JP2005232900A - School building extending method and school building extended thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a natural educational place in a school for schoolchildren attending the school on the rooftop of an existing school building such as a schoolhouse of an elementary school without reducing aseismatic performance of an existing building. <P>SOLUTION: A new foundation for the extension is arranged around an existing foundation for supporting the existing school building. A support member reaching up to an upper part of the existing building is erected in an upper part of the new foundation. A new rooftop surface is formed above the building by arranging a roof member in an upper part of the support member. A raising place of an animal and/or a plant raised by the schoolchildren attending the school, is arranged on the new rooftop surface. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a school building extension method and a school building extended by this method, and more specifically, on the roof of an existing school building such as an elementary school building, without reducing the earthquake resistance of the existing building, The present invention relates to an extension method of a school building that can provide a natural education place for students attending the school and a school building extended by this method.

Traditionally, in elementary and junior high schools, it has been common for students to learn about natural creatures by growing plants and animals themselves, and as a way of doing this, plants and plants such as flower beds and ponds are cultivated on school grounds. It is also common to provide a place to do this.
In this way, giving students the experience of growing plants and animals themselves is very meaningful in that they can learn many important things such as the preciousness of life that cannot be learned from textbooks and other teaching materials. It is.
However, in urban schools, etc., because the site is small, it is often difficult to secure such a breeding ground for animals and plants in the school.

On the other hand, in recent years, in urban areas, in order to alleviate the heat island phenomenon, it is often practiced to plant a plant on the roof of a building and plant it, and many methods have been proposed for that purpose. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
Therefore, as one method for solving the above-mentioned problem that it is difficult to secure a plant and animal breeding ground in the school premises, the rooftop greening technology of the building is used as it is on the rooftop of the school building. A method of planting a plant is also conceivable.

JP 2003-299409 A

However, in the conventional method for greening a building roof, it is necessary to secure a large amount of soil, water and the like for plant growth on the roof.
In new buildings, this increase in burden weight is not a major problem as far as it is on the left, but since many elementary and junior high school buildings are old, if the rooftop is greened using conventional methods, the weight of the rooftop increases. As a result, the building becomes unstable, and the earthquake resistance may be greatly reduced.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and the school is attended on the roof of an existing school building such as an elementary school without lowering the earthquake resistance of the existing building. It is intended to provide a school building extension method and a school building that has been extended by this method that can provide a natural education place to students.

  The invention according to claim 1 is an extension method of a school building, wherein a new foundation for extension is provided around an existing foundation that supports the existing school building, and the existing building is formed above the new foundation. A new roof surface is formed above the building by setting up a support member that extends up to the top of the building, and a new roof member is provided above the support member. The present invention relates to a method for extending a school building, characterized by providing a breeding ground for animals and / or plants to be raised by students who go to school.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a beam is installed between the support member and the new roof member so as to bridge between the support members, and a new floor member is provided above the beam, thereby providing the floor. 2. The school building extension method according to claim 1, wherein an additional floor space is formed between a member and the new roof member.
The invention according to claim 3 relates to the extension method of the school building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the breeding ground comprises an animal breeding ground and a plant growing ground.

  In the invention according to claim 4, a new foundation for extension is provided around an existing foundation that supports an existing school building, and a support member that extends above the existing building stands above the new foundation. By providing a new roof member on the upper part of the support member, a new roof surface is formed above the building, and / or animals raised by students attending the school on the new roof surface and / or The present invention relates to a school building characterized by having a plant breeding ground.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a beam is installed between the support member and the new roof member so as to bridge between the support members, and a new floor member is provided above the beam, thereby providing the floor. 5. The school building according to claim 4, wherein an additional floor space is formed between the member and the new roof member.
The invention according to claim 6 relates to the school building according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the breeding ground comprises an animal breeding ground and a plant growing ground.

  According to the inventions according to claims 1 and 4, there is a breeding ground for animals and plants raised by students attending the school on the roof of an existing school building such as a school building. It is possible to provide an opportunity to easily touch natural creatures within the school, and it is possible to provide important education that allows students to learn about the preciousness of life in the natural world without going outside school. In addition, animal and plant breeding grounds will be installed on a new rooftop that is set up on a new foundation that is separate from the foundation of the existing building. Is not reduced. Furthermore, it can also contribute to the mitigation of the heat island phenomenon.

