JP2005261075A - Dc/dc converter device - Google Patents

Dc/dc converter device Download PDF

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JP2005261075A
JP2005261075A JP2004069057A JP2004069057A JP2005261075A JP 2005261075 A JP2005261075 A JP 2005261075A JP 2004069057 A JP2004069057 A JP 2004069057A JP 2004069057 A JP2004069057 A JP 2004069057A JP 2005261075 A JP2005261075 A JP 2005261075A
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cooling body
cooling
semiconductor
converter device
temperature
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Kunio Matsubara
邦夫 松原
Ryuji Yamada
隆二 山田
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Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd
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Fuji Electric FA Components and Systems Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve device efficiency by reducing the generation loss of a DC/DC converter device as a whole. <P>SOLUTION: Cooling bodies 12, 13 are arranged at a semiconductor DC/AC conversion circuit 2 and a semiconductor rectifying circuit 4 that constitute the DC/DC converter device, respectively, and the temperature of the cooling body 13 is set higher than the temperature of the cooling body 12. By setting, for example, a thermal resistance value of the cooling body 13 higher than a thermal resistance value of the cooling body 12, the generation loss is reduced and the device efficiency of the DC/DC converter device is improved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、半導体素子を用いたDC/DCコンバータ(直流/直流変換)装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a DC / DC converter (direct current / direct current conversion) device using a semiconductor element.

半導体DC/AC変換回路と半導体整流回路から構成されるDC/DCコンバータ装置では、装置に用いられている半導体素子を冷却するため、例えば特許文献1に開示されているように、半導体スイッチング素子に冷却体を設置し、それを冷却ファンによって冷却する方法が一般的に採用されている。   In a DC / DC converter device composed of a semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit and a semiconductor rectifier circuit, a semiconductor switching element is used for cooling a semiconductor element used in the device, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1. A method of installing a cooling body and cooling it with a cooling fan is generally employed.

図5に冷却機能付きDC/DCコンバータ装置の従来例を示す。
図5において、1は直流電源、2は半導体DC/AC(直流/交流)変換回路、3は高周波変圧器、4は半導体整流回路、7はリアクトル5とコンデンサ6により構成されたLCフィルタ、8は負荷、9はDC/DCコンバータ装置筺体、10は冷却体、11は冷却ファンをそれぞれ示す。
FIG. 5 shows a conventional example of a DC / DC converter device with a cooling function.
In FIG. 5, 1 is a DC power source, 2 is a semiconductor DC / AC (DC / AC) conversion circuit, 3 is a high-frequency transformer, 4 is a semiconductor rectifier circuit, 7 is an LC filter composed of a reactor 5 and a capacitor 6, 8 Is a load, 9 is a DC / DC converter housing, 10 is a cooling body, and 11 is a cooling fan.

図5において、直流電源1から半導体DC/AC変換回路2にて変換した交流出力を高周波変圧器3の一次側に入力し、高周波変圧器3の二次側から半導体整流回路4にて整流し、LCフィルタ7にて平滑した直流電圧を出力する。半導体DC/AC変換回路2と、半導体整流回路4で用いられている半導体スイッチング素子の発生損失による熱破壊を防ぐために、半導体スイッチング素子を冷却体10と冷却ファン11により冷却するようにしている。上記半導体DC/AC変換回路2では、半導体スイッチング素子として一般的にMOSFET(金属酸化膜電界効果トランジスタ)が、また、半導体整流回路4では一般的にダイオードが用いられる。   In FIG. 5, the AC output converted from the DC power supply 1 by the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2 is input to the primary side of the high-frequency transformer 3 and rectified by the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4 from the secondary side of the high-frequency transformer 3. The DC voltage smoothed by the LC filter 7 is output. In order to prevent thermal destruction due to generation loss of the semiconductor switching elements used in the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2 and the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4, the semiconductor switching elements are cooled by the cooling body 10 and the cooling fan 11. In the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2, a MOSFET (metal oxide field effect transistor) is generally used as a semiconductor switching element, and in the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4, a diode is generally used.

