JP2005332423A - Gear wheel processing simulation method, gear wheel processing simulation program, and gear wheel processing simulation device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gear wheel processing simulation method which can execute a simulation by means of the three-dimensional model of a gear wheel having the same form as an actually processed gear wheel, and also provide a gear wheel processing simulation program and a gear wheel processing simulation device. <P>SOLUTION: The gear wheel processing simulation method has; a display procedure which makes a display device display a state in which a blank model and a cutter model are arranged on a gear cutting machine model which regulates a relative positional relation between the blank model and the cutter model; and a gear wheel model generation procedure which generates a gear wheel model from the blank model by means of a gear cutting simulation based on the blank model, cutter model and gear cutting machine model which are all displayed on the display device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a computer simulation method, and more particularly to a computer simulation method for gears.

Conventionally, there are many methods for analyzing the processing state and meshing state of gears and reducing the load of actual gear processing operations and design operations. For example, a method for confirming interference between a tool and a gear and meshing gears by simulating the machining state from the basic specifications of the designed gear (for example, Patent Document 1), simulation from the condition value of the designed gear There is a method for obtaining the meshing state of the gear (for example, Patent Document 2) and the like, and it is possible to analyze the processing state and the meshing state of the gear in a three-dimensional virtual space using a computer. In addition, when the gear is a hypoid gear, simulation is difficult due to the special shape of the tooth profile, and the Gleason system is a means for obtaining the meshing state of the gear by simulation from the design value of the gear as described above. Widely used.
JP-A-9-212222 JP-A-6-109593

  However, if satisfactory analysis results cannot be obtained with the above-described method, how to change the machining conditions, specification values of the gear, etc. in order to create a gear that can withstand actual use. There is a problem of not knowing. In the Gleason system, the guideline for changing the above-mentioned parameter is shown, but even if the parameter is actually changed according to the guideline, it is difficult to obtain an appropriate tooth contact state. This was largely due to the experience of the workers.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a gear machining simulation method capable of executing a simulation related to a gear by a three-dimensional model of a gear having the same shape as an actually machined gear, An object is to provide a gear machining simulation program and a gear machining simulation apparatus.

  Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention is based on a gear cutting simulation based on a blank model, a cutter model, and a gear cutting machine model that defines a relative positional relationship between the blank model and the cutter model. And a gear model generation procedure for generating a gear model from the blank model.

  In such a gear machining simulation method, in the actual gear machining, a blank material and a cutter are arranged on a gear cutter and the same procedure as that for gear cutting is executed by a three-dimensional model. A three-dimensional model (gear model) of a gear having a shape similar to that of the generated gear can be generated, and a simulation regarding the gear can be executed.

  According to the present invention, the gear model generation procedure uses a Boolean calculation of the blank model and the cutter model.

  In such a gear machining simulation method, a gear model is generated by Boolean calculation of the blank model and the cutter model, and thus a gear model having the same shape as an actual gear machined by cutting a blank material with a cutter is generated. can do.

  Further, according to the present invention, the gear generation procedure generates a pair of gear models, and specifies a tooth contact state by simulation of rotating the pair of gear models generated in the gear model generation procedure in an assembled state. It further has a tooth contact state output procedure which outputs data.

  In such a gear machining simulation method, since the tooth contact state is analyzed using a pair of gear models generated through simulation similar to the actual machining method, the tooth contact state similar to the actual tooth contact state is obtained. Can be obtained.

  Further, the present invention further includes a gear model right / left determination procedure for comparing the data specifying the tooth contact state output in the tooth contact state output procedure with a predetermined reference value to determine whether the gear model is right or wrong. It is characterized by having.

  In such a gear machining simulation method, whether or not the tooth contact state obtained by the simulation can be determined, it is possible to easily confirm whether or not an appropriate tooth contact state has been obtained.

  Further, the present invention provides a machine of the cutter model and the gear cutting machine model for setting a relative positional relationship between the blank model and the cutter model when the determination result in the determination procedure of the gear model is not At least one of the settings is changed, and the gear model generation procedure is executed based on the changed cutter model or the machine setting.

  In such a gear machining simulation method, if an appropriate tooth contact state is not obtained, the machining conditions are automatically changed to execute again the process after the gear cutting simulation. Therefore, it is possible to easily obtain a processing condition that provides a satisfactory tooth contact state.

  Further, the present invention further includes a heat treatment procedure for generating a gear heat treatment model by simulation of heat treatment for the gear model when the judgment result in the gear model right or wrong judgment procedure is good, and the heat treatment procedure is generated by the heat treatment procedure. The tooth contact state output procedure is executed using a gear heat treatment model as the gear model.

  In such a gear machining simulation method, since the tooth contact state is analyzed by the gear model subjected to the heat treatment simulation, it is possible to obtain the tooth contact state in consideration of the influence of the heat treatment on the shape of the gear.

  Further, the present invention further includes a surface machining procedure for generating a gear surface machining model by simulation of surface machining for the gear model when the judgment result in the gear model right judgment procedure is good, and the surface machining procedure The tooth contact state output procedure is executed using the gear surface machining model generated by the above as the gear model.

  In such a gear machining simulation method, since the tooth contact state analysis is executed by the gear model subjected to the surface machining simulation, it is possible to obtain the tooth contact state in consideration of the influence of the surface machining on the shape of the gear.

  Further, as means for solving the above-described problems, the present invention provides an apparatus for realizing the processing in the gear machining simulation method, a program for causing a computer to perform the method, or a storage medium storing the program. You can also.

  According to the present invention, since the same procedure as the procedure of arranging the blank material and the cutter on the gear cutter and executing the gear cutting is executed by the three-dimensional model in the processing of the actual gear, the actually processed gear A three-dimensional model (gear model) of a gear having the same shape can be generated, and a simulation regarding the gear can be executed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a simulation such as processing of a hypoid gear set will be described as an example.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of a gear machining simulation device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. A gear machining simulation device 10 in FIG. 1 includes a drive device 100, a storage medium 101, an auxiliary storage device 102, a memory device 103, an arithmetic processing device 104, and a display device 105, which are mutually connected by a bus B. And an input device 106.

