JP2005211860A - Filtering machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make an adequate shear force act on the surface of a filter member according to the change in the concentration of impurities in a filtering chamber. <P>SOLUTION: A filtering machine comprises n filtering units connected in the rotary shaft direction; and the filtering unit comprises rotary plates 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 and fixed plates 44, 42, 40, 38, 36 placed facing to the rotary plates 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24. When water to be treated supplied to the first filtering unit flows between the rotary plate 14 of the first filtering unit and the fixed plate 44, part of the water to be treated is filtered by the filtering member 31 arranged to the fixed plate 44, while the other part flows to the second filtering unit, and filtration is successively preformed in the same way from the second filtering unit to the n-th filtering unit. In the rotary plates 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 of the filtering units, the distance from the rotating center to the outer periphery is increased gradually from the rotary plate 14 toward the rotary plate 24. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a filter used in chemical process industries such as the chemical industry and food industry, and various wastewater treatments, and more specifically, deposits that adhere to and accumulate on the surface of the filter member as the filtration time elapses. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

One of the technologies for separating impurities in the treated water is a technology for removing the impurities in the treated water by attaching the treated water to the surface of the filter member by permeating the treated water from one surface of the filter member to the other surface. It has been. In this type of filtration technology, impurities adhere to and accumulate on the surface of the filtration member with the passage of time, and the filtration capability gradually decreases. Therefore, in order to perform the filtration process continuously for a long time, it is necessary to suppress accumulation of impurities adhering to the surface of the filtration member, and a dynamic filtration method has been proposed as a filtration method for this purpose. In the dynamic filtration method, the treated water in the filter chamber is flowed at high speed by stirring or the like, and the accumulation of impurities on the surface of the filter member is prevented by the shearing force generated thereby.
In addition, as a prior art document regarding the dynamic filtration method, for example, a technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-245811

In the conventional dynamic filtration method, the treated water in the filter chamber is evenly stirred, so that the shearing force generated thereby acts uniformly on the entire surface of the filter member.
However, the treated water in the filter chamber undergoes filtration as it goes from the treated water inlet to the treated water outlet, so that the impurity concentration is low near the treated water inlet and the impurity concentration is high near the treated water outlet. For this reason, the accumulation of impurities on the surface of the filtration member can be kept low near the inlet where the impurity concentration is low, but the accumulation of impurities on the surface of the filtration member can be kept low near the outlet where the impurity concentration is high. There was a problem that I could not.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, The objective is the filter which can make an appropriate shearing force act on the surface of a filtration member according to the change of the impurity concentration in a filter chamber. Is to provide.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a filter according to the present invention is configured such that a filter unit including a rotating plate and a fixed plate arranged to face the rotating plate is connected in the number of n in the rotation axis direction of the rotating plate. Is done. The treated water is first supplied to the first filtration unit. When the treated water supplied to the first filtration unit flows toward the second filtration unit through the rotation plate and the fixed plate of the first filtration unit, the filtered water disposed on the rotation plate and / or the fixed plate is used. Filtered. Thereafter, filtration is similarly performed from the second filtration unit to the nth filtration unit in order. The rotating plate of each filtering part is characterized in that the distance from the center of rotation to the outer periphery gradually increases from the first filtering part toward the nth filtering part (means 1).
(Operation and effect of the filter according to means 1)
In this filter, the space between the rotating plate and the fixed plate of each filtering unit is a filtering chamber. The treated water is first supplied to the filter chamber of the first filtration unit and filtered in the first filtration unit. The treated water that has passed through the first filtration unit is supplied to the filtration chamber of the second filtration unit, and is filtered in the second filtration unit. Hereinafter, the third filtration unit and the nth filtration unit are sequentially filtered. Therefore, the impurity concentration of the treated water gradually increases from the first filtration unit toward the nth filtration unit.
Impurities adhere to and accumulate on the filtration member surface of each filtration unit over time, but the treated water is stirred and accumulated on the filtration member surface by rotating the rotating plate of each filtration unit. The impurities are peeled off to prevent the impurities from depositing thickly. In addition, the distance from the rotation center of the rotating plate of each filtering unit to the outer periphery increases from the first filtering unit toward the nth filtering unit. Thereby, as the impurity concentration of the treated water increases, the stirring action of the rotating plate (that is, the shearing force acting on the surface of the filter member) increases, and the impurity concentration in each filter member of the first to nth filter parts Appropriate shearing force can be applied according to the above.

