JP2005194073A - Goods shipping management system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a goods shipping quantity management system capable of avoiding an excessive supply of goods or their shortage and also generation of a wasteful transport cost. <P>SOLUTION: A communication control part 11 controls the communications with an outgoing goods control device and/or a sales management device. A total control part 12 control the whole of a stock management device 10. A sales quantity prediction part 14 predicts the sales quantity of the goods after 1-2 weeks on the basis of the "monthly indices" or "ten-days indices" on the basis of the sales performance for the past one year and the sales performance in the latest period. A shipping quantity decision part 15 judges whether the stock amount of each item has got equal to or below the specified value in order to refill the sales agent with a shortage portion of the commercial item whose quantity is predicted and requests shipment of the shortage portion of a shipment control device at the plant. A shipping stack pattern decision part 16 decides a shipping stack pattern to minimize the number of trucks when the goods are shipped from the plant. A memory part 13 stores the sales performance data for the past one year, monthly indices, and the ten-days indices. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a merchandise distribution management system, and in particular, in a front warehouse that replenishes merchandise from a factory to a store, the quantity of goods received from the factory by the front warehouse, the amount of inventory, and the loading efficiency of trucks used for shipping goods in the factory On how to manage.

As a method of managing the inventory quantity in the front warehouse that relays between the factory that manufactures electrical appliances and the store that sells it, a certain standard (fixed point) is set for the inventory quantity. There are methods for arrival (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
JP 11-345267 A JP-A-10-171895

However, in the above conventional technique,
(1) Since trucks cannot be arranged systematically, unnecessary transportation costs are incurred.
(2) The front warehouse is not able to deal with out-of-stock items at the store because the future storage schedule is unknown.
(3) For production factories, the required production volume in the future is unknown, which causes overproduction and production shortages.
There are problems such as.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a product shipping management system that can avoid excessive supply of products and product outages, and can avoid generation of wasteful transportation costs. .

  In order to achieve the above object, an inventory management apparatus according to the present invention is an inventory management apparatus in a warehouse that receives and stores a specific product from a predetermined factory as needed, and relates to the specific product 1 A sales volume forecasting means for calculating a predicted sales volume expected to be sold per day based on a sales volume in a predetermined period related to the product; an inventory quantity specifying means for specifying a stock quantity related to the specific product; Comparing means for comparing the specified inventory quantity with a specific standard in consideration of the calculated predicted sales quantity, and calculating a shipment quantity relating to the product to be accepted from the factory based on the comparison result And a shipment request transmission means for transmitting information indicating that the product relating to the calculated shipment amount is to be accepted.

  As a result, the predicted sales volume and inventory volume in a given period are compared, and if the product falls below a certain standard, products can be received from the factory. Can be avoided.

  Further, the inventory management device includes a talent calculation means for calculating the total talent of the products related to the calculated shipment amount, and a necessary track type and its based on the calculated talent total It is good also as providing the number-of-trucks calculation means which calculates the number, and the notifying means which notifies the kind and number of said calculated tracks.

  As a result, the total number of products received from the factory is calculated, and the type of truck and the number of trucks are calculated and notified to the factory based on this talent. It becomes possible.

  In order to achieve the above object, the merchandise shipping management system according to the present invention includes a sales management device for managing the sales volume of merchandise installed in a store, and inventory of merchandise installed in a front warehouse. A product shipment management system comprising an inventory management device to be managed and a shipment control device for controlling the shipment of a product installed in a factory, wherein the sales management device determines a sales amount of a specific product in a specific period. Coefficient means for counting, transmission means for transmitting information representing the specific product and the counted sales amount to the inventory management apparatus, and the inventory management apparatus from the sales management apparatus, Receiving means for receiving information representing a product and the counted sales volume, and a sales for calculating a predicted sales volume expected to be sold per day related to the specific product based on the received sales volume Predicting means, inventory quantity specifying means for specifying an inventory quantity relating to the specific product, comparing means for comparing the specified inventory quantity and a specific criterion considering the calculated predicted sales quantity, Based on the comparison result, a shipment amount calculation means for calculating a shipment amount relating to the commodity to be accepted from the factory, and a shipment request transmission for transmitting information indicating that the commodity relating to the calculated shipment amount is acceptable And the shipment control apparatus includes a shipment request receiving means for receiving the information from the inventory management apparatus.

