JP2005295278A - Microphone device - Google Patents

Microphone device Download PDF

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JP2005295278A
JP2005295278A JP2004108462A JP2004108462A JP2005295278A JP 2005295278 A JP2005295278 A JP 2005295278A JP 2004108462 A JP2004108462 A JP 2004108462A JP 2004108462 A JP2004108462 A JP 2004108462A JP 2005295278 A JP2005295278 A JP 2005295278A
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microphone
sound
sound hole
space
case
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Tomohiko Kamimura
智彦 上村
Mutsuharu Tsuruhara
睦治 鶴原
Hiroyoshi Shinozuka
寛悦 篠塚
Shin Fujimoto
伸 藤本
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Hosiden Corp
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Hosiden Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reasonably constitute a microphone device that can be made small and has single directivity. <P>SOLUTION: A thin and bidirectional microphone M is provided in a case C, a first sound hole H1 and a second sound hole H2 are formed in the front wall 11 of the case C, a first sound guiding space S1 for guiding a sound signal from the first sound hole H1 to the front face F of the microphone M and a second sound guiding space S2 for guiding a sound signal from the second sound hole H2 to the rear face R of the microphone M are formed in the case C, and a sound pressure difference between the front face F and the rear face R of the microphone is created by providing a sound resistance material D in the second sound guiding space S2 to enhance sensitivity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、マイクロホンをケース内部に備え、このケースに形成した音孔からの音響信号をマイクロホンに導くように構成されているマイクロホン装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a microphone device that includes a microphone inside a case and is configured to guide an acoustic signal from a sound hole formed in the case to the microphone.

上記のように構成されたマイクロホン装置と関連する技術として特許文献１に記載されるものが存在する。この特許文献１では、携帯電話機にヒンジを介して開閉自在に開閉体（本発明のケース）を支持し、この開閉体の内部に双指向性のマイクロホンを配置し、この開閉体の内側壁部に内側音孔を形成し、外側壁部に外側音孔を形成し、開閉体の内部に内側音孔とマイクロホンの前側音孔結ぶ音路を形成し、外側音孔とマイクロホンの後側音孔とを結ぶ音路を形成している。このマイクロホン装置では、２つの音孔から開閉体の内部に入った音波の圧力差からＳ／Ｎ比が大きい集音を実現するものとなっている。   As a technique related to the microphone device configured as described above, there is one described in Patent Document 1. In this Patent Document 1, an opening / closing body (case of the present invention) is supported on a mobile phone via a hinge so as to be opened and closed, and a bidirectional microphone is disposed inside the opening / closing body. An inner sound hole is formed on the outer wall, an outer sound hole is formed on the outer wall, a sound path connecting the inner sound hole and the front sound hole of the microphone is formed inside the opening / closing body, and the outer sound hole and the rear sound hole of the microphone are formed. The sound path that connects In this microphone device, sound collection with a large S / N ratio is realized from the pressure difference between the sound waves that enter the opening / closing body through the two sound holes.

特開２００３‐１１０６７６号公報 （段落番号〔００１８〕〜〔００２３〕、図４）Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-110676 (paragraph numbers [0018] to [0023], FIG. 4)

昨今、自動車を単なる移動空間からコミュニケーション空間へと変える車載情報システムが注目されており、このコミュニケーション空間を実現するためにインターネットに接続するコンピュータを自動車に搭載することによりリアルタイムの交通情報の取得や、ナビゲーション情報の取得、盗難時の自動通報等が実現しつつある。また、このようなコミュニケーション空間を実現するために良好な指向性のマイクロホンが望まれている。   Recently, an in-vehicle information system that transforms a car from a simple moving space into a communication space has attracted attention, and in order to realize this communication space, real-time traffic information can be obtained by installing a computer connected to the Internet in the car, Acquisition of navigation information, automatic notification at the time of theft, etc. are being realized. Moreover, in order to realize such a communication space, a microphone with good directivity is desired.

マイクロホンの具体的な使用形態としては、運転者や助手席の同乗者からの音声をキャッチするために車内のマップライトやルームミラー、あるいは、ハンドル部分やフロントパネル部分に内蔵することが考えられる。このような箇所に備えるマイクロホンは比較的離間した位置の音声を取得するために単一指向性のものを必要とするものの、この単一指向性のマイクロホンは薄型小型化が制約されると云う不都合がある。   As a specific form of use of the microphone, in order to catch the voice from the driver and passengers in the passenger seat, it can be considered to be incorporated in the map light, the rearview mirror, the handle part or the front panel part in the vehicle. The microphone provided in such a place requires a unidirectional microphone to acquire sound at relatively distant positions. However, the unidirectional microphone has a disadvantage in that thinness and size reduction are restricted. There is.