In the filter according to the first aspect, it is preferable that the rotary plates of the respective filter units are formed in a ring shape, and the inner diameters of the rotary plates gradually increase from the first filter unit toward the nth filter unit. (Means 2).
(Operation and effect of the filter according to means 2)
In this filter, the rotating plate is formed in a ring shape. The rotation speed of the rotating plate increases in proportion to the distance from the rotation center. For this reason, when the rotating plate is formed in a ring shape, filtration is not performed in a portion where the distance from the rotation center is short (a portion where the rotational speed is low), that is, a portion where the shearing action is small. Thereby, adhesion and accumulation of impurities on the surface of the filter member can be prevented. In addition, the inner diameter of the ring-shaped rotating plate of each filtration unit increases from the first filtration unit toward the nth filtration unit. That is, the minimum shearing force of each filtering part (that is, the shearing force acting near the inner diameter of the ring-shaped rotating plate) gradually increases from the first filtering part toward the nth filtering part. Therefore, the adhesion / deposition of impurities on the surface of the filter member is effectively prevented according to the impurity concentration.

First, features of each embodiment described below are shown below.
(Characteristic 1) The rotation plates (first rotation plate to n-th rotation plate) of each filtration unit are sequentially connected from the first filtration unit (first rotation plate) to the n-th filtration unit (n-th rotation plate). The rotational torque from the driving device (for example, a motor) is transmitted to the first rotating plate (or the nth rotating plate), and all the rotating plates rotate.
(Characteristic 2) The fixed plate (the first fixed plate to the (n-1) th fixed plate) is disposed between two adjacent rotating plates, and from the first fixed plate to the (n-1) th fixed plate. Concatenated in order. The connected fixed plates surround the periphery of the connected rotating plates in a state where the ends on the first filtering unit and the nth filtering unit side are opened. The end on the first filtration part side is closed by a first end face member, and a treated water supply port is formed in the first end face member. The end on the nth filtration portion side is closed by the second end surface member, and a treated water discharge port is formed in the second end surface member.
(Characteristic 3) The filter chamber of the first filtration unit is formed by a first end face member that faces the front surface of the first rotating plate and a first fixed plate that faces the rear surface of the first rotating plate. The filter chamber of the second filtration unit is formed by a first fixed plate that faces the front surface of the second rotary plate and a second fixed plate that faces the rear surface of the second rotary plate. Hereinafter, the i-th filtration unit is configured in the same manner, and is formed by an (i-1) -th fixing plate that faces the front surface of the i-th rotation plate and an i-th fixing plate that faces the rear surface of the i-th rotation plate ( i = 3-n-1). The n-th filtration part is formed by a (n−1) -th fixed plate facing the front surface of the n-th rotation plate and a second end surface member facing the rear surface of the n-th rotation plate. Therefore, the first fixing plate to the (n−1) th fixing plate function as fixing plates for the two filtration units formed before and after the fixing plate.
(Characteristic 4) Filtration members are disposed on both the front surface and the rear surface of the first fixing plate to the (n-1) th fixing plate. The treated water (filtrate) filtered by the filter member is discharged to the outside through the filtrate flow path inside each fixed plate.
(Characteristic 5) The 2nd end surface member in which the treated water discharge port was formed is a fixed plate (namely, the 1st fixed plate-the (n-2) th fixed plate) of the 1st filtration part-the (n-2) filtration part. ) Is also removable. Therefore, when it is desired to change the number of filtration parts, only a desired number of filtration parts are connected, and the second end face member is connected to the fixing plate of the last filtration part.

First Embodiment A filter according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the filter of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the filter according to the present embodiment includes a rotating unit 10 including a plurality of rotating disks 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, and 24, and a housing 30 that houses the rotating unit 10. Consists of. A space between the housing 30 and the rotating unit 10 is a filter chamber, and treated water is supplied to the filter chamber.

  The rotating unit 10 includes a drive shaft 12, a plurality of rotating disks 14 to 24 connected in series to the driving shaft 12, and a flange 26 that closes an end of the rotating disk 24. The drive shaft 12 is a hollow cylinder, and the rotational torque of the motor 52 is transmitted by a torque transmission mechanism (not shown). Since the rotating disks 14 to 24 are connected to the drive shaft 12, when the driving shaft 12 is rotated by the motor 52, the rotating disks 14 to 24 are also rotated.

