JP2005313257A - Preset screw and tool holder - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide preset screw and tool holder capable of easily replacing a tool of a different shape (outer diameter) and sufficiently securing the amount of atomized cutting oil agent supplied to a machining point. <P>SOLUTION: This preset screw 5 is provided with an abutting member 51 having a cone-shaped abutting surface 51a abutting on a base part of the tool 9, a substantially cylindrical communicating member 52 slidably passed through a hole 51b formed at the bottom of the abutting surface 51a of the abutting member 51, an energizing member 53 for energizing the communicating member 52 in a direction for abutting on the base part of the tool 9, and a body member 54 slidably supporting the communicating member 52 and formed with a fluid introduction path 54e for introducing fluid to the communicating member 52. The preset screw 5 is interposed between the tool 9 formed with a communication hole 9a for communicating a distal end part with the base part and the tool holder 1 for attachably/detachably supporting the tool 9. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention includes (1) a tool holder that removably supports a tool in which a communication hole for communicating a tip portion and a base portion is formed, and (2) an interposition between the tool and the tool holder. Related to the preset screw.

In recent years, cutting fluids used during machining (cooling, lubrication, and cutting fluids used for the purpose of removing chips, usually chlorine-based, for the purpose of reducing environmental impact and further reducing costs. Efforts are being made to reduce the amount of sulfur, phosphorus, fats and oils, and oils with mineral oils added.
As part of such efforts, a shift from conventional wet processing to MQL (Minimum Quantity Lubrication) processing such as semi-dry processing and dry processing is being promoted.
Here, the semi-dry processing means that the cutting fluid such as atomized cutting fluid is pumped together with compressed gas (usually air), and the contact portion (working point) between the tool and the workpiece used during machining. Refers to the processing method to be supplied.

  In the conventional wet processing, the cutting fluid agent performs (a) lubrication, (b) cooling, and (c) chip removal, whereas in the semi-dry processing, the cutting fluid agent performs (a) lubrication. The compressed gas mainly performs (b) cooling and (c) chip removal.

  As preset screws applicable to the semi-dry processing as described above, the preset screws described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are known.

  The preset screw described in Patent Document 1 (adapter in Patent Document 1) is a substantially columnar member in which a hole communicating one end surface and the other end surface is formed. A tubular body for pressure-feeding the mixture of the cutting fluid and the compressed gas to the preset screw is fitted, and the base portion of the tool comes into contact with the other end face.

  Moreover, the preset screw described in Patent Document 2 (the tool driver in Patent Document 2) is a substantially columnar member in which a hole communicating one end surface and the other end surface is formed, and is formed at one end portion. Is fitted with a tube for supplying a mixture of mist-like cutting fluid and compressed gas, and a tool base is fitted at the other end. An O-ring is interposed between the abutting portion between the tubular body side surface and the inner wall surface of the preset screw, and the abutting portion between the base side surface of the tool and the inner wall surface of the preset screw.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, a bowl-shaped contact surface 205a that contacts the end surface on the base side of the tool 9 is formed on one surface, and the other surface communicates with the bottom of the contact surface 205a. A preset screw 205 in which a communication path 205b is formed has also been studied.

JP 2002-36064 A JP 2001-287135 A

In the semi-dry processing, in order to reliably perform the lubrication (a), it is necessary to supply the cutting fluid to the processing point while maintaining the state of the cutting fluid fed together with the compressed gas in a mist state.
In order to achieve this requirement, it is important not to form a portion where the cross-sectional area is suddenly widened (hereinafter, referred to as “expanded diameter portion”) in the pumping path for pumping the cutting fluid. This is because the mist-like cutting fluid is agglomerated and becomes liquid at the expanded diameter portion, and the amount of the mist-like cutting fluid supplied to the processing point is reduced.

Further, in the semi-dry processing, in order to reliably perform (b) cooling and (c) chip removal, it is necessary to ensure a sufficient flow rate of the compressed gas.
In order to achieve this requirement, it is important to improve the airtightness of the pumping path for pumping the cutting fluid and suppress gas leakage in the middle of the pumping path as much as possible.