  A gear machining simulation program used by the gear machining simulation apparatus 10 is provided by a storage medium 101 such as a CD-ROM. The recording medium 101 on which the gear machining simulation program is recorded is set in the drive device 100, and the gear machining simulation program is installed from the recording medium 101 to the auxiliary storage device 102 via the drive device 100.

  The auxiliary storage device 102 stores the installed gear machining simulation program and also stores necessary files and data. For example, the auxiliary storage device 102 stores various tables, which will be described later, necessary for the processing of the gear machining simulation program. The memory device 103 reads the gear machining simulation program from the auxiliary storage device 102 and stores it when there is a gear machining simulation program activation instruction, such as when the gear machining simulation device 10 is activated. The arithmetic processing unit 104 executes functions related to the gear machining simulation device 10 according to the gear machining simulation program stored in the memory device 103.

  The display device 105 displays a state of simulation by the gear machining simulation program, and the input device 106 includes a keyboard and a mouse, and is used for inputting various operation instructions.

  Next, a functional configuration example of the gear machining simulation device 10 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the gear machining simulation apparatus.

  In FIG. 2, the gear machining simulation device 10 includes a rough specification calculation unit 12, a blank model generation unit 13, a cutter specification calculation unit 14, a machine setting calculation unit 15, a performance / strength calculation unit 16, and a performance strength. Determination means 17, cutter model generation means 18, gear cutting simulation means 19, tooth contact simulation means 20, determination means 21, heat treatment simulation means 22, lapping process simulation means 23, correction tooth A hit state calculation means 24, a parameter correction means 25, and a correction parameter determination table 30 are provided.

  The rough specification calculation means 12 calculates a rough value (theoretical value) of the gear specification based on the design value 50 of the gear input by the user, and outputs it as a rough specification value 51.

  The blank model generation means 13 generates a pinion blank 54a (not shown) and a gear blank model 54b as three-dimensional shape data of the pinion and gear blank material before gear cutting based on the design value 50 and the approximate specification value 51. To do. Note that the blank model 54 in the figure collectively represents these.

  The cutter specification calculation means 14 is based on the design value 50, the rough specification value 51, and the specification value of the shape of the gear cutter based on the target value 53 which is a target value of the tooth contact state preset by the user. Calculate the cutter specification 55 as a value.

  The machine setting calculation means 15 calculates the machine setting of the gear cutter based on the rough specification value 51, the cutter specification 55, and the target value 53, and outputs the result as a machine setting 57. Further, the machine setting calculation means 15 sets the machine setting 57 in the gear cutting machine model 58 which is the three-dimensional shape data of the gear cutting machine generated in advance.

  The performance / strength calculation means 16 calculates the performance and strength of the gear to be simulated based on the design value 50, the rough specification value 51, the cutter specification 51, and the machine setting 57, and the performance / strength information. 52 is output.

  Based on the performance / strength information 52, the performance / strength determination means 17 determines whether the performance and strength of the gear to be simulated is appropriate.

  The cutter model generation means 18 generates a cutter model 56 that is three-dimensional shape data of the gear cutter based on the cutter specification 55.

  The gear cutting simulation means 19 arranges the blank model 54 on the gear cutting machine model 58 on which the cutter model 56 is installed, and executes a gear cutting simulation. The gear cutting simulation means 19 generates, as a result of the gear cutting simulation, a pinion model 59a and a gear model 59b (not shown), which are three-dimensional shape data of the pinion and gear. Note that the gear model 59 in the drawing collectively represents these.

  The tooth contact simulation means 20 executes a simulation for analyzing the tooth contact state by rotating the pinion model 59a and the gear model 59b in an assembled state. The tooth contact simulation means 20 outputs a tooth contact state 60 as a result of the tooth contact state simulation.

  The determination means 21 determines whether the tooth contact state 60 satisfies the target value 53 or the like.

  The heat treatment simulating means 22 executes a heat treatment simulation on the gear model 59, and generates a pinion heat treatment model 61a and a gear heat treatment model 61b (not shown) as the three-dimensional shape data of the pinion and gear deformed by the heat treatment. Note that the heat treatment model 61 in the drawing collectively represents these.

  The surface processing simulation means 23 performs, for example, a simulation of a lap process on the heat treatment model 61, and a pinion lap process model 62a (not shown) and a gear wrap process are obtained as three-dimensional shape data of the pinion and gear deformed by the lap process. A model 62b is generated. The wrap processing model 62 in the figure expresses these together. The generated lap processing model 62 is analyzed for the tooth contact state by the tooth contact simulation means 20.

  When the tooth contact state 60 analyzed by the tooth contact simulation means 19 for the wrap processing model 62 does not satisfy the target value 53, the corrected tooth contact state calculating unit 24 sets the tooth contact state 60 after the wrap processing to the target value. In order to satisfy 53, it is calculated what the tooth contact state before the lapping and heat treatment should be. Further, a machine setting 57 for obtaining the tooth contact state is calculated and set in the gear cutting machine model 58. The tooth cutting simulation is executed again based on the machine setting 57 corrected by the corrected tooth contact state calculating means 24, and further the tooth contact state analysis is executed.

  When the tooth contact state 60 analyzed by the tooth contact simulation means 19 for the gear model 59 does not satisfy the target value 53, the parameter correction means 25 refers to the correction parameter determination table 30 to obtain the cutter specification 55 and It is determined which of the machine settings 57 can be modified to generate a gear model 59 that provides a tooth contact state 60 that can satisfy the target value 53. Further, the parameter modifying means 25 searches the modified parameter determination table 30 for the modified value of the cutter specification 55 or the machine setting 57, and modifies the cutter model 56 or the gear cutter model 58 based on the modified value. In addition, based on the cutter model 56 or the gear cutting machine model 58 modified by the parameter modifying means 25, the gear cutting simulation is executed again, and the tooth contact state analysis is further executed.

  Hereinafter, a processing procedure of the gear machining simulation device 10 of FIG. 2 will be described. In the present embodiment, a simulation of machining a pair of pinions and gears will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an outline of processing of the gear machining simulation apparatus.

