JP2005342335A - Head fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a head fixing device by which the head portion of a patient is simply secured by a head pin. <P>SOLUTION: In the head fixing device having a support member (2) bending so as to surround the head portion (A) of the patient and in which a plurality of female threads (5) extends to the head portion (A), and a plurality of the head pins (3) having male threads 3a screwed with the female threads (5) and screwed back and forth relative to the head portion (A), cylindrical bodies (6 and 12) divided into a plurality of divided pieces (6a, 6b, 12a and 12b) in the peripheral direction so as to be able to be enlarged and contracted in the radial direction and having the female threads (5) in their inner peripheral face are secured to the support member (2) at a plurality of positions, and the respective cylindrical bodies (6 and 12) are always biased in the diameter contracting direction by an elastic body (10). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for fixing a head during examination, treatment, surgery, etc. of a patient in neurosurgery or the like.

  Conventionally, when examination, treatment, surgery, or the like is performed on a patient's head by neurosurgery or the like, the head is fixed at a fixed position by a head fixing device. The head fixing device includes a support member that is curved so as to surround the head and is fixed to a bed, etc., and a plurality of head pins that are screwed into the support member and screwed back and forth with respect to the head surrounded by the support member. It comprises. The patient's head is surrounded by a support member, each head pin is twisted, and the tip of each head pin is applied to the head to fix the head in a desired fixed position. Examination, treatment, surgery, and the like are performed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-61-257640

  Since the male screw of the head pin of the head fixing device and the female screw of the supporting member to which the male screw is screwed have a long spiral groove and a small pitch, the number of times the head pin is turned when the head pin tip is applied to the head increases. . For this reason, the fixing operation of the head by the head fixing device becomes complicated, and there is a problem that it takes time to fix the head.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a head fixing device capable of simplifying and speeding up a task of fixing a patient's head.

  In order to solve the above problem, the invention according to claim 1 is curved so as to surround the patient's head (A), and the plurality of female screws (5) extend toward the head (A). A plurality of head pins (3) having a supporting member (2) provided and a male screw (3a) screwed into the female screw (5) and capable of screwing back and forth with respect to the head (A); Is divided into a plurality of divided pieces (6a, 6b, 12a, 12b) in the circumferential direction so as to be expanded and contracted in the radial direction, and the female screw (5) is formed on the inner circumferential surface. The cylindrical body (6, 12) is attached to the support member (2) at a plurality of locations, and each cylindrical body (6, 12) is constantly urged in the direction of diameter reduction by the elastic body (10). Adopt a fixing device.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the head fixing device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the support member (2) is provided at a location where the divided pieces (6a, 6b) are biased toward the insertion port side of the head pin (3). A head fixing device that is pivotally supported by the pivot (7) and expands and contracts by rotating about the pivot (7) is adopted.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the head fixing device according to the first aspect, the split piece (12a, 12b) is provided with a protrusion (13), and the protrusion (13) is provided on the support member (2) side. ) Is provided, and the projection (13) slides in the guide groove (14) to expand and contract the cylinder (12).

  According to the present invention, when the head pin (3) is inserted into the cylindrical body (6, 12), the divided pieces (6a, 6b, 12a, 12b) are formed by the contact of the threads of the male and female screws (5, 3a). The cylinder (6, 12) is expanded by being pushed outward in the radial direction. As a result, the head pin (3) goes straight through the female screw (5) without being rotated, and stops when the tip of the head pin (3) hits the head (A). The body (6, 12) is reduced in diameter and the male and female screws (5, 3a) are engaged with each other. Subsequently, when the head pin (3) is turned, the head pin (3) is screwed toward the head (A), and the tip of the head pin (3) comes into contact with the head (A) with a stronger force. Therefore, the fixing operation of the head (A) by the head fixing device can be performed easily and quickly.

  The best mode for carrying out the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<Embodiment 1>
As shown in FIG. 1, the patient lies on the table 1 of the operating table, and the patient's head A is fixed at a fixed position by a head fixing device attached to the table 1.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the head fixing device includes a support member 2 that is curved so as to surround the patient's head A, and a plurality of head pins 3 that are screwed into the support member 2 and are in contact with the head A. .

  As shown in FIG. 3, each head pin 3 has a male screw 3a at an intermediate portion of the pin body. Further, a knob 3b for turning the head pin 3 around its axis is provided at the rear end of the pin main body, and a pointed tip 3c is attached to the tip of the pin main body so as to be rotatable around the axis. It is possible to use a head pin 3 having a structure other than the illustrated example.

