JP2005349126A - Blood sampling needle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a blood sampling needle equipped with a structure capable of preventing the blood from erroneously flowing backward upon finishing the blood sampling without requiring complicated operations. <P>SOLUTION: This blood sampling needle 1 includes a first hollow needle 2 whose needle tip is to be inserted into a blood vessel of a subject, and a second hollow needle 4 whose needle tip is to pierce through a stopper. These needles are connected through a hollow passage member 3 which is made of an elastic material. A blood flow stopping member is joined to the hollow passage member 3 so as to realize both the first state in which the hollow passage member 3 allows the blood to flow in the passage therein and the second state in which the hollow passage member 3 is pressed to stop the blood flow. The blood flow stopping member makes the hollow passage member initially in the first state, turns the passage of the hollow passage member to be in the second state if an external pressure is applied, and returns to the first state after released from the external pressure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood collection needle used for collecting blood from, for example, a blood sample, and more specifically, a first hollow needle inserted into a blood sample or the like of a blood sample and a stopper of the blood collection tube. The present invention relates to an improvement in the structure of a blood collection needle having a second hollow needle passed therethrough.

  Conventionally, when blood is collected using a vacuum blood collection tube or the like, a blood collection needle having sharp needle tips at both ends has been used. The blood collection needle is usually configured using a metal such as stainless steel. When collecting blood, a tourniquet is first wrapped around the arm of the blood sample to increase venous pressure. Next, the needle tip at one end of the blood collection needle is inserted into the blood collection subject's vein, and then the needle tip at the other end is inserted through the plug of the vacuum blood collection tube. Thereby, blood is aspirated by the pressure difference between the venous pressure and the pressure in the blood collection tube.

  During blood collection using a vacuum blood collection tube, the blood stops when the pressure in the vacuum blood collection tube and the venous pressure reach equilibrium. Therefore, the needle tip of the blood collection needle is removed from the vein, and then the tourniquet is removed.

  By the way, as in the case where the tourniquet attached to the arm of the blood sample is accidentally removed before the needle tip is removed from the vein, the blood pressure in the blood collection tube is higher than the blood pressure of the blood sample. When the internal pressure increases, a backflow occurs from the blood collection side toward the blood collection subject's vein. On the other hand, blood anticoagulants and drugs are often housed in the vacuum blood collection tube. Therefore, in order to prevent migration of the anticoagulant or drug to the blood-collected side, it is necessary to prevent the backflow.

  However, the conventional vacuum blood collection needle has not been provided with a structure for preventing such backflow.

  On the other hand, for example, in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 below, a first hollow needle having a needle tip inserted into a vein and a needle tip inserted into a plug of a vacuum blood collection tube are provided. A blood collection needle is disclosed in which a backflow prevention structure using a conical film or the like is provided in a flow path between the first and second hollow needles in a structure having a second hollow needle. Here, when the pressure in the vacuum blood collection tube and the venous pressure of the blood sample have reached equilibrium, the blood flow is stopped and the blood collection is automatically terminated. On the other hand, if a reverse flow occurs, the conical film is pushed by the blood flow and expands in the flow path, thereby blocking the flow path. Therefore, backflow is prevented.

  However, since the conical film prevents the backflow by spreading due to blood flow, the time to prevent the backflow depends on the elasticity of the conical film. Therefore, for example, when a back flow occurs due to a slight pressure fluctuation, the back flow cannot be prevented promptly. When the elasticity of the conical film is adjusted so that the conical film expands with a slight pressure difference, even when the difference between the pressure in the blood collection tube and the venous pressure becomes small at the end of blood collection, etc. A conical film will spread by mistake. Therefore, the blood is blocked and a predetermined amount of blood cannot be collected reliably.

  Patent Document 3 below discloses a blood collection needle in which the first and second hollow needles are connected by a flexible tube. Here, after collecting a predetermined amount of blood, the blood collection operator can stop the blood flow by pressing the tube with fingers. Therefore, when the above-described backflow occurs, the blood collection worker can prevent the backflow by squeezing the tube with fingers.

However, in order to prevent backflow, blood collection workers had to squeeze the tube with their fingers. Therefore, when the blood collection worker releases the finger from the vacuum blood collection tube for other operations such as the removal of the tourniquet at the end of blood collection, the tube cannot be squeezed with the finger. , Could not prevent backflow.
JP 50-12892 A JP-A-53-97289 JP 56-109643 A

  The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art described above, and to ensure that an undesired backflow occurs even when the blood collection worker releases his / her finger from the blood collection needle without requiring a complicated operation. An object of the present invention is to provide a blood collection needle having a structure capable of promptly preventing it.