  As a result, the predicted sales volume and inventory volume in a given period are compared, and if the product falls below a certain standard, the product is shipped from the factory to the front warehouse. It is possible to realize a merchandise shipment management system capable of avoiding a situation where it is not possible to replenish.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention can be realized as an inventory management method including the characteristic configuration means of the inventory management apparatus as a step, or as a program including all steps of those methods. You can also. The program is not only stored in a ROM or the like provided in an apparatus capable of realizing the above method, but can also be distributed via a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a transmission medium such as a communication network.

According to the present invention, since the amount of shipment in the near future is predicted based on the latest actual sales volume, a suitable quantity is calculated based on this, and the calculated quantity of goods is accepted from the factory. Can be avoided.
Further, since the trucks are arranged based on the talent of the above-mentioned suitable quantity of goods, it is possible to ship with the minimum number of trucks.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an outline of a product shipment management system 100 according to the present invention. The product shipment management system 100 calculates the amount to be shipped from the factory 2 to the front warehouse 1 by predicting the future sales amount of the product based on the past sales results of the product at a large number of dealers 3 existing throughout the country. This is a system that realizes an optimum shipment amount and optimum truck loading efficiency from the factory 2 to the front warehouse 1. Here, for convenience, it is assumed that there is one factory 2 in the whole country and 13 front warehouses 1.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the “1. Forecast sales volume”, the merchandise shipment management system 100 has the “monthly index” or “seasonal index” based on the sales results of the past year and the latest sales. Predict the sales volume of products in the near future based on actual results. Here, the “monthly index” means a value indicating the ratio of the monthly sales volume to the monthly average sales volume calculated from the sales performance for a certain year. The “seasonal index” refers to a value indicating the ratio of the seasonal sales volume to the average seasonal sales volume calculated from the sales performance of a certain month.

  Further, the front warehouse 1 sets a standard (hereinafter referred to as “stock fixed point” or “order point”) for requesting shipment to the factory when the stock amount for each product becomes a certain quantity or less. Based on this, the products shipped from the factory are stored, and the products are replenished to each dealer 3. Further, the front warehouse 1 determines a form in which the number of trucks used when shipping goods from the factory 2 is minimized (that is, the loading efficiency in the truck is maximized), and notifies the factory 2 of the form.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of the system configuration of the product shipment management system 100. As shown in FIG. 2, the merchandise shipment management system 100 includes an inventory management device 10 installed in the front warehouse 1, a shipment control device 20 installed in the factory 2, and a sales management installed in the store 3. The device 30 is connected by a network 50 such as the Internet.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the inventory management apparatus 10 in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the inventory management apparatus 10 includes a communication control unit 11, an overall control unit 12, a sales amount prediction unit 14, a shipment amount determination unit 15, a shipment load pattern determination unit 16, and a storage unit 13. .

The communication control unit 11 performs control when data is exchanged with the shipment control device 20 and the sales management device 30. The overall control unit 12 is a department that controls the entire inventory management apparatus 10 and is, for example, a microcomputer including a ROM and a RAM.
Based on the “monthly index” or “seasonal index” based on the sales performance of the past year and the most recent sales performance, the sales volume prediction unit 14 sells the product in the near future (for example, one to two weeks later). Predict the amount.

