JP2005238165A - Apparatus for sorting farm product - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for sorting farm products, which is used for sorting the harvested carrots or Japanese radishes according to the weight or shape of each of them while conveying them by a conveying means and is arranged indoors so that the farm products sorted by the apparatus can be recovered easily by a worker. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for sorting farm products comprises a plurality of conveying means for conveying farm products such as carrots and Japanese radishes which are arranged in parallel and a sorting means for sorting the farm product being conveyed by the corresponding conveying means according to its weight or size which is arranged in each of the plurality of conveying means. The farm products sorted by the sorting means are concentrated/discharged changeably to any of the right and left sides of the conveying direction of the apparatus for sorting farm products. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a crop sorting apparatus for sorting harvested carrots, radishes and the like by weight or shape.

Regarding the above technical field, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-70732, the washed crop is transported to the sorting device, sorted by weight while being transported by the sorting device, and collected on the left and right sides of the sorting device in the transport direction. Technology is disclosed.
JP-A-6-70732

  The crop sorting device is usually installed indoors, such as a barn or a warehouse. However, in the sorting device of Patent Document 1, the sorted crop can be collected only on the left and right sides of the sorting device, so that the limited space is limited. When the sorting apparatus is provided indoors, there has been a disadvantage that the place and direction of placement are limited.

  In particular, when a plurality of conveying means of the sorting device is provided in order to improve the sorting efficiency, if it is configured to collect the crops sorted for each conveying means, it will require more space and more difficult to arrange. Become.

  It is an object of the present invention to allow a worker who collects crops sorted by a sorting device to be placed in a place where it can be easily collected when the sorting device is provided indoors.

  The present invention uses the following technical means in order to solve the above problems.

  That is, the invention according to claim 1 is provided with a transporting means for transporting the crop and a sorting means for sorting the crop being transported by the transporting means by weight or size, and the crop sorted by the sorting means. Is configured to discharge to the left and right sides in the transport direction of the transport means, and to change to the left and right other sides.

  In the invention according to claim 2, a plurality of conveying means for conveying the crops are provided in parallel, and a sorting means for sorting the crops being conveyed by the conveying means by weight or size is provided for each of the plurality of conveying means. In the crop sorting device, the crop selected by the sorting means is configured to be discharged to the left and right sides in the conveyance direction of the crop sorting device, and the crop can be changed and discharged to the left and right sides. A sorting device is used.

  In the invention according to claim 1, since the place where the crop selected by the sorting means is collected can be selected from either the left or right of the conveying direction of the conveying means, the crop is sorted to a place where the worker can easily collect the crop. It becomes possible to arrange the device.

  In the invention described in claim 2, since the crops respectively selected by the plurality of conveying means can be concentrated and collected on one side of the crop sorting device, the space for arranging the crop sorting device becomes compact. In addition, since it is possible to select either the left or right of the conveyance direction of the crop sorting device as the place to collect the crop sorted by the sorting means, it is possible to arrange the crop sorting device in a place where the worker can easily collect the crop. It becomes possible.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described on the basis of a crop washing and sorting apparatus that sorts a harvested crop by the weight of the crop after washing with a washing apparatus.

  First, the work sequence and configuration of the entire crop washing and sorting facility according to the present invention will be described based on the washing and sorting step diagram of FIG.

  A is an input tank into which the harvested crop is input. The crop input into the input tank A is transferred by the transfer device B and supplied to the cleaning device C. Then, the crops cleaned by the cleaning device C are discharged to the discharge route D, and then temporarily stored in the storage tank E. Then, the crop in the storage tank E is transported to the aligning device G by the lifting device F, and the crop is supplied to the sorting device H while the transporting posture is changed and aligned by the aligning device G. The sorting device H sorts the crops by weight. Note that until the crop selected by the sorting device H is collected after the crop is put into the loading tank A, the crop is continuously and automatically transferred to each device in the order of steps.