The preset screw described in Patent Document 1 (adapter in Patent Document 1) has a flat surface in contact with the base of the tool.
For this reason, if the tool is not attached to the tool holder and the base of the tool is not in contact with the preset screw, the airtightness of the pressure feed path will be reduced, and compressed gas and cutting fluid will leak from the gap between the preset screw and the tool. End up.
Further, when the base of the tool and the preset screw do not come into contact with each other and a gap is formed, the gap forms an enlarged diameter portion in the middle of the pumping path, and the mist-like cutting fluid is formed in the enlarged diameter portion. It aggregates and becomes liquid, and the amount of the mist-like cutting fluid supplied to the processing point decreases.

The preset screw described in Patent Document 2 (the tool driver in Patent Document 2) has a configuration in which an O-ring is interposed between the base side surface of the tool and the inner wall surface of the preset screw. Even if the amount of protrusion from the air fluctuates slightly, the airtightness of the pressure feeding path is maintained, and this is excellent in that the enlarged diameter portion is not formed.
However, when a tool having a different base shape (outer diameter) is replaced with a tool holder, the preset screw must also be replaced, resulting in a problem in workability.

  Further, the conventional preset screw 205 shown in FIG. 5 has a contact surface 205a with the base of the tool 9 formed in a bowl shape, so that even if the shape of the tool 9 (the outer diameter of the base) changes. Although it is easy to maintain the airtightness between the preset screw 205 and the base of the tool 9, when the outer diameter of the tool 9 is large, a large diameter-expanded portion (abutting shown in FIG. A space surrounded by the surface 205a and the end surface on the base side of the tool 9) is formed. For this reason, the mist-like cutting fluid is agglomerated and becomes liquid in the enlarged diameter portion, and the amount of the mist-like cutting fluid supplied to the processing point (spouted from the tip portion of the tool 9) is reduced.

  In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention can easily replace tools having different shapes (outer diameters), and sufficiently ensure the amount of mist-like cutting fluid supplied to a processing point. The present invention provides a preset screw and a tool holder that can be used.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

That is, in claim 1, a tool in which a communication hole for communicating the tip portion and the base portion is formed;
A tool holder for removably supporting the tool;
In the preset screw interposed between
An abutting member having a bowl-shaped abutting surface that abuts against the base of the tool;
A substantially cylindrical communication member that is slidably inserted into a hole formed in the bottom of the contact surface of the contact member;
An urging member that urges the communication member in a direction to contact the base of the tool;
A trunk member that slidably supports the communication member and in which a fluid introduction path for introducing a fluid into the communication member is formed;
It comprises.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, at least the contact surface of the contact member is made of an elastic body.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the communication member is formed with a protrusion for restricting the amount of protrusion from the contact surface of the contact member.

In claim 4, a tool holder that detachably supports a tool in which a communication hole that communicates the tip and the base is formed via a preset screw,
The preset screw is
An abutting member having a bowl-shaped abutting surface that abuts against the base of the tool;
A substantially cylindrical communication member that is slidably inserted into a hole formed in the bottom of the contact surface of the contact member;
An urging member that urges the communication member in a direction to contact the base of the tool;
And a trunk member that slidably supports the communication member and in which a fluid introduction path for introducing a fluid into the communication member is formed.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, at least the contact surface of the contact member is made of an elastic body.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the communication member is formed with a protrusion for restricting the amount of protrusion from the contact surface of the contact member.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the body member and the main body of the tool holder are integrally formed.

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

In Claim 1, it is excellent in the airtightness in the contact part of a preset screw and a tool, and it prevents that a mist-like cutting fluid aggregates and becomes a liquid state, is ejected from the front-end | tip part of a tool, and is supplied to a process point. It is possible to ensure a sufficient amount of the mist-like cutting fluid to be produced.
Moreover, it is excellent in workability at the time of replacing with a tool having a different outer diameter.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily obtain high airtightness at the contact portion between the contact member and the base portion of the tool.

  According to claim 3, it is possible to prevent the communication member from falling off the preset screw.