The shipment amount determination unit 15 periodically monitors (for example, once a day) whether or not the stock amount for each product has become a certain quantity or less in order to replenish the store with products corresponding to the predicted sales amount. Then, request the factory shipment control device 20 to ship the shortage.
The shipping stacking pattern determination unit 16 determines a mode in which the number of trucks when shipping products from the factory is minimized (that is, the loading efficiency in the truck is maximized).
The storage unit 13 stores, for each product, sales performance data for the past year, a monthly index, a seasonal index, and the like.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining characteristic functions of the sales volume prediction unit 14 and the shipping volume determination unit 15 in FIG. FIG. 4A is a diagram showing an outline of a method for calculating the daily average sales volume of a specific product in the sales volume prediction unit 14. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the average daily sales volume after one week is calculated based on the sales results for the last 30 days for each front warehouse and product number. In this case, “30 days” is the total of the actual sales days (that is, business days), not the period. In FIG. 4A, the timing indicated by an asterisk is the timing for performing the above calculation.

  FIG. 4B is a diagram for explaining a criterion for making a shipping request from the inventory management device 10 to the shipping control device 20 in the shipping amount determination unit 15. As shown in FIG. 4B, the shipping amount determination unit 15 requests the shipping control device 20 to ship when it detects that the inventory amount has fallen below the quantity of the order points set in advance for each product number. .

  Next, the front warehouse 1 in the merchandise shipment management system 100 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, there are 13 front warehouses 1 from “Hokkaido” to “Chikushino” nationwide, and the days of the week for receiving goods from the factory 2 are predetermined. For example, the front warehouse “Hokkaido” is Monday and Thursday. In addition, each front warehouse belongs to one of five groups: “Monday / Wednesday group”, “Tuesday / Thursday group”, “Wednesday / Friday group”, “Monday / Thursday group” and “Tuesday / Friday group”. ing. Note that the number of front warehouses 1 that receive products from the factory 2 and the total number of talents at that time are set so that there is no significant difference depending on the day of the week.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a schedule for shipping commodities from the factory 2 to the front warehouse 1 of each group. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, for example, a shipping schedule for the next week is set at night on Monday.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the contents of FIG. 6 in more detail. In FIG. 7, the front warehouse “Tohoku LM Sendai” (hereinafter referred to as “Sendai”) belonging to “Monday / Wednesday Group”. ) Shows a 16-day schedule used (in this case, “Sunday” is a closed day). FIG. 7 shows the total number of products to be replenished from the front warehouse “Sendai” for each product number and each day of the week. For example, for a product whose product number is “SR-IHSE10-C”, a total of “178” products are replenished to the dealer on Tuesday. However, because the front warehouse “Sendai” belongs to the “Monday / Wednesday Group”, only the Mondays and Wednesdays are accepted for shipment of goods from the factory. Need to accept from. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, in the case of the front warehouse “Sendai”, “521” is received on Monday, “346” is received on Wednesday, and various products are received from the factory 2.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a schedule relationship between the quantity of goods to be replenished and the shipping quantity in the front warehouse “Chubu LM Komaki” (hereinafter referred to as “Komaki”) belonging to “Tuesday / Thursday group”. As shown in FIG. 8, in the front warehouse “Komaki”, “515 units” on Tuesday, “445 units” on Thursday, a plan to accept various products from the factory 2 is shown.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schedule relationship between the quantity of products to be replenished and the shipment quantity in the front warehouse “Metropolitan area LM Kawasaki” (hereinafter referred to as “Kawasaki”) belonging to “Wednesday / Friday group”. As shown in FIG. 9, in the front warehouse “Kawasaki”, “164 units” on Wednesday and “492 units” on Friday indicate plans to accept various products from the factory.

Next, the sales volume prediction method in the sales volume prediction unit 14 will be described.
FIG. 10A is a diagram showing an example of the monthly sales volume and the monthly index in a certain home appliance. FIG. 10B is a diagram showing an example of the number of units sold by the end of month and the index by end of month for the above-mentioned home appliances. FIG. 10A shows a sales volume 1001 and a monthly index 1002 in each month. FIG. 10B shows sales numbers 1003 to 1005 and seasonal indices 1006 to 1008 in each season every month. FIG. 11 is a bar graph visualizing the monthly index in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of a sales volume prediction method. FIG. 12 shows three patterns A to C according to the prediction time. Pattern A predicts the sales volume per day from the second week on the first Monday of January (for example, one day) based on the sales performance in November (5 days) and December (25 days) Shows when to do. In particular,
Sales volume per day after the second week of January
= {November result ÷ 1.25 × (5/30)
+ December results ÷ 1.48 × (25/30)}
÷ 30 × 0.65 (1)
It becomes.