小型化が可能なマイクロホンとしてエレクトレット型のものを考えた場合、特許文献１に記載される双指向性のものと単一指向性のものとが存在する。双指向性のものと単一指向性のものと比較すると、双指向性のものが小型化しやすく安価である。このような観点から双方向性のマイクロホンを用いて単一指向性のマイクロホン装置を作り出すことが望まれている。   When an electret type microphone is considered as a microphone that can be miniaturized, there are a bidirectional type and a unidirectional type described in Patent Document 1. Compared with the bi-directional type and the uni-directional type, the bi-directional type is easy to downsize and inexpensive. From such a viewpoint, it is desired to produce a unidirectional microphone device using a bidirectional microphone.

本発明の目的は、小型化が可能で単一指向性となるマイクロホン装置を合理的に構成する点にある。   An object of the present invention is to rationally configure a microphone device that can be miniaturized and is unidirectional.

本発明の特徴は、マイクロホンをケース内部に備え、このケースに形成した音孔からの音響信号をマイクロホンに導くように構成されているマイクロホン装置において、
前記マイクロホンが軸芯方向に沿う両方向からの音響信号を取得する双指向性型に構成されると共に、前記ケースの同一の壁部に前記音孔として第１音孔と第２音孔とが形成され、このケースの内部に前記第１音孔からの音響信号を前記マイクロホンの前面に導く第１導音空間と、前記第２音孔からの音響信号を前記マイクロホンの後面に導く第２導音空間とが形成され、前記第１導音空間と第２導音空間との何れか一方又は双方に音響抵抗材を備えている点にある。 A feature of the present invention is a microphone device that includes a microphone inside a case and is configured to guide an acoustic signal from a sound hole formed in the case to the microphone.
The microphone is configured as a bidirectional type that acquires acoustic signals from both directions along the axial direction, and a first sound hole and a second sound hole are formed as the sound holes in the same wall portion of the case. A first sound introduction space for guiding an acoustic signal from the first sound hole to the front surface of the microphone, and a second sound guide for guiding the acoustic signal from the second sound hole to the rear surface of the microphone. A space is formed, and an acoustic resistance material is provided in one or both of the first sound introduction space and the second sound introduction space.

この構成により、第１導音空間と第２導音空間との何れか一方に導かれる音響信号が音響抵抗材によって遅延するので、第１音孔から第１導音空間を介してマイクロホンの前面に導かれる音響信号と、第２音孔から第２導音空間を介してマイクロホンの後面に導かれる音響信号とに音圧差を作り出し、双指向性のマイクロホンで音響信号を取得することが可能となる。特に、第２音孔とケースの同一の壁部に第１音孔と第２音孔とを形成しているので、夫々の音孔が開放する方向に向かう指向性を得るものとなる。その結果、安価で製造が容易な双指向性のマイクロホンを用いて小型化が可能で単一指向性のマイクロホン装置が合理的に構成されたのである。   With this configuration, the acoustic signal guided to one of the first sound guide space and the second sound guide space is delayed by the acoustic resistance material, so that the front surface of the microphone is passed through the first sound hole and the first sound guide space. It is possible to create a sound pressure difference between the acoustic signal guided to the sound and the acoustic signal guided from the second sound hole to the rear surface of the microphone through the second sound guiding space, and acquire the acoustic signal with the bidirectional microphone. Become. In particular, since the first sound hole and the second sound hole are formed in the same wall portion of the second sound hole and the case, directivity toward the direction in which each sound hole is opened is obtained. As a result, a unidirectional microphone device that can be miniaturized using a bidirectional microphone that is inexpensive and easy to manufacture is rationally constructed.

本発明は、前記ケースが前ハウジングと後ハウジングとで構成され、この前ハウジングのうち前記軸芯と直交する姿勢の前壁部に前記第１音孔と第２音孔とが形成されると共に、この前壁部の内面側に前記第１音孔に連なる空間と第２音孔に連なる空間とを隔絶する壁体が形成され、この壁体と、前ハウジングと、前記後ハウジングとで取り囲まれる空間によって前記第２導音空間を形成しても良い。   According to the present invention, the case includes a front housing and a rear housing, and the first sound hole and the second sound hole are formed in a front wall portion of the front housing in a posture orthogonal to the axis. A wall body is formed on the inner surface side of the front wall portion so as to isolate the space connected to the first sound hole and the space connected to the second sound hole, and is surrounded by the wall body, the front housing, and the rear housing. The second sound guide space may be formed by a space to be formed.

