JP2005188429A - Rotating speed control mechanism of horizontal shaft type windmill for power generation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotating speed control mechanism of a horizontal shaft type windmill for power generation, capable of restraining an increase in a rotating speed, while continuing power generation, without using electricity in a strong wind. <P>SOLUTION: A blade 3 is divided into a tip side blade part 4 and a base end side blade part 5. The base end side blade part 5 is rotatably equipped to the tip side blade part 4 so as to reduce the wind receiving area of the blade around the axis turning in the radial line direction from the rotational center of the windmill, and a switching operation body 10 is also equipped. The switching operation body 10 checks rotation of the base end side blade part 5 by always engaging the base end side blade part 5 with the tip side blade part 4, and allows the rotation of the base end side blade part 5 by releasing engagement of the base end side blade part 5 with the tip side blade part 4, by being displaced outward in the radial line direction by centrifugal force, when the rotating speed of the windmill exceeds a predetermined rotating speed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotational speed control mechanism for a horizontal axis wind turbine for power generation.

  For example, in a small wind power generator using a propeller type windmill, if the wind speed of the propeller becomes higher than necessary due to strong winds, the amount of power generation becomes excessive and the load on the power generation unit becomes too large. In order to suppress this, control is performed such that the rotational speed of the windmill does not rise above a certain level during strong winds by means of electrical control or changing the direction of the windmill.

  However, electrical control may not work due to a power failure or battery exhaustion, and there is a problem that the continuation of power generation is hindered if the direction of the windmill is changed.

  In view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides a rotational speed control mechanism for a horizontal axis wind turbine for power generation that can suppress an increase in the rotational speed without using electricity in a strong wind and continuing power generation. It is an issue to provide.

The above problem is that the blade is divided into a plurality of blade portions in the radial direction, and a part of the divided blade portions is around the axis line facing the radial direction from the center of rotation of the windmill, and the wind receiving area of the blade So as to be able to rotate with respect to the remaining blade part, and
Normally, the rotatable blade part is engaged with the non-rotating part to prevent the rotatable blade part from rotating, and when the rotational speed of the windmill exceeds the predetermined rotational speed, the centrifugal force causes the radial line outward. Rotation of a horizontal axis wind turbine for power generation, characterized in that it is provided with a switching operation body that displaces and disengages the rotatable blade portion and the non-rotating portion to allow rotation of the rotatable blade portion. Solved by a number control mechanism.

  In this control mechanism, when the rotational speed of the windmill exceeds a predetermined rotational speed due to strong wind, the switching operation body is displaced radially outward by centrifugal force, and the engagement between the rotatable blade portion and the non-rotating portion is performed. When the rotatable blade portion is released and rotated by the wind pressure, the wind receiving area of the blade is reduced, thereby suppressing an increase in the rotational speed of the windmill due to the strong wind. Moreover, since the operation is performed by the movement of the switching operation body by the centrifugal force, the rotation speed is controlled automatically, and no electricity is required. In addition, even after the rotatable blade portion is rotated by the strong wind, the remaining non-rotating blade portion receives wind, so the windmill can continue to rotate and can continue to generate power.

  In the above-described rotation speed control mechanism, an urging means may be provided for rotating the rotatable blade portion back against the wind pressure when the rotation speed of the windmill becomes equal to or less than the predetermined rotation speed.

  In this case, when the wind speed decreases and the rotation speed of the windmill decreases, the urging force of the urging means overcomes the wind pressure and returns the rotatable blade part to the original position, increasing the wind receiving area of the blade and improving the efficiency. Good power generation is resumed. In addition, since the return operation is automatically performed according to the balance between the urging force by the urging means and the wind pressure, no electricity is required for the return operation.

In addition, the above problem is that the blade is divided into a plurality of blade portions in the radial direction, and a part of the divided blade portions are received around the axis line in the radial direction from the center of rotation of the windmill. So as to be able to rotate with respect to the remaining blade part so as to reduce the wind area, and
At all times, the rotatable blade portion is held in the same direction as the non-rotating blade portion by the urging force, and when the rotational speed of the windmill exceeds the predetermined rotational speed, the urging force loses the wind pressure and can rotate. This is similarly solved by a rotational speed control mechanism for a horizontal axis wind turbine for power generation, which is provided with an urging means that allows the rotational displacement of the power generation.

