JP2005318394A - Transmitter - Google Patents

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JP2005318394A
JP2005318394A JP2004135759A JP2004135759A JP2005318394A JP 2005318394 A JP2005318394 A JP 2005318394A JP 2004135759 A JP2004135759 A JP 2004135759A JP 2004135759 A JP2004135759 A JP 2004135759A JP 2005318394 A JP2005318394 A JP 2005318394A
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output power
amplitude
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outputting
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JP4388849B2 (en
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Hirokazu Iwata
浩和 岩田
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Icom Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure enough expected peak power even in the case of a modulating signal such as an audio signal in transmission power control by amplitude modulation. <P>SOLUTION: This transmitter is equipped with: an amplitude modulating circuit for performing amplitude modulation of a carrier wave by the modulating signal; a variable gain amplifier for amplifying the signal amplitude modulated by the amplitude modulating circuit in accordance with a gain control signal to be described below; and a detecting means for detecting changes in transmission output power to be outputted by the variable gain amplifier and outputting it as an output power detection signal. Also the transmitter is provided with: a direct current producing means for outputting a signal which has been turned into a direct current by rectifying the modulating signal and then smoothing it; an adding means for adding the signal to a reference voltage to output it as an output control signal; and a comparison means for outputting the gain control signal, so that the transmission output power becomes power based on the signal by comparing the signal with the output power detecting signal. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、振幅変調方式の送信機における送信出力制御技術に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a transmission output control technique in an amplitude modulation type transmitter.

音声信号を振幅変調しているときには、CW(電信)形式における無変調送信時の送信電力に比べて実質的な平均電力が上昇するのが特徴である。
原理的には、無変調時の送信キャリア信号の振幅電圧を「1」とした場合、変調率を最大である100%にした場合の送信キャリア信号の振幅電圧は「2」の2倍となる。
したがって、振幅電圧をV、電力をP、負荷をRとすると、P=V2/Rという関係式から、尖頭電力は4倍となる。
When the audio signal is amplitude-modulated, the substantial average power is higher than the transmission power at the time of unmodulated transmission in the CW (telephone) format.
In principle, when the amplitude voltage of the transmission carrier signal at the time of non-modulation is “1”, the amplitude voltage of the transmission carrier signal when the modulation rate is 100%, which is the maximum, is twice that of “2”. .
Therefore, when the amplitude voltage is V, the power is P, and the load is R, the peak power is quadrupled from the relational expression P = V 2 / R.

図2に、一般的な送信電力制御機能を備えた送信機の構成例を示した。図2において、
100はCW(電信)形式とAM(音声振幅変調)形式の電波を送信可能な送信機である。
111は送信キャリア信号を発振する電圧制御発振器(VCO)、112は変調信号としての音声信号を増幅する増幅器、113は前記増幅器112の出力で前記送信キャリア信号を振幅変調する振幅変調器である。
115は可変利得増幅器であり、前記振幅変調器113の出力がバッファ114を介して入力され、後述する利得制御信号によって利得が可変制御される。
116は検出回路であり、前記可変利得増幅器115から出力されてアンテナ117へ供給される送信出力電力の一部を取り出して検波することによって、前記送信出力電力の変化を検出して直流化した出力電力検出電圧として出力する。
FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of a transmitter having a general transmission power control function. In FIG.
Reference numeral 100 denotes a transmitter capable of transmitting radio waves in CW (telephone) format and AM (voice amplitude modulation) format.
111 is a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) that oscillates the transmission carrier signal, 112 is an amplifier that amplifies the audio signal as a modulation signal, and 113 is an amplitude modulator that amplitude-modulates the transmission carrier signal with the output of the amplifier 112.
Reference numeral 115 denotes a variable gain amplifier. The output of the amplitude modulator 113 is input via the buffer 114, and the gain is variably controlled by a gain control signal described later.
116 is a detection circuit, which detects a change in the transmission output power by extracting a part of the transmission output power output from the variable gain amplifier 115 and supplied to the antenna 117, and detects the change in the DC output. Output as power detection voltage.