この構成により、壁体を前ハウジングに形成し後ハウジングを備えるだけで、この壁体と前ハウジングと後ハウジングとで取り囲まれる空間によって第２導音空間が形成されるものとなる。つまり、第２導音空間を形成するための特別の部材を取り付けずとも、前ハウジングの構造の設定により第２音孔からの音響信号をマイクロホンの後面に導くことが可能となる。   With this configuration, the second sound conducting space is formed by the space surrounded by the wall body, the front housing, and the rear housing only by forming the wall body in the front housing and providing the rear housing. That is, it is possible to guide the acoustic signal from the second sound hole to the rear surface of the microphone by setting the structure of the front housing without attaching a special member for forming the second sound guide space.

本発明は、前記前ハウジングの内部に、この前ハウジングと前記後ハウジングとを隔絶するよう前記軸芯と直交する姿勢の隔壁を配置し、この隔壁と前ハウジングとで取り囲まれる空間によって前記第１導音空間を形成しても良い。   In the present invention, a partition wall in a posture orthogonal to the shaft core is disposed inside the front housing so as to isolate the front housing and the rear housing, and the first space is surrounded by the space surrounded by the partition wall and the front housing. A sound guide space may be formed.

この構成により、隔壁と前ハウジングとで取り囲まれる状態の第１導音空間を形成することが可能となる。つまり、ケース内部に双指向性のマイクロホンを備える場合には、このマイクロホンの前面側に第１導音空間を形成し、このマイクロホンの後面側に第２導音空間を形成するために、マイクロホンをケースの前後方向での中間位置に配置することになるが、隔壁を配置することにより、第１導音空間を作り出し、第１音孔からの音響信号をマイクロホンの前面に導くことが可能となる。   With this configuration, it is possible to form the first sound introduction space surrounded by the partition wall and the front housing. In other words, when a bidirectional microphone is provided inside the case, the microphone is formed to form the first sound introduction space on the front side of the microphone and the second sound introduction space on the rear side of the microphone. Although it will arrange | position in the intermediate position in the front-back direction of a case, it will become possible to create a 1st sound introduction space and to guide the acoustic signal from a 1st sound hole to the front surface of a microphone by arrange | positioning a partition. .

本発明は、前記マイクロホンが基板に支持されると共に、この基板を前記隔壁と平行する位置に配置しても良い。   In the present invention, the microphone may be supported by a substrate, and the substrate may be disposed at a position parallel to the partition wall.

この構成により、隔壁と平行する位置に基板を配置することにより、この基板を第１導音空間に露出する側に配置しても音響信号を阻害することがない。   With this configuration, by disposing the substrate in a position parallel to the partition wall, the acoustic signal is not hindered even if the substrate is disposed on the side exposed to the first sound guide space.

本発明は、前記マイクロホンが、前記前面側と後面側とに音響開口を形成した円盤状のカプセルの内部に振動板とインピーダンス変換素子とを収納したエレクトレット型に構成されても良い。   In the present invention, the microphone may be configured as an electret type in which a diaphragm and an impedance conversion element are housed in a disk-shaped capsule having acoustic openings formed on the front side and the rear side.

