JP2005180754A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve combustion efficiency simply by improving a flue without adding another mechanism means and to extend the replacement cycle of the flue by reducing thermal losses of a blockage in an opening at a lower end. <P>SOLUTION: In the incinerator, in which a linear flue 9 for feeding combustion air is positioned vertically in at least an inlet block 5 and a flue-opening block 7, a nozzle 10 provided at the flue 9 has a larger aperture at its upper end than at its lower end and the opening in the lower end of the flue 9 is blocked by an inner bulkhead 11 and an outer bulkhead 12, the inner bulkhead being welded in place as it enters the upper end from the face of the opening in the lower end by a certain length, the outer bulkhead being welded in place at the position of the face of the opening in the lower end of the flue 9. Vents 13 are formed in the peripheral face of a flue 8 between the inner bulkhead 11 and the outer bulkhead 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to an incinerator having an air supply pipe for pressure-feeding combustion air into a furnace, in particular, a furnace body having an inlet block and a flue port block, and an intermediate block interposed between both blocks according to the furnace capacity It is related to an incinerator having a sectional structure consisting of

A nozzle is provided on the peripheral surface of the air pipe arranged in the vertical direction toward the hearth, and combustion has already been promoted by jetting combustion air from the nozzle into the furnace. A certain result has been obtained (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

The present inventor has been carrying out research and development aiming at further improvement of the operation performance of the incinerator, but according to the knowledge obtained here, the combustion efficiency of the combustion air from the air supply pipe is low. It was found that there was a difference.

In conventional incinerators, the nozzle is perforated with the same perforation bit over the entire length of the air supply pipe, and the nozzle diameter is the same from the upper end side to the lower end side of the air supply pipe. The amount of combustion air ejected on the lower end side of the trachea was smaller than the amount ejected on the upper end side.

On the other hand, the combustion air supplied from the supply source is ejected from the nozzle with a required pressure because the lower end opening of the air supply pipe is closed. Because it is directly facing the hearth that is the hottest, it is a place that receives large heat radiation.

In the conventional air supply pipe, the end wall plate made of stainless steel is welded to the lower end opening surface to close the lower end opening. However, the thermal wear of this end wall plate is rapid, and the end wall plate disappears. The accompanying exchange tube exchange cycle was short.

An improvement proposal has been made to close the lower end opening of the air supply pipe with a castable refractory material (see Patent Document 2). However, when the occurrence of cracks due to thermal contraction during firing is large, this causes an exfoliation and occlusion. The life as a part became short.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-30670 JP-A-5-231626

The problem to be solved is to improve the combustion efficiency only by improving the air supply pipe without adding another mechanism means, and to suppress the thermal wear of the closed part at the lower end opening, It is to lengthen the exchange cycle.

The main feature of the invention of claim 1 is that the furnace body 1 includes an inlet block 5 having an inlet 3 and a door 4, a flue block 7 having a flue 6 and, if necessary, an inlet block 5 And an intermediate block 8 interposed between the flue port block 7 and at least the input port block 5 and the flue port block 7 are each provided with a straight air supply pipe 9 for supplying combustion air. In an incinerator that is arranged in the vertical direction, closes the lower end opening of each air pipe 9 facing the hearth 2, and is provided with a number of nozzles 10 on the peripheral surface of each air pipe 9 facing the furnace, That is, the diameter of the nozzle 10 on the lower end side is made larger than the diameter of the nozzle 10 on the upper end side.

The main feature of the invention of claim 2 is that, in addition to the above configuration of the invention of claim 1, the obstruction of the lower end opening of the air supply tube 9 is sent at a position where it enters the upper end side from the lower end opening surface by a certain length. The inner partition wall 11 is welded to the trachea 9, and the outer partition wall 12 facing the hearth 2 is welded to the air supply tube 9 at the lower end opening surface of the air supply tube 9, and is located between the inner partition wall 11 and the outer partition wall 12. That is, the air hole 13 penetrating inward and outward is formed in the peripheral surface of the air supply pipe 8.

In the incinerator according to the first aspect of the present invention, the diameter of the nozzle 10 on the lower end side of the air supply pipe 9 is set to be larger than the diameter of the nozzle 10 on the upper end side. The decrease in the supply pressure is compensated by the enlargement of the nozzle diameter, and the amount of combustion air ejected can be made as equal as possible over the entire length in the lengthwise direction of the air supply tube 9, and the oxygen concentration throughout the entire area in the furnace. The distribution can be made as uniform as possible, and a good combustion state can be formed and maintained. Even in the conventional system, the generation of harmful gases such as dioxins is very small, but it has been found that the amount of harmful gases such as dioxins is further reduced by changing the ejection form as in the present invention.