  Since the present invention is as described above, it is possible to suppress an increase in the number of revolutions without using electricity at the time of a strong wind and continuing power generation. Moreover, when the wind speed decreases, efficient and efficient power generation can be resumed without using electricity.

  Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The horizontal shaft type wind turbine 1 for power generation according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 includes a propeller type wind turbine as shown in FIG. 3 (a), and the propeller 2 includes a plurality of propellers 2 extending in the radial direction. The blades 3 are each divided into two blade portions of a distal end blade portion 4 and a proximal end blade portion 5 in the radial direction. As shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 1 (b) and 1 (b), the tip side blade portion 4 is integrated with the rotor head side 6 and the shaft portion 7 as a non-rotating portion or a non-rotating blade portion. The base end side blade portion 5 is rotatably held by the shaft portion 7 as a rotatable blade portion. As shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B), the base end side blade portion 5 When the part 5 is rotationally displaced, the wind receiving area of each blade 3 is increased or decreased.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), in the facing portion between the distal end side blade portion 4 and the proximal end side blade portion 5, the proximal end surface portion of the distal end side blade portion 4 is positioned on both sides sandwiching the shaft portion 7. Then, the bottomed holes 8 and 8 whose depth direction extends in the radial direction of the propeller 2 are opened, and the switching actuators 10 and 10 are provided in the holes 8 and 8 so as to be able to protrude and retract, and the proximal blade The front end surface of the portion 5 is provided with recesses 11, 11 for engaging the switching actuators 10, 10, and the proximal end of the switching actuator 10 is advanced from the bottomed hole 8 into the recess 11. The side blade portion 5 is restrained by the distal end side blade portion 4 and is prevented from rotating, and the switching operation body 10 retreats from the inside of the recess 11, whereby the proximal end side blade portion 5 restrains the distal end side blade portion 4 from being restrained. It is released so that it can rotate freely.

  And in order to make each switching operation body 10 perform said advance / retreat operation | movement, as an urging means which urges the switching operation body 10 to an advancing direction between the switching operation body 10 and the deep bottom part of the bottomed hole 8. FIG. A spring 9 is interposed, and normally, that is, when the rotation speed of the propeller 2 is within an allowable range, the switching actuator 10 is moved into the recess 11 by the urging force of the spring 9 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 4 (b) and 4 (c), when the rotation of the base end blade portion 5 is prevented while maintaining the state where the propeller 2 has been advanced and the rotation speed of the propeller 2 exceeds the allowable rotation speed limit, In addition, the switching operation body 10 is configured such that the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the propeller 2 overcomes the biasing force of the spring 9 and retreats from the inside of the recess 11 so that the rotation of the proximal end blade portion 5 is allowed.

  In the above-described rotation speed control mechanism, when the wind speed is within the allowable range, the switching operating body 10 is moved into the recess 11 by the urging force of the spring 9 as shown in FIGS. By being held in the state where it has advanced to the inside, the proximal end blade portion 5 faces the same direction as the distal end side blade portion 4, and normal and efficient power generation is performed.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (b) and 4 (b) (c), when the rotation speed of the propeller 2 exceeds a predetermined allowable rotation speed due to a strong wind, the switching actuator 10 is attached to the spring 9. Retreating from the inside of the recess 11 by centrifugal force against the force and rotating the proximal blade portion 5 by wind pressure reduces the wind receiving area of the blade 3, thereby rotating the rotational speed of the windmill 1 due to strong wind. An excessive rise in the amount is suppressed. In that case, each blade 3 only reduces the wind receiving area, and the tip side blade portion 4 can sufficiently receive the wind, so that the rotation of the propeller 2 does not stop, and the strong wind Even below, efficient power generation is continued within a reasonable range. Of course, since this switching is performed by using the centrifugal force of the switching operation body 10 by the rotation of the propeller 2, no electricity is required for the switching timing and operation.