この構成により、円盤状のカプセル型に構成されたマイクロホンを用いることによってマイクロホン装置全体の小型化が実現する。   With this configuration, the microphone device as a whole can be reduced in size by using a microphone configured as a disk-shaped capsule.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
図１及び図２に示すように、ケースＣに対して双指向性のマイクロホンＭを収納してマイクロホン装置が構成されている。このマイクロホン装置はケースＣに形成した第１音孔Ｈ１からの音響信号を第１導音空間Ｓ１によって前記マイクロホンＭの前面Ｆ側に導き、ケースＣに形成した第２音孔Ｈ２からの音響信号を第２導音空間Ｓ２によって前記マイクロホンＭの後面Ｒ側に導くよう構成されると共に、この第２導音空間Ｓ２に備えた音響抵抗材Ｄによって、この第２導音空間Ｓ２に導かれる音響信号を遅延させ、マイクロホンＭの前面Ｆと後面Ｒとに音圧差を作り出して音声を取得できるよう構成したものである。本実施の形態では、第２導音空間Ｓ２に音響抵抗材Ｄを備えていたが、この音響抵抗材Ｄを第１導音空間Ｓ１に備えても良い。特に、本発明では、第１導音空間Ｓ１と第２導音空間Ｓ２との双方に音響抵抗材Ｄを備えて良く（第１導音空間Ｓ１と第２導音空間Ｓ２との全ての空間に充填する状態で音響抵抗材Ｄを備えても良い）、また、第１導音空間Ｓ１に音響抵抗材Ｄを備える場合には第１音孔Ｈ１の近傍位置やマイクロホンＭの前面側に配置することが可能であり、第２導音空間Ｓ２に音響抵抗材Ｄを備える場合には図面に示す位置の他に第２音孔Ｈ２の近傍位置に配置することも可能である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a microphone device is configured by housing a bidirectional microphone M in a case C. In this microphone device, an acoustic signal from the first sound hole H1 formed in the case C is guided to the front surface F side of the microphone M by the first sound introduction space S1, and an acoustic signal from the second sound hole H2 formed in the case C is provided. Is guided to the rear surface R side of the microphone M by the second sound guide space S2, and the sound guided to the second sound guide space S2 by the acoustic resistance material D provided in the second sound guide space S2. The configuration is such that sound is acquired by delaying the signal and creating a sound pressure difference between the front surface F and the rear surface R of the microphone M. In the present embodiment, the acoustic resistance material D is provided in the second sound introduction space S2, but the acoustic resistance material D may be provided in the first sound introduction space S1. In particular, in the present invention, the acoustic resistance material D may be provided in both the first sound guide space S1 and the second sound guide space S2 (all the spaces of the first sound guide space S1 and the second sound guide space S2). In addition, the acoustic resistance material D may be provided in a state of being filled in), and when the acoustic resistance material D is provided in the first sound guide space S1, it is disposed in the vicinity of the first sound hole H1 or on the front side of the microphone M. In the case where the second sound introduction space S2 is provided with the acoustic resistance material D, it can be arranged in the vicinity of the second sound hole H2 in addition to the position shown in the drawing.

本発明のマイクロホン装置は、自動車の車内に備えられたマップライトやルームミラー等に内蔵することによって、運転者や助手席の同乗者からの音声をキャッチするために小型で単一指向性となるよう構成されたものであり具体的な構造を以下に説明する。   The microphone device of the present invention is small and unidirectional in order to catch a voice from a driver or a passenger in a passenger seat by being incorporated in a map light, a rearview mirror or the like provided in a car interior. A specific structure will be described below.

前記双指向性のマイクロホンＭは図３に示すように、複数の音響開口Ｍａを前面Ｆと後面Ｒとに形成した薄型の円盤状で金属製のカプセルＭｂの内部に振動板とＦＥＴ等のインピーダンス変換素子（図示せず）を内蔵したエレクトレット型に構成され、前記カプセルＭｂの中心位置を貫通する軸芯Ｘに沿う表裏両方向からの音響信号を良好の取り込むように構成されている。また、このマイクロホンＭは基板１の一方の端部に支持されている。この基板１はガラスエポキシ等の絶縁性の素材にプリント配線を形成し、このプリント配線にチップ型の素子２をハンダ付けにより固定することによりマイクロホンＭからの信号を増幅するアンプ回路を形成しており、この基板１の他方の端部にはアンプ回路で増幅された信号を取り出すケーブル３を接続している。前記基板１は必ずしもアンプ回路を備える必要はなく、マイクロホンＭからの信号を取り出すプリント配線だけを形成した構造のものや、アンプ回路以外に例えば、無線式に信号を送り出す回路を備えた構造のものであっても良い。   As shown in FIG. 3, the bidirectional microphone M has a thin disk shape in which a plurality of acoustic apertures Ma are formed on a front surface F and a rear surface R, and an impedance such as a diaphragm and an FET inside a metal capsule Mb. It is configured as an electret type with a built-in conversion element (not shown), and is configured to satisfactorily capture acoustic signals from both the front and back sides along the axis X passing through the center position of the capsule Mb. The microphone M is supported on one end of the substrate 1. The substrate 1 is formed by forming a printed wiring on an insulating material such as glass epoxy, and an amplifier circuit that amplifies a signal from the microphone M by fixing a chip-type element 2 to the printed wiring by soldering. The other end of the substrate 1 is connected to a cable 3 for extracting a signal amplified by the amplifier circuit. The substrate 1 does not necessarily have an amplifier circuit, and has a structure in which only a printed wiring for taking out a signal from the microphone M is formed, or a structure in which a circuit for sending a signal wirelessly is provided in addition to the amplifier circuit. It may be.

