JP2005188018A - Fabric and sportswear - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fabric having lower resistance to fluids such as water than that of the fabrics obtained by using conventional technologies. <P>SOLUTION: The fabrics are (1) a fabric comprising two or more kinds of synthetic fiber multifilaments, having different section forms, and elastic yarns, wherein the synthetic fiber multifilaments having two or more kinds of different section forms are set like stripes and the fabric is processed by water-repellent treatment, (2) the fabric whose at least two kinds of fibers of the synthetic fiber multifilaments have different modified cross section degree each other, (3) the fabric whose two kinds of fibers having different modified cross section degree have 1-8 modified cross section degree difference, (4) the fabric whose at least two kinds of fibers of the synthetic fiber multifilaments have different peripheral length degrees each other, (5) the fabric whose two kinds of fibers having differnt peripheral length degree have ≥1.1 peripheral length ratio (larger peripheral length degree/smaller peripheral length degree), and (6) the fabric whose one of the synthetic fiber multifilaments has ≤120° angle dent part on the section of the fiber. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention is a sports clothing field for which resistance to water and air becomes a problem, for example, sports clothing such as swimming wear for swimming, athletics wear, ski or ski jumping wear, speed skate wear, cycling wear, etc. The present invention relates to a suitable fabric and sportswear using the same.

In the field of sports clothing for competitions that compete for speed, various approaches have been studied to reduce the resistance of the fabric itself to fluids such as water and air, and to reduce the resistance to fluids by designing clothing and the like. As a method of reducing the resistance of the fabric itself to water and air, a method of smoothing the surface, for example, a method of pressing with a heat calender roll or a hot plate, a film or the like is laminated on a fabric used for swimming swimsuits, etc. Methods are known.
Specifically, Patent Document 1 discloses a fabric having a very small standard deviation of surface roughness, in which a metallic thin film layer and resin processing are applied in addition to pressing by a calender roll.
Patent Documents 2 to 7 disclose various resistance-reducing fabrics in which grooves and protrusions are provided in the fabric in a direction parallel to the fluid flow to rectify the fluid flow.
Furthermore, Patent Documents 8 and 9 disclose a method of imparting a combination of water repellency and hydrophilicity to a fabric in order to reduce eddy resistance between the fluid and the fabric.
However, Patent Documents 8 and 9 have a problem that the non-water-repellent part is partially included, so that the non-water-repellent part is likely to contain water, and when worn as a swimsuit, the water becomes heavier and the resistance increases. there were. In addition, the above-described conventional techniques are all characterized by a fabric as a collection of yarns, and the difference in fluid resistance due to the difference in the fine structure of the yarns constituting the fabric has not been considered.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-279038 JP-A-3-137203 JP-A-3-137204 JP 7-243104 A JP-A-8-246209 JP 9-31721 A JP-A-11-152610 JP-A-8-311751 JP-A-9-49107

  The subject of this invention is providing the fabric and sportswear which can solve the problem of the said prior art and can make resistance with respect to fluids, such as air and water, lower.

In light of the above problems, the present inventors have repeatedly studied paying attention to the difference in resistance due to the fine structure of the yarn constituting the fabric, and as a result, by using synthetic fiber multifilaments having different cross-sectional shapes in a stripe shape, The inventors have found that the effect of reducing the fluid resistance is further increased, and have completed the present invention.
That is, the invention claimed in the present application is as follows.

