JP2005180134A - Crime prevention building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crime prevention building capable of preventing damage prior to generation of damage such as building breakage or the like by invaders and an indication article for presentation when designing the crime prevention building and a crime prevention asisting system. <P>SOLUTION: An unspecified number of persons around a site 3 where an aimed building 2 is constructed determine an invasion risk in accordance with virtuality of the external wall face at the time when they watch the external wall face of the building 2 during passing through or from an approachable public zone, the peripheral space of the aimed building 2 is divided into a plurality of zones in accordance with the invasion risk. Opening structures and crime prevention equipment having respective different crime prevention functions according to the invasion risk into respective zones are executed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a crime prevention building that can effectively prevent damage by an intruder, a display object for giving a presentation in designing the crime prevention building, and a crime prevention support system. The present invention relates to a crime prevention building that can prevent damage before it occurs, a display object for crime prevention building presentation, and a crime prevention support system.

  Conventional measures for intrusion of houses include surrounding the site to prevent intruders from entering the site, attaching gates, threatening the intruder with light or sound, and strengthening the opening to make it difficult to enter. At the same time, a security system is in place to notify the security company if it enters the building.

  As publicly known documents, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-119575 (Patent Document 1) divides a house into a plurality of monitoring areas for crime prevention monitoring, or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-317220 (Patent Document 2). In each dwelling unit, there is an intrusion prevention wall that prohibits people from entering and exiting around the outside of the assembly square to ensure security and security on the site.

JP-A-6-119575 JP 2001-317220 A

  However, even if the resident is away, it is necessary to enter the site for gas meter or electric meter reading, home delivery, etc., and it is possible to completely eliminate the entry of outsiders who are away from the site. Absent. As shown in FIG. 9, in a general house, there are a gas meter and an electric meter 14 at a position deeper than the entrance facing the road 4, and even if there is an outsider 5 in the site 3 as viewed from the nearby eyes 11. Whether it was a suspicious situation that should be reported to the police could not be easily identified, and even if a flashlight or alarm was activated to intimidate the intruder, the nearby eyes 11 often passed by.

  Even if a gate is installed in front of the entrance to prevent entry into the site, it is possible to freely enter and exit the site 3 pretending to be a visitor or meter reader. It is easily moved to a zone where the neighboring eyes 11 cannot reach, and there are many damages that break the opening of the building 2 and enter the inside of the building, and there are escape directions 24a and 24b in two directions Therefore, escape is easy.

  In addition, it is conceivable to give high security specifications to the openings of windows etc., but for example, security laminated glass is expensive, and it is budgetary to make all windows high security specifications such as security laminated glass etc. Often difficult.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a security building capable of suppressing damage before the occurrence of damage such as building damage by an intruder, and a presentation for designing the security building. It is intended to provide a security building presentation display and security support system to perform.

  According to the criminal behavior survey of intruders, 60% of the reasons for giving up trying to invade the inside of the building are conscious of the eyes of the neighbors, and if it takes more than 5 minutes, 70% of intruders intrude It is supposed to give up.

  Therefore, the first configuration of the security building according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a security building that prevents an outsider from entering the building through an opening such as a window or a door of the building. The invasion risk is determined according to the visibility of the outer wall surface when the outer wall surface of the building is visually observed from a public zone where a large number of persons can pass or enter, and the opening installed in the outer wall surface is determined. Intrusion countermeasure means corresponding to the invasion risk level is applied.

  As an intrusion countermeasure means for the opening, it is possible to adjust the installation height of the opening and the size of the opening, to install a shutter and a face grid, change the specification of the glass, install a security sensor, and the like.

  The second configuration of the security building according to the present invention is divided into an open zone in which the open space around the building allows outsiders to enter and exit, and a security zone to prevent outsiders from entering and exiting, The crime prevention zone is subdivided into a plurality of zones on the basis of the intrusion risk level, and an intrusion countermeasure means corresponding to each intrusion risk level is applied.

