the present invention includes a treatment tank containing synthetic resin waste containing contents that are liquefied by liquid or heat, a treatment tank heating means for heating the treatment tank, and a bottom of the treatment tank. A first recovery container located below the provided outlet and a second recovery container located below the outlet provided at the bottom of the first recovery container; , Having a mounting table for placing waste on the bottom of the processing tank, the mounting table has a hole or gap through which the fluidized synthetic resin can pass, and the discharge port of the processing tank is The fluidized synthetic resin is provided below the mounting table, and the fluidized synthetic resin can pass therethrough. The discharge port of the first recovery container prevents the fluidized synthetic resin from passing through, and the treatment tank heating means is disposed in the treatment tank. A first heating temperature at which the synthetic resin of the waste to be contained is softened and destroyed, and the first heating Higher than degrees, synthetic resin waste accommodated in the processing bath is to solve the above problems by an adjustment configurable to a second heating temperature flowing.

  By setting it as such a structure, the waste made from the synthetic resin accommodated in the processing tank is first softened and destroyed by heating at a 1st heating temperature by a heating means. Thereby, the liquid in the waste flows out from the waste. The liquid that has flowed out passes through the mounting table and flows down from the discharge port of the processing tank to the first recovery container, and further flows down from the discharge port of the first recovery container to the second recovery container. It is collected in a collection container. Thereafter, the synthetic resin is dissolved and fluidized by heating at the second heating temperature by the heating means. The fluidized synthetic resin flows down from the discharge port of the treatment tank to the first recovery container, but does not flow out of the discharge port of the first recovery container and is reduced in volume to the first recovery container. To be recovered. Therefore, in the volume reduction processing of the synthetic resin waste containing the liquid or the contents liquefied by heat, the liquid and the synthetic resin that are the contents can be separated and recovered.

  The first heating temperature is 200 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower, and the second heating temperature is 300 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. or lower. Thereby, most synthetic resins having thermoplasticity can be reliably softened and broken at the first heating temperature, and can be fluidized reliably at the second heating temperature. Therefore, the liquid and the synthetic resin that are the contents can be more reliably separated.

  Furthermore, the discharge port portion of the first collection container is configured to be a slit-like hole or gap having a width of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less. As a result, leakage of the fluidized synthetic resin from the first recovery container to the second recovery container and blockage of the discharge port portion of the first recovery container with the synthetic resin in most synthetic resins having thermoplasticity Can be reliably suppressed, and the liquid and the synthetic resin which are the contents can be reliably separated.

  Moreover, the 1st collection container inclines in the state which the bottom face became low toward the discharge port part, and the discharge port part of the 1st collection container is 1 mm or more provided in the part of the bottom face which fell most. It is set as the structure which has a slit-shaped hole of the width of 3 mm or less. As a result, most of the synthetic resin having thermoplasticity leaks the synthetic resin from the first recovery container to the second recovery container, and the synthetic resin further blocks the discharge port of the first recovery container. While being able to suppress reliably, the liquid which remains in a 1st collection container can be reduced. Accordingly, it is possible to improve the separation ability between the liquid that was the contents and the synthetic resin.

  Furthermore, if it is configured to include a discharge port heating means for heating the discharge port portion of the treatment tank, the temperature of the synthetic resin decreases at the discharge port portion of the treatment tank, and the synthetic resin closes the discharge port portion of the treatment tank. Can be prevented.

  When the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is used for dry heat sterilization, the liquid in the waste is discharged from the treatment tank when the waste is softened and destroyed and flows out of the waste. End up. For this reason, if the contents of the waste contain potentially infectious materials, the liquid present in the waste cannot be heat-treated at the temperature required for dry heat sterilization for the required time. There is. Therefore, a configuration is provided in which a space heating means for heating the space containing the second collection container is provided. Thereby, even if the liquid in the treatment waste flows out of the waste and is discharged from the treatment tank, the space containing the second collection container is heated by the space heating means, and the second collection container The heat treatment necessary for dry heat sterilization of the liquid contained in can be supplemented.

