JP2005319435A - Bottom sediment improvement device utilizing properties of solar cell, direct current motor, and extended paddle vane - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bottom sediment improvement device which recovers an ecosystem by supplying oxygen to the bottom of a pond, a dam lake, and a cove where the water bottom is an anoxic state to be putrefied, and fishes and shellfishes cannot grow, and purifies water by a food chain while increasing the fishes and shellfishes. <P>SOLUTION: By a method for rotating a paddle vane extended in the water surface direction, a huge amount of water can be turned over with a small energy consumption to expose bottom water to sun and wind. The circulation flow of the water activates the water bottom over a wide area to increase the fishes and shellfishes, and water is purified by the food chain. The water purification action caused by the flow depends on the amount of the turned-over water. In order to obtain the stable amount of the turned-over water with drastically changing sunlight, the properties of a solar cell, a DC motor, and the extended paddle vane are coordinated so as to increase and decrease the amount of the turned-over water in proportion to 1/2 power of the product of the length of the paddle vane extended in the water surface direction and the intensity of sunlight. Thereby a large amount of water can be turned over with weak light by extending the vane. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

  Water in the food chain while breeding seafood by supplying oxygen to the bottom of ponds, dam lakes, and inland seas where the seabed has become anoxic, decays, and seafood no longer grows. The present invention relates to a bottom quality improving device for purifying sewage.

  Various methods have been devised and implemented for the purification of water in large ponds, dam lakes, and inland seas. However, there were no successful examples. However, recently, a method of purifying water using blades greatly expanded on the surface of the water and purifying water by utilizing natural forces (see Japanese Patent No. 3360075) has become popular, and has been reported by many people and reported good results. Has been.

Advanced technology and medicine are not required. A power source of 3000m ² is activated and revitalized with only 50 watts of power, and if solar cells are installed, no power source is required. Water purification, seafood farming, all the challenges of water environment countermeasures Will be resolved only by the power of the sun. In addition, new fields of application of solar cells will be developed, which will spur the spread of solar cells, and will have a great effect on global environmental measures such as CO ₂ reduction. Based on this idea, people have recently been conducting experiments to purify ponds by turning water drainage blades with solar cells.

Problems to be solved by the invention

  However, it is not a simple problem that can be achieved by switching from the power source of the AC power source to the power source of the solar cell. The driving conditions of the motor change drastically due to changes such as clear weather, cloudy weather, and rain. In order to keep turning in cloudy, rainy, morning and evening, the storage battery must be charged with the generated current of the solar cell and kept at a constant driving condition. But this battery has a lifetime. It is heavy and regular maintenance is difficult.

  There is also concern about the contamination of lead used in storage batteries. It is a problem to use equipment that should clean the environment with heavy metals that can cause environmental pollution. These opinions, looking to the future of environmental problems, cannot be ignored.

  The biggest problem with the use of solar cells is storage batteries. Without this, on both cloudy and rainy days, the pond water will continue to be cultivated for a long time before the sun rises and sinks, regardless of the intensity of the sunlight, supplying oxygen to the bottom and protecting the bottom from corruption It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for improving the bottom quality.

Means for solving the problem

  An experiment was conducted to check whether the pond can be prevented from decaying by charging the storage battery with the generated current of the solar cell to change it to alternating current, and rotating the watering blade spread in the direction of the water surface with an AC motor. The driving time is 8 hours a day from 8 o'clock in the morning to 4 o'clock in the evening. As a result, it was convinced that the rot of the pond could be sufficiently prevented even without a storage battery by using a DC motor so that the rotation speed of the blades automatically changes according to the intensity of sunlight.

  When the scraper blade spread in the direction of the water surface is rotated at a low speed, the water at the bottom of the water is guided to the water surface and rises, and a flow that follows the law of conservation of angular momentum occurs on the water surface. The water that has risen to the surface of the water rides on the flow and is exposed to the wind and the sun. In the process, the wind blowing on the surface of the water emits ammonia and odors that are harmful to seafood from the water, and the sun produces oxygen through active phytoplankton photosynthesis. Water that increases dissolved oxygen and eliminates harmful components returns to the bottom of the water, flows in the direction of the bottom of the water, supplies oxygen to the bottom of the water, and converges at the origin of the original flow. It changes to the field to produce. Water-soluble nitrogen and phosphorus are fixed to plankton in this field, and become feed for underwater insects, small fish, shrimps, etc., which become feed for eel, thailand, pufferfish, etc., and are converted into fish in the food chain Disappears. Organic matter contained in sludge is also a valuable organic resource. It becomes fertilizer in the activated underwater field, becomes plankton, is converted into fish and eventually disappears.

