JP2005272361A - Method for producing tertiary amine - Google Patents

Method for producing tertiary amine Download PDF

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JP2005272361A
JP2005272361A JP2004088600A JP2004088600A JP2005272361A JP 2005272361 A JP2005272361 A JP 2005272361A JP 2004088600 A JP2004088600 A JP 2004088600A JP 2004088600 A JP2004088600 A JP 2004088600A JP 2005272361 A JP2005272361 A JP 2005272361A
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alkaline earth
alkali metal
earth metal
tertiary amine
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Masahiro Yamada
山田正宏
Yoshihisa Kawai
河合喜久
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Taoka Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a tertiary amine, by which the tertiary amine can profitably be produced without using a heavy metal catalyst, a noble metal-based catalyst, or the like. <P>SOLUTION: This method for producing the tertiary amine represented by formula (3) (R1 and R2 are each an aliphatic group, an alicyclic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group which may have one or more substituents; R3 is an alicyclic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group which may have one or more substituents; R4 is H, methyl or ethyl) is characterized by reacting a secondary amine represented by formula (1) with a compound represented by formula (2) in the presence or absence of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal alcoholates, alkaline earth metal alcoholates, alkali metal salts, and alkaline earth metal salts. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、3級アミンの新規な製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a novel method for producing a tertiary amine.

3級アミンは、家庭用、工業用分野において重要な中間体であり、医薬中間体、帯電防止剤、ガソリン添加剤、シャンプー、リンス、殺菌剤、洗浄剤など幅広い用途に用いられている。 Tertiary amines are important intermediates in household and industrial fields, and are used in a wide range of applications such as pharmaceutical intermediates, antistatic agents, gasoline additives, shampoos, rinses, disinfectants, and detergents.

3級アミンの製造法としては、2級アミンとアルコール化合物類を反応させる方法、2級アミンとハロゲン化合物類を反応させる方法、2級アミンとアルデヒド化合物類を反応させる方法等が知られているが、これらの方法においては、化合物によっては、タール化が進行したり、反応性が充分でないために収率が低下する場合があった。そこで、近年は、アミド化合物を還元して3級アミンを製造する方法が提案されている(特許文献1等)。このアミド化合物を還元する方法は、銅−クロム系、の重金属触媒や貴金属系の触媒等を用い、溶媒存在下または高圧下で反応を必要とすることや触媒の毒性や価格等の問題から工業的製法において使用することは好ましくなく、工業的に有利に製造する新規な方法が望まれていた。 As a method for producing a tertiary amine, a method of reacting a secondary amine with an alcohol compound, a method of reacting a secondary amine with a halogen compound, a method of reacting a secondary amine with an aldehyde compound, or the like is known. However, in these methods, depending on the compound, tarring may proceed or the yield may be lowered due to insufficient reactivity. Therefore, in recent years, a method for producing a tertiary amine by reducing an amide compound has been proposed (Patent Document 1, etc.). This amide compound reduction method uses a copper-chromium heavy metal catalyst or a noble metal catalyst, which requires a reaction in the presence of a solvent or under high pressure, and has problems such as toxicity and cost of the catalyst. Therefore, it is not preferable to use it in a conventional manufacturing method, and a new method for industrially advantageous production has been desired.

特開2001−302596号JP 2001-302596 A

本発明は3級アミンを重金属触媒、貴金属系の触媒等を用いることのない、工業的に有利な製造方法を提供するものである。 The present invention provides an industrially advantageous production method in which a tertiary amine is not used as a heavy metal catalyst, a noble metal catalyst or the like.