  According to the present invention, in a volume reduction treatment of a synthetic resin waste containing a liquid or heat-liquefied content, the content liquid and the synthetic resin can be separated and recovered.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a waste treatment apparatus to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a schematic configuration of a waste treatment apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In the present embodiment, the description is given by taking as an example the case of reducing the volume of waste containing contents that may be infected, such as medical waste or waste generated by biological research. Do.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the waste treatment apparatus of the present embodiment is provided on the outer surface side of the treatment tank 1 for heating the treatment tank 1 containing the waste and the waste contained in the treatment tank 1. The processing tank heating heater 3, the first recovery container 5 disposed below the processing tank 1, and the second recovery container 7 disposed below the first recovery container 5 are provided. Furthermore, the waste treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment includes an exhaust treatment unit 9 for performing deodorization and smoke removal of exhaust generated by heating the waste accommodated in the treatment tank 1, and a blower 11 for performing cooling and exhaust. And the control part 13 etc. which control operation | movement of a waste disposal apparatus are provided.

  The processing tank 1, the processing tank heater 3, the first recovery container 5, the second recovery container 7, the exhaust processing unit 9, and the like are accommodated in a housing 15. The housing 15 includes an upper space 15a in which the processing tank 1, the processing tank heater 3, and the exhaust processing unit 9 are stored, and a lower space 15b in which the first recovery container 5 and the second recovery container 7 are stored. Further, it is divided by a partition wall 15c. At the upper part of the upper space 15a of the housing 15, there is provided a lid 15d attached to an upper end portion of one surface of the side wall defining the upper space 15a so as to be opened and closed by a hinge or the like (not shown). Accordingly, the opening at the top of the upper space 15a of the housing 15 is closed when the lid 15d is closed.

  Although not shown in the lower space 15b of the housing 15, a first recovery container support member and a second recovery container support member for supporting the first recovery container 5 and the second recovery container 7 in the lower space 15b. Is provided. Further, in the lower space 15b of the casing 15, the first collection container 5 can be moved from the first collection container support member to the side of the first collection container support member (not shown). A first recovery container cooling chamber 15e for receiving and cooling the first recovery container 5 moved from the one recovery container support member is provided. The first recovery container cooling chamber 15e is defined by a wall having heat insulating properties, and the space in the first recovery container cooling chamber 15e is in a state of being adiabatically isolated from the lower space 15b of the housing 15. ing. The first recovery container cooling chamber 15e has an openable / closable door (not shown) on the wall on the side of the first recovery container support member (not shown), and is supported by the first recovery container support member. One collection container 5 can be received from a door not shown. Further, the first recovery container cooling chamber 15 e has a vent hole (not shown) and communicates with the outside of the housing 15.

  Note that the walls forming the casing 15 and the partition wall 15c, the lid 15d, and the like are formed of a heat insulating structure or are formed of a heat insulating material. In addition, the casing 15 of the present embodiment is configured such that when the lid 15d is closed, the inside is sealed, and it is used for processing waste containing contents that may cause infection. It can be supported.

  The treatment tank 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape or a rectangular tube shape, and has a structure in which the diameter is gradually reduced in a taper shape as the bottom portion moves downward. A placing table 17 for placing the waste is provided at a boundary portion between the cylindrical portion and the tapered portion at the bottom of the processing tank 1. The mounting table 17 can be formed of a perforated plate, a plurality of bars installed at intervals, a lattice-shaped member, etc., but the size of the hole or gap of the mounting table 17 is the smallest waste to be processed. The size is 5 mm or more, though it depends on the size of the synthetic resin that has been dissolved and fluidized without falling, for example, depending on the size of the waste to be treated. The processing tank heater 3 is installed outside the processing tank 1 so as to surround the outer surface of the processing tank 1. In addition, the lid 15d of the housing 15 is opened into the processing tank 1 to put waste.

  A pipe-shaped discharge port portion 19 is connected to the lower end of the tapered portion of the processing tank 1. The discharge port portion 19 communicates with the lower space 15 b of the processing tank 1 at the end opposite to the side connected to the lower end of the tapered portion of the processing tank 1. In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the discharge port portion 19 is, for example, not less than 45 mm and not more than 50 mm. A discharge port heater 21 is provided outside the discharge port 19 to heat the inside of the discharge port 19 while surrounding the outer surface of the discharge port 19.

