JP2005315139A - Compression device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compression device which can offer high efficiency and excellent reliability, and discharge working gas containing few impurities. <P>SOLUTION: A compression device 100 is equipped with a plurality of stage reciprocating compressor 10 having a low-pressure stage compression part 1 and a high-pressure stage compression part 3 for compressing working gas, and a high-pressure stage discharge side filter 54b provided to a discharge line of the high-pressure stage compression part 3. The reciprocating compressor 10 is provided with a high-pressure stage rod packing seal 40 for sealing a sliding part of the high-pressure stage compression part 3. The high-pressure stage rod packing seal 40 is formed by including a high-pressure side packing 40a, a low-pressure side packing 40b and a high-pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween. While a suction line of the high-pressure stage compression part 3 is provided with a high-pressure stage suction side filter 53b, the high-pressure stage intermediate chamber communicates to the suction side of the high-pressure stage suction side filter 53b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a compression device that compresses and supplies a working gas to an ultrahigh pressure, and more particularly to a compression device suitable for compressing hydrogen gas used in a fuel cell vehicle.

  A conventional compression apparatus is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-116329 (Patent Document 1). This compression apparatus includes a two-stage reciprocating compressor having a low-pressure stage compression part and a high-pressure stage compression part for compressing hydrogen gas, and a high-pressure stage discharge side filter provided in a discharge line of the high-pressure stage compression part. It is configured.

  This reciprocating compressor has a low-pressure stage cylinder and a high-pressure stage cylinder, and each plunger is located on both sides of one crank mechanism on the same axis, and the rotational energy of the motor is transmitted through one crank mechanism. It converts to reciprocating kinetic energy and compresses hydrogen gas. A crankshaft connected to the motor is housed in the crankcase, one end of the connecting rod is attached to the crankshaft, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the frame-type crosshead via a cross pin. The cross pin is rotatable with both the connecting rod and the frame type cross head. The frame-type cross head has a slidable shoe portion on the lower surface, and is slidable between the receiving surface of the crankcase. When the crankshaft rotates, the connecting rod swings and the crosshead reciprocates due to the guide effect of the shoe portion. Furthermore, rods are attached to both ends of the frame-type cross head, and plungers are connected to the tips of the rods. These plungers reciprocate in the cylinder to compress the hydrogen gas.

  Hydrogen gas, which is a handling gas of the compression device, is supplied to the compression device from an external source, first compressed by the low pressure stage compression unit, then compressed by the high pressure stage compression unit, and then in the hydrogen gas by the filter unit. The oil contained in is removed and taken out to the outside.

  A rod packing seal is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the plunger. The rod packing seal includes a high pressure side packing group, a low pressure side packing group, and an intermediate ring provided therebetween. Then, lubricating oil is injected into both the high-pressure side packing group and the low-pressure side packing group constituting the rod packing seal, and the compressed hydrogen gas leakage gas is returned from the intermediate ring part to the suction line of the low-pressure stage compression part. And recirculate.

JP 2004-116329 A

  From the aspect of fuel cell performance, impurities such as hydrocarbons and sulfur are required to be as small as possible with respect to the high-pressure hydrogen gas filled in the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle.

  In the compression device of Patent Document 1, since the entire rod packing seal is lubricated, a large amount of oil is mixed in the leaked gas returning from the rod packing seal to the suction line of the low-pressure stage compression unit. And since this mixed oil is removed only by the filter unit installed on the downstream side of the high-pressure stage compression section, it is difficult to sufficiently remove the oil only by the filter unit located in the last stream. Therefore, hydrogen gas with few impurities could not be supplied to the outside.

  In order to prevent oil from entering, it is conceivable to make the rod packing seal completely oil-free. However, if the rod packing seal of the high-pressure stage compression section, which has a high discharge pressure and a high pressure, is made completely oil-free, there is a concern that the amount of hydrogen gas leakage will increase and efficiency will be reduced, and the life of the packing group will be shortened. The

  On the other hand, the specifications of the suction pressure and discharge pressure of the hydrogen compressor for the hydrogen supply station are determined by market needs and supply pressure on the hydrogen supply source side. The pressure of hydrogen gas produced in a reforming plant or the like may be as low as several Mpa to about 1/10 of the pressure. On the other hand, in order to increase the amount of hydrogen fuel charged into the fuel cell vehicle, there is a market need for a compressor discharge pressure of 70 Mpa or higher. For such low suction pressure and high discharge pressure specifications, a multistage compression section exceeding two stages is required. In this case, as shown in the compression device of Patent Document 1, when the leakage gas is returned from the intermediate part of the rod packing seal to the suction line of the low-pressure stage compression part, the pressure difference between the intermediate part and the suction line is large, and the leakage amount is large. There is a concern that the efficiency will be reduced by increasing the size.