前記ケースＣは、前記第１音孔Ｈ１及び第２音孔Ｈ２が形成された矩形の前壁部１１と、これを取り囲む側壁部１２とを一体的に形成した樹脂製の前ハウジング１０と、この前ハウジング１０の後部の開口を閉塞する板状に形成された樹脂製の後ハウジング２０とで構成されている。   The case C includes a resin-made front housing 10 integrally formed with a rectangular front wall portion 11 in which the first sound hole H1 and the second sound hole H2 are formed, and a side wall portion 12 surrounding the rectangular front wall portion 11. The rear housing 20 is made of a resin and has a plate shape that closes the rear opening of the front housing 10.

つまり、図４及び図５に示すように前記前ハウジング１０は、前記前壁部１１の端部位置に前記第１音孔Ｈ１と第２音孔Ｈ２とがスリット状に形成され、この前壁部１１の内面側に前記マイクロホンＭの前面側を接当する形態で支持する第１ホルダ１３が一体的に形成されている。この第１ホルダ１３は前記第１音孔Ｈ１の側の一部が開放する開放部１３Ａを有したリング状に成形されている。この第１ホルダ１３より第２音孔Ｈ２の側には、前記第１音孔Ｈ１に連なる空間と第２音孔Ｈ２に連なる空間とを隔絶するように円弧状の壁体１４が前ハウジング１０と一体的に形成されている。また、前記側壁部１２の端部には前記ケーブル３の挿通を許すケーブルガイド部１５が形成されている。   That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the front housing 10 has the first sound hole H1 and the second sound hole H2 formed in a slit shape at the end position of the front wall portion 11, and this front wall. A first holder 13 that supports the front side of the microphone M so as to contact the inner side of the part 11 is integrally formed. The first holder 13 is formed in a ring shape having an open portion 13A where a part of the first sound hole H1 is opened. On the side of the second sound hole H2 from the first holder 13, an arcuate wall body 14 is provided in the front housing 10 so as to isolate the space connected to the first sound hole H1 and the space connected to the second sound hole H2. And is formed integrally. A cable guide portion 15 that allows the insertion of the cable 3 is formed at the end of the side wall portion 12.

前記後ハウジング２０は、後壁部２１が形成されると共に、この後壁部２１の内面側に前記マイクロホンＭの後面側に接当する形態で支持する第２ホルダ２２が一体的に形成されている。この第２ホルダ２２は前記第２音孔Ｈ２の側の一部が開放する開放部２２Ａを有したリング状に成形されている。この後ハウジング２０の内面側には一対の位置決め部２３が突設されている。また、この後ハウジング２０の端部には前記ケーブル３の挿通を許すケーブルガイド部２４が形成されている。   The rear housing 20 is formed with a rear wall portion 21, and a second holder 22 is integrally formed on the inner surface side of the rear wall portion 21 so as to be in contact with the rear surface side of the microphone M. Yes. The second holder 22 is formed in a ring shape having an open portion 22A that is partially open on the second sound hole H2. Thereafter, a pair of positioning portions 23 are projected from the inner surface side of the housing 20. Thereafter, a cable guide portion 24 that allows the insertion of the cable 3 is formed at the end of the housing 20.

前記ケースＣの内部には第１中間部材Ａと第２中間部材Ｂとを収めている。つまり、第１中間部材Ａは、第１音孔Ｈ１と前記第１ホルダ１３の開放部１３Ａとに連なる空間を形成する隔壁３１と、前記第１ホルダ１３に外嵌するリング状部３２とを一体化した柔軟な樹脂で形成され、この第１中間部材Ａのリング状部３２において前記第１ホルダ１３の開放部１３Ａと対応する部位に開放部３２Ａが形成されている。また、前記第２中間部材Ｂは、前記第２ホルダ２２に接当するリング状部３５と、前記第２音孔Ｈ２側に開放する開放部３６Ａを有する案内部３６とを一体化した柔軟な樹脂で形成されている。   A first intermediate member A and a second intermediate member B are accommodated in the case C. That is, the first intermediate member A includes the partition wall 31 that forms a space that is continuous with the first sound hole H1 and the open portion 13A of the first holder 13, and the ring-shaped portion 32 that is fitted around the first holder 13. The opening portion 32 </ b> A is formed at a site corresponding to the opening portion 13 </ b> A of the first holder 13 in the ring-shaped portion 32 of the first intermediate member A. In addition, the second intermediate member B is a flexible material in which a ring-shaped portion 35 that comes into contact with the second holder 22 and a guide portion 36 that has an open portion 36A that opens to the second sound hole H2 side are integrated. It is made of resin.