図6に一般的なMOSFETのオン電圧特性を、図7に一般的なダイオードの順電圧特性をそれぞれ示す。
図6から、MOSFETはドレイン電流IDを流した場合、MOSFETの温度Tjが高くなるとオン電圧Vonが高くなる、いわゆる正の温度特性を持っていることが分かる。
一方、ダイオードは順方向電流IFを流した場合、図7に示すようにダイオードの温度Tjが高いと順電圧VFが低くなる、いわゆる負の温度特性を持っている。
FIG. 6 shows an on-voltage characteristic of a general MOSFET, and FIG. 7 shows a forward voltage characteristic of a general diode.
FIG. 6 shows that the MOSFET has a so-called positive temperature characteristic that when the drain current ID flows, the ON voltage Von increases as the MOSFET temperature Tj increases.
On the other hand, when a forward current IF flows, the diode has a so-called negative temperature characteristic in which the forward voltage VF decreases as the diode temperature Tj increases as shown in FIG.

特開平08−186388号公報(第3頁、図1)JP 08-186388 (page 3, FIG. 1)

これらの特性から、図5のように半導体DC/AC変換回路2と半導体整流回路4を均一に冷却すると、半導体DC/AC変換回路2におけるMOSFETのオン電圧による発生損失は低減するが、半導体整流回路4におけるダイオードの順電圧による発生損失は増加する。その結果、DC/DCコンバータ装置全体の発生損失に対して、半導体整流回路4の占める割合が大きい場合には、装置効率が低下するという問題がある。
したがって、この発明の課題は、DC/DCコンバータ装置全体の発生損失を低減し、装置効率を向上させることにある。
From these characteristics, when the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2 and the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4 are uniformly cooled as shown in FIG. 5, the generated loss due to the ON voltage of the MOSFET in the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2 is reduced. The loss generated by the forward voltage of the diode in the circuit 4 increases. As a result, when the ratio of the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4 to the generated loss of the entire DC / DC converter device is large, there is a problem that the device efficiency is lowered.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to reduce the generation loss of the entire DC / DC converter device and improve the device efficiency.

このような課題を解決するため、請求項1の発明では、半導体DC/AC変換回路と半導体整流回路とを有するDC/DCコンバータ装置において、
前記半導体DC/AC変換回路には第1の冷却体、前記半導体整流回路には第2の冷却体をそれぞれ設け、前記第1の冷却体の温度を前記第2の冷却体の温度よりも低くすることを特徴とする。
この請求項1の発明においては、前記第2の冷却体の熱抵抗値を前記第1の冷却体の熱抵抗値よりも大きくすることができる(請求項2の発明)。
In order to solve such a problem, in the invention of claim 1, in a DC / DC converter device having a semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit and a semiconductor rectifier circuit,
The semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit is provided with a first cooling body, and the semiconductor rectifier circuit is provided with a second cooling body, and the temperature of the first cooling body is lower than the temperature of the second cooling body. It is characterized by doing.
In this invention of Claim 1, the thermal resistance value of the said 2nd cooling body can be made larger than the thermal resistance value of the said 1st cooling body (Invention of Claim 2).

また、請求項1の発明においては、前記第1の冷却体にのみ冷却ファンを設置することができ(請求項3の発明)、または、前記第1,第2の冷却体には冷却ファンをそれぞれ設け、冷却ファンの冷却性能を第1の冷却体よりも第2の冷却体の方を低くすることができる(請求項4の発明)。この請求項4の発明においては、前記各冷却ファンは冷却体温度の監視調整機能を有することができる(請求項5の発明)。   In the invention of claim 1, a cooling fan can be installed only in the first cooling body (invention of claim 3), or a cooling fan is provided in the first and second cooling bodies. By providing each, the cooling performance of the cooling fan can be made lower in the second cooling body than in the first cooling body (invention of claim 4). In this invention of Claim 4, each said cooling fan can have the monitoring adjustment function of a cooling body temperature (invention of Claim 5).