  An object of the present invention is to obtain a compression device that can discharge a working gas with high efficiency, excellent reliability, and few impurities.

  Another object of the present invention is to obtain a compression device that can easily meet market needs at a high pressure ratio, and that can discharge a working gas with high efficiency, excellent reliability, and few impurities.

  In order to achieve the above object, the reciprocating compressor of the present invention is provided with a high-pressure stage rod packing seal that seals the sliding portion of the high-pressure stage compression part, and the high-pressure stage rod packing seal is interposed between the high-pressure side packing and the low-pressure side packing. And a high-pressure stage suction side filter provided in the suction line of the high-pressure stage compression section, and the high-pressure stage intermediate chamber on the suction side of the high-pressure stage suction side filter. It is the structure characterized by having communicated.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there are provided a plurality of reciprocating compressors having a low pressure stage compression section and a high pressure stage compression section for compressing a working gas, and a high pressure stage discharge side filter provided in a discharge line of the high pressure stage compression section. A high-pressure stage rod packing seal that seals the sliding portion of the high-pressure stage compression part, and the high-pressure stage packing seal is provided between the high-pressure side packing and the low-pressure side packing. A high-pressure stage suction side filter provided in the suction line of the high-pressure stage compression unit, and the high-pressure stage intermediate chamber communicated with the suction side of the high-pressure stage suction side filter. is there.

  In a more preferred specific configuration according to the first aspect of the present invention, the high-pressure stage compression section is composed of two stages of a first high-pressure stage compression section and a second high-pressure stage compression section, and the second high-pressure stage is the final stage. A second high-pressure stage rod packing seal for sealing a sliding portion of the stage compression section is provided, and the second high-pressure stage rod packing seal is provided between the second high-pressure side packing and the second low-pressure side packing, and the middle of the second high-pressure stage And a second high pressure stage suction side filter provided in the suction line of the second high pressure stage compression section, and the second high pressure stage intermediate chamber is provided with the second high pressure stage suction side filter. It communicates with the suction side.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multistage reciprocating compressor having a low pressure stage compression section and a high pressure stage compression section for compressing the working gas, a high pressure stage discharge side filter provided in a discharge line of the high pressure stage compression section, The first high-pressure stage compressing section is composed of two stages, a first high-pressure stage compressing section and a second high-pressure stage compressing section, and a sliding portion of the first high-pressure stage compressing section is sealed. A step rod packing seal is provided, and the first high pressure stage rod packing seal is formed having a first high pressure side packing, a first low pressure side packing, and a first high pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween, and the low pressure stage compression A filter provided in the suction line of the first portion, and the second high pressure stage compression chamber is connected to the suction side of the low pressure stage suction side filter to seal the sliding portion of the second high pressure stage compression portion. High pressure stage rod packing seal is provided A second high-pressure stage rod packing seal is formed having a second high-pressure side packing, a second low-pressure side packing, and a second high-pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween, and is provided in the suction line of the second high-pressure stage compression section. The second high-pressure stage suction side filter is provided, and the second high-pressure stage intermediate chamber communicates with the suction side of the second high-pressure stage suction side filter.

  A more preferable specific configuration in the second aspect of the present invention is that a low-pressure stage rod packing seal that seals a sliding portion of the low-pressure stage compression section is provided, and the low-pressure stage rod packing seal is connected to the low-pressure stage high-pressure side packing and the low-pressure stage packing. A low-pressure stage packing and a low-pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween, and the low-pressure stage intermediate chamber communicates with the suction side of the low-pressure stage suction side filter.

  A third aspect of the present invention includes a reciprocating compressor having a low-pressure stage compression unit and a high-pressure stage compression unit for compressing a working gas, and a high-pressure stage discharge side filter provided in a discharge line of the high-pressure stage compression unit. The high pressure stage rod packing seal for sealing the sliding portion of the high pressure stage compression part is provided, and the high pressure stage rod packing seal includes a high pressure side packing, a low pressure side packing, and a high pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween. The high-pressure side packing is oil-free, provided with means for lubricating the low-pressure side packing, provided with a high-pressure stage suction side filter provided in the suction line of the high-pressure stage compression unit, and The high pressure stage intermediate chamber communicates with the suction side of the high pressure stage suction side filter.