  Next, each of the devices constituting the crop washing and sorting facility will be described with reference to FIGS.

  Water is stored in the input tank A in which the harvested crops are input in order to remove mud adhering to the crops, and the water used in the cleaning device C is stored in the input tank A by the pump 30 and the hose 31. It is configured to be sequentially supplied, and the water overflowed from the overflow port 32 formed on the side surface is drained from the drain hose 33 to the drain groove 34. Since the water in the input tank A can be replaced by this configuration, more crop mud can be dropped in the input tank A, and the load of the cleaning process in the cleaning device C can be reduced. ing.

  Reference numeral 35 denotes an inclined plate at the bottom of the input tank A, and the inclination angle of which can be changed by the hooking member 35a. Mud that has fallen from the crop is accumulated and can be scraped from the cleaning door 36.

  The conveying device B has a configuration in which a partition plate 1a is attached to an elevating type conveying belt 1, and the conveying start end side of the conveying belt 1 is arranged in the charging tank A, and the crops put in the charging tank A are separated from the dividing plate. In 1a, it is pumped up and transported to cleaning device B.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the cleaning device C has a plurality of cleaning rolls 3 that are transported while cleaning the crop in the cleaning tank 2 a supported by the machine frame 2 from the crop supply side K to the crop discharge side. The shaft is supported along the L direction. A plurality of cleaning rolls 3 are arranged in a U shape in front view to form one cleaning transfer path C1, and in this embodiment, the cleaning transfer path C2 having the same configuration as the cleaning transfer path C1 is defined as C1. By providing them in parallel, two rows of cleaning transfer paths are formed. A mountain-shaped crop separation plate 37 is provided above the transfer start ends of the cleaning transfer paths C1 and C2, so that the crops conveyed by the conveyor belt 1 can be equally supplied to the cleaning transfer paths C1 and C2. doing.

  The cleaning roll 3 is formed in a brush shape on its surface and is configured to rotate by winding the chains 6a, 6b provided on the crop supply side around the drive motors M1, M2 and the drive pulleys 7a, 7b,. ing. And it arrange | positions so that the crop supply side K may become a position higher than the crop discharge side L, and if the angle adjustment handle 4 is adjusted, an inclination angle will change with the washing tank 2a.

  The rotation speed of the cleaning roll 3 is configured to be changed by an inverter (not shown). The relationship between the rotation speed of the cleaning roll 3 and the inclination angle is as follows. The faster the rotation speed, the larger the cleaning action of the crop, but the easier it is to peel the crop, the faster the transfer speed of the crop, and the longer the cleaning time. Tend to be shorter. As for the inclination angle, the larger the inclination angle, the faster the transfer speed of the crop and the shorter the washing time.

  In this embodiment, the operator appropriately adjusts the inclination angle of the cleaning roll 3 and the rotation speed of the cleaning roll 3 while observing the state of the crop, but the relationship between the inclination angle and the rotation speed is set in advance. If the rotation speed is set, the rotation speed and the inclination angle corresponding to the rotation speed may be set.

  Further, depending on the state and type of the crop, a selection means for selecting the magnitude of the cleaning action with respect to the cleaning efficiency may be provided so that the operator can select each. In this case, for example, in the case of a crop that should not have a significant cleaning effect on the cleaning efficiency, selecting “Small cleaning effect” will result in a tilt angle that is greater than when selecting “High cleaning effect”. Corresponding rotation speed becomes lower.

  The cleaning roll 3 is provided with a crop transfer prevention body 3a formed in a convex shape. In this embodiment, the length of the brush of the cleaning roll 3 is increased by this portion, and this configuration prevents the crop from being transported on the cleaning roll 3 and receiving the cleaning action of the cleaning roll 3 for a longer time. It is possible.

  A cleaning plate 8 is provided for each of the cleaning transfer paths C 1 and C 2. When the handle 9 is rotated, the shaft 10 formed in a screw shape rotates and moves along the cleaning roll 3. It is composed.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a shower, in which cleaning water is poured into the cleaning tank 2a as needed from a water source (not shown).