この発明によれば、DC/DCコンバータ装置を構成する半導体DC/AC変換回路と半導体整流回路のそれぞれに冷却体を設け、冷却体の温度を前者よりも後者の方が高くなるよう冷却体の熱抵抗,冷却ファンの風速,風量設計を変えることで、DC/DCコンバータ装置の装置効率を向上させることが可能となる。   According to the present invention, the cooling body is provided in each of the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit and the semiconductor rectifier circuit constituting the DC / DC converter device, and the temperature of the cooling body is set higher in the latter than in the former. The device efficiency of the DC / DC converter device can be improved by changing the thermal resistance, the cooling fan wind speed, and the air volume design.

図1はこの発明の第1の実施の形態を示す構成図である。図5の従来例と同様の機能を有するものには同様の記号を付し、その説明等も省略する。
図1において、12は半導体DC/AC変換回路2に設置する冷却体であり、13は半導体整流回路4に設置する冷却体である。ここでは、半導体整流回路4の冷却体13の熱抵抗値を、半導体DC/AC変換回路2の冷却体12のそれよりも大きくする。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. Components having the same functions as those of the conventional example of FIG. 5 are denoted by the same symbols, and the description thereof is omitted.
In FIG. 1, 12 is a cooling body installed in the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2, and 13 is a cooling body installed in the semiconductor rectification circuit 4. Here, the thermal resistance value of the cooling body 13 of the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4 is made larger than that of the cooling body 12 of the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2.

したがって、DC/DCコンバータ装置が動作すると、半導体整流回路4の冷却体13の温度Tf13は、その冷却体13の熱抵抗値が大きいために、半導体DC/AC変換回路2の冷却体12の温度Tf12よりも高くなる。半導体整流回路4の冷却体13の温度Tf13が高くなると、図7で説明した負の温度特性の効果によって、ダイオードの発生損失が減少する。このように、半導体DC/AC変換回路と半導体整流回路のそれぞれに、Tf12<Tf13となるような熱抵抗値の異なる冷却体を設置し、2つの冷却体に温度差が生じるようにすることで、DC/DCコンバータ装置の装置効率を向上させることが可能となる。   Therefore, when the DC / DC converter device operates, the temperature Tf13 of the cooling body 13 of the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4 has a large thermal resistance value, so that the temperature of the cooling body 12 of the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2 is large. It becomes higher than Tf12. When the temperature Tf13 of the cooling body 13 of the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4 is increased, the generation loss of the diode is reduced due to the effect of the negative temperature characteristic described with reference to FIG. In this way, by installing cooling bodies having different thermal resistance values such that Tf12 <Tf13 in each of the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit and the semiconductor rectification circuit, a temperature difference is generated between the two cooling bodies. The device efficiency of the DC / DC converter device can be improved.

図2はこの発明の第2の実施の形態を示す構成図である。
図2において、14は半導体DC/AC変換回路2に設置する冷却体、15は半導体整流回路4に設置する冷却体、16は半導体DC/AC変換回路2に設置する冷却体14に取付ける冷却ファンである。このような構成でDC/DCコンバータ装置が動作すると、半導体整流回路4の冷却体15の温度Tf15は、冷却ファンが取付けられていないため、半導体DC/AC変換回路2の冷却体14の温度Tf14よりも高くなる。その結果、Tf14<Tf15となり、図1と同じく2つの冷却体に温度差が生じるので、DC/DCコンバータ装置の装置効率を向上させることが可能となる。
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, 14 is a cooling body installed in the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2, 15 is a cooling body installed in the semiconductor rectification circuit 4, and 16 is a cooling fan attached to the cooling body 14 installed in the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2. It is. When the DC / DC converter device operates in such a configuration, the temperature Tf15 of the cooling body 15 of the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4 is not attached with the cooling fan, and therefore the temperature Tf14 of the cooling body 14 of the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2 is not attached. Higher than. As a result, Tf14 <Tf15, and a temperature difference is generated between the two cooling bodies as in FIG. 1, so that the device efficiency of the DC / DC converter device can be improved.