  In a more preferred specific configuration of the third aspect of the present invention, an oil-free low-pressure stage rod packing seal that seals a sliding portion of the low-pressure stage compression section is provided, and the low-pressure stage rod packing seal is connected to the low-pressure stage high-pressure side. A low pressure stage low pressure side packing and a low pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween are formed, and the low pressure stage intermediate chamber is communicated with the suction side of the low pressure stage suction side filter.

  A more preferable specific example in the first to third aspects of the present invention is to use hydrogen gas as the working gas used in the reciprocating compressor.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the compression apparatus which can discharge the working gas with high efficiency, excellent reliability, and few impurities can be obtained.

  Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a compression device that can easily meet market needs at a high pressure ratio, and that can supply a working gas with high efficiency, excellent reliability, and few impurities.

  Hereinafter, a compression apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  An external configuration of a reciprocating compressor used in the compression apparatus of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is an external view showing a reciprocating compressor used in the compression apparatus of this embodiment.

  The reciprocating compressor 10 includes a low-pressure stage compression unit 1, high-pressure stage compression units 2 and 3, a crank mechanism unit 4, and a motor 5. Note that hydrogen gas is used as the working gas.

  The low-pressure stage compression unit 1 compresses the low-pressure working gas supplied from the supply source, and includes a first stage compression unit 1a (see FIG. 2) and a second stage compression unit 1b (see FIG. 2). doing. The high-pressure stage compression unit 2 further compresses the working fluid compressed by the low-pressure stage compression unit 1, and constitutes a third stage compression unit. The high-pressure stage compression unit 3 further compresses the working fluid compressed by the high-pressure stage compression unit 2 and constitutes a fourth-stage compression unit.

  The crank mechanism section 4 is for driving the low pressure stage compression section 1, the high pressure stage compression section 2, and the high pressure stage compression section 3, and has a crank case 4a and cylindrical cases 4b to 4d that form the outer surfaces thereof. doing. The basic shape of the crankcase 4a is a substantially rectangular shape that is thin in the front-rear direction. The cylindrical case 4b connects the crankcase 4a and the low pressure stage compression section 1, the cylindrical case 4c connects the crankcase 4a and the intermediate pressure stage compression section 2, and the cylindrical case 4d The crankcase 4a and the high-pressure stage compression unit 3 are connected. The motor 5 drives the low pressure stage compression unit 1, the high pressure stage compression unit 2, and the high pressure stage compression unit 3 via the crank mechanism unit 4.

  Furthermore, the crank mechanism unit 4 is disposed at the center of components such as the low pressure stage compression unit 1, the high pressure stage compression unit 2, the high pressure stage compression unit 3, and the motor 5. In other words, the high-pressure stage compression unit 2, the low-pressure stage compression unit 1, and the high-pressure stage compression unit 3 protrude from three surfaces (upper surface and both side surfaces excluding the bottom surface in this embodiment) that are continuous in the circumferential direction of the crankcase 4a. The motor 5 is provided so as to protrude from one surface (in the present embodiment, the rear surface) constituting the front and rear surfaces of the crankcase 4a. With this configuration, the reciprocating compressor 10 can be reduced in size.

  Moreover, the low pressure stage compression part 1, the high pressure stage compression part 2, and the high pressure stage compression part 3 are formed in an elongated shape in a cylindrical shape, and extend radially from three surfaces of the crankcase 4a. The low-pressure stage compression unit 1 is disposed so as to protrude perpendicularly to the upper surface of the crankcase 4a. And the high pressure stage compression part 2 and the high pressure stage compression part 3 are arrange | positioned so that it may protrude in the same axial center so that it may oppose both sides to a horizontal direction. In other words, they are arranged on the opposite sides of the crank mechanism portion 4 so as to have the same axis. With such a configuration, the load on the crankshaft 11 can be reduced and the bearing loss can be reduced. The low-pressure stage compression unit 1, the high-pressure stage compression unit 2, and the high-pressure stage compression unit 3 form a single row in the front-rear direction (the axial direction of the crankshaft 11), and the axial dimension can be reduced. 11 can reduce the couple with respect to the main bearings 31 and 32, reduce the loss, and improve the reliability of the components such as the main bearings 31 and 32.

