JP2005280416A - Free motion object in fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance durability and reliability of a free motion object in fluid. <P>SOLUTION: Flow regulation devices are provided near ends of a plurality of jet ports provided on a wing of the free motion object in fluid. The flow regulation device suppresses turbulent flow of the fluid jetted from the jet ports, and larger lift is obtained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a free moving body in a fluid, and more particularly to a free moving body in a fluid having a blade provided with a fluid ejection port.

  As one of the conventional free-moving bodies in fluids such as flying bodies, diving bodies, and aircraft, fluid is ejected from the wings provided in the free-moving bodies in the fluid, and the force of the fluid applied to the wings is changed to change the fluid There are free-moving bodies in fluid that obtain a high lift by changing the posture of the free-moving body and preventing separation of the fluid flow from the blade surface.

  The conventional wing of a free moving body in fluid shown in FIG. 15A is applied to the wing by ejecting fluid from a jet port provided near the trailing edge of the wing and changing the flow of fluid around the wing. The fluid force is changed (simple jet flap).

  The conventional wing of a free moving body in fluid shown in FIG. 15 (b) has a fluid outlet shown in FIG. 14 (a) in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the rudder, and changes in the flow of fluid around the wing using the rudder. In combination with the change in the flow of fluid around the blade using the ejection of fluid, the force of the fluid applied to the blade is changed more greatly (combined jet flap).

  15 (c) shows a conventional free moving body in fluid, in which the fluid is ejected so that the fluid ejected from the ejection port provided near the trailing edge of the blade flows along the surface of the rudder. The fluid force is changed more greatly (internal jet flap).

  The conventional free-moving-substance wing shown in FIG. 15D uses a fluid and a rudder ejected to generate thrust instead of ejecting fluid from an ejection port provided on the wing. The force of the fluid applied to the water is greatly changed (external jet flap).

  Details of the structure of the wing having the structure of the internal jet flap shown in FIG. 15 (c) among various wings of the free moving body in the fluid are shown in FIG. 16 (Non-Patent Document 1). Inside the blade 101, a tank 102 is provided for storing the fluid to be ejected. The fluid stored in the tank 102 can be supplied from the outside or a compression tank provided separately. The fluid inside the tank 102 is sent to the air reservoir 104 provided near the trailing edge of the blade through the pipe 103. The fluid sent to the air reservoir 104 is ejected from a nozzle 105 which is an ejection port provided in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the blade.

FIG. 17 shows the details of the structure of the wing having the simple jet flap structure shown in FIG. In the vicinity of the trailing edge of the blade 111, a jet port 112 for jetting fluid is provided. The jet port 112 has a shape in which the surface of the blade 3 is elongated and opened along the rear edge of the blade 111. An air reservoir 113 is provided inside the wing 111 and stores a fluid to be ejected from the ejection port 4. A flow path 114 is formed in the blade 111 so that the air reservoir 113 and the jet port 112 communicate with each other. As described above, the portion between the ejection port 112 and the rear edge, that is, the rear edge portion 115 shown in FIG. 14A is connected to the blade root and the blade tip at two ends of the rear edge portion 115.
Aerospace Technology Research Institute Report TR294 Figure 2

  When the thickness of the blade is sufficiently large, the fluid free moving body provided with such a blade can sufficiently secure the wall thickness near the trailing edge of the blade. However, if the free moving body in the fluid is small and light, such as a small airplane or small and lightweight flying body, the wing thickness is very thin, and the wall thickness near the trailing edge of the wing can be secured sufficiently. Can not. This leads to a significant decrease in the strength of the blade, and the durability and reliability of the free moving body in the fluid cannot be ensured. Further, when the free moving body in the fluid moves at high speed, the vicinity of the trailing edge of the blade may vibrate and the vicinity of the trailing edge of the blade may be peeled off.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fluid free moving body excellent in durability and reliability.

  In order to achieve the above object, a free moving body in fluid of the present invention is a body capable of moving in a fluid, a wing provided on the body, an opening in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the wing, and ejects fluid. And a reinforcing portion for reinforcing a rear edge portion between the jet port and the rear edge, which is provided between the jet ports adjacent to each other.