(1) A fabric composed of two or more types of synthetic fiber multifilaments and elastic yarns having different cross-sectional shapes, wherein the two or more types of synthetic fiber multifilaments having different cross-sectional shapes are arranged in a stripe shape, and water repellent A fabric that is processed.
(2) The fabric according to (1), wherein at least two kinds of fibers of the synthetic fiber multifilament are fibers having different degrees of atypicality.
(3) The fabric according to (2), wherein the difference in the degree of atypical difference between the two types of fibers having different degrees of atypicality is 1 to 8.
(4) The fabric according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein at least two kinds of fibers of the synthetic fiber multifilament are fibers having different circumferential lengths.
(5) The fabric according to (4), wherein the ratio of the circumferential lengths of the two types of fibers having different circumferential lengths (larger circumferential length / smaller circumferential length) is 1.1 or more.
(6) The fabric according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein any of the fibers of the synthetic fiber multifilament has a recess having an angle of 120 degrees or less in the fiber cross section.
(7) The fabric according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the synthetic fiber multifilament is a polyester fiber.
(8) The fabric according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein a width of the stripe is 2 to 20 mm.
(9) The fabric according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the fabric is calendered.
(10) Sportswear, wherein the fabric according to any one of (1) to (9) is used at least in part.
(11) The sportswear characterized in that the fabric according to any one of (1) to (10) is used so that two or more types of multifilament stripes having different cross-sectional shapes are in the body length direction. .

  According to the fabric and sportswear of the present invention, since the fibers having different cross-sectional shapes exist in a stripe shape, the flow speed of the fluid can be changed in this portion, and it is more resistant to water and air than the fabric obtained by the conventional technology. Resistance becomes small, resistance reduction effect with respect to fluid increases, and durability by washing or use can be improved. Further, when the fabric is dyed, a color difference due to a difference in cross-sectional shape is generated, and a fabric rich in design can be obtained.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Generally, when the fabric surface is smooth and the surface roughness of the fabric is small, the fluid resistance of the fabric surface is reduced, and when the flow is rectified by providing grooves or protrusions on the fabric in a direction parallel to the fluid flow It is known that the effect of reducing fluid resistance is increased.
In the present invention, unlike the conventional effect of reducing unevenness at the fabric level, threads having different cross-sectional shapes are used in stripes, so that the fluid resistance can be further reduced. The mechanism by which the fluid resistance is reduced by making stripes with different cross-sectional shapes into stripes is not always clear, but when an object travels in water or in the air, a swirl flow is generated around it and the progress is blocked. It is presumed that the size of the spiral flow is reduced and the fluid resistance is reduced by the fine irregularities formed by stripes of yarns having different shapes.

The fabric of the present invention is composed of two or more types of synthetic fiber multifilaments and elastic yarns having different cross-sectional shapes, and two or more types of fibers having different cross-sectional shapes are used for the synthetic fiber multifilaments.
Here, the fibers having different cross-sectional shapes refer to fibers having different circumferential lengths per unit area (hereinafter simply referred to as circumferential length) and / or fibers having different atypicalities. The circumferential length is represented by the ratio of the circumferential length when the circumferential length of the round cross-section yarn having the same cross-sectional area is 1, and the circumferential length increases as the flatness of the yarn or the yarn having irregularities on the surface increases. The degree of atypicality is represented by the ratio (major axis / minor axis) of the major axis (the diameter of the longest part) and the minor axis (major axis and vertical axis) of the cross section of the single yarn fiber.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the peripheral lengths of at least two kinds of fibers of the synthetic fiber multifilament are different. When the fiber having the smaller circumference is A and the fiber having the larger circumference is B, the ratio of the circumference of A and B (peripheral length of B / perimeter of A) is 1.1 or more. Preferably, it is 1.2 or more. Further, from the viewpoint of further reducing the fluid resistance, it is preferable that the circumference of B is 1.2 or more.
The difference in perimeter is manifested by differences in the flatness of each fiber, the presence or absence of irregularities, the number or shape of the fibers, etc., but if the fiber cross section of B has irregularities, the water repellent is better placed and the water repellent performance This is preferable because of improving the durability. In particular, it is more preferable to have a recess having an angle of at least one recess of 120 degrees or less. The angle here refers to the angle of the bottom of the recess when a triangle is formed by connecting both contact points with the cross-section when a tangent is drawn to the cross-sectional outline in the recess of the fiber cross section and the bottom of the recess.