Pattern B is the sales volume per day from the 4th week on the third Monday of January (for example, 15th) based on the sales performance in December (21 days) and January (9 days). Is to predict. In particular,
Daily sales volume from the 4th week of January
= {December result ÷ 1.48 × 0.7
+ January result ÷ 0.65 × 0.3)}
÷ 30 × 0.65 (2)
It becomes.

Further, Pattern C shows the sales volume per day from the fifth week on the fourth Monday of January (for example, the 22nd) based on the sales performance in December (15 days) and January (15 days). Is to predict. In particular,
Daily sales volume from the 5th week of January
= {December result ÷ 1.48 × 0.5
+ January result ÷ 0.65 × 0.5)}
÷ 30 × 0.65 (3)
It becomes. In this case, the sales volume per day in February is
Daily sales volume from the first week of February
= {December result ÷ 1.48 × 0.5
+ January result ÷ 0.65 × 0.5)}
÷ 30 × 0.86 (4)
It becomes.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining another example of the sales volume prediction method. The method shown in FIG. 13 does not predict the sales volume based on the results of the previous 30 days as shown in FIG. 12 above, but instead of the three previous seasons (in the case of FIG. , Mid and late), and the sales volume per day of the next week is predicted.
Note that when forecasting based on this “season”, since the actual 30-day results as shown in the pattern A in FIG. As shown in pattern B of FIG. 13, “season” is divided by 10 days including Sunday (only 8 days to 11 days in the end) (ie, 1 to 10 days, 11 to 20 days). , 21st-) It is good also as making prediction based on three "seasonal". Therefore, when this prediction method is applied to the case of the pattern A in FIG. 12 (the business days of the beginning, middle and late in this case are 8 days, 9 days and 7 days, respectively, b) using the December internal index in December)
Sales volume per day after the second week of January
= {Results of the beginning of December ÷ 0.91 ÷ 8 × (1/3)
+ Mid-December results ÷ 0.72 ÷ 9 × (1/3)
+ December late results ÷ 1.36 ÷ 7 × (1/3)}
× 0.65 (5)
It becomes.

Next, the operation of the product shipment management system 100 configured as described above will be described.
FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of work contents to be performed on weekdays of the previous week for performing the prediction work and shipping work for the next week.
FIG. 15 is a communication sequence diagram in the product shipment management system 100.
First, when the inventory management apparatus 10 receives data related to sales results from the sales management apparatus 30 (S1501), the inventory management apparatus 10 executes a sales volume prediction process (S1502) and a shipping volume determination process (S1503), and receives the shipping volume received from the factory 2. Is calculated. Further, the inventory management apparatus 10 executes a shipping stacking pattern determination process based on the calculated shipping amount, determines the number of necessary trucks and the stacking pattern (S1504), and notifies the shipping control apparatus 20 (S1505). .

FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the flow of the sales volume prediction process in FIG.
First, when the sales volume prediction unit 14 receives data related to the sales performance for each product number from the sales management device 30 (S1601: Yes), the prediction method (the method based on the sales performance of the last 30 days, the latest seasonal unit) The method based on the sales record is specified (S1602), and the daily sales volume of the next week is calculated (S1603).

FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the flow of the shipping amount determination process in FIG.
First, the overall control unit 12 aggregates the predicted sales volume calculated by the sales volume prediction unit 14 (S1701), and calculates the total number for each product number in the front warehouse (S1702).
Thereafter, the overall control unit 12 specifies to which group the front warehouse belongs, and notifies the shipment amount determination unit 15 of the group. Thereby, the shipping amount determination unit 15 calculates the total number of products to be replenished for each day of the week and each product number (S1703).