  For example, an open zone is an access zone where a prospect from the public zone is secured and an outsider can freely enter and exit, and a security zone is a private zone where entry from the access zone is prohibited and a view from the public zone is secured. And a care zone that is partitioned so as not to easily enter from the private zone and the access zone and cannot be seen from the public zone, and can be subdivided into two zones. Then, intrusion countermeasure means such as an opening structure and a crime prevention facility having different crime prevention performances can be applied in accordance with the invasion risk levels of the access zone, the private zone, and the care zone.

  The open space around the building becomes a space for preparatory work when entering the building through the opening. Accordingly, by making it difficult for the intruder to enter the open space, the crime prevention performance can be improved by giving up the intruder before the intruder reaches the opening having a high risk of intrusion.

  For example, as a countermeasure for preventing intrusion at the boundary for each zone, the fence is raised according to the invasion risk. Do not create a two-way escape path by blocking one escape path. Install flashlights, security cameras, etc. at key points such as the boundary between the open zone and the security zone and near the opening. Ensure visibility so that neighboring eyes can reach. A gravel floor that makes noise when walking. Various intrusion prevention measures can be taken, such as filling the vicinity of the outer wall with a planting that is difficult to traverse.

  Further, the zones need not be exactly matched for each invasion risk rank, and can be set to a certain extent on the safe side. For example, most of the outer wall surface has a high intrusion risk level, and when some of the intrusion risk level is low, it is possible to take intrusion prevention measures for a high risk level on the entire surface. Can be used for gravel. In addition, fences can be provided at corners of buildings with good separation.

  In addition, the display object for the crime prevention building presentation according to the present invention plots the visibility of the outer wall surface when viewing the outer wall surface of the building from a public zone where an unspecified number of humans can pass or enter. An intrusion risk level is determined based on the data density, and an open zone that allows outsiders to enter and leave the open space around the building according to the determined intrusion risk level, and a security zone that prevents outsiders from entering and exiting. And each of the divided zones is displayed on a site drawing of the building.

  In addition, the crime prevention support system according to the present invention allows three-dimensional graphic information of the building and structure in the site where the target building is constructed, and an unspecified number of people around the site where the target building is built. Alternatively, three-dimensional graphic information input means for inputting three-dimensional graphic information of public zones that can be entered and exited, and three-dimensional graphic information of neighboring buildings and neighboring structures in a neighboring site adjacent to the site where the target building was constructed, The solid figure information storage means for storing each piece of solid figure information input by the solid figure information input means, and the predetermined figure set for the target building from each piece of solid figure information stored in the solid figure information storage means A plurality of solid grids divided by a plurality of horizontal planes parallel to a reference horizontal plane having a height and a plurality of vertical planes parallel to a reference vertical plane in a predetermined direction set for the target building. 3D grid creation means to create a traffic zone, traffic volume information passing through a public zone where an unspecified number of people around the site where the target building is built can pass or enter, and eye gaze height distribution information of the passing people Viewer information input means for inputting the viewer information such as, viewer information storage means for storing the viewer information input by the viewer information input means, and viewers stored in the viewer information storage means From the public zone where an unspecified number of people around the site where the target building is built can be passed or entered based on the information and each solid figure information stored in the solid figure information storage means. A visibility calculation means for calculating the visibility of the outer wall surface when the wall surface is visually observed, and the visibility calculated by the visibility calculation means as a 3D grid created by the 3D grid creation means. Visibility plotting means for plotting, intrusion risk determining means for determining the intrusion risk based on the density of the plot data plotted by the visibility plotting means, and the intrusion risk determined by the intrusion risk determining means Zone classification means for dividing the open space around the target building into a plurality of zones based on the degree, and output means for outputting each zone in the site where the target building divided by the zone classification means is built It is characterized by that.

  According to the first configuration of the crime prevention building according to the present invention, the invasion risk is determined according to the visibility (ease of visibility) of the outer wall surface when the outer wall surface of the building is visually observed from the public zone. An intrusion countermeasure means such as an opening structure having a security performance corresponding to the invasion risk level or a crime prevention facility can be applied to the opening installed on the wall surface.

  Thereby, it is not necessary to apply a uniform intrusion countermeasure to the opening by utilizing the visibility from a passerby for crime prevention, and the burden on the builder can be reduced.