  In step S10, the gear machining simulation device 10 generates a blank model 54 and a cutter model 56 based on input values to be described later such as a gear design value and calculates a machine setting of the gear cutting machine model 58. Furthermore, the gear machining simulation device 10 installs the cutter model 56 on the gear cutting machine model 58 and arranges the blank model 54 to execute the gear cutting simulation. The gear machining simulation device 10 generates a gear model 59, that is, a pair of pinion models 59a and a gear model 59b as a result of the gear cutting simulation.

  Progressing to step S20 following step S10, the gear machining simulation device 10 arranges the pinion model 59a and the gear model 59b generated in step S10 in the assembled state, and analyzes the tooth contact state and the like.

  Progressing to step S30 following step S20, the gear machining simulation device 10 determines the analysis result of the tooth contact state. If a proper tooth contact state is obtained as a result of the determination (hereinafter referred to as “when it can be adopted”), the gear machining simulation device 10 outputs the gear specification values and machining conditions and ends the processing. In this case, the user may create a gear based on the output specification values and processing conditions.

As a result of the determination, if an appropriate tooth contact state is not obtained, the process proceeds to step S40, and the gear machining simulation device 10 modifies the machining conditions such as the cutter specification 55, the machine setting 57, and the gear cutting simulation in step S10 again. Redo from the default process. Therefore, the gear machining simulation device 10 repeats the processing from step S10 to step S40 until it finds the specification value and machining conditions of the gear that can obtain an appropriate tooth contact state within the condition given by the design value 50. Each step of the processing outline of the gear machining simulation apparatus 10 described in FIG. 3 will be described in more detail.

  First, the details of the gear cutting simulation process in step S10 of FIG. 3 will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the gear cutting simulation process.

  In step S100, the gear machining simulation device 10 takes in the target value 53 of the tooth contact state set by the user. The target value 53 captured here is used as a reference value for determining whether or not the gear can be used in the determination process of the analysis result of the tooth contact state described in step S30 of FIG.

  Here, parameters necessary for understanding the parameter of the target value 53 will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining parameters for determining a tooth contact state. A rectangle denoted by 150 in FIG. 5A represents one tooth surface of the gear. As for the portion indicated by alphabets, as shown in FIG. 5B, A is “effective tooth length”, B is “tooth contact length in the tooth line direction”, and C is “tooth line direction”. "Length from the center of the effective tooth surface to the center of the tooth contact", D is "effective tooth height length", E is the "length of tooth contact in the tooth height direction", and F is "the center of the effective tooth surface in the tooth height direction" ”To“ Gear contact center ”, G is“ Position of instantaneous contact point (tooth contact center) ”, H is“ Momentary tooth contact area ”, I is“ Total tooth contact area ”, J is“ Bias angle ” ", K represents" the center of the effective tooth surface ".

  Based on the above, the parameters constituting the target value 53 will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the determination value of the tooth contact state. As shown in FIG. 6, the target value 53 is composed of seven parameters, and a determination criterion and a determination allowable range are set for each. The criterion is the most desirable value and is used to calculate the deviation from the tooth contact state 60 that is the analysis result. The determination allowable range is used to determine whether the tooth contact state 60 can be used or not. That is, if the tooth contact state 60 is within the determination allowable range, it is determined as “adoptable”, and if out of the range, it is determined as “not applicable”.

Next, the seven parameters will be described with reference to FIG. “Ratio of tooth contact area to tooth surface area” is obtained by using the parameters shown in FIG.
(I / (A × D)) × 100
Can be obtained. In FIG. 6, the determination criterion is set to 25%, and the determination allowable range is set to 20 to 30%.

“Ratio of tooth contact direction tooth contact length to effective tooth length” is also (B / A) × 100
Can be obtained. In FIG. 6, the determination criterion is set to 50%, and the determination allowable range is set to 40 to 60%.

“Ratio of tooth contact length in the tooth height direction relative to effective tooth length” is also (E / D) × 100
Can be obtained. In FIG. 6, the determination criterion is set to 60%, and the determination allowable range is set to 50 to 70%.

“Tooth center deviation in the tooth trace direction” means the ratio of the length from the center of the effective tooth surface in the direction of the tooth trace to the center of the tooth contact with respect to the effective tooth length, and similarly (C / A) × 100
Can be obtained. In FIG. 6, the determination criterion is set to 20%, and the determination allowable range is set to 15 to 25%.

“Tooth contact in the tooth height direction” means the ratio of the length from the center of the effective tooth surface in the tooth height direction to the center of the tooth contact with respect to the effective tooth length, and similarly (F / D) × 100
Can be obtained. In FIG. 6, the determination criterion is set to 10%, and the determination allowable range is set to 5 to 15%.

  The “bias angle” is indicated by J in FIG. In FIG. 6, 30 degrees is set.

  The tooth contact position can be specified by the above six parameters.

  Further, “adjacent transfer curves intersect at only one point” means that the meshing of the pinion and the gear is smooth. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which adjacent transfer curves intersect at only one point. In the graph in the figure, the vertical axis represents the transmission error, the horizontal axis represents the rotation angle of the gear, and the three curves each represent a transmission curve for one tooth. In FIG. 7, the adjacent transfer curve 301 and the transfer curve 302 intersect only at the intersection 304, and the transfer curve 302 and the transfer curve 303 intersect only at the intersection 305, which satisfies this criterion. For example, if adjacent transmission curves do not intersect at all, even if the engagement of the front teeth pair is completed, the engagement of the rear teeth pair has not yet started, so a transmission impact occurs. The pair repeatedly engages alternately, indicating that the tooth contact is interrupted and causes transmission noise.

  Progressing to step S110 following step S100 of FIG. 4, the gear machining simulation device 10 takes in the design value 50 as the minimum condition value of the specifications of the gear and the cutter.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing parameters constituting the design value. The design value 50 is the number of teeth of the pinion, the number of gear teeth, the gear tooth width, the pinion offset, the gear pitch diameter, the cutter diameter, the average pressure angle, the tooth height coefficient, the gear tooth tip coefficient, the backlash (Bmin), and the backlash. (Bmax) and summary No. are stored in a tabular file as shown in FIG. 8, for example. The user designs each parameter of the design value 50 in advance as a minimum condition. The summary No. is for identifying the design value 50.