  The first collection container 5 and the second collection container 7 are containers that can be taken in and out of the lower space 15b of the casing 15, and the casing 15 is formed by a first collection container support member and a second collection container support member (not shown). Is supported in the lower space 15b. Therefore, a door (not shown) for taking in and out the first collection container 5 and the second collection container 7 is provided on the side wall defining the lower space 15b of the casing 15 as appropriate. The first collection container 5 of the present embodiment is a rectangular container having an open upper surface. The bottom surface of the first collection container 5 is formed to be inclined so that the depth of the container gradually increases from one side surface to the other side surface of the pair of side surfaces of the first collection container 5 facing each other. Then, a slit-like hole having a width of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less is formed along the side surface on the deepest part side at the lowest part of the bottom surface of the first recovery container 5, that is, the deepest part. By doing so, the discharge port part 23 is formed.

  Such a first recovery container 5 is installed in the lower space 15b of the housing 15 in a state of being positioned below the discharge port portion 19 of the processing tank 1 by a first recovery container support member (not shown). In addition, the second collection container 7 of the present embodiment is a rectangular container having an open upper surface, and the casing is positioned below the first collection container 5 by a second collection container support member (not shown). 15 in the lower space 15b. Therefore, the fluid flowing down from the discharge port of the processing tank 1 enters the first recovery container 5, and further, the fluid flowing down from the discharge port 23 of the first recovery container 5 enters the second recovery container 7. It is like that. A lower space heater 25 for heating the lower space 15b of the housing 15 that accommodates the second recovery container 7 is installed below the second recovery container 7.

  The exhaust processing unit 9 is provided in a processing tank exhaust pipe 27 that communicates with the upper part of the processing tank 1, and is located on the side of the processing tank 1 in the upper space 15 a of the housing 15. Although not shown, the exhaust treatment unit 9 has a configuration including a heater, a burner, and the like for heating the exhaust from the treatment tank exhaust pipe 27 connected to the treatment tank 1, and exhausts the exhaust from the treatment tank 1. It is for heating. The processing tank exhaust pipe 27 is connected to an exhaust pipe 29 piped outside the housing 15 via an ejector 31. One end of the exhaust pipe 29 is connected to the blower 11, and the other end is opened in the atmosphere as an exhaust port. Note that the exhaust treatment unit 9 is accompanied not only by smoke and deodorization but also by exhaust when the treatment of medical waste or waste generated by biological research is performed as in this embodiment. Sometimes used to kill microorganisms.

  A cooling pipe 33 is branched from a portion of the exhaust pipe 29 connected to the blower 11. The end of the cooling pipe 33 branched from the exhaust pipe 29 communicates with the lower space 15b of the casing 15, and the air from the blower 11 is blown into the lower space 15b of the casing 15, The first recovery container 5 and the second recovery container 7 in the lower space 15b of the housing 15 are cooled. The cooling pipe 33 is electrically driven to control the blowing and stopping of air from the blower 11 into the lower space 15b of the casing 15, that is, cooling and stopping of cooling in the lower space 15b of the casing 15. A cooling control valve 35 comprising a valve is provided. Further, a first recovery container cooling chamber exhaust pipe 37 is connected to the first recovery container cooling chamber 15 e of the housing 15. The first recovery container cooling chamber exhaust pipe line 37 is connected to the exhaust pipe line 29 via an ejector 39.

  Accordingly, when the cooling control valve 35 is opened while the blower 11 is being driven, air from the blower 11 is blown into the lower space 15b of the housing 15 via the cooling conduit 33, and the discharge port portion 19 is opened. Then, the inside of the lower space 15b of the housing 15 is cooled by flowing into the treatment tank 1 through the inside. Further, when the blower 11 is driven and air is flowing through the exhaust pipe 29, the gas in the processing tank 1 is transferred to the exhaust pipe 29 via the processing tank exhaust pipe 27 by the action of the ejector 31. The air is sucked in and exhausted from the exhaust pipe 29 forcibly.