In Claim 4, it is excellent in the airtightness in the contact part of a preset screw and a tool, and it prevents that a mist-like cutting fluid aggregates and becomes liquid state, and is ejected from the front-end | tip part of a tool, and is supplied to a process point. It is possible to ensure a sufficient amount of the mist-like cutting fluid to be produced.
Moreover, it is excellent in workability at the time of replacing with a tool having a different outer diameter.

  According to the fifth aspect, it is possible to easily obtain high airtightness at the contact portion between the contact member and the base portion of the tool.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the communication member from falling off the preset screw.

  In Claim 7, it is possible to reduce the number of parts concerning a tool holder and a preset screw.

Below, the whole structure of the tool holder 1 which comprises the preset screw 5 which is the 1st Example of the preset screw which concerns on this invention using FIG. 1 is demonstrated.
In the following description, the direction of the arrow A shown in FIG. 1 is defined as “front” for convenience.

  Further, the preset screw according to the present invention functions as a protruding amount adjusting member that adjusts the amount of the tool protruding from the tip of the tool holder (attachment position with respect to the tool holder) and a supply path for supplying fluid to the tool. In addition to a preset screw having a relative rotation prevention function for locking the tool against relative rotation with respect to the tool holder, and a function as a supply path for supplying fluid to the tool. Including a tool driver provided or the like includes “a function provided as a supply path that is interposed between a tool and a tool holder and supplies a fluid to the tool”.

Here, the “fluid” includes liquid, gas, a mixture of liquid and gas, and the like.
The fluid in this embodiment is a mixture of cutting fluid (oil into cutting fluid) and compressed gas, but is not limited to this, and lubrication, cooling, and chip removal at the processing point can be performed. Any other fluid may be used.

The tool holder 1 can be attached to and detached from a drive shaft (main shaft) of a machine tool or the like, and mainly includes a main body 2, a collet 3, a collet nut 4, a preset screw 5, and the like.
The tool 9 attached to the tool holder 1 is rotationally driven by a machine tool or the like to machine a workpiece. The tool 9 is formed with a communication hole 9 a that communicates the end surface on the base (part attached to the tool holder 1) side and the tip (part protruding from the tool holder 1).
In addition, although the tool 9 in a present Example is a drill which makes a hole in a workpiece, it is not limited to this, A tap, an end mill, a reamer, etc. may be sufficient.

  In the main body 2, a tool attachment portion 21, a flange portion 22, and a tapered shank portion 23 are formed in order from the front to the rear.

The tool attachment portion 21 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and a male screw (not shown) for screwing the collet nut 4 is formed at the front end portion of the outer peripheral surface thereof. Further, a tool accommodation hole 21a is formed from the front end surface of the tool mounting portion 21 toward the rear, and a female screw 21b for screwing the preset screw 5 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the tool accommodation hole 21a.
Furthermore, a tapered surface 21c having a diameter increasing toward the front is formed at the front end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the tool accommodation hole 21a.

  The flange portion 22 is a projecting portion for fixing the tool holder 1 to a drive shaft (main shaft) of a machine tool or the like. Further, the taper shank portion 23 is a part that comes into contact with a taper surface formed on the drive shaft (main shaft) side of a machine tool or the like, and the rotation axis of the tool holder 1 and the rotation axis of the drive shaft of the machine tool or the like. It is formed to make it approximately match easily.

  The collet 3 is a substantially cylindrical member for detachably attaching the tool 9 to the tool holder 1. The collet 3 is formed with a through hole 31 penetrating from the front end surface to the rear end surface thereof, and a tapered surface 32 having a diameter reduced from the front / rear midway portion to the rear on the outer peripheral surface of the collet 3. Further, the collet 3 is formed with a plurality of slits (not shown).

The collet nut 4 is locked to the collet 3 so as to be relatively rotatable, and is screwed to a male screw formed at the front end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the tool mounting portion 21. When the collet nut 4 is screwed onto the tool attachment portion 21, the tapered surface 32 of the collet 3 is pressed against the tapered surface 21 c formed on the tool attachment portion 21. At this time, since a plurality of slits (not shown) are formed in the collet 3, the collet 3 is elastically deformed inward to reduce the gap between the slits, and the inner diameter of the collet 3, that is, the diameter of the through hole 31. Becomes smaller.
Therefore, the tool 9 inserted through the through hole 31 is in strong contact with the through hole 31 and is fixed to the tool holder 1.