  The free moving body in fluid of the present invention has a body movable in the fluid, a wing provided in the body, a beam provided in the wing, and an opening in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the wing. And a plurality of outlets for ejecting fluid, and a rear edge portion between the outlet and the rear edge is reinforced by the beam.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the free moving body in fluid excellent in durability and reliability can be provided.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
First, FIG. 1 shows a free moving body in fluid according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  A wing 3 for generating lift is provided on a body 2 of an aircraft 1 (free moving body in fluid). The wing 3 is provided with a jet port 4 for generating a higher lift as required, such as in the case of takeoff and landing. The jet port 4 is provided in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the blade 3. In addition, the position of the jet nozzle 4 is the back surface of the wing | blade 3 in FIG.

  Then, the detail of the jet nozzle 4 is demonstrated. In the present embodiment, a wing 3 having a simple jet flap structure, which is the simplest structure for explanation, will be described. FIG. 2 shows a blade 3 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  2 is different from the actual ratio of the distance from the blade root to the blade tip and the distance from the leading edge to the trailing edge for convenience of illustration. Further, for the convenience of illustration, the blade 3 shown in FIG. 2 has a constant width from the leading edge to the trailing edge from the blade root to the tip, but actually, from the leading edge to the trailing edge as shown in FIG. The width of may be gradually reduced from the blade root to the blade tip. For the convenience of illustration, the blade 3 shown in FIG. 2 is represented by a cross-sectional view of an arbitrary cross section of the blade 3, but the cross-sectional shape may be different from the blade root to the blade tip. For example, a general NACA airfoil can be combined, and the cross-sectional shape can be gradually changed from the blade root to the blade tip.

  In the vicinity of the trailing edge of the blade 3, a jet outlet 4 for jetting fluid is provided. The spout 4 has a shape in which the surface of the blade 3 is elongated along the rear edge of the blade 3. A reinforcing portion 8 for reinforcing the portion between the jet port 4 and the rear edge, that is, the rear edge portion 5 shown in FIG. 2 is provided between the adjacent jet ports 4. An air reservoir 6 is provided inside the wing 3, and a fluid to be ejected from the ejection port 4 is stored. The fluid is supplied using, for example, a compressor that compresses the surrounding fluid using the power of the engine of the aircraft 1 or a fluid supply means (not shown) such as a pressure cylinder provided in the body 1. Can be controlled. A flow path 7 is formed in the blade 3 so that the air reservoir 6 and the jet port 4 communicate with each other.

  Next, the force applied to the blade 3 by the fluid ejected from the ejection port 4 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3A, when the fluid 10 is not ejected, the flows 9 a and 9 b flow around the blade 3 so as to adhere to the blade 3. However, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the fluid 10 is ejected from the ejection port 4, the flow direction of the flows 9a and 9b is deflected, and the blade 3 has a force perpendicular to the fluid flow direction. Lift 11 is generated. In this manner, the amount of lift 11 can be controlled by ejecting fluid from the ejection port 4, stopping ejection of fluid, or changing the amount of fluid ejected.

Thus, since the trailing edge 5 is reinforced by the reinforcing portion 8 in the fluid free moving body according to the first embodiment, the mechanical strength in the vicinity of the jet port 4 and the trailing edge of the blade 3 is high. It is possible to improve the durability and reliability of the free moving body in the fluid. Further, since the trailing edge portion 5 is reinforced by the reinforcing portion 8, even when the free moving body in the fluid moves at a high speed, vibration in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the blade hardly occurs.
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 5 shows a wing 3 provided on a free moving body in fluid according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Note that the same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the vicinity of the rear edge portion 5 of the blade 3, an ejection port 24 for ejecting fluid is provided. The jet port 24 has a shape in which the surface of the blade 3 is elongated along the rear edge of the blade 3. The spout 24 has a large width 20 at the center and a small width 20 at the end.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the spout 4 of the free moving body in fluid according to the first embodiment has a substantially rectangular shape having a width 20 and a length 21. FIG. 4B is a view of the wing 3 seen from the direction of the arrow 22 in FIG. An arrow 23 shown in FIG. 4B indicates the fluid 11 ejected from the ejection port 4, and its length indicates the flow velocity of the fluid 11.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the flow velocity of the fluid is fast at the center of the jet nozzle 4 and slow at the end. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5A, the free moving body in fluid according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a shape in which the shape of the jet port 24 provided in the blade 3 is large at the center portion and the width 20 is large. At the end, the width 20 is a small shape.