  Further, when the air fan 11 is driven and air is flowing through the exhaust pipe 29, the gas in the first recovery container cooling chamber 15e of the housing 15 is exhausted from the first recovery container cooling chamber by the action of the ejector 39. The air is sucked toward the exhaust pipe 29 through the pipe 37. For this reason, outside air enters from a vent (not shown) into the first recovery container cooling chamber 15e and is forcibly exhausted from the exhaust pipe 29 via the first recovery container cooling chamber exhaust pipe 37. The first recovery container 5 accommodated in the recovery container cooling chamber 15e is cooled.

  The control unit 13 includes a heater 3 for the processing tank, a heater in the exhaust processing unit 9, a blower 11, a heater 21 for the discharge port, a heater 25 for the lower space, a cooling control valve 35, These are electrically connected to a plurality of temperature sensors (not shown) that measure the heating temperature of each heater. And the control part 13 is heating and heating temperature by the heater 3 for process tanks, the heater in the exhaust process part 9, the heater 21 for discharge ports, the heater 25 for lower spaces, etc., operation | movement of the air blower 11 and the cooling control valve 35, The operation of a lock mechanism (not shown) for locking the lid 15d of the housing 15 to the closed state is controlled. Therefore, in this embodiment, the control unit 13 and the processing tank heater 3 serve as the processing tank heating means, the control unit 13 and the discharge port heater 21 serve as the discharge port heating means, and the control unit 13 and the lower space. The heater 25 constitutes a collection container heating means. Moreover, in this embodiment, the control part 13 also has an operation panel, and the setting of heating temperature, heating time, etc. can be performed.

  That is, in the operation panel of the control unit 13, the first heating temperature and the processing time for the first heating to the processing tank heater 3 are heated after the first heating temperature. The heating temperature of 2 and the heating time thereof, the heating time from the first heating temperature to the second heating temperature, the cooling time after completion of heating by the second heating temperature, and the like can be set. Then, the control unit 13 controls the operations of the processing tank heater 3 and the cooling control valve 35 in accordance with the set first heating temperature and its processing time, second heating temperature and its heating time, cooling stop temperature, and the like. To do. In addition, the operation panel of the control unit 13 can also set the temperature of the heater in the exhaust processing unit 9, the heater 21 for the discharge port, and the heater 25 for the lower space, and the control unit 13 can set each heater at the set temperature. Heat by.

  The operation of the waste treatment apparatus having such a configuration and the features of the present invention will be described. Synthetic resin waste containing medical waste and contents generated by biological research, such as blood collection tubes with blood remaining, petri dish containing agar medium or culture solution after culturing microorganisms Then, a test container, a culture container, a reaction container for clinical examination after measurement is performed by reacting blood with a reagent, etc. are opened in the waste treatment apparatus lid 15 d and placed in the treatment tank 1. At this time, the waste is placed on the mounting table 17 in the processing tank 1. After putting the waste into the treatment tank 1, the lid 15d is closed, the switch of the operation panel of the control unit 13 is turned on, and the waste volume reduction process is started.

  When the switch of the operation panel of the control unit 13 is turned on, the control unit 13 turns on the processing tank heater 3, the heater in the exhaust processing unit 9, and the lower space heater 25 and closes the cooling control valve 35. The blower 11 is driven in the state. At this time, the control unit 13 first raises the heating temperature by the processing tank heater 3 to the set first heating temperature, and this first time for the time set with respect to the first heating temperature. Maintain the heating temperature. When the set time has elapsed, the control unit 13 raises the heating temperature by the processing tank heater 3 from the first heating temperature to the second heating temperature, and is set with respect to the second heating temperature. This second heating temperature is maintained for a period of time. When the time set for the second heating temperature elapses, the control unit 13 opens the cooling control valve 35 and causes air to flow into the lower space 15b of the housing 15 to cause the lower space 15b of the housing 15 to flow. Cool the inside.

  Here, the first heating temperature by the processing tank heater 3 is set to a temperature at which the synthetic resin of the waste housed in the processing tank 1 is softened and destroyed. The second heating temperature is set to a temperature at which the waste synthetic resin accommodated in the treatment tank 1 dissolves and flows. The first heating temperature and the second heating temperature can be set to various temperatures as long as these conditions are satisfied. However, it is desirable to set the first heating temperature in the range of 200 ° C. to 250 ° C. and the second heating temperature in the range of 300 ° C. to 500 ° C.