In the incinerator of the invention of claim 2, in addition to the above effect of the invention of claim 1, the inner partition wall 11 is made to enter the upper end side from the lower end opening surface, and is located at a position away from the inner partition wall 11 by a certain length. The outer partition wall 12 shields heat radiation from the hearth 2 and allows air to flow between the inner partition wall 11 and the outer partition wall 12 through the vent hole 13 provided in the air supply pipe 9 between the inner partition wall 11 and the outer partition wall 12. Since it is made to distribute | circulate, the thermal influence with respect to the inner side partition 11 reduces as much as possible, and the wear of the inner side partition 11 can be suppressed. Therefore, the replacement cycle of the air supply pipe 9 that is a consumable part can be made as long as possible, and the operating cost of the incinerator can be reduced.

  The main body 9 of the air supply tube, the inner partition wall 11 and the outer partition wall 12 are preferably made of stainless steel having excellent heat resistance. The nozzles 10 are desirably arranged in a staggered manner.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of an incinerator according to the present invention. The incinerator includes a furnace body 1 having a sectional structure, an exhaust device 14, an air supply device 15, and the like. The furnace body 1 includes a charging port block 5 having a charging port 3 and a door 4, a flue port block 7 having a flue port 6, and an intermediate block 8 interposed between the blocks 5 and 7. A combustion chamber 16 and an ash chamber 17 are formed by three blocks 5, 7, and 8, and a rooster 18 is provided in the hearth 2 between both chambers 16 and 18.

The furnace wall of each of the blocks 5, 7, and 8 is formed of a steel-made outer wall 19, a heat-resistant and heat-insulating layer 20 lined on the outer wall 19, and an innermost fire-resistant lining layer 21. In the joint part of adjacent blocks, the fireproof lining layer 21 is made to wrap around to the joint surface side. The heat-resistant and heat-insulating layer 20 is made of a silica board having a thickness of 100 mm. The refractory lining layer 21 is made of a castable refractory material lined to a thickness of 150 mm.

Each of the blocks 5, 7, 8 is integrated by fastening flanges 22 provided at the periphery of each joint portion with bolts 23. The joint is sealed with a ceramic fiber gasket 24 sandwiched between the joint surfaces.

The exhaust device 14 includes a case 25 connected to the flue block 7, a pair of front and rear cyclone dust collectors 26 arranged in the case 25, a chimney 27 installed on the upper part of the case 25, The ejector 28 is formed near the lower end of the inner surface. The inlets of the dust collector 26 are connected to the front and rear flue ports 6, respectively, and a flue 29 led upward from the center of the centrifugal separation chamber is connected to the chimney 26. The separated dust is dropped into the dust chamber 30 below the dust collector 26.

The door 4 of the insertion port block 5 is operated by the power cylinder 31 and swings and rotates around the hinge fitting 32 to open and close the insertion port 3. The power cylinder 31 outputs the rotational power of the motor 33 to the drive nut through a gear mechanism, and moves the operation rod 34 back and forth through a screw shaft that meshes with the drive nut. The operating rod 34 moves back and forth at a constant speed and at a slower speed than a normal fluid pressure cylinder.

The air supply device 15 for supplying combustion air into the furnace includes a motor (not shown), a blower fan 35 driven by the motor, an air supply path 36 communicating with the discharge port of the blower fan 35, and the furnace body. 1 is composed of a damper 37 disposed on the upper portion, a distribution pipe 38 and a branch air supply passage 39 connected from the damper 33, and a pair of front and rear air supply pipes 9 attached to the inlet block 5 and the flue block 7 respectively. It is.

The damper 37 is provided in each partition wall by dividing the inside of the hollow box-shaped case into three chambers: an inlet chamber that continues to the air supply passage 36 and an outlet chamber that continues to the distribution pipe 38 or the branch air supply passage 39. The vent 40 and a valve plate 41 that selectively opens and closes the vent 40 are configured. The combustion air is supplied to either the distribution pipe 38 or the branch air supply path 39 by the operation of the valve plate 41. The valve plate 41 is switched by a rotary solenoid 42 provided on the outer surface of the case. The distribution pipe 38 and the air supply pipe 9 are connected by an elbow-shaped relay pipe 43. The outlet end of the branch air supply passage 39 is drawn into the chimney 27 and faces the inlet of the ejector 28.

The air supply pipe 9 is made of a stainless steel pipe having a diameter of 89.1 mm, and a number of nozzles 10 are provided in a staggered manner along the length direction on the peripheral surface facing the combustion chamber 16. The opening at the lower end is closed. This blockage is performed by an inner partition wall 11 and an outer partition wall 12 made of stainless steel disks.

The inner partition wall 11 enters the upper end side to a depth of 40 mm from the lower end opening surface and is welded to the inner peripheral surface of the pipe. The outer partition wall 12 fitted into the lower end opening of the air supply pipe 9 flush with the lower end opening surface faces the hearth 2. On the peripheral surface of the air supply tube 9 between the inner partition wall 11 and the outer partition wall 12, a ventilation hole 13 having a diameter of 6 mm is formed through the inside and outside at a position 20 mm away from the outer partition wall 12. Two ventilation holes 13 are provided on the diameter of the air supply tube 9.