  Although the rotation of the base end side blade portion 5 may be free, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 (B) and 5 (A) (B), A protrusion 12 is provided on the rotor head side 6 at the part facing the rotor head side 6, and comes into contact with the protrusion 12 when the proximal blade part 5 rotates to a predetermined position to reduce the wind receiving area. The free rotation of the end side blade part 5 is restricted, so that it is possible to suppress or prevent the base end side blade part 5 from wobbling due to free rotation under strong wind. Has been made.

  The horizontal shaft type wind turbine 1 for power generation according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is configured such that when the rotational speed is less than the predetermined rotational speed from a state where the rotational speed exceeds the allowable limit, the proximal blade section 5 is moved. A second spring 13 is provided as a second urging means for returning and rotating against the wind pressure. As shown in the figure, the second spring 13 may be provided in the shaft hole of the base end side blade part 5, and although not shown, at the facing part of the rotor head side 6 and the base end side blade part 5. The recess space provided in either one or both may be installed. Others are the same as the windmill 1 of 1st Embodiment. Note that the wobbling prevention protrusion 12 in the wind turbine 1 of the first embodiment may be provided or omitted.

  In the windmill 1 of the present embodiment, when the rotational speed of the propeller 2 exceeds a predetermined allowable rotational speed due to a strong wind, and the switching operation body 10 is retracted from the recess 11 by centrifugal force, the proximal blade section 5 is By rotating with the wind pressure against the urging force of the two springs 13, the wind receiving area of the blade 3 is reduced, thereby suppressing an excessive increase in the rotational speed of the wind turbine 1 due to the strong wind.

  When the strong wind subsides and the wind speed decreases, the urging force of the second spring 13 overcomes the wind pressure and the proximal blade portion 5 returns, and the switching operating body 10 is urged by the urging force of the first spring 9. When the advancing and returning operation is performed, the switching operation body 10 protrudes into the recess 11 of the proximal end blade portion 5, and the proximal end blade portion 5 is restricted to rotate in the state of facing the windward like the distal end side blade portion 4. The wind receiving area of the blade 3 is increased, and the original efficient power generation is resumed. The switching to the returning operation is also automatically performed using a balance relationship between the centrifugal force of the switching operating body 10 due to the rotation of the propeller 2, the wind pressure, and the urging forces of the first and second springs 9 and 13. Therefore, electricity is not required for switching timing and operation. In addition, even when the switching operation body 10 returns prior to the return of the proximal end blade portion 5, the switching operation body 10 is illustrated so that it can enter the recess 11 of the proximal end blade portion 5. As described above, the tip of the switching operation body 10 may be formed in a spherical shape or the like.

  Further, in the present embodiment, when the second spring 13 as described above is employed, when the predetermined rotational speed exceeding the allowable limit is exceeded, the rotational speed is determined by the balance between the biasing force of the second spring 13 and the wind pressure. The rotation angle of the base end side blade portion 5 is automatically adjusted according to the size of. That is, when the allowable rotational speed is slightly exceeded, the rotational angle of the base end side blade portion 5 is also slight, and when the allowable rotational speed is greatly exceeded, the rotational angle of the base end side blade portion 5 is also large. Thereby, the angle of the base end side blade part 5 is adjusted according to the strength of the wind under strong wind, and efficient power generation can be realized.

  In the second embodiment, the first spring 9, the switching operation body 10, the bottomed hole 8, and the recess 11 may be omitted (third embodiment). In other words, when the wind speed is within an allowable range, the second spring 13 has a function to hold the proximal end blade portion 5 so that the proximal end blade portion 5 is oriented in the same direction as the distal end blade portion 4. Number control can be realized with a simple structure.

  The horizontal axis wind turbine 1 for power generation according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is similar to the wind turbine of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. The slope part 14 which continues the recess 11 is provided in the front end surface part. The inclined surface portion 14 is extended along a path along which the switching operation body 10 moves in accordance with the rotation of the base end blade portion 5, as shown in FIGS. It is formed so as to be shallower than the recess 11 and gradually become shallower as the distance from the recess 11 increases.