  The present invention provides a first hollow needle having a needle tip inserted into a blood vessel of a blood sample, a second hollow needle having a needle tip pierced by a stopper of the blood collection tube, and the first hollow A hollow flow path member that is liquid-tightly connected to a base portion of the needle and a base portion of the second hollow needle and is made of an elastic material, and the hollow flow path member when an external force is applied The first state is such that the blood flows in the inside, and the second state in which the hollow flow path member is pressed so that the blood does not flow in the hollow flow path member when the external force is released. And a blood flow stopping member connected to the hollow flow path member.

  In the blood collection needle according to the present invention, preferably, the hollow flow path member is constituted by a tube having elasticity.

  In still another specific aspect of the blood collection needle according to the present invention, the blood flow stopping member presses a side wall of the hollow flow path member from the outside to make the second state, and the compression member A biasing unit that biases the hollow channel member; and an operated member that is operated to move the compression member in a direction opposite to the biasing force of the biasing unit.

  In another specific aspect of the blood collection needle of the present invention, the compression member is integrated with the biasing means.

  In still another specific aspect of the blood collection needle of the present invention, the compression member and the biasing means are housed in the case together with the hollow flow path member so that the operated member extends from outside the case into the case. Attached to the case.

  In still another specific aspect of the blood collection needle according to the present invention, the biasing means is constituted by a leaf spring.

  In still another specific aspect of the blood collection needle according to the present invention, the biasing means is a leaf spring formed by raising a part of the wall of the case.

In the blood collection needle according to the present invention, each of the first hollow needle having a needle tip inserted into the blood vessel of the blood collection subject and the second hollow needle having a needle tip pierced by the plug of the vacuum blood collection tube The base is connected by a hollow flow path member, the hollow flow path member is made of a material having elasticity, and the first state in which blood flows in the hollow flow path member and the blood does not flow The second state in which the hollow flow path member is pressed to the first state can be realized, and the first state is obtained when an external force is applied, and the second state is obtained when the external force is released. A blood flow stopping member that is provided is connected to the hollow flow path member. Therefore, at the time of blood collection, the blood collection operator applies an external force to the blood stop member to operate the blood to flow through the hollow channel member as the first state, and at the end of the blood collection, the external force is released to As the state 2, it is only necessary to prevent blood from flowing through the flow path in the hollow flow path member. In the second state, the hollow flow path is pressed so that blood does not flow through the hollow flow path member. Therefore, even when the internal pressure of the vacuum blood collection tube or the like is erroneously higher than that of venous blood, backflow is reliably prevented in the hollow channel member.

  Moreover, in order to prevent the above-described backflow, it is only necessary to release the applied external force. Therefore, even after the blood collection is completed, the blood collection worker reliably removes the finger from the blood collection needle to perform operations such as removing the tourniquet. Back flow can be prevented.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to reliably prevent backflow after the end of blood collection without requiring a complicated operation, and it is not necessary for the blood collection worker to newly perform a special operation to prevent backflow. Therefore, other operations such as removal of the tourniquet can be performed smoothly.

  When the hollow flow path member is constituted by a tube having elasticity, the hollow flow path member can be surely brought into the second state only by pressing the tube from the outside by the blood flow stopping member. it can.

  The blood flow stopping member includes a compression member disposed outside the hollow channel member, an urging unit that urges the compression member toward the hollow channel member, and a compression member in a direction opposite to the urging force of the urging unit. In the case of providing an operated member operated to move, the operated member is operated to move the compression member against the urging force of the urging means to be in the first state. What is necessary is just to cancel the force applied to the operated member. In that case, the compression member is moved to the hollow flow path member side by the urging means, so that the hollow flow path member is compressed by the compression member and quickly brought into the second state. Therefore, the reverse flow can be prevented reliably and quickly only by releasing the force applied to the operated member.

  When the urging means and the pressing member are integrated, the number of parts can be reduced.

  When the compression member and the urging means are housed in the case together with the hollow flow path member, and the operated member is attached to the case so as to extend from the inside of the case to the case, The first state can be achieved simply by operating the operating member with fingers, and the second state can be easily achieved simply by releasing the force applied to the operated member.

  When the biasing means is constituted by a leaf spring, the biasing means can be constituted by a leaf spring having a simple structure, and the blood collection needle of the present invention can be provided at low cost.