Below, the detailed structure of the preset screw 5 is demonstrated using FIG.1, FIG.2 and FIG.3.
The preset screw 5 functions as a protruding amount adjusting member that adjusts the amount of the tool 9 protruding from the tip of the tool holder 1 (attachment position with respect to the tool holder 1), and a fluid such as cutting fluid (this embodiment) In this case, a function as a supply path for supplying a mixture of mist-like cutting fluid and compressed gas) is provided.

  The preset screw 5 is mainly composed of a contact member 51, a communication member 52, a biasing member 53, a body member 54, and the like, and a tool 9 having a communication hole 9a that communicates the tip and the base, and the tool And a tool holder 1 that detachably supports 9.

The contact member 51 is a member that contacts the base of the tool 9. The contact member 51 has a shape in which a bowl-shaped contact surface 51a is formed on one end surface of a cylinder.
Further, the contact member 51 is formed with a hole 51b that communicates the bottom of the contact surface 51a with the other end surface (rear end surface) of the contact member 51.
The contact member 51 can be made of a material such as metal that does not elastically deform. However, by forming the contact member 51 with an elastic body such as rubber or resin, the base of the contact member 51 and the tool 9 (in this embodiment) In addition, it is possible to easily obtain high airtightness at a contact portion with the edge portion of the base side end surface of the tool 9 and to prevent leakage of cutting fluid or the like at the portion.

The communication member 52 is a substantially cylindrical member, and is slidably inserted into the hole 51 b of the contact member 51.
Further, a flange portion 52 a is formed at the rear end of the communication member 52, and when the communication member 52 slides forward (in a direction protruding from the contact surface 51 a), the flange portion 52 a is in contact with the contact member 51. Abutting on the rear end surface, the projection amount of the abutment member 51 from the abutment surface 51a is regulated (locked so as not to project beyond a predetermined projection amount).
By configuring in this way, it is possible to prevent the communication member 52 from falling off the preset screw 5.
In order to prevent the communication member 52 from falling off the contact member 51, a protrusion may be formed on a portion of the communication member 52 located behind the rear end surface of the contact member 51. It is not limited to the flange part 52a.

The urging member 53 urges the communication member 52 in a direction in which the communication member 52 abuts on the base of the tool 9 (that is, a direction protruding from the abutment surface 51 a of the abutment member 51).
The urging member 53 in the present embodiment is a winding spring. However, if the urging member 52 can be urged in the direction in which the communicating member 52 abuts on the base portion of the tool 9, another configuration (for example, an elastic body such as rubber is provided). )

The body member 54 is a member that forms the structure of the preset screw 5.
The outer shape of the body member 54 of the present embodiment is substantially cylindrical, and the body member 54 includes a male screw 54a, an abutting member accommodating portion 54b, an urging member accommodating portion 54c, a sliding support portion 54d, a fluid introduction path 54e, Etc. are formed.

  The male screw 54 a is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the body member 54. The body member 54 is screwed to the tool mounting portion 21 by the male screw 54 a engaging with the female screw 21 b formed on the tool mounting portion 21 of the tool holder 1.

  The contact member accommodating portion 54 b is formed on the front end surface of the body member 54. The abutting member 51 is accommodated in the abutting member accommodating portion 54b with the abutting surface 51a facing forward.

  The biasing member accommodating portion 54c is formed in a portion corresponding to the hole 51b on the bottom surface of the abutting member accommodating portion 54b (a surface facing the rear end surface of the abutting member 51). The urging member 53 is accommodated in the urging member accommodating portion 54c.

The sliding support portion 54d is a substantially cylindrical portion that protrudes forward from the bottom surface of the urging member accommodating portion 54c (the surface with which the rear end portion of the winding spring that is the urging member 53 in this embodiment abuts). is there.
A winding spring, which is an urging member 53 in this embodiment, is fitted in advance to the sliding support portion 54d, and the communication member 52 is fitted to the sliding support portion 54d so as to be airtightly slidable.
Therefore, the communication member 52 is slidably supported by the sliding support portion 54d, and the front end portion of the communication member 52 is in contact with the end surface on the base side of the tool 9 while being urged by the urging member 53. Touch.