このようにケースＣとマイクロホンＭとが形成されているので、本発明のマイクロホン装置を組み立てる際には、前ハウジング１０の内面側に前記第１中間部材Ａをセットした後に、前記第１ホルダ１３に、その前面Ｆを接当させる状態でマイクロホンＭをセットする。このように中間部材Ａをセットした状態で中間部材Ａに形成された隔壁３１が前壁部１１と平行姿勢（軸芯Ｘと直交する姿勢）となる。次に、後ハウジング２０の内面側に前記第２中間部材Ｂをセットし、発泡樹脂製のパッドで成る前記音響抵抗材Ｄをセットした後に、後ハウジング２０を前ハウジング１０に嵌合させる形態で閉じ、接着剤等で固定し、前壁部１１の外面に音響信号が通過する微細な多数の開口（繊維同士の間隙）を有するクロス４０を貼着固定する。このように後ハウジング２０を固定した状態では前記音響抵抗材Ｄが第２中間部材Ｂと、後ハウジング２０の後壁部２１とに挟み込まれ圧縮されることにより、第２導音空間Ｓ２の内部に該音響抵抗材Ｄを隙間なく充填できるのである。   Since the case C and the microphone M are thus formed, when the microphone device of the present invention is assembled, the first holder 13 is set after the first intermediate member A is set on the inner surface side of the front housing 10. Then, the microphone M is set in a state where the front surface F is in contact therewith. The partition wall 31 formed on the intermediate member A in a state where the intermediate member A is set as described above is in a posture parallel to the front wall portion 11 (attitude orthogonal to the axis X). Next, after setting the second intermediate member B on the inner surface side of the rear housing 20 and setting the acoustic resistance material D made of a foamed resin pad, the rear housing 20 is fitted into the front housing 10. The cloth 40 is closed and fixed with an adhesive or the like, and a cloth 40 having a large number of fine openings (gap between fibers) through which an acoustic signal passes is adhered and fixed to the outer surface of the front wall portion 11. In this state where the rear housing 20 is fixed, the acoustic resistance material D is sandwiched between the second intermediate member B and the rear wall portion 21 of the rear housing 20 and compressed, so that the inside of the second sound guide space S2 The acoustic resistance material D can be filled without any gaps.

このように組み立てた状態では、前壁部１１と後壁部２１と４つの側壁部１２とで閉じた空間（第１音孔Ｈ１、第２音孔Ｈ２は開放している）となるケースＣが形成されると共に、前記第１ホルダ１３と前記第２ホルダ２２とでマイクロホンＭを前後方向（軸芯Ｘに沿う方向）から挟み込んでマイクロホンＭの位置が決まるものとなる。また、前記第１中間部材Ａの隔壁３１の端縁部と、前記後ハウジング２０に形成された一対の位置決め部２３とによって前記基板１の端縁部が挟み込まれることにより第１中間部材Ａと基板１との位置が決まり、この第１中間部材Ａの隔壁３１と前記基板１とを平行姿勢で接触させて安定状態で支持するものとなる。更に、この基板１に接続するケーブル３を前ハウジング１０のケーブルガイド部１５と後ハウジング２０のケーブルガイド部２４とで挟み込むことにより、このケーブル３からの張力を基板１に作用させないものとなっている。   In the assembled state, the case C is a space closed by the front wall portion 11, the rear wall portion 21, and the four side wall portions 12 (the first sound hole H1 and the second sound hole H2 are open). And the position of the microphone M is determined by sandwiching the microphone M between the first holder 13 and the second holder 22 from the front-rear direction (direction along the axis X). Further, the edge portion of the substrate 1 is sandwiched between the edge portion of the partition wall 31 of the first intermediate member A and the pair of positioning portions 23 formed in the rear housing 20, whereby the first intermediate member A and The position with respect to the substrate 1 is determined, and the partition wall 31 of the first intermediate member A and the substrate 1 are brought into contact in a parallel posture and supported in a stable state. Further, the cable 3 connected to the substrate 1 is sandwiched between the cable guide portion 15 of the front housing 10 and the cable guide portion 24 of the rear housing 20 so that the tension from the cable 3 is not applied to the substrate 1. Yes.