  Proceeding to step S120 following step S110, the rough specification calculation means 12 of the gear machining simulation device 10 calculates the specification as the theoretical value of the gear and the cutter, and outputs a rough specification value 51. The approximate specification value 51 is output for information on the entire blank shape and information on one tooth.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the approximate specification values of the blank shape output in the approximate specification calculation. The parameters shown in FIG. 9 relate to the entire blank shape among the rough specification values 51, and the number of teeth, the pitch diameter, the tip height, the tip height, and the outer diameter are different parameters for the pinion and the gear. The distance from the intersection to the apex of the pitch cone angle, the distance from the intersection to the apex of the tip cone angle, the distance from the intersection to the apex of the tooth cone angle, the distance from the intersection to the end face of the bevel gear, and from the intersection to the tip of the bevel gear Distance, pitch cone angle, tip cone angle, tooth cone angle and torsion angle, pinion offset as parameters only for pinion, outer diameter reference module and tooth width as parameters only for gear, pinion and gear It is composed of the average pressure angle, cutter diameter and tooth height as parameters with the same value, and is output to a tabular file as shown in Fig. 9, for example. .

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic specification value related to one tooth output in the schematic specification calculation. The parameters shown in FIG. 10 relate to one of the approximate specification values 51, and the average pitch radius, the average cone distance, the average tooth tip height, the average tooth root, and the parameters having different values for the pinion and the gear. The length, average tooth thickness, average tooth tip width and root angle, and the parameters of the same value for the pinion and the gear include the average tooth right angle module, clearance, average tooth height and limit pressure angle. Output to a tabular file as shown.

  Progressing to step S130 following step S120, the cutter specification calculation means 14 of the gear machining simulation device 10 calculates the specification of the cutter based on the design value 50 and the approximate specification value 51. Further, the machine setting calculation means 15 of the gear machining simulation device 10 calculates the machine setting of the gear cutting machine model 58 based on the rough specification value 51, the target value 53, and the cutter specification 55. At the same time, the machine setting 57 is set to the gear cutting machine model 58.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining cutter specifications. The cutter specification 55 includes a cutter diameter, an outer blade angle, an inner blade angle, and a tooth tip width, and is output, for example, in a tabular file as shown in FIG. In addition, the same value is output for the pinion and the gear, and different values for the pinion and the gear are output for the other parameters.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the machine setting of the gear cutter. The machine setting 57 has different values for the pinion and the gear, such as a machine root angle (Machine Root Angle), a machine center to back (Machine Center To Back), an eccentric angle (Eccentric Angle), and a cradle angle (Cradle Angle). Only the pinion parameters include sliding base, blank offset, swivel angle, spindle rotation angle, and start roll angle (Start Roll Angle). ), End roll angle (end roll angle: determining the end position of the cradle angle), and decimal ratio (decimal ratio), for example, in a tabular file as shown in FIG. It is a force.

  Progressing to step S140 following step S130 of FIG. 4, the performance / strength calculating means 16 of the gear machining simulation device 10 is based on the design value 50, the rough specification value 51, the cutter specification 55, and the machine setting 57. The performance and strength calculation of the generated gear is executed. The performance and strength calculation consists of two stages: a calculation related to the shape and a calculation related to the load condition.

  In the calculation related to the shape, a coefficient obtained only from the shape information such as the approximate specification value 51 is calculated. In the calculation related to the load condition, the intensity when an arbitrary input capacity and input rotation speed are given is calculated using the above-described coefficient.

  The performance / strength calculation means 16 extracts necessary parameters from the rough specification value 51, the cutter specification 55 and the machine setting 57 as input parameters at the preparatory calculation stage, or outputs the parameters as shown in FIG. To do.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram showing input parameters for preparatory calculation for performance and strength calculation. The input parameters for the calculation related to the shape are based on the design value 50, the rough specification value 51, the cutter specification 55 and the machine setting 57. The number of teeth, the pitch diameter, the torsion angle, the pitch, etc. Angle, average pitch radius and pinion only parameters as pinion offset, pinion average cone distance, distance from pinion intersection to bevel gear end face, distance from pinion intersection to bevel gear tip, cutter tip width and The tooth width is a parameter only for the gear, and the average pressure angle, the tooth height coefficient, the gear tooth tip coefficient, and the summary number are parameters that have the same value for the pinion and the gear. For example, as shown in FIG. Output to a tabular file.

  The performance / strength calculation means 16 performs a calculation related to the shape of the performance and strength calculation based on the parameters shown in FIG. 13, and outputs the parameters shown in FIG. 14 as the calculation results.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an output result of calculation related to the shape of performance and strength calculation. The output result of the calculation related to the shape is the number of teeth, average pitch radius, average cone distance, average tooth height, average tooth thickness, average tooth tip width, pitch diameter, cutter edge radius, geometry as parameters with different values for pinion and gear. Coefficient -J (factor for determining bending stress), average tooth right angle module as a parameter for gears only, outer diameter reference module, relative radius of curvature, load distribution ratio as parameters with the same values for pinion and gear , Contact length, geometric coefficient -I (factor for determining the surface pressure), and meshing rate (front, overlap, synthesis), for example, output to a tabular file as shown in FIG. .

  Further, the performance / strength calculation means 16 executes the performance and strength calculation for the input parameters shown in FIG. 15 based on the output result of the calculation related to the shape of the performance and strength calculation of FIG.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram showing input parameters for performance and strength calculation. The input parameters at the analysis stage include the input capacity and the input rotation speed. If the input capacity and input rotation speed values to be analyzed are input to a tabular file as shown in FIG. The means 16 calculates the performance and strength of the pinion and gear with respect to the input capacity and the input rotation speed, and outputs the calculation results to a tabular file as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram showing output results of performance and strength calculation. The output result of the performance and strength calculation is composed of bending stress as a parameter having different values for the pinion and the gear, and surface pressure, sliding speed, allowable transmission capacity, and efficiency as parameters having the same value for the pinion and the gear.

