JP2005207958A - Measuring scale with information - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problem the physical build of children are various, in addition, the number of emergency patients of children is small, as compared with those of adults, so that the size of instruments, the amount of drugs, etc. to be used when a child is transported as an emergency patient and undergoes lifesaving first-aid treatment are selected by experience of a physician, and this can be a reason for a errors in medical treatment. <P>SOLUTION: This measuring scale with information is formed so as to have descriptions concerning the size of each instrument to be used and the amount of each medicine to be prescribed, adjacent to the columns of graduations for measuring the height of children, utilizing that there exist correlations between the heights of children and the sizes of instruments to be used or the weights of the children. Consequently, the size of the instrument, the amount of the drugs, etc. can be found immediately, by measuring the height of the child by using the measuring scale with information. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a measure for estimating the size of an instrument, the amount of medicine, and the like necessary for a lifesaving emergency treatment performed on an emergency patient based on measurement of the height of the emergency patient. In particular, the present invention relates to a measure that provides information for emergency medical treatment for pediatric emergency patients.

  Conventionally, when emergency patients are transported to a medical facility such as a hospital, the size of the laryngoscope used to secure the airway, the size of the tracheal tube to be intubated, the size of various catheters, etc. Observes the physique of an emergency patient and selects based on experience. Similarly, the amount of medication for lifesaving first aid has been selected based on experience.

On the other hand, it is known from experience that there is a certain degree of correlation between height and weight, especially in infants, infants, school children, and other children (for example, non-patent literature). 1). It is also known that there is a correlation between the height and the size of the instrument (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2).
Garland JS, Kishaba RG, Nelson DB, Losek JD, Sobocinski KA, "A rapid and accurate method of detecting body weight", Am J Emerg Med., 1986; 4: 390-393. Hinkle AJ, "A rapid and reliable method of selecting endotracheal tube size in children", Anesth Analg., 1988; 67: s-592.Abstract.

  Because children are growing, their physique is more diverse than that of adults. In general medical facilities, the number of pediatric emergency patients is smaller than that of transported adult emergency patients. For this reason, it is often difficult for a doctor to accurately determine the size of a device to be used for a lifesaving emergency treatment of a child, the amount of a medicine, and the like based on experience. For this reason, there is a problem that a medical error is likely to occur in the lifesaving first aid for a child with urgency. Especially when a child under 8 years old who weighs less than 25 kilograms has ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia, the automatic external defibrillator cannot be used. There is also a problem that must be done. The American Heart Association guidelines stipulate that the defibrillation energy must be set according to body weight, but it is difficult to accurately determine the weight from the patient's appearance.

  For this reason, for example, a table showing the correspondence between the age of the child and the size of the device, the amount of the drug, etc., has been posted in the treatment room. Since the number is small compared to adults, there is a problem that such a notice may be forgotten.

  Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a measure for estimating the size and amount of drugs used in lifesaving emergency treatment for children, and is also used for other than lifesaving emergency for children. The goal is not to be forgotten.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a scale column for measuring the height and an estimation column describing the estimation information of the instrument or / and the drug as a column adjacent to the scale column, and the scale is 30. In the section below centimeters, an informational measure with reference information necessary for lifesaving is provided instead of the estimation column.

  Such a measure with information makes it possible to estimate the size of the instrument or / and the drug required by measuring the height of the emergency patient. In addition, the information major has information necessary for lifesaving (for example, procedures for lifesaving first aid), so the major with information also has a role as a textbook for lifesaving. Are often referred to, and the possibility of their existence being forgotten is reduced.

  Note that the estimation column may describe estimation information for each fixed height range indicated by a scale. In addition, the size of the device is thought to depend directly on the height, while the amount of the drug depends indirectly on the height through the dependence on the weight, so the estimated information directly dependent on the height and the weight The estimation information that directly depends and indirectly depends on the height may be separated. Specifically, a column indicating the size of the device and a column indicating the amount of the medicine may be separated.