  An open / close lid 12 is configured to be rotatable about the upper end as a fulcrum. 12a is a balance weight and is moved along the shaft 12b, thereby adjusting the opening degree of the opening / closing lid 12 and making it possible to adjust the amount of crop discharged from the washing tank 2a.

  The operation of the cleaning device C will be described. The crop conveyed by the conveyor belt 1 is distributed and supplied to the crop supply side K of the two cleaning transfer paths C1 and C2, and the operation of the brush of the cleaning roll 3 and the cleaning water is performed. In response to this, the mud adhering to the crop surface is removed and transferred to the crop discharge side L sequentially. Then, the opening / closing lid 12 is pushed by itself and discharged toward the discharge path D. Then, it is temporarily stored in the storage tank E via the discharge path D.

  When the cleaning operation is completed, the operator moves the cleaning plate 8 by operating the handle 9, and scrapes and collects the crops remaining on the cleaning roll 3.

  Next, the alignment device G will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The aligning device G includes a side wall 15 formed on both sides, a distribution plate 16 formed in a mountain shape in the center, and one alignment passage G1 formed between the side wall 15 and the distribution plate 16 by three alignment belts 17a. In this embodiment, the alignment belt 17a and the alignment belt 17b are rotated on the same axis 17c to form an alignment path G2. The side wall 15 and the distribution plate 16 are each formed with a reduction port 15a, and the reduction port 16a and the storage tank E are communicated with each other through a reduction passage 19.

  The operation of the alignment device G will be described. First, the crop temporarily stored in the storage tank E is transported by the lifting device F and supplied to the two alignment passages G1 and G2 of the alignment device G while being distributed by the distribution plate 16. Is done. As shown in FIG. 6B, the alignment belts 17a and 17b are arranged over a width that allows each crop to be conveyed only in the vertical direction. The crops are conveyed one by one while changing the posture in the vertical direction and supplied to the sorting device H. When the alignment belt is transported in a state where a plurality of crops are solidified in the lateral direction, the crops are transported one by one by dropping from the reducing ports 15a and 16a. The crops that have fallen from the reduction ports 15a and 16a flow down the reduction passage 19 and are returned to the storage tank E.

  Next, the sorting device H will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The sorting device H is provided with belt conveyors 20a and 20b in parallel corresponding to the alignment paths G1 and G2 of the alignment device G, and measures the weight of the crop being conveyed for each weight rank for each belt conveyor. Weighing devices 21a, 21b, discriminating means (not shown) for discriminating that the weighing devices 21a, 21b have a preset weight, and the belt conveyors 20a, 20b Rotation sorting plates 22a and 22b that ooze out from each other.

  A collision prevention plate 40 is provided between the parallel belt conveyors 20a and 20b along the conveying direction. When the crops selected by the rotary sorting plates 22a and 22b enter the collection shooter 24, the opposing rotary sorting plates 22a and 22b repel the crops at the same time. It is prevented from being placed on the belt conveyors 20a and 20b.

  The belt conveyors 20a and 20b are rotationally driven so that driving wheels 23a and 23b that receive the power of a motor (not shown) extrude the belt.

  Between the belt conveyors 20a and 20b, collection shooters 24 into which crops ejected by the rotation sorting plates 22a and 22b enter are formed for each weight rank. The collection shooter 24 passes through a space in the circulation path of the belt conveyors 21a and 21b, a collection port 24a is provided on the terminal side of the collection shooter 24, and a collection container 26 is provided below the collection port 24a for each collection port 24a. It is put in. The recovery shooter 24 shown in FIG. 8 (a) penetrates the space in the circular trajectory of either one of the belt conveyors 21a and 21b so that the recovery port 24a can select either the left or right side in the transport direction of the sorting device H. Reconfigurable. The recovery shooter 24 shown in FIG. 8B is provided with recovery ports 24a on both the left and right sides in the conveying direction of the sorting device H through the spaces in the circular trajectories of both the belt conveyors 21a and 21b. Is provided with a switching valve 25 so that the collection port 24a for collecting crops can be selected by switching the switching valve 25.