120は基準電圧設定回路であり、送信出力電力を決定するための基準電圧を所望のレベルに設定して出力する。
122は比較手段としてのAPC(自動電力制御)増幅器であり、前記出力電力検出電圧と前記基準電圧とを比較して、出力電力検出電圧が基準電圧と一致するように利得制御信号を出力する。
A reference voltage setting circuit 120 sets a reference voltage for determining transmission output power to a desired level and outputs the reference voltage.
Reference numeral 122 denotes an APC (automatic power control) amplifier as comparison means, which compares the output power detection voltage with the reference voltage and outputs a gain control signal so that the output power detection voltage matches the reference voltage.

ところで、音声信号を振幅変調すると、無変調の状態と比較すると送信される平均電力が増大する。図2の例の送信機100においても、検出回路116にて検出される出力電力検出電圧が増加するので、一定電圧である基準電圧との差が発生する。その結果、APC増幅器122から出力される利得制御信号に基づいて前記可変利得増幅器115から出力される送信出力電力が抑制される。このようにして、送信出力電力制御機能が働いて、送信出力電力を予め設定された設定値に制御するように動作するのである。その結果、尖頭電力が抑制されることになる。
したがって、所期の尖頭電力を維持するためには、送信出力電力制御機能の応答性を極端に遅くすることぐらいしか対策がない。しかし、その場合でも、連続した音声信号を変調する場合には、いずれそのうちに送信出力電力制御機能が動作して電力制御されてしまう。
また、実際問題として、送信出力電力制御機能の応答性を極端に遅くすることは、実質的には、送信出力電力制御がリアルタイムで制御できないことになり好ましくない。
以上の理由から、従来の送信出力電力制御方式では、十分な所期の尖頭電力を確保することは非常に困難であった。
By the way, when the audio signal is amplitude-modulated, the average power to be transmitted increases as compared with the unmodulated state. Also in the transmitter 100 of the example of FIG. 2, the output power detection voltage detected by the detection circuit 116 increases, so that a difference from a reference voltage that is a constant voltage occurs. As a result, the transmission output power output from the variable gain amplifier 115 is suppressed based on the gain control signal output from the APC amplifier 122. In this way, the transmission output power control function works and operates to control the transmission output power to a preset setting value. As a result, the peak power is suppressed.
Therefore, in order to maintain the desired peak power, there is only a measure to extremely slow the response of the transmission output power control function. However, even in such a case, when a continuous audio signal is modulated, the transmission output power control function will eventually operate and the power will be controlled.
Further, as an actual problem, extremely slowing down the response of the transmission output power control function is not preferable because the transmission output power control cannot be controlled in real time.
For the above reasons, it is very difficult to secure a sufficient peak power with the conventional transmission output power control method.

そこで、本発明は、振幅変調による送信電力制御において、音声信号のような変調信号の場合でも、十分な所期の尖頭電力を確保することを可能とする技術の提供を目的としてなされたものである。   Therefore, the present invention has been made for the purpose of providing a technique capable of ensuring a sufficient peak power even in the case of a modulated signal such as an audio signal in transmission power control by amplitude modulation. It is.

本発明にかかる送信機においては、
変調信号で搬送波を振幅変調する振幅変調回路と、該振幅変調回路で振幅変調された信号を後述する利得制御信号に応じて増幅する可変利得増幅器と、該可変利得増幅器から出力される送信出力電力の変化を検出して出力電力検出信号として出力する検出手段とを備えるとともに、
前記変調信号を整流した後平滑化して直流化された信号を出力する直流化手段と、
前記信号を基準電圧に加算して出力制御信号として出力する加算手段と、
前記信号と前記出力電力検出信号とを比較して、送信出力電力が前記信号に基づいた電力になるように前記利得制御信号を出力する比較手段とを備えるという手段を講じた。
In the transmitter according to the present invention,
An amplitude modulation circuit that amplitude-modulates a carrier wave with a modulation signal, a variable gain amplifier that amplifies the signal amplitude-modulated by the amplitude modulation circuit according to a gain control signal described later, and transmission output power output from the variable gain amplifier Detecting means for detecting the change of the output and outputting as an output power detection signal,
DC converting means for rectifying the modulated signal and then smoothing and outputting a DC signal;
Adding means for adding the signal to a reference voltage and outputting it as an output control signal;
Comparing means for comparing the signal with the output power detection signal and outputting the gain control signal so that the transmission output power becomes a power based on the signal is provided.