  Moreover, the estimated value of the weight corresponding to height may be described. In particular, even if the height is the same, an estimated value of the weight when the patient is thin or fat may be described. Thereby, the quantity of a chemical | medical agent can be estimated more correctly.

  Moreover, color coding may be performed for each fixed range of height. Thereby, for example, by making the color of the instrument the same as the color used in the color coding for each fixed range of height, the possibility of using an instrument of the wrong size can be reduced.

  According to the information-equipped measure according to the present invention, by measuring the height of an emergency patient, it becomes possible to estimate the size of a necessary instrument or / and the amount of a drug, etc., resulting in a decrease in medical errors and the like. it can. In addition, since information necessary for other lifesaving emergency is described, it is possible to reduce the forgetting of the information major.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

(Outline of the present invention)
FIG. 1 shows an example of a measure with information according to the present invention. FIG. 1 illustrates three parts of the major with information, (1) the part shown on the left shows the vicinity from 0 centimeters to 30 centimeters, and (2) the part shown in the center Indicates the vicinity of 90 centimeters, and (3) the portion shown on the right indicates the vicinity of 160 centimeters.

  The part shown on the left shows a flowchart of a lifesaving treatment. The measure with information according to the present invention measures the height of a person and estimates the size of the instrument used for lifesaving and the amount of medicine based on the height, so that the person with a height of approximately 30 centimeters or less However, there is almost no emergency patient, so the flowchart of the lifesaving procedure is shown in the part below about 30 centimeters. As a result, the information-equipped measure according to the present invention also serves as a textbook for lifesaving first aid. In addition to the flow chart of the lifesaving treatment, this portion may include the usage method of the information measure according to the present invention, the size of the instrument used for lifesaving, the basis of the amount of the medicine, and the like. .

  The part shown in the center shows the vicinity of 90 centimeters. When the informational measure according to the present invention shows that the height of the emergency patient is 90 centimeters, for example, the ET ID (tracheal tube) is used as the instrument size. We know that we should use 4.5mm as the inner diameter (Endocheal Tube Internal Diameter), we immediately know that we should use 14kg, we should use 0.28mg of atropine, and start lifesaving emergency treatment immediately can do. In addition, when being transported by an ambulance, the height of the emergency patient is measured in the ambulance, the measurement result is communicated to the destination hospital, and the part adjacent to the corresponding height is read by this information measure. It is possible to prepare a device of an appropriate size and an appropriate amount of medicine. Strictly speaking, the English notation of “tracheal tube” is “Trachel Tube”. The notation “Endocheal Tube” is the English notation for “endotracheal tube”. Conventionally, the term “intratracheal tube” has been used, but in recent years, the term “tracheal tube” has come to be used.

  The right part shows around 160 centimeters. A person with this height can be a child or an adult. Therefore, although not shown in the drawing, a description such as “same as an adult” may be included in a portion where the portion indicating the device size, the amount of medicine, etc. is not written. Further, a flowchart of a lifesaving emergency treatment for an adult may be written in this portion. As a result, when it is estimated that the adult is an adult as a result of measuring the height, lifesaving emergency treatment for the adult can be immediately performed.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 2 illustrates a conceptual diagram of a measure with information according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The measure with information is for indicating estimated information on a device or / and a medicine suitable for a lifesaving treatment according to the height of the child, and has a scale column 201, an estimation column 202, and a reference column 203. .

  The “scale column” 201 has a scale for measuring the height of the child. Although it is difficult to precisely define the range of the height of the child, it is sufficient that the scale column 201 can measure a height in the range of approximately 30 centimeters to 155 centimeters. However, the value “155 centimeters” may be smaller. For example, when providing a measure with information for kindergarten children, a measure with information for elementary school lower grades, etc., the height of less than 155 cm may be measured. In FIG. 2, the scale column 201 is written only on one side of the measure with information, but the scale column 201 may be written on both sides.