  Next, a specific configuration of the reciprocating compressor 10 that realizes the above-described arrangement will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the reciprocating compressor of this embodiment.

  A crankshaft 11 is connected to the rotating shaft 5 a of the motor 5 as a driving source, and the crankshaft 11 is rotated by the motor 5. The crankshaft 11 is disposed so as to extend in the front-rear direction, and has a main shaft portion 11a and an eccentric shaft portion 11b. One end portion of the main shaft portion 11 a is coupled to the rotating shaft 5 a of the motor 5. An eccentric shaft portion 11b is provided on the other side portion of the main shaft portion 11a, and the eccentric shaft portion 11b has an axis that is eccentric with respect to the main shaft portion 11a. The main bearings 31 and 32 support the main shaft portion 11a located on both sides of the eccentric shaft portion 11b. Accordingly, the force applied to the eccentric shaft portion 11b is received by the main bearings 31 and 32 from the eccentric shaft portion 11b through the main shaft portion 11a, and the interval between the main bearings 31 and 32 is preferably as small as possible. According to the configuration of this embodiment described above, the low pressure stage compression section 1, the high pressure stage compression section 2, and the high pressure stage compression section 3 are arranged in a single row in the axial direction of the crankshaft 11, and the interval between the main bearings 31 and 32 is reduced. Therefore, the reliability of the reciprocating compressor 10 can be improved.

  One end portion of each of the connecting rods 13 and 15 is coupled to the same eccentric shaft portion 11b so as to be rotatable adjacent thereto. One end of the connecting rod 13 is divided into two forks, and one end of the connecting rod 15 is located in the central gap between the two forks. The other end of the connecting rod 13 extends in the lateral direction and is rotatably coupled to the rectangular frame-type cross head 12 via a connecting pin. The other side of the connecting rod 15 extends upward and is rotatably coupled to the cross head 14 via a connecting pin. With this configuration, the longitudinal dimension of the reciprocating compressor 10 is reduced.

  Further, the eccentric shaft portion 11b and the cross head 12 are connected via a connecting rod 13, and the eccentric rotational motion of the eccentric shaft portion 11b is converted into a left and right reciprocating motion of the cross head 12. Further, the main shaft portion 11a and the cross head 14 are connected via a connecting rod 15, and the eccentric rotational motion of the eccentric shaft portion 11b is converted into a reciprocating motion of the cross head 14 up and down.

  The eccentric shaft portion 11b, the connecting rods 13 and 15, and the cross head 12 are housed in one crankcase 4a. The crosshead 14 is accommodated in a cylindrical case 4b provided on the upper surface of the crankcase 4a. The cylindrical case 4b connects the crankcase 4a and the low-pressure stage compression unit 1.

  The cross head 12 is slidably mounted on the bottom surface of the crankcase 4a that does not have a compression portion. Smooth sliding can be obtained by interposing a shoe (not shown) between the lower frame portion 12d of the cross head 12 and the crankcase 4a. Further, the eccentric shaft portion 11 b and the connecting rods 13 and 15 are arranged in the frame of the cross head 12. From this point, the reciprocating compressor 10 can be downsized.

  An opening 12e is formed at the center of the upper frame portion 12a of the cross head 12, and the connecting rod 15 extends vertically through the opening 12e. The opening 12e is formed so as to substantially coincide with the gap between the bifurcated portions of the connecting rod 13 in the front-rear direction. With this configuration, it is possible to arrange the low pressure stage compression unit 1 together with the high pressure stage compression unit 2 and the high pressure stage compression unit 3 in a single row (same plane) while securing the strength of the cross head 12 as a frame. . In addition, about formation of the opening of the upper frame part 12 of the crosshead 12, you may make it form an opening by attaching another member by bolting.

  One end of the low-pressure stage piston rod 16 is connected to the cross head 14, and a low-pressure stage piston 17 is connected to the other end of the piston rod 16. The piston 17 is slidably accommodated in the low pressure stage cylinder 23. The piston 17 and the cylinder 23 form a first stage compression part 23 a and a second stage compression part 23 b on both sides of the piston 17.

  One side end portion of the third stage plunger rod 18 is connected to the side frame portion 12 b on one side (right side) of the cross head 12. A third stage plunger 19 is connected to the other end of the plunger rod 18. The plunger 19 forms a third-stage compression portion 24 a together with the third-stage cylinder 24.