  This method of cultivating water and purifying water by restoring the ecosystem draws out three powers of natural purification, that is, protein production by the sun, wind, and underwater fields, ponds and dam lakes, It purifies the inland sea and can be said to be the principle of purifying water by drawing out the power of natural self-purification.

Judging from what is described in the above, the purifying power of this principle is zero when the water surface area is zero, and zero even when the cultivated water is zero. Therefore, the purifying power of this principle is expressed by the product of the water surface area and the amount of cultivated water, and is considered to be proportional to the amount of cultivated water.

According to the flow theory, this cultivated quantity Q [m ³ / s] is expressed as follows using the length R [m] from the rotation axis to the tip of the watering blade and the blade rotation frequency f [rps]. It is.
Q = K ₁ R ³ f (1)
K ₁ is a shape factor determined by the shape of the paddle blades.

On the other hand, the generated current of the solar cell is proportional to the intensity of sunlight, and the torque of the DC motor is proportional to the current flowing through the drive coil. Therefore, if the generated current is directly applied to the coil of the DC motor and the torque obtained by rotating the motor is amplified by the speed reducer and the blade is rotated, the rotation speed of the blade is expressed by the following formula: It is expressed as
f = K ₂ (ηk / ρσR ⁵ ) ^1/2 (I) ^1/2 (2)
η is the transmission efficiency of the reducer, ρ [Kg / m ³ ] is the density of water, σ is the reduction ratio of the reducer, and k [s] is a proportional constant representing the proportional relationship between torque and light intensity. . The K ₂ is another shape coefficient determined in the form of a blade.

Substituting the equation (2) into the equation (1) and introducing the blade shape factor K again to represent the amount of cultivated water,
Q = K (ηk / ρσ) ^1/2 (RI) ^1/2 (3)
Thus, it can be seen that the amount of water cultivated by the solar cell and the DC motor is proportional to the 1/2 power of the product of the length R of the watering blade and the light intensity I.

  According to this, even if it is cloudy and the intensity of light becomes 1/2 that of fine weather, the amount of cultivated water is only reduced by 30%. Even if it becomes weaker and becomes 1/9, the decrease in cultivated water is only 1/3 of that in fine weather. In addition, even when I is small due to weak light, a sufficient amount of cultivating water can be obtained by expanding the watering blade and increasing R.

  However, the problem with DC motors is the lifetime of the brushes that supply current in contact with the rotating commutator. At most, 2000 hours is the limit, and it has only 200 days by driving for 10 hours a day. Since it is installed in the center of a large pond and is turned, it takes a lot of trouble if you go to the boat and perform maintenance.

  In such a case, it is possible to make maintenance-free using a brushless DC motor or a stepping motor including a drive circuit and a drive coil without using a brush. The drive coil is directly energized with the solar cell power generation current,

If the rotational speed of the motor is controlled by the drive circuit so that the blades rotate at the rotational speed of the equation (2) described above, that is, the rotational speed proportional to the half power of the light intensity, The rotation of the watering blade is automatically controlled according to the strength of the

As shown in the equation (3) described above, the influence of the change in the sunlight is reduced by changing the intensity of the sunlight to the 1/2 power.

Embodiment of the Invention

  FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention in which the characteristics of a solar cell, a DC motor, and a water wing spread in the direction of the water surface are matched. It is. The generated current of the solar cell (1) is directly applied to the DC motor (2) so that the DC motor rotates with a torque proportional to the intensity of sunlight. The motor torque is amplified by the speed reducer (3), and the draining blade (4) spread in the water surface direction is turned to cause the flow to spread in the water surface direction. As a result, the water at the bottom of the water is guided to the water surface, rises and spreads in the water surface direction, and a circulating flow is generated that flows in the direction of the flow arrow (5). With this flow, water on the surface with high dissolved oxygen returns to the bottom of the water and flows so as to crawl over the bottom of the water to supply oxygen to the bottom of the water.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing drive control when a brushless DC motor or stepping motor that does not use a brush is used. The generated current of the solar cell (1) is directly supplied to the drive coil (8) of the brushless DC motor (7) through the inverter (6). The minute resistor (9) inserted in series in the drive coil circuit is for measuring the value of the current flowing through the circuit. The drive circuit (10) obtains the voltage appearing at both ends of the resistor, and controls the inverter so that the rotation speed of the motor is proportional to the current, that is, the 1/2 power of the intensity of sunlight. This

When the rotational speed is automatically controlled so that the expression (2) described in the above is satisfied,

As described in the equation (3), the cultivated water amount that increases or decreases by the 1/2 power of the intensity of sunlight is obtained.