  In addition, it is preferable that at least two kinds of fibers in the synthetic fiber multifilament have different degrees of deformation. The difference in the degree of atypical difference between the two types of fibers is preferably 1 to 8, more preferably from the viewpoint of increasing the effect of reducing fluid resistance due to the difference in the degree of atypical when yarns having different atypical degrees are arranged in stripes. Is 2-5. If the difference in the degree of profile is less than 1, the effect of reducing the size of the generated vortex due to the difference in profile, that is, the effect of reducing the fluid resistance is reduced. The strength tends to decrease. Moreover, since a bending stress will become small and a fabric will become soft when atypical degree is large, the comfort when it wears as clothes improves.

There are no particular limitations on the fiber cross-sectional shape of the synthetic multifilament used in the present invention, and irregular yarns such as round, triangular, W, V, T, flat eight leaf, dogbone, and dumpling Alternatively, these hollow fibers or the like are used, but it is preferable to combine a fiber close to a round shape and having a peripheral length and / or atypical degree close to 1 and a fiber having a large peripheral length and / or atypical degree. Atypical cross-section fibers such as W-type, V-type, dogbone type, and ∞-type are more preferable because both the circumferential length and the atypical degree are large and the cross section has at least one concave portion with an angle of 120 degrees or less. In particular, the W type and the ∞ type have recesses and have a high degree of atypia, so that excellent effects can be obtained.
In the present invention, two types of synthetic fiber multifilaments having different cross-sectional shapes may be used, but three or more types of synthetic fiber multifilaments may be arranged in a stripe shape. In this case, it is preferable that the two types of synthetic fiber multifilaments having a wide stripe width have the above-described profile difference and / or circumferential length ratio.

The fiber material of the synthetic fiber multifilament used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a multifilament fiber such as polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, and polyurethane can be used, and one or many kinds of filament yarns can be used. Although it can be used, it is preferable to use a polyester-based multifilament in order to enhance the smoothness and reduce the fluid resistance by calendering described later.
There is no limitation in particular in the elastic yarn used for this invention, For example, a polyurethane fiber, a polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber, a polybutylene terephthalate fiber etc. are used suitably. These fibers are used by knitting or knitting, but a two-way tricot is preferably used particularly from the viewpoint of stretchability.

There are no particular limitations on the total fineness and single yarn fineness of the yarn used in the fabric, and usually a fineness having a total fineness of 33 to 167 dtex and a single yarn fineness of 0.5 to 5 dtex is preferably used.
In the present invention, two or more types of multifilaments having different cross-sectional shapes are used in a stripe shape. The stripe shape referred to here means a stripe shape, which means that the stripes are arranged substantially in parallel with a certain width. The width of the stripe is preferably 2 to 20 mm, more preferably 3 to 10 mm, but two types of multifilaments having different cross-sectional shapes can be striped within this range, and the width of other multifilaments can be 2 mm or less. It is. The fabric may be either a knitted fabric or a woven fabric, and the stripes of two or more types of multifilaments having different cross-sectional shapes may be formed in either the warp or the weft direction of the fabric, and the method is not particularly limited.

Furthermore, the fabric of the present invention is water-repellent. By this water repellent treatment, the water content of the fabric is reduced, and the resistance value corresponding to the moisture content can be reduced as compared with the case where the water repellent finish is not applied. The water repellent treatment is preferably performed on the entire surface where two or more kinds of synthetic fiber multifilaments are arranged in a stripe shape.
In the fabric of the present invention, since synthetic fiber multifilaments having different cross-sectional shapes are used, a fiber having a large peripheral length and / or atypical degree, particularly a concave portion including irregularities on the fiber surface and having at least one angle of 120 degrees or less. In the case of having a water repellent, the water repellent is easily placed on the uneven portion of the yarn applied during the water repellent processing, and a high water repellent effect can be obtained as compared with a multifilament having a small degree of irregularity.