  A storage container 27 for storing crops that could not be discriminated by any of the weighing devices 21a and 21b is placed below the conveyance end portions of the belt conveyors 21a and 21b.

  The operation of the sorting device C will be described. The crop being conveyed by the belt conveyors 20a and 20b is measured whether or not the weighing is set in advance by the weighing devices 21a and 21b, and the discrimination means sets the crop in advance. If it is discriminated that the weight is measured, the rotary sorting plates 22a and 22b rotate around the vertical axis to eject the crop, the crop enters the recovery shooter 24, and then falls into the recovery container 26 from the recovery port 24a. Is housed in.

  The crops conveyed by the belt conveyors 20a and 20b are not measured by the weighing devices 21a and 21b, and the crops that are not ejected by the rotation sorting plates 22a and 22b are conveyed by the belt conveyors 20a and 20b. It falls from the end portion and is stored in the storage container 27.

  By the way, in this embodiment, the storage tank E, the lifting device F and the machine frame P are integrally configured, and the alignment device G is attached to the sorting device side via the attachment member 40. The conventional alignment device G is attached to the lifting device side. However, if the left and right positions of the alignment passages G1 and G2 and the belt conveyors 21a and 21b do not match, the takeover of the crop is hindered. It is necessary to align the left and right positions of the alignment passages G1 and G2 and the belt conveyors 21a and 21b, and if the apparatus is large like the sorting device H or the lifting device F, it is difficult to move and align the left and right positions. Met. By configuring as in the present embodiment, the left and right positions of the alignment passages G1 and G2 and the belt conveyors 21a and 21b are constant from the beginning, so that it is possible to prevent the takeover of the conveyed crops from being hindered. .

  Next, based on FIG. 9 to FIG. 13, the layout of the apparatus constituting the crop washing / sorting facility from the input tank A to the sorting apparatus C will be described.

  9 will be described. By arranging the crop supply side K of the cleaning device C in a position adjacent to the transport device B, the input tank A, the transport device B, and the cleaning device along the crop transfer direction R will be described. C is arranged in a line. And in the crop discharge side L of the washing | cleaning apparatus C, the discharge path D is bent and formed so that a crop may transfer toward the direction S which cross | intersects the crop transfer direction R side.

  A storage tank E is arranged on the discharge end side of the discharge path D, and an elevating device F is arranged from the storage tank E in the direction T opposite to the crop transfer direction R. An aligning device G and a sorting device H are arranged in a row from the lifting device F in the crop transfer direction T, and a collection port 24a and a collection container 26 for collecting the crops sorted by the sorting device H are the input tank A, the transport device. B, It arrange | positions so that it may become the opposite side to the washing | cleaning apparatus C.

  Then, the crop transfer direction of the crop washing and sorting facility is drawn in a substantially U shape in a plan view as R → S → T, and the arrangement of the entire crop washing and sorting facility is also a substantially U shape in a plan view. .

  As shown in FIG. 9, by arranging each device so that the entire facility is substantially U-shaped in plan view, the individual devices constituting the crop washing and sorting facility can be centrally arranged in a narrow space. This makes it possible to make the entire crop washing and sorting facility compact. Moreover, since it can arrange | position in a substantially rectangular space by planar view, it is easy to arrange | position in various places.

  Further, by providing the crop recovery port 24a and the recovery container 26 at a position opposite to the input tank A, it is possible to arrange the sorting device H and the input tank A with a smaller distance. Therefore, it becomes possible to centrally arrange the individual devices constituting the crop washing / sorting facility in a narrower space, and the entire crop washing / sorting facility can be made compact.