The rotating disks 14 to 24 are configured by shaft portions 14a to 24a formed at the center thereof and ring-shaped disk portions 14b to 24b formed substantially perpendicular to the shaft portions 14a to 24a.
The drive shaft 12 is connected to one end of the shaft portion 14a, and the shaft portion 16a of the rotating disk 16 is connected to the other end. The shaft portions 18 a to 24 a are sequentially connected to the shaft portion 16 a, and the open end of the shaft portion 24 a is closed by the flange 26. Each of the shaft portions 14a to 24a spreads out conically from the shaft portion 14a toward the shaft portion 24a. The inclination angle α (spreading angle) of the shaft portions 14a to 24a can be arbitrarily set according to the characteristics of the treated water (slurry) to be filtered.
The inner diameters of the ring-shaped disk portions 14b to 24b gradually increase as the shaft portions 14a to 24a are formed in a conical shape. Further, the outer diameters of the disc portions 14b to 24b also increase from the disc portion 14b toward the disc portion 24b. The angle (corresponding to β in the figure) in which the outer diameters of the disk portions 14b to 24b spread can be arbitrarily set according to the characteristics of the treated water (slurry), similarly to the inclination angle α of the shaft portions 14a to 24a. it can. That is, the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the disk portions 14b to 24b can be arbitrarily set.

The housing 30 includes fixed plates 44 to 36 connected in the same direction as the rotation axis direction of the rotating unit 10, and a first end surface member 46 and a second end surface member 32 that block both ends of the fixing plates 44 to 36.
The fixed plates 44 to 36 are connected in series in the axial direction. The fixed plate 44 includes a flat plate portion 44b extending from the outer peripheral portion toward the shaft portions 14a and 16a of the rotary disks 14 and 16. The front surface of the flat plate portion 44 b faces the disc portion 14 b of the rotating disc 14, and the rear surface of the flat plate portion 44 b faces the disc portion 16 b of the rotating disc 16. Filter members 31 (shown by dotted lines in the figure) are disposed on the front and rear surfaces of the flat plate portion 44b. The treated water (filtrate) filtered by the filter member 31 is discharged from the discharge port 44 a through the filtrate flow path (not shown) in the fixed plate 44. As the filter member 31, a filter membrane such as a polymer membrane or a ceramic membrane can be suitably used, and a filter cloth, a metal filter medium, or the like can also be used. The fixed plates 42 to 36 are also configured in substantially the same manner as the fixed plate 44, and include flat plate portions 42 b to 36 b that extend inward from the outer peripheral portion. The flat plate portions 42b to 36b are also opposed to the rotary disks 16 to 24, respectively, and the filtering member 31 is disposed on the front and back surfaces thereof. The treated water filtered by the filter member 31 of each fixing plate 42 to 36 is discharged from the discharge ports 42a to 36a, respectively.
The fixed plates 44 to 36 gradually expand as the rotating disks 14 to 24 of the rotating unit 10 increase in diameter (that is, the inclination angle β of the fixed plates 44 to 36 is the rotating disk). It is the same as the inclination angle of 14 to 24).

A first end face member 46 is connected to the fixed plate 44. A through hole 47 is formed in the center of the first end face member 46, and the drive shaft 12 is rotatably supported in the through hole 47. A gap between the drive shaft 12 and the through hole 47 is closed by the seal member 50. The first end face member 46 is also formed with a treated water inflow passage 48 for supplying treated water (slurry) into the filter.
On the other hand, the second end face member 32 is connected to the fixed plate 36. The central portion of the second end face member 32 is formed to protrude outward according to the shape of the rotating disk 24. In the center of the second end face member 32, a treated water discharge passage 34 for discharging treated water in the filter is formed.

Next, the effect | action of the filter mentioned above is demonstrated. In addition, when performing a filtration process, the rotation part 10 is rotationally driven by the motor 52, and it is set as the state which the rotating disks 14-24 are rotating.
The treated water (slurry) is supplied from the treated water inflow path 48 of the first end face member 46 into the filter. The treated water supplied into the filter first flows into the first filtration part formed by the first end face member 46 and the fixing plate 44. The treated water in the first filtration part first flows between the first end face member 46 and the disk part 14 b in the outer peripheral direction, and then flows between the disk part 14 b and the fixed plate 44 in the central direction. At this time, the filtration is performed by the filtration member 31 disposed on the front surface of the fixed plate 44. Impurities that adhere to and accumulate on the filter member 31 disposed on the front surface of the fixed plate 44 are mixed with the treated water in the first filter part by the disk part 14b rotating in the first filter part. Peel from the surface. This prevents impurities from being deposited thickly on the surface of the filter member 31.