本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するために2級アミンを原料とし、重金属触媒や貴金属触媒を用いることなく、高純度で、かつ工業的に有利に3級アミンを製造する方法について鋭意検討した結果、
式(1)

Figure 2005272361

(式中、R1およびR2は、脂肪族基、脂環族基、芳香族基または複素環基を表わし、置換基を有していてもよい。)で示される2級アミンと
式(2)
Figure 2005272361
(式中、R3は脂環族基、芳香族基または複素環基を表わし、置換基を有していてもよい。R4は、水素、メチル基又はエチル基を表わす。)で示される化合物とをアルカリ金属の水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属の水酸化物、アルカリ金属アルコラート、アルカリ土類金属アルコラート、アルカリ金属の塩、アルカリ土類金属の塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の存在下または不存在下に反応させる反応させることにより、
式(3)
Figure 2005272361
(R1〜R3は、前記と同じ意味を示す。)で表わされる3級アミンが、重金属触媒、貴金属系の触媒等を用いることなく、工業的に有利に得られることを見い出し、本発明を完成させた。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors diligently studied a method for producing a tertiary amine with a high purity and industrially advantageously without using a heavy metal catalyst or a noble metal catalyst. As a result,
Formula (1)
Figure 2005272361

(Wherein R1 and R2 each represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group, and may have a substituent) and the formula (2)
Figure 2005272361
(Wherein R3 represents an alicyclic group, aromatic group or heterocyclic group and may have a substituent. R4 represents hydrogen, a methyl group or an ethyl group) In the presence of at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal alcoholates, alkaline earth metal alcoholates, alkali metal salts, and alkaline earth metal salts. Or by reacting in the absence,
Formula (3)
Figure 2005272361
(R1 to R3 have the same meanings as described above) The present invention has been found to be industrially advantageous without using a heavy metal catalyst, a noble metal catalyst, etc. I let you.

以下、本発明について更に詳細に説明する。
本発明において、
式(3)

Figure 2005272361
で表わされる化合物としては、R3が脂環族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも脂肪族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が脂環族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂肪族基と脂環族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が脂環族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂肪族基と芳香族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が脂環族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも脂環族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が脂環族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂環族基と芳香族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が脂環族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂環族基と複素環基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が脂環族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも芳香族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が脂環族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが芳香族基と複素環基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が脂環族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも複素環基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が芳香族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも脂肪族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が芳香族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂肪族基と脂環族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が芳香族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂肪族基と芳香族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が芳香族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも脂環族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が芳香族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂環族基と芳香族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が芳香族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂環族基と複素環基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が芳香族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも芳香族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が芳香族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが芳香族基と複素環基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が芳香族基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも複素環基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が複素環基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも脂肪族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が複素環基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂肪族基と脂環族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が複素環基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂肪族基と芳香族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が複素環基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも脂環族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が複素環基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂環族基と芳香族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が複素環基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが脂環族基と複素環基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が複素環基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも芳香族基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が複素環基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせが芳香族基と複素環基から選ばれる置換基である化合物、R3が複素環基であり、R1とR2の組み合わせがどちらも複素環基から選ばれる置換基である化合物が挙げられ、これらの化合物のなかでもR3が複素環基である化合物は医薬中間体として有用である。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
In the present invention,
Formula (3)
Figure 2005272361
R3 is an alicyclic group and a combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an aliphatic group, R3 is an alicyclic group, and a combination of R1 and R2 Wherein R3 is a substituent selected from an aliphatic group and an alicyclic group, R3 is an alicyclic group, and a combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an aliphatic group and an aromatic group, R3 Is a compound in which R1 and R2 are both substituents selected from alicyclic groups, R3 is an alicyclic group, and the combination of R1 and R2 is an alicyclic group and an aromatic group A compound which is a substituent selected from an aromatic group, a compound wherein R3 is an alicyclic group, a combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an alicyclic group and a heterocyclic group, and R3 is an alicyclic group A compound in which the combination of R 1 and R 2 is a substituent selected from an aromatic group, A compound in which 3 is an alicyclic group and the combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an aromatic group and a heterocyclic group, R3 is an alicyclic group, and both combinations of R1 and R2 are heterocyclic A compound that is a substituent selected from a group, a compound in which R3 is an aromatic group, and a combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an aliphatic group, R3 is an aromatic group, and R1 and R2 A compound in which the combination is a substituent selected from an aliphatic group and an alicyclic group, a compound in which R3 is an aromatic group, and a combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an aliphatic group and an aromatic group, R3 Is an aromatic group, and a combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an alicyclic group, R3 is an aromatic group, and a combination of R1 and R2 is an alicyclic group and an aromatic group Wherein R3 is an aromatic group, R1 and R2 A compound in which the combination is a substituent selected from an alicyclic group and a heterocyclic group, R3 is an aromatic group, and a combination in which both R1 and R2 are substituents selected from an aromatic group, R3 is aromatic A compound in which R1 and R2 are a substituent selected from an aromatic group and a heterocyclic group, R3 is an aromatic group, and both combinations of R1 and R2 are selected from a heterocyclic group A compound in which R3 is a heterocyclic group, a combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an aliphatic group, R3 is a heterocyclic group, and a combination of R1 and R2 is an aliphatic group R3 is a heterocyclic group, a compound in which R3 is a heterocyclic group, and a combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an aliphatic group and an aromatic group, R3 is a heterocyclic group Yes, R1 and R2 are both alicyclic groups R3 is a heterocyclic group, R3 is a heterocyclic group, a combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an alicyclic group and an aromatic group, R3 is a heterocyclic group, R1 and A compound in which the combination of R2 is a substituent selected from an alicyclic group and a heterocyclic group, a compound in which R3 is a heterocyclic group, and both combinations of R1 and R2 are substituents selected from an aromatic group, R3 Is a heterocyclic group, a compound in which the combination of R1 and R2 is a substituent selected from an aromatic group and a heterocyclic group, R3 is a heterocyclic group, and both combinations of R1 and R2 are selected from a heterocyclic group Among these compounds, compounds in which R3 is a heterocyclic group are useful as pharmaceutical intermediates.