本発明では、
変調信号で搬送波を振幅変調する振幅変調回路と、該振幅変調回路で振幅変調された信号を後述する利得制御信号に応じて増幅する可変利得増幅器と、該可変利得増幅器から出力される送信出力電力の変化を検出して出力電力検出信号として出力する検出手段とを備えるとともに、
前記変調信号を整流した後平滑化して直流化された信号を出力する直流化手段と、
前記信号を基準電圧に加算して出力制御信号として出力する加算手段と、
前記信号と前記出力電力検出信号とを比較して、送信出力電力が前記信号に基づいた電力になるように前記利得制御信号を出力する比較手段とを備えたので、
変調信号によって送信出力電力が増加して前記比較手段に入力される出力電力検出信号が増加したとき、
前記比較手段に入力される他方の信号も、変調信号を直流化した信号と基準信号とを加算したものであるので、前記出力電力検出信号と同様に増加する。
従って、前記比較手段から出力される利得制御信号は大きくは変化しない。よって、可変利得増幅器から出力される送信出力電力は抑制されない。
以上のようにして、音声信号のような変調信号で搬送波を振幅変調する場合でも、送信出力電力の平均電力が増加して尖頭電力が抑圧されることを防止し、十分な所期の尖頭電力を確保することが可能となるのである。
In the present invention,
An amplitude modulation circuit that amplitude-modulates a carrier wave with a modulation signal, a variable gain amplifier that amplifies the signal amplitude-modulated by the amplitude modulation circuit according to a gain control signal described later, and transmission output power output from the variable gain amplifier Detecting means for detecting the change of the output and outputting as an output power detection signal,
DC conversion means for rectifying the modulated signal and then smoothing and outputting a DC signal;
Adding means for adding the signal to a reference voltage and outputting it as an output control signal;
Since the signal and the output power detection signal are compared with each other, and the comparison means for outputting the gain control signal so that the transmission output power becomes the power based on the signal,
When the transmission output power is increased by the modulation signal and the output power detection signal input to the comparison means is increased,
Since the other signal input to the comparison means is a sum of a signal obtained by converting the modulation signal into a direct current and a reference signal, it increases similarly to the output power detection signal.
Therefore, the gain control signal output from the comparison means does not change greatly. Therefore, the transmission output power output from the variable gain amplifier is not suppressed.
As described above, even when the carrier wave is amplitude-modulated with a modulation signal such as an audio signal, the average power of the transmission output power is prevented from increasing and the peak power is suppressed, and sufficient It is possible to secure head power.

以下に、本発明にかかる送信機を、その実施の形態を示した図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図1のブロック図において、
1はCW(電信)形式とAM(音声振幅変調)形式の電波を送信可能な送信機である。
11は送信キャリア信号を発振する電圧制御発振器(VCO)、12は変調信号としての音声信号を増幅する増幅器、13は前記増幅器12の出力で前記送信キャリア信号を振幅変調する振幅変調器である。
15は可変利得増幅器であり、前記振幅変調器13の出力がバッファ14を介して入力され、後述する利得制御信号によって利得が可変制御される。
16は検出回路であり、前記可変利得増幅器15から出力されてアンテナ17へ供給される送信出力電力の一部を取り出して検波することによって、前記送信出力電力の変化を検出して直流化した出力電力検出電圧として出力する。
Below, the transmitter concerning this invention is demonstrated in detail based on drawing which showed the embodiment.
In the block diagram of FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a transmitter capable of transmitting radio waves in CW (telegraph) format and AM (voice amplitude modulation) format.
11 is a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) that oscillates a transmission carrier signal, 12 is an amplifier that amplifies an audio signal as a modulation signal, and 13 is an amplitude modulator that amplitude-modulates the transmission carrier signal with the output of the amplifier 12.
Reference numeral 15 denotes a variable gain amplifier. The output of the amplitude modulator 13 is input via the buffer 14, and the gain is variably controlled by a gain control signal described later.
Reference numeral 16 denotes a detection circuit, which detects a change in the transmission output power by detecting a part of the transmission output power output from the variable gain amplifier 15 and supplied to the antenna 17 and detects the change in the DC output. Output as power detection voltage.