The treated water that has passed through the first filtration part flows into the second filtration part formed by the fixed plate 44 and the fixed plate 42. The treated water that has flowed into the second filtration portion first flows in the outer peripheral direction between the fixed plate 44 and the disc portion 16b, and then flows in the central direction between the disc portion 16b and the fixed plate 42. At this time, the filtration is performed by the filtration member 31 disposed on the rear surface of the fixed plate 44 and the front surface of the fixed plate 42. Impurities adhering to and depositing on the filter member 31 disposed on the fixing plates 44 and 42 are obtained by stirring the treated water in the second filter part by the disk part 16b rotating in the second filter part. Peel from the surface.
The treated water that has passed through the second filtration part flows into the third filtration part formed by the fixed plate 42 and the fixed plate 40. The treated water that has flowed into the third filtration unit is subjected to a filtration process in the same manner as in the second filtration unit, and is subsequently filtered in the fourth filtration unit (formed by the fixed plate 40 and the fixed plate 38). And the filtration process is performed by the fifth filtration unit (formed by the fixed plate 38 and the fixed plate 36), and the filtration process is performed by the sixth filtration unit (formed by the fixed plate 36 and the second end face member 32). Is done. The treated water concentrated by being filtered by each filtration unit is discharged from the treated water discharge passage 34 at the center of the second end face member 32 to the outside of the filter.

As is apparent from the above description, the treated water supplied from the treated water inflow passage 48 of the first end face member 46 is filtered by the first filtration unit, the second filtration unit, and the sixth filtration unit. As a result, the impurity concentration gradually increases. On the other hand, since the outer diameters of the rotating disks 14 to 24 accommodated in the respective filtering parts also increase from the first filtering part toward the sixth filtering part, the peripheral speed of the rotating disks 14 to 24 increases (treatment water stirring) And the shearing force acting on the surface of the filtration member of each filtration unit also gradually increases. Therefore, as the impurity concentration increases, the shearing force acting on the surface of the filter member increases, and the accumulation of impurities on the surface of the filter member is effectively suppressed.
Moreover, the internal diameters of the rotating disks 14 to 24 of the first to sixth filtration units also increase as they go from the first filtration unit to the sixth filtration unit. Therefore, as the impurity concentration increases, the filtration is not performed in the portion having a low shearing ability (that is, in the vicinity of the shaft portions 14a to 24a of the rotating disks 14 to 24). This also effectively prevents the accumulation of impurities on the surface of the filter member.

  As described above, in the filter of the present embodiment, as the impurity concentration increases, a large shearing force acts on the surface of the filter member, and the impurities attached and deposited on the surface of the filter member are peeled off. For this reason, even if filtration time passes, a constant-speed filtration process can be performed, without a filtration speed reducing.

  In addition, in the filter mentioned above, as shown in FIG. 2, you may make it provide protrusion 13a-23a in the front-back surface of the disk parts 14b-24b of each rotating disk. By providing the protrusions 13a to 23a on the disk portions 14b to 24b, the shearing force acting on the surface of the filter material portion is increased, and the adhesion / deposition of impurities on the surface of the filter member can be effectively suppressed.

Second Example Next, a filter according to a second example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 3, the filter according to the second embodiment also has substantially the same configuration as the filter according to the first embodiment, and is a rotating unit 60 configured by connecting a plurality of rotating disks 64 to 74. And a housing 80 (including a plurality of fixing plates 94 to 86 and end surface members 96 and 82 connected to both ends thereof) for accommodating the rotating portion 60. However, in the filter according to the second embodiment, (1) the treated water filtered by the filter member 77 is provided with the filter member 77 (shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3) on the disk portions of the rotating disks 64 to 74. (Filtrate) is discharged from the opening 63 of the drive shaft 62 of the rotating part 60, and (2) the second end face member 82 is connectable to each of the fixing plates 94 to 86 constituting the housing 80. , Different. Hereinafter, differences from the first embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the filter according to the second embodiment, filtering members 77 are disposed on the front and rear surfaces of each disk portion of the rotating disks 64 to 74. A filtrate flow path (not shown) is formed inside each disk part of the rotating disks 64 to 74, and the filtrate filtered by the filter member 77 flows to the shaft part of the rotating part 60. The filtrate that has flowed to the shaft portion of the rotating portion 60 is discharged from one end of the drive shaft 62 to the outside of the filter.