  Progressing to step S150 subsequent to step S140 of FIG. 4, the performance / strength determining means 17 of the gear machining simulation device 10 satisfies the predetermined criteria when the performance / strength information 52 including the parameters shown in FIGS. Judge whether or not.

  If the strength does not satisfy the standard, the process proceeds to step S110 in FIG. 4, and the gear machining simulation device 10 re-executes the simulation again with another design value 50. If the strength criterion is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S160.

  In step S160, the gear machining simulation device 10 uses a blank model 54 (pinion blank model 54a, gear blank) as a three-dimensional shape model of the blank material of the gear (pinion, gear) based on the design value 50 and the approximate specification value 51. A model 54b) is generated, and a cutter model 56 (pinion cutter model 56a, gear cutter model 56b) is generated based on the cutter specification 55 as a three-dimensional shape model of the cutter.

  Progressing to step S170 following step S160, the gear cutting simulation means 19 of the gear machining simulation device 10 installs the cutter model 56 on the gear cutting machine model 58 and also arranges the blank model 54.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a screen example in which the pinion blank model is arranged in the gear cutting machine model. A CAD screen 200 in FIG. 17 is a screen displayed on the display device 105 by the gear machining simulation device 10. The CAD screen 200 includes four windows 201, 202, 203, 204, a menu 205, and message areas 206, 207.

  The windows 201, 202, 203, and 204 display the state in which the pinion cutter model 56a and the pinion blank model 54a are arranged on the gear cutting machine model 58 from different directions.

  The menu 205 is used by the user of the gear machining simulation device 10 to input. The user can operate the gear machining simulation device 10 through the menu 205.

  The message areas 206 and 207 are areas for displaying a notification when an abnormality occurs in the simulation, an input promotion message for prompting the user to input, a processing result, and the like. Note that the screen 200 in the following description is a transition of the screen 200.

  In FIG. 17, the arbor and work head of the gear cutter model 58 are not displayed on the CAD screen 200 for convenience, but the arbor and work head may be displayed as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram (part 2) illustrating a screen example in which the pinion blank model is arranged in the gear cutting machine model. By displaying the arbor 581 as shown in the CAD screen 250, interference between the arbor 581 and the cutter spindle (Cutter Spindle) 582 can be checked.

  Note that the menu 205 and message areas 206 and 207 displayed on the CAD screen 200 of FIG. 17 on the CAD screen 250 are not shown for convenience, but are also displayed on the CAD screen 250 in the same manner. In the following description, the menu 205 and the message areas 206 and 207 are not shown for convenience.

  Moreover, FIG. 19 is a figure which shows the example of a screen which has arrange | positioned the gear blank model in the gear cutter model. The windows 301, 302, 303, and 304 on the screen 300 in FIG. 19 display the state in which the gear cutter model 56b and the gear blank model 54b are arranged on the gear cutting machine model 58 from different directions.

  Furthermore, FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a screen in which the pinion blank model is arranged on a gear cutting machine model having a different machine setting. It can be seen that the gear cutter model 58 in FIG. 20 is inclined as compared with the gear cutter model 58 in FIG. In this way, by changing the machine setting 57 of the gear cutting machine model 58, the relative positions of the blank model 54 and the cutter model 56 can be changed, and as a result, the shape of the generated gear model 59 can be changed. it can.

  Progressing to step S180 following step S170 of FIG. 4, the gear cutting simulation means 19 of the gear machining simulation apparatus 10 performs a simulation of cutting the blank model 54 arranged on the gear cutting machine model 58 with the cutter model 56. Execute to generate a gear model 59.

  Here, the gear cutting simulation process in step S180 will be described in more detail. FIG. 21 is a flowchart for explaining details of the simulation processing for gear cutting.

  In step S181, the gear cutting simulation unit 19 of the gear machining simulation device 10 executes a Boolean operation between the blank model 54 and the cutter model 56, that is, a process of removing a portion overlapping the cutter model 56 from the blank model 54.

  Proceeding to step S182 following step S181, the gear cutting simulation means 19 determines whether or not gear cutting with a sufficient number of teeth is performed to execute a tooth contact state analysis process described later. If the cutting of a sufficient number of teeth has already been completed, the gear cutting simulation means 19 ends the process, and if incomplete, the process proceeds to step S183.

  In step S183, if the blank model 54 is the pinion blank model 54a, the gear cutting simulation unit 19 rotates the blank model 54 and the cutter model 56 on the respective rotation axes because the generating gear cutting method is used. It should be noted that the finer the rotation angle, the closer to the actual tooth profile. When the blank model 54 is the gear blank model 54b, since it is based on the forming gear cutting method, only the blank model 54 is rotated on its rotation axis.

  Proceeding to step S181 following step S183, the gear cutting simulation means 19 repeats the processing after step S181 depending on the new relative position of the blank model 54 and the cutter model 56 by the rotation of the blank model 54 and the like.

  FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen simulating gear cutting of a pinion blank model. In FIG. 22, it can be seen that the pinion blank model 54a is cut by the pinion cutter model 56a to generate the pinion model 59a.

  Furthermore, FIG. 23 is a figure which shows the example of a screen which simulates gear cutting of a gear blank model. In FIG. 23, it can be seen that the gear blank model 54b is cut by the gear cutter model 56b and the gear model 59b is generated.

  Next, details of the tooth contact state analysis and determination processing in steps S20 and S30 of FIG. 3 using the generated pinion model 59a and gear model 59b will be described. FIG. 24 is a flowchart for explaining tooth contact state analysis and determination processing.

  In step S190, the tooth contact simulation means 20 of the gear machining simulation device 10 is in a state before the simulation of heat treatment and surface machining processing to be described later, that is, in a state as generated by the gear cutting simulation means 19. It is determined whether or not the gear model 59 has already been determined to satisfy the target value 53 of the tooth contact state by the processing described later. Initially, since the analysis of the tooth contact state has not been executed, the target value 53 of the tooth contact state is not satisfied, and the process proceeds to step S200.