18は増幅された変調信号を整流する整流回路であり、19は整流された変調信号を平滑化して直流化して出力する平滑回路である。これらの整流回路18と平滑回路19によって直流化手段が構成されている。
20は加算手段としての加算回路であり、直流化された変調信号と、送信出力電力を決定するための基準電圧とを加算して出力制御電圧として出力する。前記基準電圧は、基準電圧設定回路21において所望のレベルに設定される。
22は比較手段としてのAPC(自動電力制御)増幅器であり、出力制御電圧と出力電力検出電圧とを比較して、出力電力検出電圧が出力制御電圧と一致するように利得制御信号を出力する。なお、前記出力電力検出電圧に含まれる包絡線成分等の短周期変動を除去するための平滑手段としてのコンデンサを備えている。
Reference numeral 18 denotes a rectifier circuit that rectifies the amplified modulated signal, and reference numeral 19 denotes a smoothing circuit that smoothes the rectified modulated signal, converts it into a direct current, and outputs it. The rectifying circuit 18 and the smoothing circuit 19 constitute a direct current means.
Reference numeral 20 denotes an adding circuit as an adding means, which adds a DC-converted modulation signal and a reference voltage for determining transmission output power and outputs it as an output control voltage. The reference voltage is set to a desired level in the reference voltage setting circuit 21.
Reference numeral 22 denotes an APC (automatic power control) amplifier as a comparison means, which compares the output control voltage with the output power detection voltage and outputs a gain control signal so that the output power detection voltage matches the output control voltage. A capacitor is provided as a smoothing means for removing short-term fluctuations such as an envelope component included in the output power detection voltage.

以上の構成において、
音声信号を振幅変調すると、無変調送信時に比べて送信される送信出力電力が増加するので、前記検出回路16から前記APC増幅器22の一方の入力端子へ入力される出力電力検出電圧が上昇する。
一方、前記音声信号は前記増幅器12によって増幅されたあと、整流・平滑化されて基準電圧と加算されるので、前記APC増幅器22の他方の入力端子へ入力される出力制御電圧も上昇する。
従って、音声信号が入力されても前記可変利得増幅器15では送信出力電力は抑制されない。即ち、前記加算器20にて音声信号が基準信号と加算されているので、音声信号の入力によって送信出力電力が増加しても、APC増幅器から出力される利得制御信号は変化せず、送信出力電力が抑制されることが防止されるのである。
In the above configuration,
If the audio signal is amplitude-modulated, the transmission output power to be transmitted increases as compared with the case of non-modulated transmission, so that the output power detection voltage input from the detection circuit 16 to one input terminal of the APC amplifier 22 increases.
On the other hand, since the audio signal is amplified by the amplifier 12 and then rectified and smoothed and added to the reference voltage, the output control voltage input to the other input terminal of the APC amplifier 22 also increases.
Therefore, even if an audio signal is input, the transmission output power is not suppressed in the variable gain amplifier 15. That is, since the audio signal is added to the reference signal by the adder 20, even if the transmission output power is increased by the input of the audio signal, the gain control signal output from the APC amplifier does not change, and the transmission output It is prevented that electric power is suppressed.