図3はこの発明の第3の実施の形態を示す構成図である。
図3において、14は半導体DC/AC変換回路2に設置する冷却体、15は半導体整流回路4に設置する冷却体、16は半導体DC/AC変換回路2に設置する冷却体14に取付ける冷却ファン、17は半導体整流回路4に設置する冷却体15に取付ける冷却ファンである。ここで、半導体整流回路4に設置する冷却体15に取付ける冷却ファン17は、半導体DC/AC変換回路2に設置する冷却体14に取付ける冷却ファン16よりも、冷却性能が低い(風速または風量が小さい)ものを選ぶようにする。
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 3, 14 is a cooling body installed in the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2, 15 is a cooling body installed in the semiconductor rectification circuit 4, and 16 is a cooling fan attached to the cooling body 14 installed in the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2. , 17 are cooling fans attached to the cooling body 15 installed in the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4. Here, the cooling fan 17 attached to the cooling body 15 installed in the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4 has lower cooling performance (wind speed or air volume) than the cooling fan 16 attached to the cooling body 14 installed in the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2. Try to choose a small one.

このような構成でDC/DCコンバータ装置が動作すると、半導体整流回路4に設置する冷却体15の温度Tf15は冷却性能が低いため、半導体DC/AC変換回路2に設置する冷却体14の温度Tf14よりも高くなる。その結果、Tf14<Tf15となり、図1と同じく2つの冷却体に温度差が生じるので、DC/DCコンバータ装置の装置効率を向上させることが可能となる。 When the DC / DC converter device operates in such a configuration, the temperature Tf15 of the cooling body 15 installed in the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4 has a low cooling performance, so the temperature Tf14 of the cooling body 14 installed in the semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit 2 is low. Higher than. As a result, Tf14 <Tf15, and a temperature difference is generated between the two cooling bodies as in FIG. 1, so that the device efficiency of the DC / DC converter device can be improved.

図4はこの発明の第4の実施の形態を示す構成図である。
これは、図3の冷却ファン16,17に、冷却体温度の監視調整装置18,19を付加したものである。冷却体温度の監視調整機能を設けることで、半導体整流回路4に用いられているダイオードを、素子最大温度で利用することが可能となる。これにより、2つの冷却体温度をTf14<<Tf15のようにでき、図3の場合よりもさらにダイオードの発生損失を減少させることができる。その結果、DC/DCコンバータ装置の装置効率をさらに向上させることが可能となる。また、冷却体それぞれの温度を監視しているので、半導体スイッチング素子の熱破壊を防止することも可能である。なお、以上の発明は冷却風が逆向きの場合も、効果は同じである。
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
This is obtained by adding cooling body temperature monitoring and adjusting devices 18 and 19 to the cooling fans 16 and 17 of FIG. By providing the monitoring and adjusting function of the cooling body temperature, the diode used in the semiconductor rectifier circuit 4 can be used at the maximum element temperature. Accordingly, the two cooling body temperatures can be set as Tf14 << Tf15, and the generation loss of the diode can be further reduced as compared with the case of FIG. As a result, the device efficiency of the DC / DC converter device can be further improved. Moreover, since the temperature of each cooling body is monitored, it is also possible to prevent thermal destruction of the semiconductor switching element. The above-described invention has the same effect even when the cooling air is in the reverse direction.