  For this reason, when the fabric is used as sportswear, there is a difference in the water repellency level between two or more types of synthetic fiber multifilaments having different cross-sectional shapes arranged in stripes, and the speed of water flow on the fabric surface is increased. A difference occurs and hinders the growth of vortices, so sportswear with a large resistance reduction effect can be obtained. In particular, even if washing is repeated or used in water, etc., fibers having a large peripheral length and / or irregularity, particularly fibers having concaves and convexes on the fiber surface and at least one angle of 120 degrees or less Since the water repellent is less likely to fall off and the water repellency is less likely to decrease, an excellent effect of reducing fluid resistance can be obtained for a long period of time.

Although there is no limitation in particular in the water-repellent processing agent used for water-repellent processing, water-repellent agents, such as a fluorine type and a silicon type, are used suitably. After these processing agents are attached and dried by a dip nip method or the like, heat treatment is preferably performed at 160 ° C. to 180 ° C. in order to enhance the water repellent effect.
Further, by performing calendar processing in addition to water repellent processing, a fluid resistance reduction effect due to smoothness is also added, and a further fluid reduction effect can be obtained.

When the fabric of the present invention is used for sportswear, it is preferable to use the stripe so that it is parallel to the body length direction in order to exert a great fluid resistance reduction effect. In consideration of the fit, for example, stripes may be used so as to be inclined in the body length direction in portions such as the chest and the buttocks with protrusions.
The fabric of the present invention is preferably used for the entire sportswear, but another fabric may be used for a part depending on the design of the sportswear. For example, when used for swimsuits, particularly competition swimsuits, it is preferably used for 20% or more of the overall clothing area, particularly preferably 50% or more, in order to reduce the resistance of water. In particular, it is preferably used for a chest, a buttock, etc. where water flow resistance is easily applied. Furthermore, in the case of sportswear that is subject to air resistance, such as athletics wear, it is preferably used on the entire surface of clothes, particularly the chest and thighs.

An example of a swimsuit using the fabric of the present invention is shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 2 is a view showing the front and back of the swimsuit according to the present invention, but the swimsuit stripe is used mainly in the body length direction, but the chest and hips, which are protruding parts of the body, are straps. Is used so as to be inclined in the body length direction.
The fabric of the present invention can be post-processed such as dyeing by a known method. If two or more kinds of fibers having different cross-sectional shapes used in the fabric of the present invention have a difference in dyeability, a color difference is produced in the stripe without taking a special method, and a fabric rich in design is obtained. Can do.
According to the fabric of the present invention and sportswear using the fabric, the resistance to water and air can be reduced because the flow speed of the fluid changes due to the unevenness formed by the difference in the fiber structure constituting the fabric. The effect of reducing fluid resistance can be obtained. In addition, when the fabric is dyed, a color difference due to a difference in the degree of atypicality is generated, so that a fabric having high design properties can be obtained. The fabric of the present invention is suitably used for athletics, skiing, skating, particularly ski jumping wear, speed skating wear, cycling wear, etc., in addition to swimming swimsuits.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The evaluation in the examples was performed by the following method.
1) Atypical degree A cross-sectional photograph of the fabric is taken, and from the cross-sectional photograph, the major axis (longest diameter) and minor axis (major axis and perpendicular diameter) of the single yarn fiber constituting the fabric are read. The minor axis was calculated.
2) Peripheral length of the cross section of the yarn A cross section photograph of the fabric is taken, the cross section length and the cross sectional area of the single yarn fiber constituting the fabric are calculated from the cross section photograph, and the round cross section yarn having the same cross section area. It was calculated by dividing by the circumference of.
3) Concave portion of the yarn cross section When a cross-sectional photograph of the fabric is taken, and the cross-section of the single yarn fiber constituting the fabric has unevenness from the cross-sectional photograph, each of the adjacent convex portions and the concave portions between them among the unevenness of the fiber cross section The angle of the recess when the apex is connected to form a triangle is measured, and when the angle is 120 degrees or less, the recess is defined.