この実施例では、前記APC増幅器の応答性能に併せて、前記平滑回路の平滑量を設定する。即ち、前記APC増幅器の応答が遅い場合には前記平滑回路の平滑量を多くし、前記APC増幅器の応答が早い場合には前記平滑回路の平滑量を少なく設定した。そして、前記APC増幅器の応答速度を上げても、異常発振の発生や制御が不安定になることもない。
従って、実際の送信機に対応しやすく、また、十分な尖頭電力を確保できるので、機器仕様としての送信電力の尖頭電力を十分余裕を持って確保することができる。
また、前記基準電圧設定回路21は、基準電圧を連続的に可変もしくは所定の複数の設定値の何れかに選択的に切り換えできるように構成した。
In this embodiment, the smoothing amount of the smoothing circuit is set in accordance with the response performance of the APC amplifier. That is, the smoothing amount of the smoothing circuit is increased when the response of the APC amplifier is slow, and the smoothing amount of the smoothing circuit is set small when the response of the APC amplifier is fast. And even if the response speed of the APC amplifier is increased, the occurrence of abnormal oscillation and control will not become unstable.
Therefore, since it is easy to cope with an actual transmitter and sufficient peak power can be secured, it is possible to secure the peak power of transmission power as a device specification with a sufficient margin.
The reference voltage setting circuit 21 is configured so that the reference voltage can be continuously changed or selectively switched to any of a plurality of predetermined set values.

本発明にかかる送信機の実施の形態の構成を示した構成図である。It is the block diagram which showed the structure of embodiment of the transmitter concerning this invention. 従来例の一般的な送信電力制御機能を備えた送信機の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the transmitter provided with the general transmission power control function of the prior art example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 送信機
13 振幅変調器
15 可変利得増幅器
16 検出回路
18 整流回路
19 平滑回路
18、19 直流化手段
20 加算回路、加算手段
22 増幅器、比較手段
1 Transmitter
13 Amplitude modulator
15 Variable gain amplifier
16 Detection circuit
18 Rectifier circuit
19 Smoothing circuit
18, 19 DC method
20 Adder circuit, addition means
22 Amplifier, comparison means

Claims (1)

変調信号で搬送波を振幅変調する振幅変調回路と、該振幅変調回路で振幅変調された信号を後述する利得制御信号に応じて増幅する可変利得増幅器と、該可変利得増幅器から出力される送信出力電力の変化を検出して出力電力検出信号として出力する検出手段とを備えるとともに、
前記変調信号を整流した後平滑化して直流化された信号を出力する直流化手段と、
前記信号を基準電圧に加算して出力制御信号として出力する加算手段と、
前記信号と前記出力電力検出信号とを比較して、送信出力電力が前記信号に基づいた電力になるように前記利得制御信号を出力する比較手段とを備えたことを特徴とする送信機。
An amplitude modulation circuit that amplitude-modulates a carrier wave with a modulation signal, a variable gain amplifier that amplifies the signal amplitude-modulated by the amplitude modulation circuit according to a gain control signal described later, and transmission output power output from the variable gain amplifier And detecting means for detecting the change of the output and outputting as an output power detection signal,
DC conversion means for rectifying the modulated signal and then smoothing and outputting a DC signal;
Adding means for adding the signal to a reference voltage and outputting it as an output control signal;
A transmitter comprising: comparing means for comparing the signal and the output power detection signal and outputting the gain control signal so that transmission output power becomes power based on the signal.
JP2004135759A 2004-04-30 2004-04-30 Transmitter Expired - Lifetime JP4388849B2 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009111887A (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-05-21 Icom Inc Am transmitter and modulation method for the same
US8198950B2 (en) 2008-10-16 2012-06-12 Nec Corporation Power amplifier

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009111887A (en) * 2007-10-31 2009-05-21 Icom Inc Am transmitter and modulation method for the same
US8198950B2 (en) 2008-10-16 2012-06-12 Nec Corporation Power amplifier

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