  Further, one side end portion of the fourth stage plunger rod 20 is connected to the side frame portion 12 c on the other side (left side) of the cross head 12. A fourth stage plunger 20 is connected to the other end of the piston rod 20. The plunger 20 forms a fourth stage compression portion 25 a together with the fourth stage cylinder 25.

  According to such a configuration, the piston rod 16 for forming the low-pressure stage compression part 1 and the plunger rod for forming the high-pressure two-stage compression parts 2 and 3 by the rotational movement of one eccentric shaft part 11b. 16 and 17 can be reciprocated in the same plane.

  When the crankshaft 11 is rotated by the motor 33, the rotational motion of the crankshaft 11 is converted from the swinging motion of the connecting rod 15 to the reciprocating motion of the cross head 14, and the piston 17 reciprocates. Further, the rotational movement of the crankshaft 11 is converted from the swinging movement of the connecting rod 13 to the reciprocating movement of the cross head 12, and the plungers 19 and 21 reciprocate.

  When the piston 17 reciprocates, the working gas is sucked into the first stage compression portion 23a of the cylinder 23 through the valve 34a, is compressed, and is discharged through the discharge valve 34b. In this embodiment, the supplied pressure is reduced from a few Mpa to a pressure of about 9 Mpa and discharged. In FIG. 2, a system indicated by a dotted line indicates a system in which the working gas flows, and an arrow indicates a direction in which the gas flows.

  Next, the working gas is sucked into the second stage compression portion 23b of the cylinder 23 through the suction valve 35a, compressed, and discharged through the discharge valve 35b. In the present embodiment, the pressure is compressed from about 9 Mpa to about 18 Mpa and discharged.

  Then, the working gas is sucked into the third stage compression portion 24a of the cylinder 24 through the suction valve 36a, compressed, and discharged through the discharge valve 36b. In the present embodiment, the pressure is compressed from about 18 Mpa to about 36 Mpa and discharged.

  Next, the working gas is sucked into the fourth stage compression portion 25a of the cylinder 25 through the suction valve 37a, compressed, and discharged through the discharge valve 37b. In the present embodiment, the pressure is compressed from about 36 Mpa to about 72 Mpa and discharged. The pressure ratio shown in this embodiment is an example.

  In this way, the crankshaft 11 has a single crank portion (i.e., a single row crankcase 4a) to form a four-stage compression section, and compression with a high pressure ratio is possible. Further, in this embodiment, since the low-pressure stage shaft center and the high-pressure two-stage shaft center are positioned on the same plane, no couple is generated in the main bearings 31 and 32, and the reliability of the main bearings 31 and 32 is also improved. improves.

  In addition, since the high-pressure two-stage compression parts 2 and 3 are opposed to each other through the cross head 12 with the same axis, the load on the crankshaft 11 and thus the main bearings 31 and 32 that support the crankshaft 11 is reduced. Loss can be reduced.

  The low-pressure stage compression section disposed vertically is made backward, thereby canceling the thrust force of the working gas generated by the inertial force of the piston 17 and the like and the working gas pressure, thereby reducing the load on the crankshaft 11. The load applied to the bearings 31 and 32 can be reduced and the loss can be reduced. Thus, since the load applied to the crankshaft 11, the main bearings 31, 32, etc. can be reduced, the life of these components can be extended.

  On the other hand, the low-pressure stage rod packing seal 38 and the high-pressure two-stage rod packing seals 39 and 40 are respectively composed of a high-pressure side packing 38a, 39a and 40a constituting a high-pressure side packing group and a low-pressure side packing 38b constituting a low-pressure side packing group. 39b and 40b. A chamber located between the high-pressure side packings 38a and 39a and the low-pressure side packings 38b and 39b communicates with the suction line of the first compression stage compression unit 23a. By doing in this way, the seal differential pressure with respect to the atmosphere side of each rod packing seal 38-39 becomes a differential pressure with the suction pressure of the 1st compression stage compression part 23a, and can be made the smallest in the system. That is, the amount of leakage to the atmosphere can be minimized, the amount of leakage to the outside can be minimized, and the safety of the compressor equipment can be improved. Furthermore, the room located in the middle of the high-pressure side packing 40a and the low-pressure side packing 40b is communicated with the suction line of the fourth stage compression unit 25a. By doing in this way, the seal differential pressure with respect to the atmosphere side of the rod packing seal 40 becomes a differential pressure with the suction pressure of the 4th stage compression part 25a, and can be made small. That is, the amount of leakage to the atmosphere side can be reduced, and the safety of the compression apparatus 100 can be improved.