The air supply pipe 9 is divided into three sections from the upper end to the lower end. In the upper section, the diameter of the nozzle 10 is selected from a range of 3 mm to 5 mm, and in the middle section, the diameter of the nozzle 10 is The diameter is selected from the range of 4 mm to 9 mm, and in the lower section, the diameter of the nozzle 10 is selected from the range of 8 mm to 12 mm.

The air supply pipe 9 is inserted into the furnace through the upper furnace wall. For this purpose, a mounting hole 44 having a diameter larger than that of the air supply pipe 9 is provided in the upper furnace wall. The gap between the air supply tube 9 and the mounting hole 44 is sealed by a seal body 45 integrally formed of a castable refractory material having easy disintegration or a composite material such as graphite impregnated with silicon carbide. A relay pipe 46 made of a stainless steel pipe is connected to the upper part of the air supply pipe 9, and a flange 47 is provided on the upper part of the relay crown 46 for facilitating insertion and removal operations of the air supply pipe 9 into the furnace. It is provided.

During the operation of the incinerator, the incineration object is introduced into the furnace through the inlet 3 and the combustion air is ejected from the nozzles 10 of the air supply pipes 9 with the door 4 closed to burn the incineration object. . The combustion gas generated by the incineration is guided from the flue port 6 to the dust collector 26 where the dust is separated and then flows to the chimney 27 through the flue 29. The air pressure in the air supply pipe 9 during combustion is 150 mmAq, and therefore the pressure in the furnace is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure. Therefore, if the door 4 is inadvertently opened during operation, flames and combustion gases are ejected from the inlet 3.

In order to avoid such a risk, a control device 48 is provided outside the furnace to control the operation timing of the damper 37 and the power cylinder 31. The control device 48 is provided with a start switch and a stop switch for the blower fan 35, an open switch and a close switch for the door 4, a control circuit, and the like. When the opening switch of the door 4 is turned on, first, a driving current is supplied to the rotary solenoid 42 of the damper 37 to switch the valve plate 41 to the side indicated by the imaginary line in FIG.

As a result, the entire amount of the combustion air that has been supplied into the furnace is ejected to the ejector 28 via the branch air supply path 39. Then, the dust collector 26 and the combustion gas in the furnace are sucked into the chimney 27 side by the drawing action of the ejector 28, and the pressure in the furnace is rapidly decreased in addition to the fact that the supply of air is stopped.

Waiting for the pressure in the furnace to drop, in fact, a timer is used to measure that a fixed time has passed since the opening switch was turned on, and a drive current is supplied to the motor 33 of the power cylinder 31. As a result, the door 4 is slowly opened and moved to the position indicated by the imaginary line in FIG. At the stage where the door 4 begins to open, the pressure in the furnace is equal to or lower than the atmospheric pressure, so that no flame or combustion gas is ejected from the inlet 3. Therefore, the operator can safely add the incinerated material. The fire is not transferred to the incinerators outside the furnace by the fired flame.

When closing the door 4, the closing switch is turned on to first operate the power cylinder 31 to close the door 4. Next, the rotary solenoid 42 is operated to switch the valve plate 41, and combustion air is supplied into the furnace through the air supply pipe 9.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the air pipe structure of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the incinerator using the air pipe of FIG. It is a top view of the incinerator of Drawing 1 shown in the state where a part was fractured.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace body 2 Furnace floor 3 Input port 4 Door 5 Input port block 6 Flue port 7 Flue port block 8 Middle block 9 Air supply pipe 10 Nozzle 11 Inner partition 12 Outer partition 13 Vent

Claims (2)

The furnace body 1 includes an inlet block 5 having an inlet 3 and a door 4, a flue inlet block 7 having a flue outlet 6, and an insertion between the inlet block 5 and the flue inlet block 7 as necessary. An intermediate block 8 is included, and at least each of the inlet block 5 and the flue port block 7 is provided with a straight air supply pipe 9 for supplying combustion air in the vertical direction. In the incinerator in which the lower end opening of each air supply tube 9 facing each other is closed and a large number of nozzles 10 are provided on the peripheral surface of each air supply tube 9 facing the inside of the furnace, the lower end side than the diameter of the nozzle 10 on the upper end side An incinerator characterized in that the nozzle 10 has a large diameter. The lower end opening of the air supply tube 9 is closed by the inner partition wall 11 welded to the air supply tube 9 at a position where the upper end side enters the upper end side from the lower end opening surface, and the outer partition wall 12 facing the hearth 2 is formed. It is welded to the air supply pipe 9 at the position of the lower end opening surface of the air supply pipe 9, and a vent hole 13 penetrating inward and outward is formed in the peripheral surface of the air supply pipe 8 between the inner partition wall 11 and the outer partition wall 12. The incinerator according to claim 1.

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