4) Fluid resistance The fluid resistance was measured based on the apparatus and measurement method described in Example 1 of JP-A-7-63749. That is, it was performed using the fluid resistance measuring apparatus shown in FIG. However, the flow rate was changed to 74L.
The apparatus includes an inclined flow path 4 through which a fluid flows, a fixture 2 around which a fabric sample 3 is attached, placed in the flow of fluid in the inclined flow path 4, and buried and floated in the fluid; A yarn 1 having a tip attached to the fixture 2 through the inside of the inclined channel 4 from the upper side of the inclined channel 4 and a measuring instrument 5 to which the rear end of the yarn 1 is attached and which measures the tension of the yarn 1 And. In this apparatus, a fabric sample 3 is attached around a fixture 2 to which a yarn 1 is attached, and the fixture 2 is supported by the yarn 1 and placed in a fluid flow. The fixture 2 is buried and floated in the fluid. In addition, the fluid resistance of the fabric is measured from the tension of the yarn 1 when the yarn 1 is stretched substantially in the fluid flow direction.
Specifically, an acrylic circular pipe having a diameter of 3 cm and a length of 1.5 m and provided with a branch pipe at an upper position of 30 cm is inclined and installed at 15 degrees as an inclined flow path. Water is poured from the water supply at a flow rate of 74 liters / min. A hemispherical silicone rubber cap is attached to both ends of an aluminum circular tube (appearance specific gravity 0.68 g / cm) having a diameter of 1.6 cm and a length of 16 cm. A sample is wound around a fixture to which a polyester monofilament yarn having a length of 150 denier and a length of 120 cm is attached, and the sample is placed in an acrylic tube and measured.
As a tension measuring instrument, a push-pull gauge manufactured by Aiko Co., Ltd. is used by attaching it to a polyester monofilament thread. The sample is cut into a 4.5cm x 14.5cm fabric, sewn into a tubular shape, and attached to the fixture, and adhesive tape is attached to both ends. Wrap and fix.
5) A feeling of wearing A one-piece type swimsuit was prepared and allowed to be worn by a swimmer to examine the feeling of wearing. Those that could swim faster than before were evaluated as ○, and those that felt the same or slower than before were evaluated as ×.

[Example 1]
35% by mass of trigonal cross section polyester (56 dtex) having a degree of irregularity of 1.3 and a circumferential length of 1.1 per unit area of the yarn cross section on the front end of the tricot knitting machine and a degree of irregularity of 3.8 per unit area of the yarn cross section 35% by mass of a W-shaped cross-section polyester (56 dtex) having a recess with a peripheral length of 1.4 is fed in a stripe shape with a width of 5 mm each. , 10 mass% of round cross-section polyester (56 dtex) per unit area of the yarn cross-section is supplied so as to be arranged with a width of 1 mm, and 20 mass% of spandex (44 dtex) is supplied to the back heel, 36GG A tricot knitted fabric was produced. After a normal dyeing process, a fluorine-based water repellent was adhered and dried by a dip nip method, heat treatment was performed at 170 ° C., and fluid resistance was measured. In addition, a swimsuit in which stripes were arranged in the body length direction was produced using this fabric, and was worn by a swimmer, and the wearing feeling was examined.
The results of measuring the fluid resistance of this fabric are shown in Table 1. In the table, the fluid resistance was a value obtained by subtracting the tension of 70 g when measured without wearing the fabric, and the vertical direction, that is, the stripe direction was parallel to the water flow direction.
The fabric obtained in Example 1 had low fluid resistance, and it was confirmed that it was able to swim quickly even when worn.

[Example 2]
A fabric obtained by calendering the knitted fabric of Example 1 at 180 ° C. was produced, and the same measurement as in Example 1 was performed. As a result, the fabric of Example 2 was a fabric having a remarkably small resistance to running water, with the addition of a surface smoothing effect.