Further, in the filter according to the second embodiment, the second end face member 82 can be connected to each of the fixing plates 94 to 86. That is, the rear end of the fixed plate 94 is formed so as to protrude from the disc portion of the rotating disc 66 toward the second end face member 82. The fixed plate 92 to which the rear end of the fixed plate 94 is connected is formed to have a flat front surface, and the rear end is formed to protrude from the disk portion of the rotating disk 68 toward the second end face member 82. Is done. Hereinafter, the fixing plates 90 to 86 are configured similarly to the fixing plate 92. Accordingly, since the disk portions of the rotary disks 66 to 74 do not protrude rearward from the rear ends of the fixed plates 94 to 86, the second end face member 82 can be connected to the rear ends of the fixed plates 94 to 86. ing.
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when it is desired to configure the rotating unit 60 with three rotating disks 64, 66, and 68 (that is, when the filtering unit is to be configured in three stages), the driving shaft 62 has a rotating disk. 64, 66, and 68 are connected in order, and the end of the rotating disk 68 is closed with a separately prepared flange. And the housing 80 which accommodates the rotation part 60 comprised in this way is connected to the 1st end surface member 96, the fixed plate 94 connected to the fixed plate 94, and the rear end of the fixed plate 92 It comprises the 2nd end surface member 82 connected to. Thereby, the number of filtration parts can be three. The number of filtration parts can be arbitrarily set according to the characteristic of treated water (slurry).

As mentioned above, although the several specific example of this invention was demonstrated in detail, these are only illustrations and do not limit a claim. The technology described in the claims includes various modifications and changes of the specific examples illustrated above.
For example, in each of the embodiments described above, only the rotating disk is rotated, but in addition to this, the rotating disk can be rotated and reciprocated in the axial direction. By further reciprocating the rotating disk, the treated water in the filtration unit is further agitated, and the shearing force acting on the surface of the filtration member can be increased.
In addition, each of the above-described embodiments was an example in which the filtering member was disposed only on the fixed plate, and an example in which the filtering member was disposed only on the rotating disk. However, unlike such an embodiment, the fixed plate and the rotating member were rotated. You may make it arrange | position a filtration member to both of a disc. By arranging the filtration member on both the fixed plate and the rotating disk, the filtration area can be increased and the filter can be made compact.
Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the angle of the shaft portion of the rotating disk (α in FIG. 1) and the inclination angle of the outer diameter of the disk portion of the rotating disk (that is, the inclination angle of the fixed plate (β in FIG. 1) )) Was substantially the same, but these angles can be arbitrarily set according to the properties of the treated water to be filtered. For example, for treated water that is relatively easy to filter, the difference between the outer diameter and inner diameter of the rotating disk is gradually reduced (α> β), and the volume of each filtration section is made substantially the same. Thereby, regardless of the concentration of the treated water, the transport speed of the treated water (the time required to pass through each filtration unit) becomes constant, and the filtration can be performed at a high speed. Conversely, for treated water that requires time for filtration, the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the rotating disk is made constant or large (β ≧ α), and the volume of each filtration section is gradually increased. Thereby, according to the increase in the impurity concentration of the treated water, the transport speed is lowered, and the filtration can be sufficiently performed.
In each of the embodiments described above, a circular (ring-shaped) rotating plate is used as the rotating plate. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example, and a rotating plate having a shape other than a circular shape can also be used. Moreover, you may make it raise the stirring effect of a treated water by providing an unevenness | corrugation in the outer periphery of a rotating plate. For example, a groove is formed obliquely on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating plate, and the treated water is guided to the groove when the treated water flows from the front surface to the rear surface of the rotating plate. As a result, a velocity component in the swirling direction is imparted to the treated water, and the shearing force acting on the surface of the filter member can be increased.

  The technical elements described in this specification or the drawings exhibit technical usefulness alone or in various combinations, and are not limited to the combinations described in the claims at the time of filing. In addition, the technology illustrated in the present specification or the drawings achieves a plurality of objects at the same time, and has technical utility by achieving one of the objects.

The figure which shows the whole structure of the filter which concerns on one Example of this invention. The figure which shows the other structure of the rotation part which comprises the filter shown in FIG. The figure which shows the whole structure of the filter concerning the other Example of this invention. The figure which shows a structure when the number of filtration parts is changed in the filter shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

10.Rotating part 12.Drive shafts 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24..Rotating disc 30.Housing 31.Filtering member 32..Second end face members 36, 38, 40, 42,. 44 .. Fixed plate 46 .. First end face member

Claims (2)

N pieces of filtration parts composed of a rotating plate and a fixed plate arranged to face the rotating plate are connected in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotating plate,
When the treated water supplied to the first filtration unit flows toward the second filtration unit through the rotation plate and the fixed plate of the first filtration unit, the filtered water disposed on the rotation plate and / or the fixed plate is used. A filter that is filtered and filtered in the same manner from the second filtration unit to the nth filtration unit in order,
The filter plate according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the rotation center and the outer periphery of the rotation plate of each filtration unit is gradually increased from the first filtration unit toward the nth filtration unit.   2. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the rotation plate of each filtration part is formed in a ring shape, and the inner diameter of the rotation plates gradually increases from the first filtration part toward the nth filtration part. .

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