  In the wind turbine 1, when the wind turbine rotation speed exceeds a permissible limit due to a strong wind, the following operation is performed according to the extent of the rotation. In other words, if the degree of excess is small, the switching actuator 10 has a recess 11 as shown in FIG. 8 (a) due to the balance between the centrifugal force of the switching actuator 10 and the biasing force of the first spring 9 described above. Even if the base end side blade portion 5 moves to the place where it can be withdrawn from the inside and is rotationally displaced by the wind pressure, the tip end portion of the switching operation body 10 is located at the deep side of the slope portion 14, so that the base end The rotational displacement of the side blade portion 5 is suppressed to a slight displacement amount.

  When the degree of excess exceeds a little, as shown in FIGS. 8B and 8C, the switching operation body 10 is further retracted by the centrifugal force, and the rotational displacement of the proximal end blade portion 5 is advanced by the wind pressure. However, since the distal end portion of the switching operation body 10 is located at a shallow position of the slope portion 14, the rotation of the base end blade portion 5 is not completely free. It is regulated by. FIG. 7 (c) shows a case where the level of strong wind is large, and the rotation of the base end blade portion 5 is free.

  Thus, even by providing the slope portion 14 as described above, the angle of the proximal blade portion 5 can be adjusted according to the strength of the wind under strong wind, and efficient power generation is realized. can do.

The first embodiment is shown, and FIGS. 1A and 1B are perspective views showing the movement of the rotatable blade blade. Drawing (a) and figure (b) are front views which show the operating state of a windmill, respectively. Fig. 1 (a) is a front view of the windmill, and Fig. (B) is a sectional view of the blade. FIGS. 1A to 1C are cross-sectional views showing the operating state of the switching operation body. Fig. (A) is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I in Fig. 3 (b), and Fig. (B) is a cross-sectional view showing an operating state. The 2nd Embodiment is shown and it is a sectional view of a blade. FIG. 3A shows a third embodiment, FIG. 1A is a plan view showing a tip surface of a rotatable blade portion, FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1A, and FIG. It is the same sectional view showing an example of an operation state. Drawing (a)-figure (c) are sectional views showing other examples of an operating state, respectively.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Propeller type windmill (horizontal axis type windmill)
3 ... Blade 4 ... Blade on the tip (non-rotating blade)
5. Base end side blade part (rotatable blade part)
10 ... Switching body 13 ... Second spring (biasing means)

Claims (3)

The blade is divided into a plurality of blade portions in the radial direction, and a part of the divided blade portions reduces the wind receiving area of the blade around an axis line in the radial direction from the rotation center of the windmill. , Provided rotatably with respect to the remaining blade part, and
Normally, the rotatable blade part is engaged with the non-rotating part to prevent the rotatable blade part from rotating, and when the rotational speed of the windmill exceeds the predetermined rotational speed, the centrifugal force causes the radial line outward. Rotation of a horizontal axis wind turbine for power generation, characterized in that it is provided with a switching operation body that displaces and disengages the rotatable blade portion and the non-rotating portion to allow rotation of the rotatable blade portion. Number control mechanism.   The horizontal axis wind turbine for power generation according to claim 1, further comprising a biasing means for rotating the rotatable blade portion back against the wind pressure when the rotation speed of the wind turbine becomes equal to or less than the predetermined rotation speed. Rotational speed control mechanism. The blade is divided into a plurality of blade portions in the radial direction, and a part of the divided blade portions reduces the wind receiving area of the blade around an axis line in the radial direction from the rotation center of the windmill. , Provided rotatably with respect to the remaining blade part, and
At all times, the rotatable blade portion is held in the same direction as the non-rotating blade portion by the urging force, and when the rotational speed of the windmill exceeds the predetermined rotational speed, the urging force loses the wind pressure and is rotatable. An urging means for allowing the rotational displacement of the horizontal axis wind turbine for power generation is provided.

Images