Thus, in the fluid free moving body according to the second embodiment, the rear edge portion 5 is reinforced by the reinforcing portion 8 as in the first embodiment. Further, the mechanical strength in the vicinity of the trailing edge is improved, and the durability and reliability of the free moving body in the fluid can be improved. Further, since the trailing edge portion 5 is reinforced by the reinforcing portion 8, even when the free moving body in the fluid moves at a high speed, vibration in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the blade hardly occurs. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the velocity of the fluid ejected from the center of the ejection port 24 and the ejection from the end of the ejection port 24, compared with the free moving body in fluid according to the first embodiment. The difference in fluid speed is small. Therefore, a greater lift can be obtained.
(Third embodiment)
FIG. 6 shows a wing 3 provided on a free moving body in fluid according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Note that the same parts as those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 (b) and 5 (b), in the in-fluid free moving body according to the first and second embodiments, between the jets ejected from the adjacent ejection ports 4 and A turbulent flow 31 is generated between the jets ejected from the adjacent jet outlets 24. The turbulent flow 31 generates a force in a direction opposite to the direction of lift generated by the blade 3. The force generated by the turbulent flow 31 increases as the relative velocity between the free moving body in the fluid and the fluid to which the free moving body in the fluid exists (in this embodiment, the atmospheric velocity of the free moving body in the fluid) increases.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, a rectifying device 32 (plate member) is provided at a position adjacent to the ejection port 4. The rectifying device 32 is provided so as to be substantially orthogonal to the blade 3 in order to reduce the resistance of the free moving body in the fluid, and the direction from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the blade 3 is a planar direction. Is provided. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the rectifier 32 is preferably a streamlined type in order to reduce resistance to the fluid. Moreover, from the experiment mentioned later, the height from the blade | wing 3 of the rectifier 32 is preferable 1/2 or more of the space | interval of the adjacent jet nozzle 4. FIG.

  The result of the numerical analysis which confirmed the effect of the rectifier 32 in FIG. 7 is shown. FIG. 7A shows the result of numerical analysis of the blade 3 provided with only the jet nozzle 4 used in the free moving body in fluid according to the first embodiment. The low speed region 38 indicates a region where the flow velocity of the fluid flowing around the blade 3 is relatively slow. The high speed region 39 indicates a region where the flow velocity of the fluid flowing around the blade 3 is faster than the low speed region 38. A region not particularly indicated indicates a region where the flow velocity is slower than the low speed region 38.

  FIG. 7B shows the result of numerical analysis of the blade 3 provided with the jet port 4 and the rectifying device 32 used in the free moving body in fluid according to the third embodiment. Similarly to FIG. 7A, the low speed region 38 is a region where the flow velocity of the fluid flowing around the blade 3 is relatively slow, and the high speed region 39 is a region where the flow velocity of the fluid flowing around the blade 3 is faster than the low speed region 38. The region not particularly indicated indicates a region where the flow velocity is slower than the low speed region 38.

  In the blade 3 provided with only the jet port 4, the fluid having a high flow velocity ejected from the jet port 4 drops at a position near the jet port 4, and thus the blade provided with the jet port 4 and the rectifier 32. Compared to 3, the volume of the high-speed region 39 near the spout 4 is smaller. On the other hand, in the blade 3 provided with the jet port 4 and the rectifying device 32, the fluid having a high flow velocity ejected from the jet port 4 has a large volume in the high-speed region 39 near the jet port 4. That is, the influence of the turbulent flow 31 is reduced by the function of the rectifier 32, and the wing 3 provided with the jet outlet 4 and the rectifier 32 ejects a fluid having a high flow velocity without further decreasing the flow velocity. You can see that

  Then, it experimented about the influence of the height from the wing | blade 3 of the rectifier 32. FIG. FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show an experimental apparatus in which the influence of the height of the rectifier 32 from the blade 3 is confirmed, and FIG. 10 shows an experimental result of the influence of the height in the rectifier 32 from the blade 3.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the attachment 33 to which the wing 3 is fixed is attached to a load cell 35 for measuring a force 34 applied to the attachment 33. Then, the blade 3, the attachment 33, and the load cell 35 are installed inside a wind tunnel through which a substantially uniform laminar flow of air flows, and the force applied to the load cell 35 is measured.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the maximum height 37 from the surface of the wing 3 of the rectifier 32 is set to 1/3, 1/2, 1/1 of the interval 36 between the adjacent jet ports 4 (the interval and the maximum height are (Equal) and 5/3 levels are set. The force applied to the load cell 35 was measured for each blade 3 whose maximum height 37 was set in four stages.

  FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the flow velocity of the air flowing through the wind tunnel and the force applied to the load cell 35. The flow rate is plotted on the horizontal axis, and the force applied to the load cell 35 is plotted on the vertical axis. When the maximum height 37 is 1/3 of the interval 36, unless the flow velocity is 20 m / s or more, the force applied to the load cell 35, that is, the lift force does not increase as the flow velocity increases. However, when the maximum height 37 is ½ or more of the interval 36, the force applied to the load cell, that is, the lift force increases as the flow rate increases. This is because when the maximum height 37 is 1/3 of the interval 36, the influence of the turbulent flow 31 is larger in the region where the flow velocity is slower than the lift force, and the influence of the turbulent flow 31 is affected in the region where the flow velocity is high. This is thought to be due to the small size.

  Thus, in the fluid free moving body according to the third embodiment, the rear edge portion 5 is reinforced by the reinforcing portion 8 as in the first embodiment. Further, the mechanical strength in the vicinity of the trailing edge is improved, and the durability and reliability of the free moving body in the fluid can be improved. Further, since the trailing edge portion 5 is reinforced by the reinforcing portion 8, even when the free moving body in the fluid moves at a high speed, vibration in the vicinity of the trailing edge portion of the blade hardly occurs.

  In addition, since the rectifier 32 is provided adjacent to the jet nozzle 4 in the blade 3, the influence of the turbulent flow 31 is reduced, and in the fluid according to the first and second embodiments. Larger lift can be obtained compared to a free movement body.

  In addition, since the maximum height 37 from the blade 3 of the rectifier 32 is set to ½ or more of the interval between the adjacent ejection ports 4, a smaller number of jets can be obtained in a region where the moving speed of the free moving body in the fluid is high. Greater lift can be obtained with the fluid ejected from the outlet 4.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to each embodiment as mentioned above, You may change a shape, a material, a structure, or may combine.

  For example, the spout 4 of the free moving body in fluid according to the third embodiment of the present invention is formed at the center of the spout as in the free moving body in fluid according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The width may be increased and the end width may be decreased. In this case, as in the second embodiment, the difference between the velocity of the fluid ejected from the center of the ejection port and the velocity of the fluid ejected from the end of the ejection port is reduced. Therefore, a greater lift can be obtained.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, the reinforcing portion 8 and the trailing edge portion 5 of the free moving body in fluid according to the first embodiment may be fixed to a beam 12 provided inside the blade 3. The beam 12 is provided so that the chord direction of the wing 3 is the longitudinal direction, and plays a role as a structural material that supports the chord direction of the wing 3. Thus, if the reinforcement part 8 and the rear edge part 5 are fixed to the beam 12, the rear edge part 5 can be reinforced more firmly. Therefore, durability and reliability of the free moving body in fluid can be further improved.

Further, the reinforcing portion 8 and the beam 12 of the modified example of the in-fluid free moving body according to the first embodiment may be an integral member. When the reinforcing portion 8 and the beam 12 are formed as an integral member, the beam 12 is exposed to the surface of the blade 3 at the portion where the reinforcing portion 8 is provided in order to reduce the air resistance of the blade 3. It is preferable to provide the beam 12 so that the exposed portion of the beam 12 is smooth.
Further, as shown in FIG. 12A, a beam inside the blade 3 of the modified example of the free moving body in fluid according to the first embodiment may be formed. FIG. 12A shows a cross-sectional view of the blade 3. In 1st Embodiment, the beam inside the wing | blade 3 was only the beam 12, and the beam 12 and the reinforcement part 8 were fixed. However, if the strength of the blade 3 is desired to be further strengthened, a plurality of beams 40 may be combined and a tank 41 and a flow path 42 may be provided in addition to the air reservoir 6 and the flow path 7 as shown in FIG. Good.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 12 (b), a part of the beam provided in the modified example of the free moving body in fluid according to the first embodiment is extended and used as a rectifier provided in the blade 3. It doesn't matter. FIG. 12B shows a cross-sectional view of the blade 3. The rectifier 43 penetrates into the wing 3 and also functions as a beam provided inside the wing 3.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13, the rectifier 43 provided in the modified example of the free moving body in fluid according to the third embodiment is a portion extending from the vicinity of the jet outlet 4 of the blade 3 to the rear edge 5, For example, it may be extended to the front edge.