  The “estimation column” 202 is a column that is adjacent to the scale column 201 and describes the estimated information of the device or / and the medicine. “Estimated information of device or / and drug” is information indicating the size of a life-saving emergency device or / and the amount of drug considered to be suitable for a child whose height is measured in the scale column 201 It is. It is known from experience that the size of a life-saving emergency device has a correlation with height, and the size of the device is described in the estimation column 202 adjacent to the scale column 201 based on the correlation. In addition, the amount of drug should be determined according to body weight, but in children it is known from experience that there is a correlation between height and weight. The amount of the drug is described adjacent to the scale column 201.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of the scale column 201 and the estimation column 202. For example, if the patient's height is 60 cm, the ET ID (tracheal tube inner diameter) is 3.5 mm, Lip-Tip (the extent to which the tracheal tube is inserted) is 10.5 cm, the larynx The mirror has a size of 1 directly, the suction catheter has a size of 8Fr, the urinary catheter has a size of 5 to 8Fr, and the gastric tube has a size of 5 to 8Fr. Use blood pressure cuff for neonates / infants, 0.14 milligrams of atropine, 0.7 milliliters of epinephrine diluted 10,000 times, 7 milligrams of lidocaine When defibrillation is performed, the first time is 14 joules, the second and third times are 28 joules. In FIG. 3, the estimation column is described adjacent to 60 centimeters and 80 centimeters in the scale column, but for example, the estimation column is not described adjacent to 70 centimeters. If the patient's height is measured, for example, 70 centimeters, the device and drug are determined in consideration of the description in the estimation column before and after the height and the patient's physique (whether it is lean or fat) To do.

  The “reference column” 203 is a column in which reference information necessary for a lifesaving emergency treatment is described instead of the estimation column 202 when the scale of the scale column 201 is at least 30 centimeters or less. “At least 30 centimeters” means that premature babies usually have a height of 30 centimeters or less, and premature babies are cared for in an incubator, so they can be transported as emergency patients. Because there is almost nothing. Of course, instead of “30 centimeters”, for example, the average height of a newborn may be used. “Reference information necessary for lifesaving first aid” is, for example, a procedure of lifesaving first aid, or a term (for example, “ET ID”, “1: 10,000”, etc.) written in the estimation column 202 Meaning), the correlation between the height and the size of the device, the correlation between the height and the weight, and the display of a document that provides the basis for the correlation between the weight and the amount of the drug.

  4 and 5 exemplify flowcharts of procedures for lifesaving emergency treatment described in the reference information column. As shown in FIG. 5, the secondary lifesaving treatment for an adult is described adjacent to a scale of 20 centimeters, but adjacent to the scale of a normal adult height range such as 155 centimeters or more, The flowchart of the procedure of a secondary lifesaving treatment may be described. By doing this, as soon as the height was measured and found to be 155 centimeters or greater, immediately following the adult lifesaving procedure described adjacent to the 155 centimeter scale You can take lifesaving first aid by looking at the flowchart.

  FIG. 6 shows a portion where the scale in the scale column is near 155 centimeters. If 155 centimeters or more is the normal height of an adult, the estimation column adjacent to the scale beyond 155 centimeters indicates “Same as adults”. As stated in the paragraph above, instead of stating that “this is the same as adults”, a flowchart of the procedure for secondary life support for adults is written, the size of equipment used for adults, and administration The amount of the drug or the like may be described.

(Embodiment: Main effects)
By using the measure with information according to the present embodiment, it is possible to know the size, type, amount, and the like of a device suitable for a child's lifesaving emergency treatment based on the measurement of height. In addition, since reference information necessary for lifesaving emergency treatment is described, it also serves as a textbook for lifesaving first aid. Therefore, the presence of the measure with information according to the present embodiment is not forgotten, and the measure with information according to the present embodiment can be prepared immediately even if a pediatric emergency patient is transported.

(Embodiment 2)
The information-equipped measure according to the second embodiment of the present invention is the information-equipped measure according to the first embodiment, and the estimation column 202 describes the estimated information for each fixed height range indicated by a scale. “For every fixed height range” means that the estimated information is described, for example, divided every 5 centimeters or 10 centimeters. Moreover, it is not essential to be divided at equal intervals, and may be divided at different intervals as necessary.

  FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of a measure with information according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 7, estimation information is described by dividing an estimation column into a portion from 58 centimeters to 72 centimeters and a portion from 72 centimeters to 86 centimeters.

(Embodiment 2: Main effects)
In the present embodiment, the estimation information is described for each certain height range, so that the estimation information can be read from the measurement result of the height without ambiguity.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 8 illustrates a conceptual diagram of a measure with information according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The information-added measure according to this embodiment is the information-added measure described in the first or second embodiment, and the estimation column 202 includes a height-dependent estimation column 801 and a weight-dependent estimation column 802.

  The “height dependency estimation column” 801 indicates height dependency estimation information for estimating a suitable device or / and medicine according to height. For example, since the size of the device has a high correlation with the height, the size of the device is described in the height dependency estimation column.

  The “weight dependence estimation column” 802 indicates weight dependence estimation information for estimating a suitable device or / and medicine according to the body weight. For example, since it is known that many drugs should be administered according to body weight, the amount of such drugs is described in the weight dependence estimation column 802. In the case of a child, there is a correlation between weight and height, and as a result, the amount of medicine and the like are described according to height.

  FIG. 9 shows an example of a measure with information having an estimation column including a height dependency estimation column and a weight dependence estimation column. In FIG. 9, the height dependency estimation column and the weight dependency estimation column are described for each fixed height range. However, “every constant height range” is different between the height-dependent estimation column and the weight-dependent estimation column. This is because the content described in the height dependency estimation column directly depends on the height, but the content described in the weight dependency estimation column indirectly depends on the height. In the body weight dependence estimation column, amounts that can be adjusted when performing treatment, such as the amount of medicine and the energy value to be used for defibrillation, are mainly described. On the other hand, in the height dependence estimation column, the size of the instrument is mainly described. The instrument is manufactured at a factory or the like, and it is difficult to change the size when performing treatment. Therefore, the weight dependence estimation column can be divided more finely than the height dependence estimation column. In FIG. 9, the height-dependent estimation column and the weight-dependent estimation column are not divided, but the inside may be divided as necessary. For example, Lip-Tip in the height dependency estimation column may be divided more finely than the contents described in other height dependency estimation columns. The description in the body weight dependence estimation column is the same, and drugs that react greatly even with slight differences in dose may be separated separately.

  The American Heart Association Guideline 2000 recommends that an automatic external defibrillator be used for patients who are 8 years of age or older or whose weight is 25 kilograms or more. In the body weight dependence estimation column corresponding to, there may be a statement that the use of the automatic external defibrillator is permitted.

  In recent years, it has been known that defibrillation requires less energy to use a biphasic waveform than to use a monophasic waveform, and therefore less invasive to the heart. The information-added measure may include the defibrillation energy value when using a monophasic waveform and the defibrillation energy value when using a biphasic waveform. Based on new knowledge that will be obtained in the future, the information described in the information-added major according to the present invention has been changed, and even if such changes are made, it is clearly included in the technical scope of the present invention. It is.

(Embodiment 3: Main effects)
According to the present embodiment, since the estimation column is described separately for content depending on height and content depending on weight, more accurate information can be presented.

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram of a measure with information according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the information measure according to the present embodiment, the weight estimation information for estimating the weight to be used in the weight dependence estimation column is described in the estimation column of the information measure according to the third embodiment for each fixed height range indicated by the scale. Has been.