  Next, the overall configuration of the compression apparatus 100 using the above-described reciprocating compressor 10 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of the compression apparatus of this embodiment.

  The working gas to the compressor 100 is configured to be supplied from an external supply source to the suction line of the first stage compression unit 23a of the low pressure stage compression unit 1 via the control valve 71 and the on-off valve 72. The low pressure stage suction side snubber 51a is installed in the suction line of the 1st stage compression part 23a. A low pressure stage suction side filter 51b is housed in the low pressure stage suction side snubber 51a, and impurities, oil, etc. in the working gas sucked into the first stage compression portion 23a through the suction line are stored in the low pressure stage suction side filter. It is removed by 51b.

  A gas cooler 57 is installed in the discharge line of the first stage compression unit 23a (suction line of the second stage compression unit 23b). The working gas compressed by the first stage compression unit 23a is cooled by the gas cooler 57, and then sucked into the second stage compression unit 23b, and further compressed by the second stage compression unit 23b to be second stage compression. It discharges to the discharge line (suction line of the 3rd stage compression part 24a) of the part 23b.

  A gas cooler 58 and a first high-pressure stage suction side snubber 52 are installed in the suction line of the third stage compression unit 24a. The working gas compressed by the second-stage compression unit 23b is cooled by the gas cooler 58, and then pressure-buffered by the first high-pressure stage suction side snubber 52, and sucked into the third-stage compression unit 24a. It is further compressed by the stage compression section 24a and discharged to the discharge line of the third stage compression section 24a (the suction line of the fourth stage compression section 25a). In addition, although the filter is not accommodated in this 1st high voltage | pressure stage suction side snubber 52, you may install a filter as needed.

  A second high pressure stage suction side snubber 53a including a gas cooler 59 and a second high pressure stage suction side filter 53b is installed in the suction line of the fourth stage compression unit 25a. The working gas compressed by the third-stage compression unit 24a is cooled by the gas cooler 59, and then pressure-buffered by the second high-pressure stage suction side snubber 53a, and at the second high-pressure stage suction side filter 53b, impurities and Oil or the like is removed, and the oil is sucked into the fourth stage compression unit 25a, further compressed by the fourth stage compression unit 25a, and discharged to the discharge line of the fourth stage compression unit 25a.

  A gas cooler 60, a plurality of high pressure stage discharge side snubbers 54a to 56a incorporating high pressure stage discharge side filters 54b to 56b, and a control valve 73 are installed in the discharge line of the fourth stage compression unit 25a. A plurality of high-pressure-stage discharge-side snubbers 54 a to 56 a including the high-pressure-stage discharge-side filters 54 b to 56 b constitute a filter unit 74. The working gas compressed by the fourth stage compression unit 25a is cooled by the gas cooler 60, and then pressure-buffered by the high pressure stage discharge side snubbers 54a to 56a, and impurities, oil, and the like by the plurality of filters 54b to 56b. Is removed and discharged to the outside based on the control of the control valve 73.

  In the final stage rod packing seal 40 which is the most severe condition as a rod packing seal, a chamber (intermediate chamber) located between the high pressure side packing 40a and the low pressure side packing 40b is installed in the suction line of the fourth stage compression unit 25a. The second high-pressure stage suction-side snubber 53a and the gas cooler 53b communicate with the suction side. Further, the lubricator 41 and the low pressure side packing 40b of the rod packing seal 40 are communicated with each other so that the oil is supplied from the lubricator 41 to the low pressure side packing 40b. Since the lubricator 41 and the high pressure side packing 40a of the rod packing seal 40 are not communicated with each other, the high pressure side packing 39a is basically oil-free.

  With this configuration, the seal differential pressure of the high-pressure side packing 40a can be reduced most, and the load can be reduced. Moreover, the lubricating oil injected into the low-pressure side packing 40b reaches the high-pressure side packing 40a slightly by reciprocating sliding between the plunger 21 and the low-pressure side packing 40b, and an oil curtain is formed on the sliding portion. Even without lubrication of the packing 40a, the packing life can be made relatively long. On the other hand, the differential pressure between the low-pressure side packing 40b and the atmosphere increases as the intermediate chamber pressure increases. However, by lubricating, for example, a high-strength packing such as a copper alloy can be used, which can withstand high load use. be able to.