  According to the inventions according to claims 2 and 5, since a new additional floor space is formed above the existing school building, it is possible to increase new classrooms in the existing school building even if there is no extra space on the site. . Moreover, since the new extension floor space is provided using a new foundation provided separately from the foundation of the existing building, the earthquake resistance of the existing building is not deteriorated.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claims 3 and 6, by providing both the animal breeding ground and the plant breeding ground on the roof of the school building of the school, it is possible to grow animals and plants with greatly different ecology for students. Both can be easily experienced and the educational effect can be further enhanced.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a school building extension method and a school building extended by this method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the present invention, “school” refers to elementary school, junior high school, high school, university, technical college, blind school, school for disabled children, nursing school, kindergarten, vocational school, vocational school, etc. Teachers continuously provide education to children, students, and students with certain facilities and schemes, including various schools, and “school buildings” means the children, students, and students of these schools (this specification) Is a building for receiving education, and generally refers to a building called a school building.
However, preferred application objects (school buildings) of the present invention are elementary school and junior high school buildings, and most preferred application objects are elementary school buildings. This is because the effect of natural education characterized by the present invention is most noticeable in children of the age of elementary school age.

FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 5 is side surface sectional drawing which shows 1st embodiment of the extension method of the school building which concerns on this invention, and has shown in order of the construction process from FIG. 1 to FIG. In these figures, only the framework of the building is shown.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state before construction of the method according to the first embodiment, and shows an existing school building (hereinafter simply referred to as an existing building) (1) composed of a two-story school building. Yes. However, the present invention can also be applied when the existing building has one floor or three floors or more. Further, the existing building (1) may be any of a wooden structure, a steel structure, and a reinforced concrete structure.

In the method according to the first embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 2, a new foundation (3) for extension is provided around (outside) the existing foundation (2) that supports the pillars of the existing building (1). FIG. 6 is a plan view at this time.
At this time, the existing foundation (2) and the new foundation (3) may be provided separately and separately as shown in the figure, but it is also possible to integrate both foundations. As a method of integrating, for example, after exposing the reinforcing bars by putting the concrete outside the existing foundation (2), the exposed reinforcing bars are connected to the reinforcing bars for the new foundation (3), and the exposed existing foundation ( The method of covering the reinforcing bar of 2) and the reinforcing bar for the new foundation together with concrete can be exemplified. If it does in this way, the existing foundation (2) and the new foundation (3) will become one foundation that is completely integrated, the foundation of the existing building (1) will be greatly strengthened, and the earthquake resistance will be greatly improved. it can.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a support member (4) made of a steel column, a reinforced steel column, a reinforced concrete column or the like is placed on the new foundation (3) so as to reach the upper side of the existing building (1). Set up. In the first embodiment, the height of the support member (4) is slightly higher (for example, about 1 to 2 m) than the roof surface of the existing building (1). A required number of beams (5) are installed in the middle of the support member (4) as necessary.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4, a beam (5) is provided on the upper part of the support member (4) so as to bridge between the support members (4), and a new one is provided on the upper part of the beam (5). A flat roof (6) is provided. In FIG. 6, the beam (5) is indicated by a one-dot chain line.
Since this new roof (6) is positioned slightly higher than the rooftop of the existing building (1), the rooftop (7) formed by the new roof (6) is also the existing building ( The height is slightly higher than the rooftop of 1).
In addition, a heat insulating material base is provided on the roof surface (7), and a waterproof sheet (walking specifications) is provided on the top.

  And as shown in FIG. 5, the circumference | surroundings of the outer wall of the existing building (1) are covered by providing a new outer wall (9) around a support member (4). Thereby, while being able to improve the heat insulation of the existing building (1), durable years can be raised. However, in the present invention, the outer wall of the existing building (1) can be exposed as it is without providing a new outer wall around the support member (4). In FIG. 5, (27) is a staircase storage unit that stores staircases for climbing from the top floor of the existing building (1) to the rooftop surface (7).

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a school building (10) extended by the method according to the first embodiment, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a right side view, and (c) is a left side view. is there.
In this example, the outer wall (28) of the existing building (1) is exposed without being covered, and the newly provided support member (4) and beam (5) are provided with a column type and a beam type, respectively. It has been. In addition, the existing outdoor staircase (8) is left as it is, and the upper part of the existing staircase (8) contains a staircase for storing the stairway to rise from the top floor of the existing building (1) to the newly installed rooftop (7). A part (27) is formed.