  When the biasing means is a leaf spring configured by cutting and raising a part of the case wall, the biasing means can be configured without increasing the number of parts.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be clarified by describing specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a step of collecting blood using a blood collection needle according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this blood collection method, the blood collection needle 1 of this embodiment is used. The blood collection needle 1 has a first hollow needle 2 having a needle tip 2a to be inserted into the blood vessel of the blood sample. A hollow flow path member 3 made of a flexible tube is connected to the base of the first hollow needle 2. A second hollow needle 4 is connected to the side of the hollow flow path member 3 opposite to the side to which the first hollow needle 2 is connected. The second hollow needle 4 has a needle tip 4a. The base on the opposite side to the needle tip 4 a is connected to the hollow flow path member 3.

  Therefore, in the blood collection needle 1, the first hollow needle 2, the hollow flow path member 3, and the second hollow needle 4 are communicated to form a blood flow path.

  The needle tip 4a of the second hollow needle 4 is pierced through the stopper of the blood collection tube, as will be described later.

  The first and second hollow needles 2 and 4 are made of an appropriate metal material such as stainless steel. Moreover, the hollow flow path member 3 is comprised with the synthetic resin and rubber | gum which have a softness | flexibility. Examples of such a material include synthetic rubber, natural rubber, and elastomer.

  In the present embodiment, the hollow flow path member 3 is accommodated in the case 5. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the case 5 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. A through hole 5 b is formed in the end surface 5 a of the case 5. The through hole 5b is a portion through which the first needle tip 3 is inserted. Similarly, a through hole is formed in the end surface 5c opposite to the end surface 5a, and the second hollow needle 4 is inserted through the through hole.

  Of the four side surfaces connecting the end surfaces 5a and 5c, the side surface 5d is formed with a recess 5f that is recessed toward the opposite side surface 5e. A through hole 5g is formed in a portion between the recess 5f and the end surface 5a. The through hole 5g is provided to attach an operated member 6 described later.

  On the side surface 5a side, a through hole 5h is provided by cutting up and forming a piece 5i. The cut-and-raised piece 5i is configured integrally with the case 5, and is normally provided such that the tip is located at the inner center of the case 5 with respect to the through-hole 5h, as shown in FIG. . That is, the cut-and-raised piece 5i constitutes the leaf spring of the present invention, and the tip is normally located in a direction away from the side surface 5e of the case 5 with respect to the side surface 5e, and the tip is on the side surface 5e side. When an external force is applied so as to move, the member that applies the external force is biased so as to antagonize the external force.

In the present embodiment, the cut and raised piece 5i serves not only as the urging means but also as the compression member of the present invention. That is, the tip of the lug 5i is partially being thickened, meat thickened portion constitutes a compression portion 5i _1. As will be described later, the compression 5i ₁ is employed so as to press the side wall of the hollow flow path member 3 from the outside and block the blood flow from within the hollow flow path member 3 in the second state.

  The case 5 is obtained by molding an appropriate synthetic resin. As such a synthetic resin, a hard thermoplastic can be preferably used. Examples of such thermoplastic plastics include vinyl chloride resin, polypropylene, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polystyrene, AS resin, ABS resin, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, POM resin, and acrylic resin.

  In this embodiment, the leaf spring is integrally formed with the case 5 by the cut and raised piece 5i. However, instead of the cut and raised piece 5i, the case 5 is made of a different material or the same material, and A leaf spring connected to the case 5 by bonding or screwing may be used.

In the present embodiment, as described above, the pressing portion 5i ₁ is integrally provided at the tip of the cut and raised piece 5i. However, the member that presses the hollow flow path member 3 is formed of a separate member. Alternatively, a separately prepared compression member may be connected to one end or a part of a leaf spring such as the cut and raised piece 5i.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the operated member 6 is attached to the case 5 so as to extend from the outside to the inside of the case 5. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the operated member 6. The operated member 6 has a flat operation head 6a. The operation head 6a is a part operated by fingers and does not necessarily need to be configured in a flat plate shape. However, in the case of the flat operation head 6a, the operation head 6a can be easily pressed from the outside with fingers.

  A connecting portion 6b is formed integrally with the operation head 6a so as to extend from the center of the inner surface of the operation head 6a toward the case 5 side. The distal end of the connecting portion 6b is connected to the pair of branch portions 6c and 6d. The branch portions 6c and 6d extend from the tip of the connecting portion 6b to the side opposite to the operation head 6a. However, a space having a predetermined interval is provided between the branch portion 6c and the branch portion 6d. The size of the space 6e is equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the hollow flow path member 3.