この発明の第1の実施の形態を示す構成図The block diagram which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention この発明の第2の実施の形態を示す構成図The block diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention この発明の第3の実施の形態を示す構成図The block diagram which shows 3rd Embodiment of this invention この発明の第4の実施の形態を示す構成図The block diagram which shows 4th Embodiment of this invention 冷却機能を有するDC/DCコンバータ装置の従来例を示す構成図Configuration diagram showing a conventional example of a DC / DC converter device having a cooling function 一般的なMOSFETのオン電圧特性図Typical MOSFET on-voltage characteristics 一般的なダイオードの順電圧特性図Typical diode forward voltage characteristics

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…直流電源、2…半導体DC/AC(直流/交流)変換回路、3…高周波変圧器、4…半導体整流回路、5…リアクトル、6…コンデンサ、7…LCフィルタ、8…負荷、9…DC/DCコンバータ装置筺体、10,12,13,14,15…冷却体、11,16,17…冷却ファン、18,19…冷却体温度の監視調整装置。

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... DC power supply, 2 ... Semiconductor DC / AC (DC / AC) conversion circuit, 3 ... High frequency transformer, 4 ... Semiconductor rectifier circuit, 5 ... Reactor, 6 ... Capacitor, 7 ... LC filter, 8 ... Load, 9 ... DC / DC converter device housing 10, 12, 13, 14, 15 ... cooling body, 11, 16, 17 ... cooling fan, 18, 19 ... cooling body temperature monitoring and adjusting device.

Claims (5)

半導体DC/AC変換回路と半導体整流回路とを有するDC/DCコンバータ装置において、
前記半導体DC/AC変換回路には第1の冷却体、前記半導体整流回路には第2の冷却体をそれぞれ設け、前記第1の冷却体の温度を前記第2の冷却体の温度よりも低くすることを特徴とするDC/DCコンバータ装置。
In a DC / DC converter device having a semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit and a semiconductor rectifier circuit,
The semiconductor DC / AC conversion circuit is provided with a first cooling body, and the semiconductor rectifier circuit is provided with a second cooling body, and the temperature of the first cooling body is lower than the temperature of the second cooling body. A DC / DC converter device characterized by:
前記第2の冷却体の熱抵抗値を前記第1の冷却体の熱抵抗値よりも大きくすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のDC/DCコンバータ装置。   2. The DC / DC converter device according to claim 1, wherein a thermal resistance value of the second cooling body is made larger than a thermal resistance value of the first cooling body. 前記第1の冷却体にのみ冷却ファンを設置することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のDC/DCコンバータ装置。   2. The DC / DC converter device according to claim 1, wherein a cooling fan is installed only in the first cooling body. 前記第1,第2の冷却体には冷却ファンをそれぞれ設け、冷却ファンの冷却性能を第1の冷却体よりも第2の冷却体の方を低くすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のDC/DCコンバータ装置。   The cooling fan is provided in each of the first and second cooling bodies, and the cooling performance of the cooling fan is lower in the second cooling body than in the first cooling body. DC / DC converter device. 前記各冷却ファンは冷却体温度の監視調整機能を有することを特徴とする請求項4に記載のDC/DCコンバータ装置。

5. The DC / DC converter device according to claim 4, wherein each of the cooling fans has a function of monitoring and adjusting a cooling body temperature.

JP2004069057A 2004-03-11 2004-03-11 Dc/dc converter device Pending JP2005261075A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007151382A (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-06-14 General Electric Co <Ge> Ultra-low temperature exciter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10322973A (en) * 1997-05-14 1998-12-04 Toshiba Corp Motor mounted with power converter
JPH11281218A (en) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Freezer and air conditioner
JP2000278936A (en) * 1999-03-19 2000-10-06 Idec Izumi Corp Switching power supply device
JP2002369528A (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-20 Toyota Industries Corp Dc-dc converter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10322973A (en) * 1997-05-14 1998-12-04 Toshiba Corp Motor mounted with power converter
JPH11281218A (en) * 1998-03-31 1999-10-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Freezer and air conditioner
JP2000278936A (en) * 1999-03-19 2000-10-06 Idec Izumi Corp Switching power supply device
JP2002369528A (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-20 Toyota Industries Corp Dc-dc converter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007151382A (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-06-14 General Electric Co <Ge> Ultra-low temperature exciter

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