脂肪族基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、iso−ペンチル基、2−エチル−ヘキシル基、オクチル基、デシル基、エテニル基、2−プロペニル基、3−ブテニル基、1−メチル−3−プロペニル基、3−ペンテニル基、1−メチル−3−ブテニル基、エチニル基、1−プロピニル基、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、アセチルオキシ基等が挙げられる。脂環族基としては、例えば、シクロヘキシル基、シクロヘプチル基、1−シクロアルケニル基、2−シクロアルケニル基等が挙げられる。芳香族基としては、例えば、フェニル基、ハロゲン置換フェニル基、カルボキシフェニル基、ベンゾイルオキシ基、フェノキシ基、p−トリルオキシ基等が挙げられる。複素環基としては例えば、イミダゾリル基、チアゾリル基、ベンゾオキサゾリル基、ピリジル基、ハロゲン置換ピリジル基、ピロリル基、インドリル基、ピリミジニル基、2−ピリジルオキシ基、ピロリルオキシ基等が挙げられる。 Examples of the aliphatic group include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, iso-pentyl group, 2-ethyl-hexyl group, octyl group, decyl group, ethenyl group, 2-propenyl group, 3 -Butenyl group, 1-methyl-3-propenyl group, 3-pentenyl group, 1-methyl-3-butenyl group, ethynyl group, 1-propynyl group, methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, acetyloxy group, etc. It is done. Examples of the alicyclic group include a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a 1-cycloalkenyl group, and a 2-cycloalkenyl group. Examples of the aromatic group include a phenyl group, a halogen-substituted phenyl group, a carboxyphenyl group, a benzoyloxy group, a phenoxy group, and a p-tolyloxy group. Examples of the heterocyclic group include imidazolyl group, thiazolyl group, benzoxazolyl group, pyridyl group, halogen-substituted pyridyl group, pyrrolyl group, indolyl group, pyrimidinyl group, 2-pyridyloxy group, pyrrolyloxy group and the like.

本発明における式(2)で表わされる化合物の使用量は、式(1)で表わされる化合物1モル当たり、通常、1〜4モルの範囲をで使用され、好ましくは、1〜2モルの範囲である。式(2)で表わされる化合物の使用量が1モル未満では生成物の収率が低下して好ましくなく、4モルを越えると生産性が低下し、工業的製造方法としては好ましくない。 The amount of the compound represented by the formula (2) in the present invention is usually used in the range of 1 to 4 mol, preferably in the range of 1 to 2 mol, per 1 mol of the compound represented by the formula (1). It is. When the amount of the compound represented by the formula (2) is less than 1 mol, the yield of the product is lowered, and when it exceeds 4 mol, the productivity is lowered, which is not preferable as an industrial production method.