  In step S200, the tooth contact simulation unit 20 arranges the pinion model 59a and the gear model 59b generated by the gear cutting simulation unit 19 in an assembled state that is an actual use state.

  FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen in which the pinion model and the gear model are arranged in an assembled state. In FIG. 25, it can be seen that the pinion model 59a and the gear model 59b are arranged in an assembled state.

  Proceeding to step S210 following step S200, the tooth contact simulation means 20 calculates the tooth contact state 60 by simulation of rotating the pinion model 59a and the gear model 59b in the assembled state shown in FIG. The state 60 is output with the same parameter as the parameter of the target value 53 shown in FIG.

  The tooth contact state 60 can also be confirmed on the screen. FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen that displays a tooth contact state. In FIG. 26, a portion indicated by 591 indicates one tooth of the gear model 59b, and an elliptical portion indicated by 592 indicates an instantaneous tooth contact area.

  Progressing to step S220 following step S210, the determination means 21 of the gear machining simulation apparatus 10 determines whether the tooth contact state 60 obtained in step S210 is within the determination allowable range of the target value 53 shown in FIG. It is also determined whether the tooth contact state 60 is an abnormal tooth contact state. Here, the abnormal tooth contact state is a state where the tooth contact state 60 is far from the target value 53 and there is a suspicion such as an input error such as the design value 50 or the like.

  FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating threshold values for determining abnormal tooth contact. In FIG. 27, the threshold value for abnormal tooth contact is shown for each parameter that is the same as the determination parameter in FIG. 6, and when any parameter is determined to be abnormal, it is determined that the abnormal tooth contact state is present. For example, the “ratio of the tooth contact area to the tooth surface area” is determined to be abnormal if it is less than 2.5%. When "the ratio of the tooth contact direction tooth length to the effective tooth length" is less than 5%, "the ratio of the tooth length direction tooth contact length to the effective tooth length" is less than 6%, It is determined that there is an abnormality when “tooth bias direction tooth center deviation” is greater than 45% and “tooth direction tooth center deviation” is greater than 45%.

  In step S220 of FIG. 24, if the determination unit 21 determines that there is abnormal tooth contact, the process proceeds to step S230. Here, the user checks whether there is any abnormality in the machine setting 57, the assembly position of the pinion model 59a and the gear model 59b in step S200, or the approximate specification value 51. In addition, it is also checked whether the deformation amount of the gear model 59 is not excessive by simulation of heat treatment and lap processing described later. If there is an abnormality, a new design value 50 is input by recalculation, and the processing from step S110 in FIG. 4 is re-executed.

  In step S220, if the tooth contact state 60 is not an abnormal tooth contact but is not an appropriate tooth contact state, that is, not within the determination allowable range of the target value 53, the determination means 21 cannot adopt the generated gear model 59. Is determined. In this case, the gear machining simulation device 10 executes a parameter modification process to be described later, and re-executes the gear cutting simulation process (step S170) and subsequent steps under new machining conditions.

  In step S220, when the tooth contact state 60 is an appropriate tooth contact state, that is, within the determination allowable range of the target value 53, the determination unit 21 determines that the generated gear model 59 can be used, and continues to step S220. Proceed to step S240. In step S240, the gear machining simulation device 10 determines whether or not the gear model 59 has been subjected to a simulation of heat treatment and lapping. If the simulation of heat treatment and lapping has not been performed, the process proceeds to step S270.

  In step S <b> 270, the heat treatment simulation means 22 of the gear machining simulation device 10 executes a heat treatment simulation for the gear model 59. As a result of this heat treatment simulation, a heat treatment model 61 (pinion heat treatment model 61a, gear heat treatment model 61b), which is a gear model 59 deformed by the heat treatment, is generated. The simulation of heat treatment is well known and will not be described in detail here.

  Progressing to step S280 following step S270, the lap process simulation means 23 of the gear machining simulation apparatus 10 executes a lap process simulation for the heat treatment model 61. As a result of the simulation of the lap process, a lap process model 62 (pinion lap process model 62a, gear wrap process model 62b) which is a heat treatment model 61 deformed by the lap process is generated.

  Here, the simulation of the lap process may be performed in the same manner as steps S170 and S180 in FIG. That is, the heat treatment model 61 is arranged on the three-dimensional model of the lapping machine shown in FIG. 28, and the Boolean calculation of the pinion heat treatment model 61a and the gear heat treatment model 61b is executed.

  FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating a lap process simulation. In FIG. 28, a pinion heat treatment model 61a and a gear heat treatment model 61b are installed on a lapping machine 400 in an engaged state. In this state, the lap treatment simulating means 23 rotates the pinion heat treatment model 61a and the gear heat treatment model 61b, and further moves in three directions of the pinion axial direction, the gear axial direction, and the offset direction, while the pinion heat treatment model 61a. And the Boolean operation of the gear heat treatment model 61b.

  Progressing to step S200 following step S280, the gear machining simulation device 10 re-executes the tooth contact state analysis processing after step S200 using the lapping processing model 62. However, since the tooth contact state is analyzed in consideration of deformation due to heat treatment and lapping, the determination result in step S220 may be different from the determination before the simulation of heat treatment and lapping.

  In step S220, if the determination means 21 determines that the tooth contact state in the lapping process model 62 is good and the lapping process model 62 can be adopted, the process proceeds to step S250 via step S240.

  In step S250, the gear model machining simulation device 10 outputs gear specification values, gear setting machine settings, and cutter specifications. The output result is configured with parameters similar to the approximate specification value 51 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the cutter specification 55 shown in FIG. 11, and the machine setting 57 shown in FIG. Therefore, if the person in charge of the gear manufactures the gear according to the output result, it is possible to manufacture the pinion and the gear that can obtain an appropriate tooth contact state.

  Proceeding to step S260 following step S250, the gear model machining simulation apparatus 10 outputs the three-dimensional coordinate data of the tooth surfaces of the lap model 62 in order to confirm the validity of the simulation result described later, and ends the processing. .