  In the high-pressure stage rod packing seal 39 before the final stage, a chamber (intermediate chamber) located between the high-pressure side packing 39a and the low-pressure side packing 39b is installed in the suction line of the first compression stage compression section 23a. The low pressure stage suction side snubber 51a and the low pressure stage suction side filter 51b communicate with the suction side. Further, the lubricator 41 and the low-pressure side packing 39b of the rod packing seal 39 are communicated with each other, and the oil is supplied from the lubricator 41 to the low-pressure side packing 39b. Since the lubricator 41 and the high pressure side packing 39a of the rod packing seal 39 are not communicated with each other, the high pressure side packing 39a is basically oil-free.

  With this configuration, the rod packing seal 39 is also divided into a high-pressure side packing 39a and a low-pressure side packing 39b. The high-pressure side packing 39a is oil-free, and the low-pressure side packing 39b is lubricated into the compressor cylinder 24. In addition to minimizing the contamination of the lubricant, the life of the rod packing seal 39 is taken into consideration, and the amount of gas leakage to the atmosphere can be reduced.

  In this embodiment, the intermediate chamber of this stage is connected upstream of the snubber 51a of the first stage suction line, giving priority to reducing the amount of hydrogen gas leaked to the atmosphere, but a filter is also installed in the suction snubber 52. It is also possible to connect to the upstream side. In this case, the seal differential pressure of the three-stage high-pressure side packing can be reduced, leading to a longer life.

  Further, the low pressure stage lock packing seal 38 has a chamber (intermediate chamber) positioned between the high pressure side packing 38a and the low pressure side packing 38b in the suction line of the first compression stage compression section 23a. 51a and the low pressure stage suction side filter 51b communicate with the suction side. Since the lubricator 41 and the high pressure side packing 39a of the rod packing seal 39 are not communicated with each other, the high pressure side packing 39a is basically oil-free.

  Since the seal differential pressure of the low-pressure stage packing is relatively small, oil free is used in this embodiment. However, it is also possible to give priority to extending the life of the packing by lubricating only the low-pressure side packing 38b. In that case, as described above, mixing of oil into the cylinder can be minimized, and the packing intermediate chamber is connected to the upstream side of the first stage snubber 51a, so that the oil can be removed.

  And, since the filter unit 74 is provided in the downstream of the compressor final stage outlet, and the oil mixed in the gas is removed, the oil mixed in the gas line can be reduced from this point as well. It is possible to maintain the purity of the high-pressure compressed hydrogen gas.

  In this embodiment, a four-stage machine is used, but a three-stage machine may be used. Further, even when the suction pressure is high and a high discharge pressure can be obtained with a two-stage machine, the present invention can be applied in a form excluding the low-pressure stage shown in this embodiment.

It is an external view which shows the reciprocating compressor used for the compression apparatus of one Example of this invention. It is a block diagram of the structure of the reciprocating compressor of a present Example. It is a whole block diagram of the compression apparatus of a present Example.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Low pressure stage compression part, 2 ... High pressure stage compression part, 3 ... High pressure stage compression part, 4 ... Crank mechanism part, 4a ... Crank case, 4b-4d ... Cylindrical case, 5 ... Motor, 10 ... Reciprocating compressor, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Crankshaft, 12 ... Cross head, 12a-12d ... Frame part, 12e ... Opening, 13 ... Connecting rod, 14 ... Cross head, 15 ... Connecting rod, 16 ... Piston rod, 17 ... Piston, 18 ... Plunger rod , 19 ... Plunger, 20 ... Plunger rod, 21 ... Plunger, 23-25 ... Cylinder, 23a ... First stage compression section, 23b ... Second stage compression section, 24a ... Third stage compression section, 25a ... First Four-stage compression section, 31 ... main bearing, 32 ... main bearing, 33 ... motor, 34a ... suction valve, 34b ... discharge valve, 35a ... suction valve, 35b ... discharge bar 36a ... Suction valve, 36b ... Discharge valve, 37a ... Suction valve, 37b ... Discharge valve, 38 ... Low pressure stage rod packing seal, 39-40 ... High pressure stage rod packing seal, 38a ... High pressure side packing, 38b ... Low pressure side Packing, 39a ... High pressure side packing, 39b ... Low pressure side packing, 40a ... High pressure side packing, 40b ... Low pressure side packing, 51a ... Low pressure stage suction side snubber, 51b ... Low pressure stage suction side filter, 52 ... First high pressure stage suction side Snubber 53a ... second high pressure stage suction side snubber, 53b ... second high pressure stage suction side filter, 54a to 56a ... high pressure stage discharge side snubber, 54b to 56b ... high pressure stage discharge side filter, 57-60 ... gas cooler, 74 ... filter unit.