このマイクロホン装置では、前記前ハウジング１０の前壁部１１及び側壁部１２と、前記第１中間部材Ａの隔壁３１とで取り囲まれる部位に第１音孔Ｈ１からマイクロホンＭの前面Ｆまで連なる前記第１導音空間Ｓ１が形成され、前記前ハウジング１０の側壁部１２及び壁体１４と、前記後ハウジング２０の後壁部２１と、前記第２中間部材Ｂの案内部３６とで取り囲まれる部位で第２音孔Ｈ１からマイクロホンＭの後面Ｒまで連なる前記第２導音空間Ｓ２が形成されるものとなり、この第２導音空間Ｓ２に対して充填する形態で前記音響抵抗材Ｄが備えられる。   In this microphone device, the first wall that extends from the first sound hole H <b> 1 to the front surface F of the microphone M is surrounded by the front wall portion 11 and the side wall portion 12 of the front housing 10 and the partition wall 31 of the first intermediate member A. One sound guide space S1 is formed and is a part surrounded by the side wall portion 12 and the wall body 14 of the front housing 10, the rear wall portion 21 of the rear housing 20, and the guide portion 36 of the second intermediate member B. The second sound introduction space S2 connected from the second sound hole H1 to the rear surface R of the microphone M is formed, and the acoustic resistance material D is provided in a form of filling the second sound introduction space S2.

そして、このマイクロホン装置では、第１音孔Ｈ１と第２音孔Ｈ２との夫々が開放する方向からの音響信号を第１音孔Ｈ１、第２音孔Ｈ２からケースＣの内部に取り込み、第１音孔Ｈ１からの音響信号は第１導音空間Ｓ１を介してマイクロホンＭの前面Ｆに導かれ、第２導音空間Ｓ２からの音響信号は第２導音空間Ｓ２を介してマイクロホンＭの後面Ｒに導かれる際に音響抵抗材Ｄに接触することによって遅延し、この遅延したタイミングで音響信号がマイクロホンＭの後面Ｒに伝えられるためマイクロホンＭの前面ＦとマイクロホンＭの後面Ｒとに加えられる音響信号に音圧差を作り出し、高感度で音響信号を電気信号に変換できるものとなっている。   In this microphone device, an acoustic signal from the direction in which each of the first sound hole H1 and the second sound hole H2 is opened is taken into the case C from the first sound hole H1 and the second sound hole H2, The acoustic signal from the first sound hole H1 is guided to the front surface F of the microphone M via the first sound guiding space S1, and the acoustic signal from the second sound guiding space S2 is transmitted to the microphone M via the second sound guiding space S2. When it is guided to the rear surface R, it is delayed by contacting the acoustic resistance material D, and an acoustic signal is transmitted to the rear surface R of the microphone M at this delayed timing, so that it is added to the front surface F of the microphone M and the rear surface R of the microphone M. A sound pressure difference is created in the sound signal to be generated, and the sound signal can be converted into an electric signal with high sensitivity.

このように本発明のマイクロホン装置は、ケースＣに対して双指向性のマイクロホンＭを収納したものでありながら、ケースＣの前壁部１１に形成した第１音孔Ｈ１と第２音孔Ｈ２とが開放する方向への感度が高感度となる単一指向性のマイクロホンとして使用可能となるばかりでなく、双指向性のマイクロホンＭとして薄型で安価なものを使用できるので装置全体の小型化が可能となるばかりでなく、安価に製造できるものとなっている。   Thus, the microphone device of the present invention accommodates the bidirectional microphone M with respect to the case C, but the first sound hole H1 and the second sound hole H2 formed in the front wall portion 11 of the case C. In addition to being able to be used as a unidirectional microphone with high sensitivity in the opening direction, a thin and inexpensive microphone can be used as the bidirectional microphone M, thereby reducing the overall size of the apparatus. Not only is it possible, but it can also be manufactured at low cost.

〔別実施の形態〕
本発明は、上記した実施の形態以外に、携帯電話機や半導体メモリに音声を記録する録音装置に備えも良い。又、ケースＣの内部に形成される第１導音空間Ｓ１と第２導音空間Ｓ２とをケースＣを構成する部材だけで形成することが可能であり、マイクロホンＭを支持する基板１を前記隔壁に兼用するように構成しても良い。 [Another embodiment]
In addition to the above-described embodiments, the present invention may be provided in a recording device that records audio in a mobile phone or a semiconductor memory. Further, the first sound introduction space S1 and the second sound introduction space S2 formed inside the case C can be formed only by the members constituting the case C, and the substrate 1 that supports the microphone M is formed as described above. You may comprise so that it may serve as a partition.