  That is, when the first heating temperature is lower than 200 ° C., it may not be softened depending on the type of the synthetic resin and may not be destroyed. On the other hand, when the first heating temperature is higher than 250 ° C., depending on the type of the synthetic resin, it may be dissolved and flow together with the liquid. In this case, when solidified in the discharge port 19 of the treatment tank 1 or the like, the synthetic resin may be difficult to fluidize even if reheated due to the heat insulating property of the solidified synthetic resin. Therefore, in order to ensure that most of the synthetic resin having thermoplasticity to be treated is softened and destroyed, and that most of the synthetic resin having thermoplasticity to be treated is dissolved and does not flow. The first heating temperature is preferably in the range of 200 ° C. to 250 ° C.

  Further, when the second heating temperature is lower than 300 ° C., it may not flow depending on the type of synthetic resin. On the other hand, if the second heating temperature is higher than 500 ° C., combustion may start depending on the type of synthetic resin. Therefore, in order to surely flow most of the synthetic resin having thermoplasticity to be processed and to prevent most of the synthetic resin having thermoplasticity to be processed from burning, the second heating is performed. The temperature is desirably in the range of 300 ° C. or more and 500 ° C. or less.

  The heater in the exhaust treatment section 9 is turned on while the treatment tank heater 3 is turned on for the purpose of deodorization and smoke removal, and the heating temperature is deodorized and removed from the treatment tank 1. It is maintained at a temperature where smoke can be produced, for example, 800 ° C. or higher. In addition, when the purpose is not the deodorization or smoke removal but only the killing of microorganisms accompanying the exhaust, it is appropriately turned on according to the temperature in the treatment tank 1 and the residence time of the exhaust at that temperature. You can also

  The lower space heater 25 is turned on at the same time as the processing tank heater 3 is turned on, and the temperature in the lower space 15b of the housing 15 is a temperature at which dry heat sterilization of the liquid stored in the second recovery container 7 is possible. For example, the temperature is maintained at 180 ° C. or higher. Further, the heater 25 for the lower space is used when, for example, the liquid recovered in the second recovery container 7 is processed at a temperature and time sufficient for sterilization, for example, not in the lower space 15b of the processing tank 1 and the housing 15. When the treatment is performed at 200 ° C. for 1 hour or longer, it can be turned off. The processing tank discharge port heater 21 is turned off while the processing tank heater 3 is heated at the first heating temperature, and the first heating temperature to the second heating temperature of the processing tank heater 3. Is turned on when the temperature rise to is started, and is controlled to the same heating temperature as the second heating temperature. The heating time at the first heating temperature and the heating time at the second heating temperature depend on the amount of waste to be volume-reduced and the conditions such as whether dry heat sterilization is performed together with the volume-reducing treatment. Determine as appropriate.

  In the waste treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the synthetic resin waste is softened by heating the synthetic resin waste at the first heating temperature in the treatment tank 1. When the synthetic resin waste is softened, the synthetic resin waste is deformed, punctured, cracked, etc., and is in a destroyed state in which the liquid contained therein leaks out. As described above, when the synthetic resin waste is softened and destroyed, the liquid that was the waste content or the agar medium liquefied by heat flows out of the waste, and the holes and gaps of the mounting table 17 are formed. Flow down through.

  At this time, the waste made of synthetic resin is softened and destroyed, but is not in a state of flowing, and thus remains on the mounting table 17. The liquid that has flowed down through the holes or gaps of the mounting table 17 flows down from the discharge port 19 of the processing tank 1 and is discharged into the first recovery container 5 as indicated by the dashed arrows in FIG. Furthermore, the liquid that has entered the first recovery container 5 flows down from the slit-like hole of the discharge port 23 of the first recovery container 5 and is discharged, and is recovered in the second recovery container 7. Therefore, by heating the waste in the treatment tank 1 at the first heating temperature, the liquid in the synthetic resin waste can be separated from the waste and recovered in the second recovery container 7.