本発明においては、必要に応じてアルカリ金属の水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属の水酸化物、アルカリ金属アルコラート、アルカリ土類金属アルコラート、アルカリ金属の塩、アルカリ土類金属の塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の存在下に反応することができる。アルカリ金属としては、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム等が挙げられる。アルカリ土類金属としてはカルシウム等が挙げられる。アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の水酸化物としては、水酸化リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化カルシウム等が挙げられ、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属のアルコラートとしては、例えばナトリウムメチラート、ナトリウムエチラート、カリウムメチラート、カリウムエチラート等が挙げられ、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の塩としては、アルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属とHF、HCl、HBr、HI等の無機酸または酢酸や炭酸等の有機酸との塩が挙げられ、その中でもナトリウム、カリウムもしくは炭酸との塩が好ましく、それぞれ単独でも2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。 In the present invention, an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkaline earth metal hydroxide, an alkali metal alcoholate, an alkaline earth metal alcoholate, an alkali metal salt, or an alkaline earth metal salt is optionally used. It can react in the presence of at least one selected. Examples of the alkali metal include lithium, sodium, and potassium. Examples of the alkaline earth metal include calcium. Examples of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide include lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide. Examples of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alcoholate include sodium methylate. , Sodium ethylate, potassium methylate, potassium ethylate and the like, and alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts include alkali metal or alkaline earth metal and inorganic acids such as HF, HCl, HBr, HI, or acetic acid. And salts with organic acids such as carbonic acid and the like. Among them, salts with sodium, potassium or carbonic acid are preferable, and each can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

本発明においては、必要に応じて、溶媒を用いることができる。 本発明において、必要に応じて用いることができる溶媒としては、本発明の反応を阻害しない溶媒であれば、特に限定されないが、例えば、ジメチルスルホキシド、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド等を用いることができる。   In the present invention, a solvent can be used as necessary. In the present invention, the solvent that can be used as necessary is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction of the present invention, and examples thereof include dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethyl. Formamide or the like can be used.

本発明における反応温度は、原料や溶媒等の使用量により異なるが、通常0℃〜150℃の温度範囲でおこなわれ、好ましくは、40℃〜120℃の温度範囲である。   Although the reaction temperature in this invention changes with the usage-amounts of a raw material, a solvent, etc., it is normally performed in the temperature range of 0 to 150 degreeC, Preferably it is the temperature range of 40 to 120 degreeC.

本発明における反応時間は、原料や溶媒等の使用量等の反応条件により異なるが、通常、3〜12時間の範囲でおこなわれる。 Although the reaction time in this invention changes with reaction conditions, such as the usage-amounts of a raw material, a solvent, etc., it is normally performed in the range of 3-12 hours.

本発明の方法により、2級アミンを原料として重金属触媒や貴金属触媒を用いることなく、高純度で、かつ工業的に有利に3級アミンを製造することができる。 By the method of the present invention, a tertiary amine can be produced with high purity and industrially advantageously without using a heavy metal catalyst or a noble metal catalyst from a secondary amine as a raw material.