The fluid introduction path 54e is a hole that communicates the front end surface of the sliding support portion 54d and the rear end surface of the body member 54.
The fluid introduction path 54e is a fluid pumping path formed on the tool holder 1 side (more precisely, the through hole 6a of the pull stud 6 screwed to the rear end of the tool holder 1, and the through hole 6a being airtight. The fluid pressure feed pipe 7) is slidably fitted to the fluid pressure feed pipe 7).

  The fluid made of the mixture of the mist-like cutting fluid and the compressed gas, which has been pressure-fed from the machine tool side to which the tool holder 1 is attached, passes through the through-hole 6a, the fluid pressure-feed pipe 7, and the fluid introduction path 54e. It is introduced into the inside, and further ejected from the tip of the tool 9 through the communication hole 9a.

  As described above, the preset screw 5 which is the first embodiment of the preset screw according to the present invention supports the tool 9 in which the communication hole 9a communicating the tip portion and the base portion is formed, and the tool 9 is detachable. The tool holder 1 is interposed between the contact member 51 having a bowl-shaped contact surface 51 a that contacts the base of the tool 9, and the bottom of the contact surface 51 a of the contact member 51. A substantially cylindrical communication member 52 slidably inserted in a hole 51b formed in the hole 51, an urging member 53 for urging the communication member 52 in a direction to contact the base of the tool 9, and the communication member The body member in which a fluid introduction path 54e for introducing fluid (in the present embodiment, a mixture of mist-like cutting fluid and compressed gas) into the communication member 52 is formed. 54.

  Such a configuration has the following advantages.

First, when the tool 9 is attached to the tool holder 1 having the preset screw 5, the edge portion of the base side end surface of the tool 9 abuts on a bowl-shaped abutment surface 51 a formed on the abutment member 51. At the same time, the front end surface of the communication member 52 urged by the urging member 53 comes into contact with the end surface on the base side of the tool 9.
Therefore, the fluid which consists of the mixture of the mist-like cutting fluid and compressed gas which were excellent in the airtightness in the contact part of the preset screw 5 and the tool 9 and was pressure-fed from the machine tool side is the preset screw 5 and the tool 9. It is ejected from the tip of the tool 9 without leaking at the contact portion.
The preset screw 5 has two contact portions with the tool 9 (the contact portion between the contact surface 51 a of the contact member 51 and the edge portion of the base side end surface of the tool 9, and the communication member 52. Therefore, even when the contact member 51 is worn due to long-term use or the like, compared with the preset screw 205 shown in FIG. Airtightness at the contact portion is high, and fluid leakage from the contact portion can be prevented.

Second, the preset screw 5 can be used in either case where the outer diameter on the base side of the tool 9 shown in FIG. 2 is large or when the outer diameter on the base side of the tool 9 shown in FIG. 3 is small. 9 by changing the position at which the edge portion of the base-side end surface of 9 is in contact with the bowl-shaped contact surface 51 a formed on the contact member 51 and the amount of protrusion of the communication member 52 from the contact member 51. Excellent airtightness is exhibited at the contact portion between the preset screw 5 and the tool 9.
Therefore, when replacing the tool 9 attached to the tool holder 1, it is not necessary to replace the entire preset screw 5 or a part of the members constituting the preset screw 5, and the tool 9 is replaced with a tool having a different shape (outer diameter). Excellent workability when performing.

Third, the preset screw 5 communicates the communication hole 9 a of the tool 9 and the fluid introduction path 54 e formed in the body member 54 in an airtight manner by the communication member 52. Therefore, unlike the conventional preset screw 205 shown in FIG. 5, a large diameter enlarged portion is not formed in the middle of the fluid pressure feeding path.
Therefore, the mist-like cutting fluid is prevented from aggregating into a liquid state in the middle of the fluid pumping path, and the amount of the mist-like cutting fluid supplied from the tip of the tool 9 to the processing point is reduced. It is possible to ensure enough.