  Furthermore, the shipment quantity determination unit 15 checks the inventory quantity (S1704), and if the inventory quantity is below the order point (S1705: Yes), calculates the quantity to be shipped for each product number. The overall control unit 12 notifies the shipment control apparatus 20 of the quantity to be shipped calculated by the shipment amount determination unit 15 (S1706).

FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing the flow of the shipping stack pattern determination process in FIG.
First, when the quantity to be shipped is determined for each product number (S1801: Yes), the shipment stacking pattern determination unit 16 calculates the talent based on the product number and the number of all the products (S1802), Based on the calculated talent, the type, number and loading pattern of necessary trucks are determined (S1803).
As described above, by using the product shipment management system according to the present invention, the sales volume of individual products in the near future is predicted, and the quantity of products to be accepted by the front warehouse based on this sales volume is calculated. Since the quantity of merchandise is received from the factory, it is possible to avoid an excess or deficiency of merchandise in the front warehouse.

Furthermore, since the truck is arranged based on the total number of products to be received from the factory calculated as described above, the truck can be shipped with the minimum number of trucks.
In the above embodiment, an example has been described in which the sales volume for the next week is predicted based on the monthly index calculated from the sales results of the previous year or the index for the end of the month. The seasonal index for each summer, autumn and winter may be calculated, and the above prediction may be performed using (or further taking into account) this seasonal index.

  As described above, the merchandise shipment management system according to the present invention can be used for a distribution management system using a personal computer or the like connected by a network such as the Internet, in particular, from a factory using a truck or the like. It can be applied to a merchandise distribution management system that transports merchandise to a front warehouse.

It is a figure for demonstrating the outline | summary of the goods shipment management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the system configuration | structure of a goods shipment management system. It is a block diagram which shows the function structure of the inventory management apparatus in FIG. (A) is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the method of calculating the daily average sales volume of a specific goods in a sales volume estimation part. (B) is a figure for demonstrating the determination criteria at the time of making a shipping request from the inventory management device to the shipping control device in the shipping amount determination unit. It is a figure which shows an example of 13 front warehouses in the whole country set in this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the schedule at the time of shipping goods from a factory to the front warehouse of each group. It is a figure which shows the schedule relation of the quantity of goods to replenish in the front warehouse "Sendai" which belongs to "Monday and Wednesday group", and the amount of shipment. It is a figure which shows the schedule relationship of the quantity of the goods to supplement in the front warehouse "Komaki" which belongs to "Tuesday / Thursday group", and the amount of shipment. It is a figure which shows the schedule relationship of the quantity of the goods to supplement in the front warehouse "Kawasaki" which belongs to "Wednesday / Friday group", and the shipment quantity. (A) is the figure which showed an example of the monthly sales volume and monthly index in a certain household appliance. (B) is the figure which showed an example of the sales number according to the end of month and the index according to the end of month in the above-mentioned home appliances. It is the bar graph which visualized the monthly index in Fig.10 (a). It is a figure for demonstrating the specific example of the prediction method of sales volume. It is a figure for demonstrating the other example of the prediction method of sales volume. It is the figure which showed an example of the work content which should be performed on the weekday of the previous week for performing the prediction work and shipping work for the following week. It is a communication sequence diagram in a merchandise shipment management system. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the sales volume prediction process in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the shipping amount determination process in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the shipment loading pattern determination process in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Front warehouse 2 Factory 3 Dealer 10 Inventory management apparatus 11 Communication control part 12 Overall control part 13 Memory | storage part 14 Sales volume prediction part 15 Shipment quantity determination part 16 Shipment load pattern determination part 20 Shipment control apparatus 30 Sales management apparatus 50 Network 100 Product shipment management system

Claims (10)