  The operated member 6 is obtained, for example, by molding a hard thermoplastic resin. As such a hard thermoplastic resin, it is possible to use a thermoplastic resin that is suitably used to form the case 5 described above. But the to-be-operated member 6 may be comprised with materials other than a synthetic resin, for example, a metal.

  The operated member 6 is attached to the case 5 so that the connecting portion 6 b is inserted through the through hole 5 g of the case 5. The branch parts 6c and 6d are extended to the hollow flow path member 3 side, but the space 6e between the branch parts 6c and 6d is equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the hollow flow path member 3. . Accordingly, the hollow flow path member 3 is positioned between the branch portions 6c and 6d, and the hollow flow path member 3 is hardly pressed from the side by the branch portions 6c and 6d.

On the other hand, the branch portion 6c, the tip of 6d are arranged to be brought into contact with the inner surface of lug 5i in the compression unit 5i ₁ near the tip of the lug 5i of the case 5 as described above.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3B, in the initial state, the leading ends of the branch portions 6c and 6d of the operated member 6 are attached to the side surface 5e side by the cut and raised pieces 5i which are leaf springs as the biasing means. It is energized. In this case, the vicinity of the tip of the cut and raised piece 5i moves to the side surface 5e by the spring action, the hollow flow path member 3 is compressed, the internal flow path of the hollow flow path member 3 is closed, and the first state Has been. Further, the branch portions 6c and 6d of the operated member 6 are moved to the side surface 6e side by the cut and raised pieces 5i. Accordingly, the operation head 6a of the operated member 6 is located in a portion away from the side surface 6e.

  That is, in the blood collection needle 1, when no external force is applied, the hollow flow path member 3 is squeezed by the cut and raised pieces 5i as shown in FIG. The first state is that the road is closed.

  Next, a blood collection method using the blood collection needle 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3A, and 3B.

In the initial state, the blood collection needle 1 is in the state shown in FIG. In collecting blood, first, the operation head 6 a of the operated member 6 is pressed with the blood collection needle 1. That is, the operation head 6a is moved by the finger toward the case 5 side. As a result, the tips of the branch portions 6c and 6d press the vicinity of the tip of the cut and raised piece 5i as the biasing means, and the cut and raised piece 5i is opposite to the side surface 5d as shown in FIG. To the side surface 5e side. Therefore, the compression part 5i ₁
Is separated from the hollow flow path member 3, and the flow path is opened. In this way, the first state is changed to the second state.

  As described above, the needle tip 2a of the first hollow needle 2 is placed in the vein of the blood sample while the hollow channel member 3 is in the second state in which the hollow channel member 3 is open, in other words, the pressing member 6 is being pressed by the finger. Insert into. Then, the needle tip 4 a of the second hollow needle 4 is pierced through the plug body 8 of the vacuum blood collection tube 7. The vacuum blood collection tube 7 has a bottomed tubular container 9 closed by a plug 8 having rubber elasticity. The inside of the vacuum blood collection tube 7 is decompressed. Usually, the holder 10 is used for blood collection. The holder 10 is schematically shown in FIG. 1, but is preferably configured to fix the blood collection needle 1. Then, the vacuum blood collection tube 7 is inserted into the holder 10 as shown in the figure, and the second needle tip 4 extended into the holder 10 is pierced through the plug body 8. When the second hollow needle 4 pierces the stopper 8 and the needle tip 4a is inserted into the vacuum blood collection tube 7, the pressure in the vacuum blood collection tube 7 is lower than the venous blood pressure, so that the blood is in the first hollow needle 2 Then, it passes through the hollow flow path member 3 and the second hollow needle 4 and is guided into the vacuum blood collection tube 7. In this way, blood collection proceeds.

When the venous blood pressure and the pressure in the vacuum blood collection tube 7 become equal, the inflow of blood automatically stops. That is, blood collection automatically ends. At this stage, the blood collection worker may stop the operation of pressing the operation head 6 a of the operated member 6. When the external force applied to the operation head 6 a is removed, the branch portions 6 c and 6 d are cut up and pushed by the urging force of the piece 5 i, and the operation head 6 a moves away from the case 5. When the pressing force is released, the cut-and-raised piece 5i attempts to return to its original shape, that is, the cut-and-raised piece 5i is a leaf spring. Returns to the indicated initial state. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3B, the pressing portion 5i ₁ presses the urging force of the hollow flow path member 3, and the flow path is closed to be in the first state. Therefore, the blood flow is reliably stopped.