  Next, details of the parameter modification processing in step S40 of FIG. 3 will be described. FIG. 29 shows a flowchart for explaining the parameter modification processing.

  In step S220 of FIG. 24, when it is determined that the gear model 59 or the lap model 62 cannot be adopted, the process proceeds to step S300.

  In step S <b> 300, the gear machining simulation device 10 determines whether the gear model 59 has been subjected to the simulation of the heat treatment and the lapping process, that is, whether it is the lapping process model 62. If it is determined that a simulation such as heat treatment has not been performed, the process proceeds to step S310.

  In step S310, the correction tooth contact state calculation unit 24 of the gear machining simulation device 10 determines that the tooth contact state in the gear model 59 before simulation of heat treatment and lap processing (hereinafter “ What is supposed to be "corrected tooth contact state") is calculated by comparing the tooth contact state 60 with the target value 53. The corrected tooth contact state is output with parameters similar to the determination parameters in FIG.

  Proceeding to step S360 following step S310, the corrected tooth contact state calculating means 24 calculates the machine setting 57 of the gear cutting machine for which the corrected tooth contact state is obtained, and sets it in the gear cutting machine model 58.

  If it is determined in step S300 that a simulation such as heat treatment has already been executed, the process proceeds to step S320, where the gear machining simulation device 10 determines that the number of changes of the machine setting 57 of the gear cutting model 58 is a predetermined threshold value. It is judged whether it is not exceeded. This is because the machine setting 57 is corrected by the processing in this flowchart, the simulation of the gear cutting and the tooth contact state is executed again, and if the adoption is not possible, the processing of correcting the machine setting 57 again is repeated. This is to prevent an infinite loop. Therefore, when the number of changes of the machine setting 57 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the process proceeds to step S110 in FIG.

  Proceeding to step S330 following step S320, the parameter modifying means 25 of the gear machining simulation device 10 modifies either the cutter specification 55 or the machine setting 57 as the specifications of the cutter in order to obtain an appropriate tooth contact. It is determined by referring to the modification parameter determination table 30.

FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating a modification parameter determination table. The modification parameter determination table 30 in FIG. 30 is a table that manages a tooth contact evaluation value for each state of the tooth contact state 60 and a modification value (difference from the current value) of a processing condition for obtaining an appropriate tooth contact. is there. In other words, the modification parameter determination table 30 has dozens of kinds of types of the tooth contact state 60 in the column (horizontal) direction, and “toothing” in which the tooth contact state in the row (vertical) direction is illustrated by an ellipse. It has items of “Batch”, “Evaluation value of tooth contact state”, and “Modification value of machining condition” as a modification value of the machining condition for obtaining an appropriate tooth contact. The “evaluation value of the tooth contact state” is composed of parameters similar to the target value 53, and is indicated by the ratio of the tooth contact state 60 as an analysis result with respect to the target value 53. That is,
Evaluation value of tooth contact state = tooth contact state 60 / target value 53
Asking. Therefore, an arbitrary parameter of the “evaluation value of the tooth contact state”, for example, “bias angle” of 1 means that the bias angle of the tooth contact state 60 is equal to the bias angle of the target value 53. The “modified value of machining conditions” is composed of a “cutter diameter modified value” as a modified value of the cutter diameter, which is one parameter of the cutter specification 55, and a “machine setting modified value” as a modified value of the machine setting 57. The

  State 1 represents a case where all parameters are 1, that is, the tooth contact state 60 matches the target value 53. In this case, an appropriate tooth contact state is obtained, and it is not necessary to modify the cutter diameter and the machine setting 57.

  State 2 is a case where the evaluation value of “the ratio of the tooth contact area to the tooth surface area” is larger than 1.5, that is, the value in the tooth contact state 60 is larger than 1.5 times the value in the target value 53. Represents. In this case, the modification parameter determination table 30 indicates that the cutter diameter does not need to be modified, but the machine setting 57 needs to be modified (in the figure, the modified value is represented by “***”). ).

  Similarly to state 2, state 3 does not require modification of the cutter diameter, but it can be seen that machine setting 57 needs to be modified.

  The state 4 represents a case where the evaluation value of “the ratio of the tooth contact direction tooth contact length to the effective tooth length” is 1.5. In this case, the modification parameter determination table 30 indicates that the machine setting 57 does not need to be modified, but the cutter diameter needs to be changed.

  The modified value of the processing condition for each state may be generated by accumulating past data. Accordingly, only four types of states are shown for convenience, but in reality, there are several tens of types of data, and as the number of data increases, the types of states increase. The accuracy of the machine setting 57 can be improved. In step S330 in FIG. 290, when the parameter modifying unit 25 determines that the modified parameter is the cutter diameter included in the design value 50, the process proceeds as follows.

  When only the “ratio of the tooth contact direction tooth contact length to the effective tooth contact length” is not 1 among the “tooth contact state evaluation values” of the modification parameter determination table 30, the process proceeds to step S350. In step S350, the parameter modifying means 25 modifies the cutter diameter and generates a new cutter model 56.

  In cases other than the above, that is, when the “ratio of the tooth contact direction tooth length relative to the effective tooth length” of the “tooth contact condition evaluation value” is 1, or “the tooth contact direction tooth contact relative to the effective tooth line length” If there is a parameter other than “1” other than the “ratio of length”, the process proceeds to step S110 in FIG. 4, and the processing after step S110 is executed based on the modified value of the cutter diameter acquired from the modified parameter determination table 30.

  In step S330, if the parameter modifying unit 25 determines that the modified parameter is the machine setting 57, the process proceeds to step S340. In step S <b> 340, the parameter modification unit 25 sets the modification value of the machine setting 57 acquired from the modification parameter determination table 30 in the gear cutting machine model 58.