  As mentioned above, in children, height and weight are known to have a stronger correlation than adults. Based on this correlation, weight relative to height is described. Is. For example, 6 kilograms are written adjacent to the 60 centimeter scale, 7 kilograms are written adjacent to the 65 centimeter scale, 9 kilograms are written adjacent to the 70 centimeter scale, etc. It is. Although the method of describing the weight estimation information in the weight dependence estimation column is arbitrary, for example, it may be described at the end of the tape as illustrated in FIG. In order to obtain weight estimation information for height, for example, the results of school health statistics surveys published by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/houdou/15 /06/03060901.htm), the average height and average weight for the same age may be obtained. For example, in the web page indicated by the above URL, the average height of an 8-year-old child is 128.2 cm for a man and 127.5 cm for a woman, and the average weight of an 8-year-old child is 27.2 for a man. Since the kilogram and the female are 26.9 kilograms, for example, the weight estimation information for 128 centimeters is 27 kilograms. Since there is a gender difference, the weight estimation information for boys and the weight estimation information for girls may be described separately.

  FIG. 11 illustrates another way of describing the weight estimation information, and the weight is shown above the weight dependence estimation information described in the respective weight dependence estimation columns.

(Embodiment 4: Main effects)
According to this embodiment, since the weight estimated with respect to the height is written, it can be determined whether the weight dependence estimation information is correct. If the patient's weight is known, the amount of drug to be administered and / or the size of the device to be used can be known based on the weight.

(Embodiment 5)
As Embodiment 5 of the present invention, a measure with information in which the upper and lower weight limits are described in the weight estimation information will be described. That is, the information-equipped measure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is the information-equipped measure according to the fourth embodiment, wherein the weight estimation information includes a standard weight value in a certain height range and a predetermined weight distribution in the certain height range. The lower and upper body weight values are shown.

  FIG. 12 is a graph showing the distribution of weight with respect to height in a certain height range. The “constant height range” is, for example, a range of 2.5 centimeters around a specific height. The standard body weight is the body weight having the largest number of distributions in the constant height range or the body weight that is the center of the body weight distribution, and there are various definitions. The upper and lower body weight values are, for example, the body weight of the upper 2.5 percent and the lower 2.5 percent of the body weight distribution.

  FIG. 13 illustrates the weight-dependent estimation column of the information-equipped measure according to the present embodiment. Each weight-dependent estimation column has three values as weight estimation information. The value shown in the center is the standard weight, the value shown on the left is the lower limit weight, and the right side The value marked in is the upper limit weight.

  The usage method of the weight dependence estimation column of the measure with information according to the present embodiment is as follows. First, a patient's height is measured and the description of the weight dependence estimation column (adjacent) corresponding to the height value is read. At the same time, the patient's physique is examined to determine whether the patient is normal, lean or fat. If it is a standard physique, use the device and drug amount described in the body weight dependence estimation column. If it is lean, the weight on the left side of the weight estimation information is read, a weight-dependent estimation column in which the weight is described as the standard weight is obtained, and the device and the drug amount described there are used. If it is fat, read the weight on the right side of the weight estimation information, obtain a weight-dependent estimation column in which the weight is written as the standard weight, and use the device and the drug amount written there.

(Embodiment 5: Main effects)
According to the present embodiment, it is possible to estimate the weight more accurately, and it is possible to use an accurate device and drug amount.

(Embodiment 6)
In the measure with information according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention, in the measure with information described in any of Embodiments 2 to 5, the estimation column in which the estimation information is described for each fixed height range is at least Adjacent height range estimation fields are described in different colors.

(Embodiment 6: Main effects)
By making the colors different in this way, it is possible to make it easy to see the delimitation of the certain height range. In addition, for example, by setting the color of the estimation column of the measure with information according to the present embodiment to all different colors, and deploying the measure with information according to the present embodiment to a home or an ambulance other than the hospital. Measure the height of an emergency patient and report the color of the estimated column adjacent to the measured value to the hospital of the delivery destination to accurately convey the amount of equipment and drug to be prepared to the hospital in a short time. Can do.

(Embodiment 7)
The major with information according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is the major with information according to any one of the first to sixth embodiments, wherein the lifesaving emergency information for adults is described on the surface opposite to the estimation column. It has an emergency information column.