Claims (7)

A multi-stage reciprocating compressor having a low pressure stage compression section and a high pressure stage compression section for compressing the working gas;
In a compression apparatus including a high-pressure stage discharge side filter provided in a discharge line of the high-pressure stage compression unit,
A high-pressure stage rod packing seal that seals the sliding part of the high-pressure stage compression part is provided,
The high-pressure stage rod packing seal is formed having a high-pressure side packing, a low-pressure side packing, and a high-pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween,
A compression apparatus comprising: a high pressure stage suction side filter provided in a suction line of the high pressure stage compression unit; and the high pressure stage intermediate chamber communicated with a suction side of the high pressure stage suction side filter.   2. The compression device according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure stage compression unit includes two stages of a first high-pressure stage compression part and a second high-pressure stage compression part, and sliding of the second high-pressure stage compression part that is the final stage. A second high pressure stage rod packing seal is provided for sealing the portion, and the second high pressure stage rod packing seal has a second high pressure side packing, a second low pressure side packing, and a second high pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween. Forming a second high pressure stage suction side filter provided in the suction line of the second high pressure stage compression section, and communicating the second high pressure stage intermediate chamber to the suction side of the second high pressure stage suction side filter The compression apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. A multi-stage reciprocating compressor having a low pressure stage compression section and a high pressure stage compression section for compressing the working gas;
In a compression apparatus including a high-pressure stage discharge side filter provided in a discharge line of the high-pressure stage compression unit,
The high-pressure stage compression part is composed of two stages, a first high-pressure stage compression part and a second high-pressure stage compression part,
Providing a first high pressure stage rod packing seal for sealing a sliding portion of the first high pressure stage compression part;
Forming the first high-pressure stage rod packing seal with a first high-pressure side packing, a first low-pressure side packing, and a first high-pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween,
Providing a low pressure stage suction side filter provided in the suction line of the low pressure stage compression section, and communicating the first high pressure stage intermediate chamber to the suction side of the low pressure stage suction side filter;
Providing a second high-pressure stage rod packing seal for sealing the sliding portion of the second high-pressure stage compression part;
Forming the second high-pressure stage rod packing seal with a second high-pressure side packing, a second low-pressure side packing, and a second high-pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween,
The second high pressure stage suction side filter provided in the suction line of the second high pressure stage compression section is provided, and the second high pressure stage intermediate chamber is communicated with the suction side of the second high pressure stage suction side filter. A compression device.   4. The compression apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a low pressure stage rod packing seal for sealing a sliding portion of the low pressure stage compression section is provided, and the low pressure stage rod packing seal is provided between the low pressure stage high pressure side packing and the low pressure stage low pressure side packing. And a low pressure stage intermediate chamber provided in the compressor, wherein the low pressure stage intermediate chamber communicates with the suction side of the low pressure stage suction side filter. A reciprocating compressor having a low pressure stage compression section and a high pressure stage compression section for compressing the working gas;
In a compression apparatus including a high-pressure stage discharge side filter provided in a discharge line of the high-pressure stage compression unit,
A high-pressure stage rod packing seal that seals the sliding part of the high-pressure stage compression part is provided,
The high-pressure stage rod packing seal is formed having a high-pressure side packing, a low-pressure side packing, and a high-pressure stage intermediate chamber provided therebetween,
The high-pressure side packing is oil-free and provided with means for lubricating the low-pressure side packing,
A compression apparatus comprising: a high-pressure stage suction side filter provided in a suction line of the high-pressure stage compression unit; and the high-pressure stage intermediate chamber communicated with a suction side of the high-pressure stage suction side filter.   6. The compression apparatus according to claim 5, wherein an oil-free low-pressure stage rod packing seal that seals a sliding portion of the low-pressure stage compression part is provided, and the low-pressure stage rod packing seal includes a low-pressure stage high-pressure side packing and a low-pressure stage low-pressure side. A low pressure stage intermediate chamber provided between the low pressure stage compression section and a low pressure stage suction side filter provided in the suction line of the low pressure stage compression section; A compression device that communicates with a suction side of a filter.   The compression apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein hydrogen gas is used as a working gas used in the reciprocating compressor.

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