  Therefore, the flow path in the hollow flow path member 3 is reliably closed only by releasing the force applied to the operated member 6 after the blood collection is completed. Therefore, next, before removing the needle tip 2a from the vein, even if the tourniquet is accidentally removed first, even if the venous blood pressure is temporarily lower than the pressure in the vacuum blood collection tube, the hollow channel member Since the flow path is closed at 3, the backflow of blood can be reliably prevented.

  In addition, no new operation is required to prevent the backflow. That is, in order to prevent backflow, in other words, since a new operation for closing the flow path is not required, backflow can be easily and reliably prevented.

  In the above embodiment, the cut and raised piece 5i as a plate spring integrally formed with the case 5 is used. However, instead of the plate spring such as the cut and raised piece 5i, a coil spring or the like is attached. A force means may be employed. In that case, for example, a coil spring may be disposed between the side surface 5 e of the case 5 and the hollow flow path member 3. When a coil spring is used, the end of the coil spring may be used as a compression portion, and the hollow flow path member 3 may be directly compressed by the coil spring, or another compression member may be fixed to the tip of the coil spring, You may comprise so that the hollow flow path member 3 may be compressed with this compression member. Moreover, when using a coil spring, what is necessary is just to set it as the structure where branch part 6c, 6d of the front-end | tip of the said to-be-operated member 6 is contact | abutted with a coil spring, or the structure contact | abutted with the said compression member.

  As described above, the urging means in the present invention is not limited to a leaf spring, and may be constituted by other urging means such as a coil spring.

  In addition, the compression member and the urging means are not necessarily housed in the case 5, and appropriate members that support the compression member and the urging means can be used instead of the case 5.

The longitudinal cross-sectional view for demonstrating the process of collecting blood using the blood collection needle which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view for demonstrating the process of collecting blood using the blood collection needle which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. (A) And (b) is a partial notch cross-sectional perspective view which shows the principal part of the blood collection needle | hook of this invention, (a) applies the external force with a finger | toe to a to-be-operated member, and opens the flow path of a hollow flow path member. (B) is a figure which shows the initial state which does not apply external force to a to-be-operated member, ie, the state by which the flow path of the hollow flow path member was closed. (A) And (b) is the perspective view seen from one side of the case used for the blood collection needle of one embodiment of the present invention, and the perspective view seen from the other side. The perspective view which shows the to-be-operated member used by one Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Blood collection needle 2 ... 1st hollow needle 2a ... Needle tip 3 ... Hollow flow path member 4 ... 2nd hollow needle 4a ... Needle tip 5 ... Case 5a ... End surface 5b ... Through-hole 5c ... End surface 5d ... Side surface 5e ... Side surface 5f ... concave portion 5g ... through hole 5h ... through hole 5i ... cut-and-raised piece (leaf spring)
5i ₁ ... compression part 6 ... member to be operated 6a ... operation head 6b ... connection part 6c, 6d ... branching part 6e ... space 7 ... vacuum blood collection tube 8 ... plug body 9 ... tubular container 10 ... holder

Claims (7)

A first hollow needle having a needle tip that is inserted into a blood vessel of a blood sample;
A second hollow needle having a needle tip pierced by a stopper of a blood collection tube;
A hollow flow path member that is liquid-tightly connected to the base portion of the first hollow needle and the base portion of the second hollow needle and is made of an elastic material;
When an external force is applied, the first state is such that blood flows through the hollow flow path member, and when the external force is released, the hollow flow path member is compressed so that blood does not flow through the hollow flow path member. A blood collection needle comprising: a blood flow stop member connected to the hollow flow path member so as to be in a second state.   The blood collection needle according to claim 1, wherein the hollow flow path member is constituted by a tube having elasticity.   The blood flow stopping member presses the side wall of the hollow flow path member from the outside to form the second state, the biasing means for biasing the compression member toward the hollow flow path member, The blood collection needle according to claim 1, further comprising: an operated member that is operated so as to move the compression member in a direction opposite to a biasing force of the biasing unit.   The blood collection needle according to claim 3, wherein the compression member is integrated with the biasing means.   The compression member and the biasing means are housed in a case together with the hollow flow path member, and the operated member is attached to the case so as to extend from the outside of the case into the case. The blood collection needle described in 1.   The blood collection needle according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the biasing means is constituted by a leaf spring.   The blood collection needle according to claim 5, wherein the biasing means is a leaf spring formed by cutting and raising a part of the wall of the case.

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