  When heating at the first heating temperature is performed for a set time, the temperature is raised from the first heating temperature to the second heating temperature. Then, by heating the inside of the processing tank 1 at the second heating temperature, this time, the synthetic resin waste remaining on the mounting table 17 in the processing tank 1 is dissolved and fluidized, and the mounting table It flows down through 17 holes and gaps. The fluidized synthetic resin that has flowed down through the holes and gaps of the mounting table 17 flows down from the discharge port 19 of the processing tank 1 and is discharged as shown by the solid arrows in FIG. To be recovered. At this time, it is conceivable that the synthetic resin waste is cooled as the liquid remaining in the synthetic resin waste in the treatment tank 1 evaporates. However, the evaporation of the amount of liquid remaining in the synthetic resin waste in the treatment tank 1 after the heat treatment at the first heating temperature prevents fluidization of the synthetic resin waste. There is no.

  In the waste treatment apparatus of this embodiment, the synthetic resin passing through the discharge port 19 of the treatment tank 1 is heated by the discharge port heater 21. Therefore, the temperature of the synthetic resin passing through the inside of the discharge port 19 of the treatment tank 1 does not decrease, and the synthetic resin is solidified due to the decrease in temperature and the discharge port 19 is blocked. Can be prevented.

  Moreover, although the 1st collection container 5 has the discharge port part 23, the fluidized synthetic resin has a surface tension larger than a liquid by forming a skin layer in the surface part from the characteristic of a synthetic resin. Have. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the size of the hole of the discharge port portion 23 of the first recovery container 5, the discharge port portion 23 of the first recovery container 5 prevents the fluidized synthetic resin from passing, and the liquid passes. However, the fluidized synthetic resin can be made difficult to pass. As a result of the study by the present inventors, the width of the hole or gap of the discharge port portion of the first recovery container is set to 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less, so that the liquid passes but is fluidized regardless of the type of the synthetic resin. It was found that the synthetic resin can be reliably prevented from passing.

  Furthermore, when the first recovery container is formed in a state in which the bottom surface is inclined so that the discharge port portion becomes the lowest, and a slit-like hole having a width of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less is formed in the discharge port portion, the first recovery container has thermoplasticity. With most synthetic resins, liquid can pass more securely, but fluidized synthetic resin does not pass, and the remaining liquid in the first recovery container can be reduced, and the synthetic resin and liquid can be separated. Can be improved.

  By the way, in the present embodiment, the volume of waste containing contents that may be infected, such as medical waste or waste generated by biological research, is reduced in the treatment tank 1. As an example. In the waste treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the first heating temperature and the second heating temperature are temperatures at which dry heat sterilization can be performed, and therefore, the heating time at the first heating temperature is dried. If the time is set to be longer than the time corresponding to heat sterilization, the waste treatment apparatus of this embodiment separates the liquid and the synthetic resin to reduce the volume of the synthetic resin waste, and performs dry heat sterilization. There is a possibility to do it. However, during the heating at the first heating temperature, the liquid contained in the waste flows out from the destroyed waste and is collected in the second collection container 7, so that the time corresponding to dry heat sterilization is reached. During this time, it is not possible to heat at the first heating temperature in the treatment tank 1.

  Therefore, in the waste treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the lower space heater 25 is provided below the second collection container 7, and the liquid collected in the second collection container 7 is dry-heated by the lower space heater 25. The heat treatment necessary to sterilize can be supplemented. Further, by evaporating the liquid collected in the second collection container 7 by the lower space heater 25, the solid component contained in the liquid collected in the second collection container 7 can be concentrated and reduced. .

  In the case where the volume of the synthetic resin waste reduced in the first recovery container 5 can be taken out, for example, the next new waste volume reduction processing is performed without cooling to a completely solidified state. Or the like, the first collection container 5 is moved from the first collection container support member (not shown) to the first collection container cooling chamber 15e, and a new first collection container 5 is placed on the first collection container support member (not shown). Install and reduce volume.