  The support member 2 is curved into a semicircular shape, a U-shape or the like lacking the upper half. The patient's head A is received inside the curved inside. As shown in FIG. 1, the support member 2 is connected and fixed to the table 1 of the operating table by connection arms 4 having joints at a plurality of locations.

  The support member 2 is provided with a plurality of female screws substantially radially so as to extend toward the head A, and the head pin 3 is supported by the male screw 3a of the head pin 3 being screwed into the female screw. The screw 2 can be moved back and forth on the member 2, and the tip 3c of the head pin 3 can be brought into contact with and separated from the head A of the patient.

  Specifically, the female thread of the support member 2 is provided as shown in FIG. That is, a plurality of cylinders 6 formed with an internal thread 5 on the inner peripheral surface and divided into a plurality of divided pieces 6 a and 6 b in the circumferential direction can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction of each cylinder 6. It is attached.

  Each cylindrical body 6 can be divided into three or more pieces, but is preferably divided into two divided pieces 6a and 6b. The split pieces 6a and 6b are pivotally supported by the support member 2 by the pivot 7 at a position biased toward the insertion port side of the head pin 3, and are expanded and contracted by rotating around the pivot 7 as a fulcrum.

  The support member 2 is formed with a storage chamber 8 for storing the cylindrical body 6. The storage chamber 8 opens to the outer peripheral surface and one end surface of the support member 2, and the inner peripheral surface and the other end surface are closed by the closing portions 2a and 2b. Each of the divided pieces 6 a and 6 b of the cylindrical body 6 is connected to a location near the outer peripheral surface of the closing portion 2 b on the other end surface of the support member 2 via the pivot 7. The insertion port of the head pin 3 in the cylindrical body 6 is disposed so as to match the opening in the outer peripheral surface of the support member 2. A guide hole 9 for guiding the head pin 3 is formed in the closing portion 2 a on the inner peripheral surface of the support member 2.

  Each cylinder 6 is always urged in the direction of diameter reduction by an elastic body. The elastic body is specifically a compression coil spring 10 and is provided between the inner wall surface of the storage chamber 8 and the divided pieces 6a and 6b. Due to the urging force of the compression coil spring 10, the split pieces 6 a and 6 b approach each other with the pivot 7 as a fulcrum and try to reduce the diameter of the female screw 5. As a result, when the head pin 3 is inserted into the cylindrical body 6 from its insertion hole, the divided pieces 6a and 6b expand against the urging force of the compression coil spring 10 by the male and female screws 5 and 3a coming into contact with each other. When the diameter is reduced and the insertion of the head pin 3 is stopped, the divided pieces 6a and 6b are urged by the compression coil spring 10 so that the male and female screws 5 and 3a mesh with each other.

  The opening on one end surface of the support member 2 is closed by the cover plate 11. The cover plate 11 is fixed to the support member 2 by bolts that constitute the pivot 7. The cover plate 11 conceals the storage chamber 8 of the support member 2.

  Next, the operation of the head fixing device having the above configuration will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the patient's head A is placed in the curvature of the support member 2.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, each cylindrical body 6 in the initial support member 2 is narrowed by the urging force of the compression coil spring 10.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5B, when each head pin 3 is inserted into each cylinder 6 from the outer peripheral surface side of the support member 2, the male and female screws 5 and 3a come into contact with each other, so that the divided pieces 6a, 6b is pushed outward in the radial direction, and the cylindrical body 6 is expanded in diameter. As a result, the head pin 3 goes straight in the female screw 5 without rotating, and stops when the tip of the head pin 3 hits the patient's head A. Simultaneously with the stop, the cylinder 6 is urged by the urging force of the compression coil spring 10 that is an elastic body. Decreases in diameter so that the male and female screws 5, 3a mesh with each other.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5C, when each of the head pins 3 is picked and turned with the knob 3b, each head pin 3 is screwed toward the head A side of the patient, and the cusp 3c of the head pin 3 is moved to the head A. Contact with a stronger force.

  The head pin 3 is held so as not to rattle between the inner peripheral surfaces of the split pieces 6 a and 6 b in the vicinity of the pivot 7 and the guide hole 9 of the support member 2.

  Thus, the head A of the patient is fixed at a fixed position in the support member 2 by all the head pins 3 as shown in FIG.

<Embodiment 2>
As shown in FIG. 6, in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the cylindrical body 12 having the female screw 5 is divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction and stored in the storage chamber 8 of the support member 2. However, unlike Embodiment 1, as a means for expanding and contracting the cylindrical body 12, projections 13 are provided on the outer surfaces of the divided pieces 12 a and 12 b, and the projections 13 are fitted in the storage chamber 8. A guide groove 14 is provided.