[Example 3]
In a knitting machine similar to that in Example 1, 30% by mass of a nylon 66 (70 dtex) yarn having a circular shape with a profile of 1 and a circumferential length of 1 per unit area of the yarn cross section was 6 mm wide, a profile of 2.8, Nylon 66 yarn (70 dtex) with a recess of 1.3 perimeter per unit area, 50% by mass of nylon 66 yarn (70 dtex) in a 10 mm width stripe, and 32 GG tricot knitted with 20% by mass of spandex (40 dtex) A ground was prepared, and after a normal dyeing process, a fluorinated water repellent was adhered and dried by a dip nip method, heat treatment was performed at 170 ° C., and the same measurement as in Example 1 was performed. The results of measuring the fluid resistance of this fabric are shown in Table 1. The fabric obtained in Example 3 had a low fluid resistance, and it was confirmed that it was able to swim quickly even when worn.

[Comparative Example 1]
A fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that all the yarns of the tricot knitted fabric of Example 1 used a round cross-section polyester filament (56 dtex) having a profile of 1 and a circumference of 1 per unit area of the yarn cross section. The same evaluation was performed and the results are shown in Table 1. As a result, it was a swimsuit with high fluid resistance, no color change, and poor design.

[Comparative Example 2]
Example 1 All the yarns of the tricot knitted fabric of Example 1 were the same as Example 1 except that W cross-section polyester filaments (56 dtex) having recesses with a profile degree of 3.8 and a circumferential length of 1.4 per unit area of the yarn cross section were used. Fabrics were prepared and evaluated in the same manner, and the results are shown in Table 1. The results were shown in Table 1, but they were swimsuits with high fluid resistance, no color change, and poor design.

[Comparative Example 3]
Table 1 shows the results of a similar evaluation performed on the tricot knitted fabric of Example 1 without subjecting it to water-repellent finishing. It was a swimsuit with large fluid resistance and heavy wearing feeling.

[Comparative Example 4]
Fabrics were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the tricot knitted fabric was produced with three sheets so that the two types of atypical cross-section fibers of Example 1 had a 10 mm width lattice pattern, and the same evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 1. It was a swimsuit with high fluid resistance.

  Since the fabric of the present invention uses fibers having different special cross-sectional shapes, the flow speed of the fluid changes, the resistance to water and air is small, and when the fabric is dyed, it depends on the difference in circumference or atypical degree. Since a fabric having a color difference and having a high design property can be obtained, it can be suitably used as a sportswear such as a swimsuit for swimming, an athletic wear, skiing, especially a ski jumping wear.

Explanatory drawing of a fluid resistance measuring apparatus. The figure which shows the front and back of the swimsuit in which the fabric of this invention was used.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Yarn, 2 ... Fixture, 3 ... Fabric sample, 4 ... Inclined flow path, 5 ... Measuring device, 6 ... Mount, 7 ... Branch pipe, 8 ... Fluid supply pipe, 9 ... Valve.

Claims (11)

  A fabric comprising two or more types of synthetic fiber multifilaments and elastic yarns having different cross-sectional shapes, wherein the two or more types of synthetic fiber multifilaments having different cross-sectional shapes are arranged in a stripe shape and are water-repellent processed The fabric characterized by having.   The fabric according to claim 1, wherein at least two kinds of fibers of the synthetic fiber multifilament are fibers having different degrees of atypicality.   The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the difference in the degree of atypical difference between the two types of fibers having different atypical degrees is 1 to 8.   The fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least two types of fibers of the synthetic fiber multifilament are fibers having different circumferential lengths.   5. The fabric according to claim 4, wherein a ratio of peripheral lengths of two kinds of fibers having different peripheral lengths (larger peripheral length / smaller peripheral length) is 1.1 or more.   The fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein any one of the fibers of the synthetic fiber multifilament has a concave portion having an angle of 120 degrees or less in the fiber cross section.   The fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the synthetic fiber multifilament is a polyester fiber.   The cloth according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a width of the stripe is 2 to 20 mm.   The fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fabric is calendered.   Sportswear, wherein the fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used at least in part. 11. The sportswear according to claim 1, wherein the fabric according to claim 1 is used so that stripes of two or more types of multifilaments having different cross-sectional shapes are mainly in a body length direction.

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