  As described above, in the waste treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the first heating temperature at which the synthetic resin of the waste accommodated in the treatment tank 1 is softened and destroyed, and higher than the first heating temperature. The heating temperature by the processing tank heater 3 can be adjusted to the second heating temperature at which the waste synthetic resin accommodated in the processing tank 1 flows. For this reason, first, by heating at the first heating temperature, the synthetic resin waste housed in the treatment tank 1 is softened and destroyed. As a result, the liquid in the waste flows out from the waste, passes through the mounting table 17, flows down from the discharge port 19 of the treatment tank 1 to the first recovery container 5, and further, in the first recovery container 5. It flows down from the discharge port 23 to the second collection container 7 and is collected in the second collection container 7. After that, by heating at the second heating temperature, the synthetic resin is dissolved and fluidized, and flows down from the discharge port portion 19 of the processing tank 1 to the first recovery container 5, so that the first recovery container 5 recovered. Therefore, in the volume reduction processing of the synthetic resin waste containing the liquid or the contents liquefied by heat, the liquid and the synthetic resin that are the contents can be separated and recovered.

  Here, in the waste treatment apparatus configured as in the present embodiment, when heating is performed from the beginning at the second heating temperature at which the waste synthetic resin accommodated in the treatment tank 1 flows, synthesis of the waste is performed. The fluidization of the resin and the outflow of the liquid which is the waste content occur at the same time. For this reason, the liquid cools the synthetic resin while passing through the discharge port 19 of the treatment tank 1, and closes the discharge port 19 or contains the liquid in the recovered synthetic resin by reducing the volume. Or a liquid component or a solid component contained in the liquid may be mixed with the synthetic resin. However, in the waste treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the waste can be heated at the first heating temperature and the second heating temperature, and the liquid that is the contents and the synthetic resin waste can be separated. Such a problem does not occur.

  Furthermore, in the volume reduction processing of synthetic resin waste containing contents that are liquefied by liquid or heat, the waste liquid and the synthetic resin can be separated and recovered so that the waste can be disposed of in the waste processing equipment. There is no need to take out the contents of the waste before processing. In addition, the volume of the waste made of synthetic resin subjected to volume reduction treatment is so small that there is no problem of mixing and remaining of the contents, so that various reuses are possible.

  In addition, in the waste treatment apparatus having the configuration of the present embodiment, the casing 15 has a sealed structure, and the exhaust gas hardly leaks from the casing 15 to the outside. If an exhaust port (not shown) is installed outside or connected to a duct or the like for exhausting outside, it can be installed and used indoors.

  Further, in the waste treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, the first heating temperature is in the range of 200 ° C. to 250 ° C., and the second heating temperature is in the range of 300 ° C. to 500 ° C. For this reason, the liquid and synthetic resin which were the contents can be reliably isolate | separated with most synthetic resins which have thermoplasticity.

  In addition, in the waste disposal apparatus of the present embodiment, the discharge port portion 23 of the first collection container 5 is located at the lowest portion of the inclined bottom surface of the first collection container 5 and has a width of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less. It has a slit-shaped hole. For this reason, most synthetic resins having thermoplasticity suppress the leakage of the synthetic resin from the first recovery container 5 to the second recovery container 7 and the blockage of the discharge port 23 of the first recovery container 5 by the synthetic resin. it can. And since the liquid which remains in a 1st collection container can also be reduced, the isolation | separation capability of a synthetic resin and a liquid can be improved.

  However, the structure of the 1st collection container 5 is not restricted to the structure which formed the slit-shaped hole of the width of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less in the lowest part of the inclined bottom face like this embodiment, Various structures it can. For example, the bottom surface of the first recovery container 5 is a non-inclined bottom surface, and a part or the whole of the bottom surface is formed in a lattice shape or a plurality of slits arranged at intervals, and the like. It is also possible to form a structure in which holes or gaps are formed. Also, the width of the hole or gap can be set to a size other than 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less depending on the type of synthetic resin to be processed. However, the configuration as in the present embodiment is desirable because the separation ability between the synthetic resin and the liquid can be improved.