  Each protrusion 13 protrudes from the side surface of each of the divided pieces 12a and 12b so as to be inclined toward the inner peripheral surface of the support member 2, and the guide groove 14 is similarly inclined. The guide groove 14 is formed by a guide piece 14 a fixed in the storage chamber 8 of the support member 2. The storage chamber 8 is closed by the cover plate 11 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the guide piece 14 a is also fixed to the support member 2 by a fixing screw 15 for fixing the cover plate 11 to the support member 2. A compression coil spring 10 is provided between the inner wall surface of the storage chamber 8 and the protrusion 13 as an elastic body that constantly urges the divided pieces 12 a and 12 b in the direction of diameter reduction.

  The storage chamber 8 opens to one end surface of the support member 2, and the other end surface and the inner and outer peripheral surfaces are closed by the closing portions 2b, 2a, and 2c. Guide holes 9a and 9b for guiding the head pin 3 are formed in the closing portions 2a and 2c on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the support member 2, respectively. Further, the fixing screw 15 for fixing the guide piece 14 a and the like is screwed into the closing portion 2 b of the support member 2.

  Next, the operation of the head fixing device will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, each cylindrical body 12 in the initial support member 2 is in a reduced diameter state due to the urging force of the compression coil spring 10 and the guide action of the guide groove 14.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7B, when each head pin 3 is inserted into each cylindrical body 12 from the outer peripheral surface side of the support member 2, the male and female screws 5, 3a come into contact with each other, so that the divided pieces 12a, 12b is pushed outward in the radial direction, and the cylindrical body 12 expands in diameter. Since the projections 13 and the guide grooves 14 of the divided pieces 12a and 12b are inclined in the direction in which the head pin 3 is inserted, the divided pieces 12a and 12b are smoothly moved outward in the radial direction by pushing the head pin 3, The cylindrical body 12 expands smoothly as a whole.

  The head pin 3 goes straight through the female screw 5 of the cylinder 12 without rotating operation, and stops when the tip of the head pin 3 hits the patient's head A. Simultaneously with the stop, the head pin 3 is pressed by the urging force of the compression coil spring 10 that is an elastic body. 12 is reduced in diameter so that the male and female screws 5 and 3a mesh with each other.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7C, when each head pin 3 is turned, each head pin 3 is screwed to the head A side of the patient, and the tip 3c of the head pin 3 contacts the head A with a strong force.

  The head pin 3 is held so as not to rattle between the guide holes 9 a and 9 b on the inner and outer periphery of the support member 2.

  Thus, the patient's head A is fixed in place on the support member 2 by all head pins 3 as shown in FIG.

It is a front view which shows the use condition of the head fixing device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the side view seen in the II direction in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the head pin shown in FIG. 2. (A) is an enlarged view of the main part in FIG. 2, (B) is a B direction arrow view in (A). It is a figure which shows the effect | action of the head fixing device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, (A) shows before a head pin insertion, (B) at the time of a head pin insertion start, (C) shows after a head pin insertion, respectively. (A) is a principal part enlarged view of the head fixing device based on Embodiment 2 of this invention, (B) is a B direction arrow line view in (A). It is a figure which shows the effect | action of the head fixing device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, (A) shows before a head pin insertion, (B) at the time of a head pin insertion start, (C) shows after a head pin insertion, respectively.

Explanation of symbols

A ... patient's head 2 ... support member 3 ... head pin 3a ... male screw 5 ... female screw 6, 12 ... cylindrical body 6a, 6b, 12a, 12b ... split piece 7 ... pivot 10 ... compression coil spring 13 ... projection 14 ... guide groove

Claims (3)

  A support member that is curved so as to surround the patient's head and that has a plurality of female screws extending toward the head, and a male screw that engages with the female screw. On the other hand, in the head fixing device having a plurality of head pins that can be screwed back and forth, the head fixing device is divided into a plurality of divided pieces in the circumferential direction so as to expand and contract in the radial direction, and the female screw is formed on the inner peripheral surface. A head fixing device in which a cylindrical body is attached to the support member at a plurality of locations, and each cylindrical body is constantly urged in the reduced diameter direction by an elastic body.   The head fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the divided piece is pivotally supported by the support member at the position biased toward the insertion port side of the head pin, and is expanded or contracted by rotating the pin around the fulcrum. Head fixing device characterized by.   2. The head fixing device according to claim 1, wherein a projection is provided on the divided piece, a guide groove of the projection is provided on the support member side, and the cylindrical body expands and contracts by sliding in the guide groove. A head fixing device characterized by that.

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