1 and 2 and FIGS. 8 to 10 are side sectional views showing a second embodiment of the school building extension method according to the present invention, which are shown in FIG. In these figures, only the framework of the building is shown.
The state before construction of the method according to the second embodiment is as shown in FIG. 1, and since this is the same as that of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

Also in the method according to the second embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 2, a new foundation (3) for extension is provided around (outside) the existing foundation (2) that supports the pillars of the existing building (1). FIG. 6 is a plan view at this time.
At this time, as in the first embodiment, the existing foundation (2) and the new foundation (3) may be provided separately as shown in the figure, but both foundations can be integrated and integrated. The same method as that of the first embodiment can be adopted for the conversion method.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8, on the upper part of the new foundation (3), a support member (4) made of a steel column, a reinforced steel column, a reinforced concrete column, etc. is placed so as to reach the upper side of the existing building (1). Set up. In the second embodiment, the height of the support member (4) is set to be at least one floor higher than the roof of the existing building (1). And a required number of beams are constructed in the middle part of the support member (4) as required.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9, at a position slightly above the existing building (1), the beam (5) is bridged between the support members (4) in the middle of the support member (4). Provide a new floor member (30) above the beam (5). In FIG. 6, the beam (5) is indicated by a one-dot chain line.

Next, a beam (5) is provided above the support member (4) so as to bridge between the support members (4), and a new roof (6) is provided above the beam (5). Thereby, an additional floor space (31) (a third floor space in FIG. 9) is formed between the floor member (30) and the new roof (6). In addition, you may provide a new roof (6) before providing a floor member (30).
In addition, a heat insulating material base is provided on the roof surface (7), and a waterproof sheet (walking specifications) is provided on the top.
In the second embodiment, the illustrated example shows an example in which an additional floor space (31) for one floor is provided, but an additional floor space (31) for two or more floors may be provided.

  And as shown in FIG. 10, the circumference | surroundings of the outer wall of the existing building (1) are covered by providing a new outer wall (9) around a support member (4). Thereby, while being able to improve the heat insulation of the existing building (1), durable years can be raised. However, in the present invention, it is also possible to provide a new outer wall only around the additional floor space (31) and to expose the outer wall of the existing building (1) as it is. In FIG. 9, (27) is a staircase storage unit that stores staircases for climbing from the top floor of the existing building (1) to the rooftop surface (7).

FIG. 11 is a view showing a school building (10) extended by the method according to the second embodiment, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a right side view, and (c) is a left side view. is there.
In this example, the outer wall (28) of the existing building (1) is exposed without being covered, and the newly provided support member (4) and beam (5) are provided with a column type and a beam type, respectively. It has been. The pillar type and the beam type are covered with fireproof coating, and the outer wall of the existing building (1) is sprayed with a vinyl chloride paint on the ground treatment.
In addition, the existing outdoor staircase (8) is left as it is, and the upper part of the existing staircase (8) contains a staircase for storing the stairway to rise from the top floor of the existing building (1) to the newly installed rooftop (7). A part (27) is formed.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of the additional floor space (31) of the school building (10) extended by the method according to the second embodiment.
As can be seen from comparison with FIG. 6, the extension floor space (31) has a plane space wider than the lower floor, that is, the space of the existing building (1).
In FIG. 11, (32) indicates a classroom, (33) indicates an indoor staircase, (34) indicates a toilet, (35) indicates a corridor, and (8) indicates an outdoor staircase.

  According to the method of the second embodiment, a new classroom or the like can be added to the existing school building even if there is no extra space on the site. Moreover, since the new extension floor space is provided using a new foundation provided separately from the foundation of the existing building, the earthquake resistance of the existing building is not deteriorated.

Fig.13 (a) is a top view which shows the roof surface (7) of the school building extended by the method which concerns on 1st and 2nd embodiment, FIG.13 (b) is the AA 'line cross section of (a). FIG. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the roof top surface (7) as a rough sketch.
As shown in the figure, on the roof (7) of the expanded school building (10), there are a flower bed (11) in which flowers are planted, a vegetable garden (12) in which vegetables are planted, and a fruit tree as plant growing grounds. A planted orchard (13) and a paddy field (14) planted with rice are provided, and a pond (15) in which aquatic animals such as fish are bred is provided as an animal breeding ground.

By providing a plant and animal breeding ground on the rooftop (7) in this way, students who go to school for expanded school buildings can be provided with an opportunity to easily touch natural creatures in the school. It is possible to provide important education that allows students to learn about the preciousness of life in nature without conducting off-campus learning.
It can also contribute to the mitigation of the heat island phenomenon.