  Furthermore, since the waste treatment apparatus of this embodiment includes the discharge port portion heater 21 that heats the discharge port portion 19 of the treatment tank 1, it is possible to prevent clogging due to cooling of the synthetic resin at the discharge port portion 19. . However, the discharge port heater 21 is not provided when the synthetic resin is not blocked by cooling of the synthetic resin at the discharge port 19 due to the type of synthetic resin to be processed and the shape and length of the discharge port 19. It can also be configured.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a case where the volume of waste containing contents that may be infected is described as an example. However, the waste processing apparatus of the present invention has a possibility of infection. The present invention is not limited to waste containing certain contents, but can be applied to volume reduction treatment of various kinds of wastes as long as the waste is made of synthetic resin containing contents that are liquefied by liquid or heat. In addition, when performing volume reduction processing of waste other than waste containing potentially infectious contents, the structure for supporting dry heat sterilization such as the heater 25 for the lower space should be omitted. Can do.

  In the present embodiment, the controller 13 is configured on the premise of automatic operation such that the controller 13 automatically controls the heating temperature to the first heating temperature and the second heating temperature. However, the control unit 13 as in the present embodiment is not provided, and a configuration in which the heating temperature is manually switched between the first heating temperature and the second heating temperature can be employed.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, it is the structure which discharges | emits the liquid which is the content of a waste only by the heating with the heater 3 for process tanks. However, depending on the type and shape of the waste, when it is difficult to discharge the liquid from the waste simply by destroying the waste by heating, a configuration in which a rotating blade for stirring is provided in the treatment tank 1 or a treatment tank It is also possible to employ a configuration in which a vibrating means for vibrating 1 or a rotating means for rotating the processing tank 1 is provided. When the processing tank 1 is rotated, a hole or a gap is provided also on the side surface of the cylindrical part of the processing tank 1 above the mounting table 17, and only the cylindrical part is rotated to rotate the cylindrical part. A configuration in which a tapered bottom portion fixed below is provided can be employed. In addition, waste is not placed directly on the mounting table 17 in the treatment tank 1 but is stored in a basket having holes and gaps through which the fluidized synthetic resin can pass. It is also possible to adopt a configuration for mounting on the mounting table 17.

  As described above, the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the present embodiment, but the treatment tank, the treatment tank heating means, the first collection container located below the treatment tank, and the first collection container below. A first recovery temperature at which the synthetic resin of waste contained in the treatment tank is softened and destroyed, and the treatment tank heating means is provided with a second recovery container positioned at As long as the heating temperature can be adjusted to the second heating temperature at which the synthetic resin of waste contained in the treatment tank flows, it can be formed in various configurations.

It is sectional drawing which shows typically schematic structure of one Embodiment of the waste disposal apparatus which applies this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing tank 3 Heater for processing tank 5 1st collection container 7 2nd collection container 13 Control part 15 Housing | casing 17 Mounting stand 19, 23 Outlet part

Claims (5)

A processing tank containing synthetic resin waste containing contents liquefied by liquid or heat, a processing tank heating means for heating the processing tank, and a lower part of the discharge port provided at the bottom of the processing tank A first recovery container located at the bottom of the first recovery container, and a second recovery container positioned below a discharge port provided at the bottom of the first recovery container,
The treatment tank has a placement table for placing waste on the bottom of the treatment tank, and the placement table has a hole or a gap through which the fluidized synthetic resin can pass, The outlet portion is provided below the mounting table, and the fluidized synthetic resin can pass therethrough. The discharge port portion of the first recovery container prevents passage of the fluidized synthetic resin, and heats the treatment tank. The means includes a first heating temperature at which the synthetic resin of the waste housed in the treatment tank is softened and destroyed, and a waste housed in the treatment tank that is higher than the first heating temperature. A waste treatment apparatus that can be adjusted to a second heating temperature at which the synthetic resin flows. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first heating temperature is 200 ° C or higher and 250 ° C or lower, and the second heating temperature is 300 ° C or higher and 500 ° C or lower. The waste disposal apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge port portion of the first recovery container has a hole or a gap having a width of 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less. The waste treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising discharge port heating means for heating the inside of the discharge port of the treatment tank. 5. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an in-space heating unit configured to heat the inside of the space containing the second collection container.

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