マイクロホン装置の斜視図Perspective view of microphone device マイクロホン装置の断面図Cross section of microphone device マイクロホンの前面側及び後面側を示す斜視図A perspective view showing the front side and the rear side of the microphone マイクロホン装置の各部の構造を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the structure of each part of a microphone apparatus マイクロホン装置の分解斜視図Disassembled perspective view of microphone device

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 基板
１０ 前ハウジング
１１ 前壁部
１４ 壁体
２０ 後ハウジング
３１ 隔壁
Ｃ ケース
Ｄ 音響抵抗材
Ｆ マイクロホンの前面
Ｒ マイクロホンの後面
Ｍ マイクロホン
Ｍａ 音響開口
Ｍｂ カプセル
Ｘ 軸芯
Ｈ１ 第１音孔・音孔
Ｈ２ 第２音孔・音孔
Ｓ１ 第１導音空間
Ｓ２ 第２導音空間 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Board | substrate 10 Front housing 11 Front wall part 14 Wall body 20 Rear housing 31 Bulkhead C Case D Acoustic resistance material F Front surface of microphone R Rear surface of microphone M Microphone Ma Acoustic opening Mb Capsule X Axis core H1 First sound hole / sound hole H2 Second sound hole / sound hole S1 First sound introduction space S2 Second sound introduction space

Claims (5)

マイクロホンをケース内部に備え、このケースに形成した音孔からの音響信号をマイクロホンに導くように構成されているマイクロホン装置であって、
前記マイクロホンが軸芯方向に沿う両方向からの音響信号を取得する双指向性型に構成されると共に、前記ケースの同一の壁部に前記音孔として第１音孔と第２音孔とが形成され、このケースの内部に前記第１音孔からの音響信号を前記マイクロホンの前面に導く第１導音空間と、前記第２音孔からの音響信号を前記マイクロホンの後面に導く第２導音空間とが形成され、前記第１導音空間と第２導音空間との何れか一方又は双方に音響抵抗材を備えているマイクロホン装置。 A microphone device provided with a microphone inside the case and configured to guide an acoustic signal from a sound hole formed in the case to the microphone,
The microphone is configured as a bidirectional type that acquires acoustic signals from both directions along the axial direction, and a first sound hole and a second sound hole are formed as the sound holes in the same wall portion of the case. A first sound introduction space for guiding an acoustic signal from the first sound hole to the front surface of the microphone, and a second sound guide for guiding the acoustic signal from the second sound hole to the rear surface of the microphone. A microphone device in which a space is formed and an acoustic resistance material is provided in one or both of the first sound introduction space and the second sound introduction space. 前記ケースが、前ハウジングと後ハウジングとで構成され、この前ハウジングのうち前記軸芯と直交する姿勢の前壁部に前記第１音孔と第２音孔とが形成されると共に、この前壁部の内面側に前記第１音孔に連なる空間と第２音孔に連なる空間とを隔絶する壁体が形成され、この壁体と、前ハウジングと、前記後ハウジングとで取り囲まれる空間によって前記第２導音空間を形成してある請求項１記載のマイクロホン装置。   The case includes a front housing and a rear housing, and the first sound hole and the second sound hole are formed in a front wall portion of the front housing in a posture orthogonal to the shaft core. A wall body is formed on the inner surface side of the wall portion so as to separate the space connected to the first sound hole and the space connected to the second sound hole, and the wall is surrounded by the space surrounded by the front housing and the rear housing. The microphone device according to claim 1, wherein the second sound introduction space is formed. 前記前ハウジングの内部に、この前ハウジングと前記後ハウジングとを隔絶するよう前記軸芯と直交する姿勢の隔壁を配置し、この隔壁と前ハウジングとで取り囲まれる空間によって前記第１導音空間を形成してある請求項２記載のマイクロホン装置。   A partition wall in a posture orthogonal to the shaft core is disposed inside the front housing so as to isolate the front housing and the rear housing, and the first sound introduction space is defined by a space surrounded by the partition wall and the front housing. The microphone device according to claim 2, wherein the microphone device is formed. 前記マイクロホンが基板に支持されると共に、この基板が前記隔壁と平行する位置に配置されている請求項３記載のマイクロホン装置。   The microphone device according to claim 3, wherein the microphone is supported by a substrate, and the substrate is disposed at a position parallel to the partition wall. 前記マイクロホンが、前記前面側と後面側とに音響開口を形成した円盤状のカプセルの内部に振動板とインピーダンス変換素子とを収納したエレクトレット型に構成されている請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載のマイクロホン装置。   The said microphone is comprised in the electret type | mold which accommodated the diaphragm and the impedance conversion element in the inside of the disk shaped capsule which formed the acoustic opening in the said front side and the back side. The microphone device according to item.
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