Below, the preset screw 105 which is the 2nd Example of the preset screw which concerns on this invention using FIG. 4 is demonstrated.
The basic configuration of the preset screw 105 is substantially the same as that of the preset screw 5.
That is, the preset screw 105 includes a contact member 151 having a bowl-shaped contact surface 151a that contacts the base of the tool 9,
A substantially cylindrical communication member 152 slidably inserted in a hole 151b formed in the bottom of the contact surface 151a of the contact member 151;
An urging member 153 that urges the communication member 152 in a direction to contact the base of the tool 9;
And a body member 154 in which a fluid introduction path 152e for introducing a fluid into the communication member 152 is formed while the communication member 152 is slidably supported.
Therefore, in the following description, differences between the preset screw 105 and the preset screw 5 will be described.

The preset screw 105 shown in FIG. 4 is different from the preset screw 5 in that the communication member 152 is fitted in a fluid introduction path 154e formed in the body member 154 so as to be airtight and slidable.
By configuring in this way, the cross-sectional area of the pumping path from the fluid introduction path 154e through the communication member 152 to the communication hole 9a decreases in the pumping direction.
Therefore, the moving speed of the fluid passing through the pumping path increases as it advances in the pumping direction, and the effect of preventing the mist-like cutting fluid from liquefying is further improved.

The preset screw 5 which is the first embodiment of the preset screw according to the present invention and the preset screw 105 which is the second embodiment are both separated from the tool holder 1 and are screwed to the tool holder 1. However, this is to provide a function as a protruding amount adjusting member that adjusts the amount of the tool 9 protruding from the tip of the tool holder 1.
Therefore, when it is not necessary to adjust the protruding amount of the tool depending on the use conditions, etc., the body of the preset screw and the main body of the tool holder are integrally formed (the function equivalent to the body of the preset screw is a tool holder). To the main body).
By comprising in this way, it is possible to reduce the number of parts which concern on a tool holder and a preset screw.

The side view of a tool holder. Side surface sectional drawing which shows the state which the tool with a large outer diameter contact | abutted to the 1st Example of the preset screw which concerns on this invention. Side surface sectional drawing which shows the state which the tool with a small outer diameter contact | abutted to the 1st Example of the preset screw which concerns on this invention. Side surface sectional drawing which shows the 2nd Example of the preset screw which concerns on this invention. Side surface sectional drawing which shows the conventional preset screw.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tool holder 5 Preset screw 9 Tool 9a Communication hole 51 Contact member 51a Contact surface 51b Hole 52 Communication member 53 Energizing member 54 Body member 54e Fluid introduction path

Claims (7)

A tool in which a communication hole communicating the tip and the base is formed;
A tool holder for removably supporting the tool;
In the preset screw interposed between
An abutting member having a bowl-shaped abutting surface that abuts against the base of the tool;
A substantially cylindrical communication member that is slidably inserted into a hole formed in the bottom of the contact surface of the contact member;
An urging member that urges the communication member in a direction to contact the base of the tool;
A trunk member that slidably supports the communication member and in which a fluid introduction path for introducing a fluid into the communication member is formed;
A preset screw characterized by comprising:   The preset screw according to claim 1, wherein at least a contact surface of the contact member is made of an elastic body.   3. The preset screw according to claim 1, wherein the communication member is formed with a protrusion that regulates a protruding amount from the contact surface of the contact member. 4. A tool holder that detachably supports a tool in which a communication hole that communicates the tip and the base is formed via a preset screw,
The preset screw is
An abutting member having a bowl-shaped abutting surface that abuts against the base of the tool;
A substantially cylindrical communication member that is slidably inserted into a hole formed in the bottom of the contact surface of the contact member;
An urging member that urges the communication member in a direction to contact the base of the tool;
A tool holder comprising: a body member that slidably supports the communication member and is formed with a fluid introduction path for introducing a fluid into the communication member.   The tool holder according to claim 4, wherein at least the contact surface of the contact member is made of an elastic body.   The tool holder according to claim 4, wherein a protrusion that regulates a protruding amount from the contact surface of the contact member is formed on the communication member.   The tool holder according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the body member and the main body of the tool holder are integrally formed.

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