  FIG. 14 illustrates a measure with information according to the present embodiment. On the opposite side of the field where the estimation column is described, explanation of lifesaving first-aid methods for adults, confirmation of presence / absence, confirmation of presence / absence of breath, confirmation of presence / absence of pulse, procedure of artificial respiration, procedure of heart massage Etc. are written. This explanation is an example of lifesaving emergency information for adults described in the adult lifesaving emergency information column. In addition, the adult secondary lifesaving treatment illustrated in FIG. 5 may be described. In FIG. 14, lifesaving emergency information is written in characters, but may be written using an illustration or the like.

(Embodiment 7: Main effects)
According to the present embodiment, the information-equipped measure can be used as a textbook in a lifesaving first aid class or the like, and the presence of the information-equipped measure is not forgotten.

(Embodiment 8)
The measure with information according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention is the measure with information according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 7, and the reference column is a reference information column indicating a reference for estimating weight from height. It is made to have. That is, the reference document information column shows the correlation between height and weight, and describes the document used to create the information-added measure.

  The bibliographic information column can be described at an arbitrary position of the measure with information. For example, inside the reference field, near the reference position where the height is measured, the position on the estimation field side of the reference field, the part where there is no description in the reference field (the part adjacent to the large height scale, or the back surface), etc. There is.

(Embodiment 8: Main effects)
According to the present embodiment, the basis for the correlation between height and weight is shown, so even if there is a change in the child's physique due to changes in eating habits etc., is it a measure with information that can be used? It can be used as a guide for replacement.

  By measuring the height of an emergency patient, the measure with information according to the present invention makes it possible to estimate the size or / and medicine of a necessary instrument, which can lead to a decrease in medical errors, etc. Since the information necessary for lifesaving emergency is described, it is possible to reduce the forgetting existence of the information major, so it is a useful information major.

An example of a measure with information according to the present invention Conceptual diagram of a measure with information according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention Example of scale field 201 and estimation field 202 An example of a flowchart of the procedure for lifesaving emergency treatment described in the reference information column An example of a flowchart of the procedure for lifesaving emergency treatment described in the reference information column An example of the part where the scale in the scale column is near 155 centimeters Conceptual diagram of measure with information according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention Conceptual diagram of measure with information according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention An example of a measure with information having an estimation column including a height-dependent estimation column and a weight-dependent estimation column Conceptual diagram of measure with information according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention An example of another way of describing weight estimation information An example of a graph showing the distribution of weight relative to height in a certain height range An example figure of the weight dependence estimation column of the measure with information concerning Embodiment 5 of the present invention An example figure of the measure with information which concerns on Embodiment 7 of this invention

Claims (8)

A measure with information to show estimated information on equipment or / and drugs suitable for lifesaving first aid according to the height of the child,
A scale field with a scale for measuring the height of the child,
An estimation column describing the estimation information of the device or / and drug adjacent to the scale column;
Have
In the part where the scale is at least 30 centimeters or less, an informational measure having a reference column in which reference information necessary for a lifesaving emergency treatment is described in place of the estimation column.   2. The information-added measure according to claim 1, wherein the estimation field includes estimation information for each fixed height range indicated by the scale. The estimation column is
A height-dependent estimation column indicating height-dependent estimation information for estimating a suitable device or / and medicine according to height,
A body weight dependence estimation field indicating weight dependence estimation information for estimating a suitable device or drug according to body weight;
The measure with information according to claim 1 or 2.   The information estimation measure according to claim 3, wherein the estimation column includes weight estimation information for estimating a weight to be used in the weight-dependent estimation column for each fixed height range indicated by the scale.   5. The information-equipped measure according to claim 4, wherein the weight estimation information indicates a standard weight value in the fixed height range and predetermined lower and upper limit weight values in a weight distribution in the fixed height range.   6. The information-equipped measure according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the estimation field in which the estimation information is described for each fixed height range is described in a color different from at least the adjacent height range estimation field. .   The information-equipped measure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an adult lifesaving information field in which lifesaving information for adults is written on a surface opposite to the estimation field.   The information-equipped measure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the reference field includes a reference information field indicating a reference for estimating weight from height.

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