  10 differs from FIG. 9 in that the recovery port 24a and the recovery container 26 are arranged on the input tank A side. In this case as well, in the same way as in FIG. Since it becomes a letter shape, it becomes possible to centrally arrange the individual devices constituting the crop washing and sorting facility in a narrow space, and to arrange the entire facility in a substantially rectangular space in plan view. Can be easily placed in various places. In addition, since the collection port 24a and the collection container 26 are disposed on the input tank A side, both the operation of inputting the crop into the input tank A and the operation of carrying out the crop recovered in the recovery container 26 can be performed from the same direction. Therefore, workability is improved.

  In FIG. 11, the input tank A, the transfer device B, and the cleaning device C are arranged so as to be deviated from the crop transfer end side of the sorting device H to the upper transfer side, that is, the left and right sides in the plan view (right side in this embodiment). 10 differs from FIG. 10 in that a space V is generated around the collection container 26 as compared to FIG. Therefore, since the entire facility is substantially U-shaped in a plan view, it is possible to centrally arrange individual devices constituting the crop washing and sorting facility in a narrow space, and to the input tank A. Both the input operation of the crop and the operation of carrying out the crop recovered in the recovery container 26 can be performed from the same direction. And it becomes possible to have sufficient space for each of this loading work and carrying-out work, and workability | operativity of each loading work and carrying-out work improves.

  In FIG. 11, as shown in FIG. 12, the cleaning device C may be arranged in the crop transfer direction S and the sorting device H may be bent in the crop transfer direction T. In this case, it is not necessary to bend the discharge path D, and the washed crop can be smoothly discharged to the next process apparatus, that is, the storage tank E in this embodiment.

  Further, the arrangement position of the input tank A in FIG. 12 is changed, and as shown in FIG. 13, the input tank A, the transfer device B, the cleaning device C, and the discharge route D are arranged in a line along the crop transfer direction S, respectively. The storage tank E, the lifting device F, the alignment device G, and the sorting device H may be arranged in a line along the crop transfer direction T so that the entire facility is substantially L-shaped in plan view.

  In the crop washing and sorting facility according to the present embodiment, the process between the discharge path D and the alignment device G includes the storage tank E and the lifting device F. However, the discharge path D is directly connected to the alignment device G. It is also possible to constitute so.

  Since the crop can be selected so that the crop can be collected on either of the left and right sides in the transport direction of the sorting device H as in the present embodiment, it is an indoor arrangement desired by the worker and a compact crop cleaning and sorting facility. be able to.

Work process diagram of crop cleaning and sorting facility The figure explaining the dosing tank and the washing device seen from the side Perspective view explaining the inside of the cleaning device The figure explaining the washing device seen from the front Side view of alignment device and sorting device The perspective view explaining the inside of the alignment device The figure explaining the sorting device seen from the side Cross section of sorting device Top view of crop cleaning sorting facility Top view of crop cleaning sorting facility Top view of crop cleaning sorting facility Top view of crop cleaning sorting facility Top view of crop cleaning sorting facility

Explanation of symbols

A Input tank B Transport device C Cleaning device D Discharge path E Storage tank F Lifting device G Alignment device H Sorting device 24 Recovery shooter 24a Recovery port 25 Switching valve

Claims (2)

  A transporting means for transporting the crop and a sorting means for sorting the crop being transported by the transporting means by weight or size are provided, and the crop selected by the sorting means is placed on the left and right sides in the transporting direction of the transporting means. A crop sorting device characterized in that it is configured to be discharged and can be changed to the left and right sides to be discharged.   A crop sorting apparatus provided with a plurality of transporting means for transporting crops in parallel and selecting a sorting means for sorting crops being transported by the transporting means by weight or size, etc., in each of the plurality of transporting means. A crop sorting device configured to discharge the selected crop to the left and right sides in the transport direction of the crop sorting device, and to change and discharge to the left and right sides.

Images