An inventory management device in a warehouse that receives and stores a specific product from a predetermined factory as required,
Sales volume prediction means for calculating a predicted sales volume expected to be sold per day related to the specific product based on the sales volume in a predetermined period related to the product;
Inventory quantity specifying means for specifying an inventory quantity relating to the specific product;
A comparison means for comparing the specified inventory amount with a specific criterion considering the calculated predicted sales amount;
A shipping amount calculating means for calculating a shipping amount related to the product to be received from the factory based on the compared result;
An inventory management apparatus, comprising: a shipment request transmission unit configured to transmit information indicating that the product relating to the calculated shipment amount is to be accepted. The comparison means includes
The inventory management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a total of predicted sales amounts related to the specific product in a predetermined period is subtracted from the inventory amount, and the subtracted value is compared with the specific standard. The inventory management device further includes:
A talent calculating means for calculating the total talent of the product relating to the calculated shipping amount;
Based on the calculated total number of talents, the number of required trucks and the number of trucks calculating means for calculating the number of trucks,
The inventory management apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a notification unit configured to notify the calculated type and number of tracks. The sales volume in the predetermined period is
The inventory management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inventory management apparatus is an actual sales amount in the last 30 days. The sales volume in the predetermined period is
The inventory management apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inventory management apparatus is an actual sales amount in one or more latest predetermined seasons. An inventory management method for receiving and storing a specific product from a predetermined factory as required,
A sales volume prediction step of calculating a predicted sales volume expected to be sold per day related to the specific product based on a sales volume in a predetermined period related to the product;
An inventory quantity identifying step for identifying an inventory quantity relating to the specific product;
A comparison step of comparing the identified inventory quantity with a particular criterion that takes into account the calculated forecasted sales quantity;
A shipping amount calculating step for calculating a shipping amount related to the product to be received from the factory based on the compared result;
A shipment request transmitting step of transmitting information indicating that the product relating to the calculated shipment amount is to be accepted. In the comparison step,
The inventory management method according to claim 6, wherein a total of predicted sales amounts related to the specific product in a predetermined period is subtracted from the inventory amount, and the subtracted value is compared with the specific standard. The inventory management method further includes:
A talent calculating step of calculating the total talent of the product relating to the calculated shipment amount;
Based on the calculated total number of talents, the number of trucks required and the number of trucks calculating step for calculating the number of trucks;
The inventory management method according to claim 7, further comprising a notification step of notifying the calculated type and number of tracks. A program for an inventory management device in a warehouse that accepts and stores a specific product as required from a predetermined factory,
A sales volume prediction step of calculating a predicted sales volume expected to be sold per day related to the specific product based on a sales volume in a predetermined period related to the product;
An inventory quantity identifying step for identifying an inventory quantity relating to the specific product;
A comparison step of comparing the identified inventory quantity with a particular criterion that takes into account the calculated forecasted sales quantity;
A shipping amount calculating step for calculating a shipping amount related to the product to be received from the factory based on the compared result;
A shipment request transmission step of transmitting information indicating that the product relating to the calculated shipment amount is accepted. A sales management device that manages the sales volume of the products installed in the store, an inventory management device that manages the inventory of the products installed in the front warehouse, and a shipment that controls the shipment of the products installed in the factory A product shipment management system comprising a control device,
The sales management device is:
A coefficient means for counting the sales volume of a specific product over a specific period,
Transmission means for transmitting the information representing the specific product and the counted sales amount to the inventory management device;
The inventory management device comprises:
Receiving means for receiving the information representing the specific product and the counted sales amount from the sales management device;
Sales volume prediction means for calculating a predicted sales volume expected to be sold per day related to the specific product based on the received sales volume;
Inventory quantity specifying means for specifying an inventory quantity relating to the specific product;
A comparison means for comparing the specified inventory amount with a specific criterion considering the calculated predicted sales amount;
A shipping amount calculating means for calculating a shipping amount related to the product to be received from the factory based on the compared result;
Shipping request transmitting means for transmitting information indicating that the product relating to the calculated shipping amount is accepted,
The shipping control device
A merchandise shipment management system comprising shipping request receiving means for receiving the information from the inventory management device.

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