  In step S340, step S350, or step S360, when the gear machining simulation device 10 corrects the cutter model 56 or the gear cutting machine model 58, the process proceeds to step S170 in FIG. Re-execute the analysis of the hit state.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the gear model 59 having the same shape as the actual gear can be obtained because the simulation of gear cutting is performed by the same procedure as the actual gear processing. In addition, since the tooth contact state is analyzed using the gear model 59 having the same shape as the actual shape, a tooth contact state similar to the actual tooth contact state can be obtained. Furthermore, if the tooth contact condition is not good, the correction of the machining conditions and the simulation such as gear cutting are repeated until an appropriate tooth contact is obtained, so the gear specifications, machining conditions, etc. to obtain an appropriate tooth contact. Can be easily obtained.
A method for confirming the validity of the gear specification values, machining conditions, and the like obtained from the gear machining simulation apparatus 10 will be described below.

  FIG. 31 is a flowchart for explaining a method for confirming the validity of a simulation result.

  In step S400, an actual gear is manufactured based on the gear specifications, processing conditions, and the like obtained from the gear processing simulation device 10.

  Progressing to step S410 following step S400, the shape of the manufactured gear is measured by a three-dimensional measuring machine or a shape measuring machine.

  Progressing to step S420 following step S410, the coordinate data of the gear shape measured by a coordinate measuring machine or the like is output.

  Progressing to step S430 following step S420, a three-dimensional gear model (hereinafter referred to as “gear real model”) is generated from the coordinate data of the gear shape. The gear real model may be generated in the same data format as the gear model 59.

  Progressing to step S440 following step S430, the shapes of the gear model 59 and the gear real model are compared. If the shape is the same or the difference is within the allowable range, the validity is confirmed. If the shapes are so different that they cannot be ignored, the process proceeds to step S450.

  In step S450, a machine setting 57 and a cutter specification 55 for correcting the tooth profile are calculated, and the gear cutter model 58 and the cutter model 56 are corrected. Furthermore, based on the modified gear cutting machine model 58 and the cutter model 56, the process after step S170 of FIG.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims.・ Change is possible.

It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the gearwheel machining simulation apparatus in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the function structural example of a gear-gearing simulation apparatus. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the process outline | summary of a gear cutting simulation apparatus. It is a flowchart for demonstrating a gear-cutting simulation process. It is a figure for demonstrating the parameter for determining a tooth contact state. It is a figure which shows the example of the parameter for determining a tooth contact state. It is a figure which shows the state which an adjacent transfer curve cross | intersects only at one point. It is a figure which shows the parameter which comprises a design value. It is a figure which shows the rough specification value of the blank shape output by rough specification calculation. It is a figure which shows the rough specification value regarding one tooth | gear output by rough specification calculation. It is a figure for demonstrating a cutter specification. It is a figure for demonstrating the machine setting of a gear cutter. It is a figure which shows the input parameter of the calculation regarding the shape of performance and intensity | strength calculation. It is a figure which shows the output result of the calculation regarding the shape of performance and intensity | strength calculation. It is a figure which shows the input parameter of performance and intensity | strength calculation. It is a figure which shows the output result of performance and intensity | strength calculation. It is a figure which shows the example of a screen which has arrange | positioned the pinion blank model to the gear cutting machine model. It is FIG. (2) which shows the example of a screen which has arrange | positioned the pinion blank model in the gearboard model. It is a figure which shows the example of a screen which has arrange | positioned the gear blank model to the gear cutter model. It is a figure which shows the example of a screen which has arrange | positioned the pinion blank model in the gear cutting machine model of a different machine setting. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the detail of the simulation process of a gear cut. It is a figure which shows the example of a screen simulating the gear cutting of a pinion blank model. It is a figure which shows the example of a screen which simulates gear cutting of a gear blank model. It is a flowchart for demonstrating a tooth-contact state analysis and determination process. It is a figure which shows the example of a screen which has arrange | positioned the pinion model and the gear model in the assembly state. It is a figure which shows the example of a screen which displays the tooth contact state of a gear model. It is a figure which shows the threshold value for determining abnormal tooth contact. It is a figure which shows the mode of the simulation of a lapping process. It is a flowchart for demonstrating a parameter correction process. It is a figure which shows the table for judgment of a correction parameter. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the confirmation method of the validity of a simulation result.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Schematic specification calculation means 13 Blank model generation means 14 Cutter specification calculation means 15 Machine setting calculation means 16 Performance / strength calculation means 17 Performance strength determination means 18 Cutter model generation means 19 Gear cutting simulation means 20 Tooth contact simulation means 21 Determination means 22 Heat treatment simulation means 23 Surface processing treatment simulation means 24 Correction tooth contact information calculation means 25 Parameter correction means 30 Modification parameter determination table 100 Drive device 101 Storage medium 102 Auxiliary storage device 103 Memory device 104 Arithmetic processing device 105 Display device 106 Input device B bus

Claims (6)

A display procedure for displaying on the display device the state in which the blank model and the cutter model are arranged in the gear cutting machine model that defines the relative positional relationship between the blank model and the cutter model;
A gear model generation procedure for generating a gear model from the blank model by a gear cutting simulation based on the blank model, the cutter model, and the gear cutting machine model displayed on the display device. Gear machining simulation method. The gear processing simulation method according to claim 1, wherein the display procedure displays at least an arbor and a cutter spindle for the gear cutting machine model. A display procedure for displaying on the display device the state in which the blank model and the cutter model are arranged in the gear cutting machine model that defines the relative positional relationship between the blank model and the cutter model;
Based on the blank model, the cutter model, and the gear cutting machine model displayed on the display device, the computer executes a gear model generation procedure for generating a gear model from the blank model by gear cutting simulation. Gear machining simulation program. The gear processing simulation program according to claim 3, wherein the display procedure displays at least an arbor and a cutter spindle for the gear cutting machine model. Display means for displaying on the display device a state in which the blank model and the cutter model are arranged in the gear cutting machine model that defines the relative positional relationship between the blank model and the cutter model;
Gear model generation means for generating a gear model from the blank model by a gear cutting simulation based on the blank model, the cutter model, and the gear cutting machine model displayed on the display device. Gear machining simulation device. 6. The gear machining simulation device according to claim 5, wherein the display means displays at least an arbor and a cutter spindle for the gear cutting machine model.