  Furthermore, in the first to third embodiments, the wing 3 having a simple jet flap structure has been described. However, the wing 3 having a combination jet flap or internal jet flap structure may be used. .

  Further, in the first to third embodiments, the structure for use as a flap for controlling the amount of lift generated in the blade 3 has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 14, the spout 4 for use as a flap on the surface opposite to the direction of lift generation on the blade root side of the blade 3 and the spout for use as an aileron on both surfaces of the blade tip side of the blade 3. 44 may be provided. Moreover, you may provide the spout 46 for using as a ladder on both surfaces of the vertical stabilization board 45 near the edge opposite to the advancing direction of the free moving body in a fluid. Furthermore, you may provide the spout 48 for using as an elevator on both surfaces of the horizontal stabilization board 47 near the edge opposite to the advancing direction of the free moving body in a fluid. Such a free-motion body in fluid not only can control the amount of lift by ejecting fluid from the ejection port 4, but also ejects fluid from the ejection port 44, the ejection port 46, and the ejection port 48. Thus, it is possible to control the attitude control in three directions of pitching, yawing and rolling.

The perspective view which shows 1st Embodiment of the free-motion body in fluid by this invention The figure which shows the wing | blade of 1st Embodiment of the free moving body in fluid by this invention The figure which shows the effect | action of the wing | blade of 1st Embodiment of the free moving body in fluid by this invention The figure which shows the wing | blade of 1st Embodiment of the free moving body in fluid by this invention The figure which shows the wing | blade of 2nd Embodiment of the free moving body in a fluid by this invention. The figure which shows the wing | blade of 3rd Embodiment of the free-motion body in a fluid by this invention. The figure which shows the experimental apparatus of 3rd Embodiment of the free-motion body in a fluid by this invention. The figure which shows the experimental result of 3rd Embodiment of the free-motion body in a fluid by this invention. The figure which shows the experimental apparatus of 3rd Embodiment of the free-motion body in a fluid by this invention. The figure which shows the experimental result of 3rd Embodiment of the free-motion body in a fluid by this invention. The figure which shows the modification of 1st Embodiment of the free-motion body in fluid by this invention The figure which shows the modification of 1st Embodiment of the free-motion body in fluid by this invention The figure which shows the modification of 1st Embodiment of the free-motion body in fluid by this invention The figure which shows the modification of 1st Embodiment of the free-motion body in fluid by this invention The figure which shows the conventional free moving body in fluid The figure which shows the conventional free moving body in fluid The figure which shows the conventional free moving body in fluid

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Aircraft 2 Body 3 Wings 4, 24, 44, 46, 48 Jet port 5 Rear edge part 6 Air reservoir 7 Flow path 8 Reinforcement part 9a, 9b Flow 10 Fluid 11 Lifting force 12 Beam 20 Width 21 Length 22, 23 Arrow 31 Turbulent flow 32 Rectifier 33 Attachment 34 Force 35 Load cell 36 Distance 37 Maximum height 38 Low speed area 39 High speed area 40 Beam 41 Tank 42 Channel 43 Rectifier 45 Vertical stabilizer 47 Horizontal stabilizer 101 Wing 102 Tank 103 Piping 104 Air reservoir 105 Nozzle 111 Wing 112 Spout 113 Air reservoir 114 Flow path 115 Rear edge

Claims (6)

A body that can move in fluid,
Wings provided on the body;
A plurality of spouts that are opened near the trailing edge of the wing and for ejecting fluid;
A reinforcing portion provided between the adjacent jetting ports, for reinforcing a rear edge portion between the jetting port and a rear edge;
A free moving body in fluid, characterized by comprising: The wing further has a beam inside the wing,
The free moving body in fluid according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing portion and the rear edge portion are fixed to at least a part of the beam.   3. The free moving body in fluid according to claim 1, wherein the jet outlet has an opening width at an end portion of the jet outlet smaller than an opening width of a central portion of the jet outlet. A body that can move in fluid,
Wings provided on the body;
A beam provided inside the wing;
A plurality of outlets for opening a fluid that is opened in the vicinity of the trailing edge of the wing, and
A free moving body in fluid, wherein a rear edge portion between the jet port and a rear edge is reinforced by the beam.   The free moving body in fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a plate-like member provided on the surface of the blade adjacent to the jet port. The maximum height of the plate-like member from the blade surface is ½ or more of the interval between the adjacent opening portions, according to any one of claims 1 to 5. Free moving body in fluid.

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