In the present invention, it is most preferable to provide all of these animal and plant growing grounds, but it is preferable to provide at least two, and it is more preferable to provide three or more or four or more.
When providing two or more breeding grounds, it is preferable to provide both an animal breeding ground and a plant breeding ground. For example, combining a pond (15) that is an animal breeding ground and at least one selected from a flower bed (11), a vegetable garden (12), an orchard (13), or a paddy field (14) that is a plant breeding ground. Can do. In this way, if an animal breeding ground and a plant breeding ground are provided, students can come into contact with breeding subjects of animals and plants that are greatly different in ecology on the same rooftop (7), and the effect of natural education is greatly enhanced. Because it is.

The kind of animal raised in the animal breeding ground is not particularly limited. Examples include birds such as pigeons and parakeets, fishes such as moths, cormorants, medaka and goldfish, insects such as beetles, butterflies and dragonflies, and the breeding of animals belonging to at least two of these classes It is preferable to provide a place.
In addition, the types of plants grown in the plant breeding ground are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include seed plants, fern plants, moss plants, algae, etc., and at least two types of these types can be exemplified. It is preferable to provide a plant breeding ground. Moreover, it is preferable to provide a breeding place for edible plants that can be eaten like rice, wheat, vegetables and fruit trees. This is because students can learn the difficulty of making rice and vegetables and the appetite of food by harvesting and eating the plants they have grown.

  The rooftop (7) is provided with a storeroom (16), a washroom (17), a work table (18), a wood deck (19), a bench (20), and a sand sand pavement surface (21) in addition to the above-mentioned breeding ground. In the vicinity of the pond (15), there are step stones (22), murmuring parts (biotope corners) (23), boarding ponds (24), masonry (25), grass roof huts (26) ) Is provided.

  In the present invention, the above-described various plant and animal breeding grounds are provided on the roof of the school building, which increases the weight applied to the roof, but these breeding grounds are the foundation (2) of the existing building (1). Since it is provided on the new roof (7) provided on the new foundation (3) provided separately from the above, it does not impose a weight burden on the existing building and does not lower the earthquake resistance.

  The present invention is used to provide a place on the roof of a school building such as an elementary school building where students attending the school can easily touch natural creatures. It is preferably used when renovating and renovating a new school building.

It is side surface sectional drawing which shows 1 process of the extension method of the school building which concerns on this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows 1 process of the extension method of the school building which concerns on this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows 1 process of the extension method of the school building which concerns on this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows 1 process of the extension method of the school building which concerns on this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows 1 process of the extension method of the school building which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows 1 process of the extension method of the school building which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the school building extended by the method which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows 1 process of the extension method of the school building which concerns on this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows 1 process of the extension method of the school building which concerns on this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows 1 process of the extension method of the school building which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the school building extended by the method which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a top view of the extension floor of the school building extended by the method concerning a second embodiment. It is a figure which shows the roof surface of the school building extended by the method which concerns on this invention. It is the perspective view which represented the external appearance of the roof surface of the school building extended by the method which concerns on this invention with the rough sketch.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Existing building 2 Existing foundation 3 New foundation 4 Supporting member 5 Beam 6 New roof 7 New roof 10 New school building 11 Flower bed 12 Garden 13 Orchard 14 Paddy field 15 Pond 30 Floor member 31 Expansion floor space

Claims (6)

  A method for extending a school building, wherein a new foundation for extension is provided around an existing foundation for supporting an existing school building, and a support member extending above the existing building is provided above the new foundation. By standing up and providing a new roof above the support member, a new roof surface is formed above the building, and animals to be raised by students attending the school on the new roof surface and / or A school building extension method characterized by providing a plant breeding ground.   A beam is laid between the support member and the new roof member so as to bridge between the support members, and a new floor member is provided on the upper portion of the beam, whereby the floor member and the new roof member are The extension method of the school building according to claim 1, wherein an additional floor space is formed between the two.   The school building extension method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the breeding ground is composed of an animal breeding ground and a plant growing ground.   A new foundation for extension is provided around the existing foundation that supports the existing school building, and a support member is provided upright above the existing building, and an upper portion of the support member. By providing a new roof on the building, a new roof surface is formed above the building, and an animal and / or plant breeding place for students to go to school to be raised is provided on the new roof surface. A school building characterized by that.   A beam is installed between the support member and the new roof member so as to bridge between the support members, and a new floor member is provided on the upper portion of the beam, whereby the floor member and the new roof member The school building according to claim 4, wherein an additional floor space is formed between the two.   The school building according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the breeding ground comprises an animal breeding ground and a plant breeding ground.

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