The invention's effect

  The efficiency of the conventional method in which the generated current of the solar battery is charged into a storage battery to be converted into 100V alternating current and the blades are rotated by an alternating current motor is a low value of 50% or less. However, according to the direct connection system of the solar cell and the DC motor of the present invention, an efficiency of 75% or more can be achieved. Therefore, the power generation capacity, that is, the area of the solar cell is a calculation in time for 70% or less of the conventional area.

In the case of a general fluid machine driven by a motor such as a water wheel or a pump, the use of a storage battery is inevitable. Without this, the original performance is exhibited, and the time to endure use is about 4 hours. The intensity of the sun's light on a sunny day is 1 [SUN] (1000 W / m ² ), but it is unusable when it becomes cloudy and becomes 1/2 [SUN]. However, according to the present invention, even if the intensity of light is reduced to 1/9 [SUN], the amount of cultivated water is only reduced to 1/3 and it is not disabled.

  The period from March to September is the time when the bottom of the water tends to be anoxic. However, according to the method of the present invention, from the sunrise to the sunset, water is cultivated for about 10 hours and oxygen is continuously supplied to the bottom, so the bottom does not rot. In addition, the operation time from November to February when the sunshine hours are shortened is reduced to about 8 hours. However, since the water temperature during this period is low, the bottom of the water does not require much oxygen. Therefore, driving for 6 hours is sufficient. Regardless of whether the days are short or long, maintenance-free purification that plows water from morning to night in accordance with the weather and the season throughout the year, nurtures seafood by preventing water rot and purifies water It is what enables the system.

If you rotate a blade with a length of 1 m from the rotating shaft to the tip of the watering blade with a combination of a solar cell with a surface area of 0.25 m ² and a brushless DC motor, the area will be 1500 m ² regardless of sunny weather. It can prevent the rot of a culture pond with a water depth of 1.5m. The realization of aquaculture that does not rely on antibiotics or drugs such as formalin, that is, natural farming, is not a dream.

As is apparent from the above description, no storage battery is required according to the present invention. Therefore, there is no need to worry about maintenance. When it is installed in a large pond, dam lake, or inland sea that spans several kilometers, there is no need to worry about what to do with the power supply. It can be installed anywhere with water and the demand is unlimited. Not limited to water environment problems. The bottom of the water activated by cultivating water is a field that produces plankton (protein). It is said that the protein production efficiency in this field is 200 times that of agriculture in which soil is cultivated and soybeans are planted to produce protein. Great contributions can also be expected to global human food problems and global environmental measures by reducing CO ₂ emissions. Only the sun does not need anything else. Advanced technology, drugs and energy are not required. The present invention provides an unprecedented bottom quality improvement device that cultivates water in accordance with natural time, draws out natural purification power, activates the bottom of the water, grows seafood, and purifies water. .

  It is the Example of this invention which aimed at the matching of the characteristic of the solar cell, DC motor, and the water feather spread to the water surface direction.   It is a block diagram showing drive control at the time of using a brushless DC motor which does not use a brush.

Explanation of sign

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar cell 6 Inverter 2 DC motor 7 Brushless DC motor 3 Reducer 8 Drive coil 4 Scatter blade 9 Drive coil current detection resistance 5 Flow arrow 10 Drive circuit

Claims (2)

  Decrease the torque of the DC motor that is obtained by directly connecting a watering blade that is widened in the water surface direction to the solar cell in order to cultivate a large amount of water with weak light and make the amount of water cultivated less susceptible to the intensity of sunlight. A bottom quality improvement device that is amplified and rotated by a machine to supply oxygen to the bottom of the water.   In claim 1, a brushless DC motor or a stepping motor that does not use a commutator and a brush and is rotated by a drive circuit and a drive coil is used, and the motor drive coil is directly energized with the generated current of the solar cell, and the rotational speed is Bottom sediment improvement device controlled by drive circuit according to light intensity

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