次に、本発明の詳細を以下の実施例にて示すが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではな
い。
実施例1
100mlの硝子製反応容器にN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド20.0g、シクロヘキシル−(4−エチルフェニル)−アミン3.65g(18mmol)、ヨウ化カリウム0.33g(2mmol)、炭酸カリウム2.02g(20mmol)を入れ、15分間攪拌を行う。そして、トルエン−4−スルホン酸ピリジン−3−イル−メチルエステル5.24g(20mmol)をN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド20.0gに溶解させた溶液を加えたのち昇温し、70℃で6時間反応を行なう。反応終了後、25℃まで冷却したのち、トルエン50.0gを加え、水洗後、油層を分離し、減圧濃縮したのち、メタノールにて再結晶を行い、純度98.2wt%のシクロヘキシル−(4−エチルフェニル)−ピリジン−4−イル−メチルアミン4.42gを得た。 収率は83%であった。
実施例2
実施例1のシクロヘキシル−(4−エチルフェニル)−アミン(18mmol)3.65gをエチル−ピリジン−4−イル−アミン2.20g(18mmol)に、トルエン−4―スルホン酸ピリジン−3−イル−メチルエステル5.00g(20mmol)をトルエン−4−スルホン酸ベンジルエステルに替えた以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行い、純度98.0wt%のベンジル−エチル−ピリジン−4−イル−アミンを3.08gを得た。 収率は81%であった。
Next, although the detail of this invention is shown in the following examples, this invention is not limited to these.
Example 1
In a 100 ml glass reaction vessel, 20.0 g of N, N-dimethylformamide, 3.65 g (18 mmol) of cyclohexyl- (4-ethylphenyl) -amine, 0.33 g (2 mmol) of potassium iodide, 2.02 g of potassium carbonate ( 20 mmol) and stir for 15 minutes. Then, after adding a solution prepared by dissolving 5.24 g (20 mmol) of toluene-4-sulfonic acid pyridin-3-yl-methyl ester in 20.0 g of N, N-dimethylformamide, the temperature was raised, and the temperature was increased to 70 ° C. for 6 hours. Perform the reaction. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to 25 ° C., 50.0 g of toluene was added, washed with water, the oil layer was separated, concentrated under reduced pressure, recrystallized with methanol, and cyclohexyl- (4- 4.42 g of ethylphenyl) -pyridin-4-yl-methylamine was obtained. The yield was 83%.
Example 2
3.65 g of cyclohexyl- (4-ethylphenyl) -amine (18 mmol) of Example 1 was added to 2.20 g (18 mmol) of ethyl-pyridin-4-yl-amine, and pyridin-3-yl-toluene-4-sulfonate. The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that 5.00 g (20 mmol) of the methyl ester was replaced with toluene-4-sulfonic acid benzyl ester, and benzyl-ethyl-pyridin-4-yl-amine having a purity of 98.0 wt% was obtained. 3.08 g was obtained. The yield was 81%.

Claims (3)

式(1)
Figure 2005272361

(式中、R1およびR2は、脂肪族基、脂環族基、芳香族基または複素環基を表わし、置換基を有していてもよい。)で示される2級アミンと
式(2)
Figure 2005272361
(式中、R3は脂環族基、芳香族基または複素環基を表わし、置換基を有していてもよい。R4は、水素、メチル基又はエチル基を表わす。)で示される化合物とをアルカリ金属の水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属の水酸化物、アルカリ金属アルコラート、アルカリ土類金属アルコラート、アルカリ金属の塩、アルカリ土類金属の塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の存在下または不存在下に反応させることを特徴とする式(3)
Figure 2005272361
(R1〜R3は、前記と同じ意味を表わす。)で示される3級アミンの製造方法。
Formula (1)
Figure 2005272361

(Wherein R1 and R2 each represents an aliphatic group, an alicyclic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group, and may have a substituent) and the formula (2)
Figure 2005272361
(Wherein R3 represents an alicyclic group, aromatic group or heterocyclic group and may have a substituent. R4 represents hydrogen, a methyl group or an ethyl group) In the presence of at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal alcoholates, alkaline earth metal alcoholates, alkali metal salts, and alkaline earth metal salts. Or the reaction in the absence (3)
Figure 2005272361
(R1 to R3 represent the same meaning as described above).
R3が複素環基であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の3級アミンの製造方法。 The method for producing a tertiary amine according to claim 1, wherein R 3 is a heterocyclic group. アルカリ金属の水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属の水酸化物、アルカリ金属アルコラート、アルカリ土類金属アルコラート、アルカリ金属の塩、アルカリ土類金属の塩からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の存在下に反応させることを特徴とする請求項1〜2記載の3級アミンの製造方法。 In the presence of at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal alcoholates, alkaline earth metal alcoholates, alkali metal salts, and alkaline earth metal salts The method for producing a tertiary amine according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is performed.
JP2004088600A 2004-03-25 2004-03-25 Method for producing tertiary amine Pending JP2005272361A (en)

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