  According to the second configuration of the crime prevention building according to the present invention, the zone having a high visibility of the outer wall surface when the outer wall surface of the building is visually observed from the public zone is not subjected to expensive intrusion countermeasures, but rather is provided in the vicinity. By inventing intruders by devising such as open eye-catching exteriors, flower beds and decorations, by applying intrusion countermeasures to zones with low visibility on the outer wall surface, Overall, effective intrusion countermeasures can be achieved at a low cost.

  By identifying an open zone that ensures visibility from the public zone and allows outsiders to freely enter and exit, it is possible to respond to an unexpected visitor within the open zone, or to read a meter or meter of an electric meter, or It is possible to complete the requirements of delivery persons (hereinafter referred to as “outsiders”). Then, by separating the open zone that allows outsiders to freely enter and exit and other zones that cannot enter and exit, crime prevention can be ensured while providing the convenience of outsiders.

  The open zone and the zone with a relatively low risk of intrusion where the prospects from the public zone are secured are separated by gates, steps, hedges, etc., and outsiders are separated from the open zone. Access to the security zone is prevented.

  In the security zone, a zone with a relatively low invasion risk that has a view from the public zone, for example, lower the fence or fence provided at the boundary with the neighboring house, or make it a transparent fence or fence from the road By securing the prospects of the neighborhood, it is possible to make it easier for the eyes of the neighbors to reach. In addition, by devising the open exterior that attracts the eyes of the neighborhood, flower beds, decorations, etc., the traffic increases, people stop, and it is easy to find intruders by gathering nearby eyes to prevent intrusion Can contribute. In order to protect privacy, it is preferable to set the line-of-sight direction from the public zone to be parallel to the window surface of the opening structure.

  In the crime prevention zone where the visibility from the public zone is secured, it is not necessary to provide expensive intrusion countermeasures for all windows. For example, only 2 Intrusion countermeasures that make the intruder stand out with a flashlight or a crime prevention glass with a resin layer interposed between the glass layers are sufficient.

  Of the open and crime prevention zones where the outlook from the public zone is secured, the zone between which the risk of intrusion is relatively low and the crime prevention zone where the outlook from the public zone cannot be secured are high It is partitioned by a high fence or the like that cannot be easily overcome, so that it is difficult to easily enter the crime prevention zone from the outside and escape from the crime prevention zone to the outside.

  Also, the ground in the security zone is a gravel floor that makes sound, and there is no place for a step on it. Furthermore, the windows provided in the crime prevention zone have been made smaller or taller so that they cannot enter the building, and by adopting a crime prevention laminated glass with a resin layer interposed between the two layers of glass, advanced crime prevention performance is achieved. Can be obtained. Also, intrusion countermeasures such as threatening intruders with a sensor light camera and recording intrusion actions are taken.

  Since such an expensive intrusion countermeasure means can be applied only to a crime prevention zone in which a prospect from the public zone cannot be secured, cost reduction in the entire intrusion countermeasure can be achieved.

  According to the display object for crime prevention building presentation according to the present invention, the visibility of the outer wall surface when viewing the outer wall surface of the building from the public zone is plotted on a three-dimensional view of the building prepared in advance, and the density of the plotted data Based on the above, it is possible to determine the risk of intrusion.

  Here, the penetration risk indicates the density of visibility (easy to see). That is, if the number of visibility plots is large, it can be determined that the visibility from the public zone is high and the invasion risk is low. If the number of plots is small, the visibility from the public zone is low and the invasion risk is high. It can be judged.

  The open space around the building can be divided into a plurality of zones according to the invasion risk determined as described above. When dividing into multiple zones, it is possible to classify into multiple zones by setting a predetermined threshold according to the invasion risk using the density of plot data plotting visibility from public zone I can do it.

  Each zone divided as described above can be displayed on a site drawing prepared in advance. The display object for crime prevention building presentation may be displayed on a site drawing displayed on a display of a personal computer, or may be displayed on a site drawing described on paper or a resin sheet. .

  As a result, it is possible to explain to the customer planning the construction of a building such as a house or an office building in an easy-to-understand manner the important points for intrusion countermeasures and to encourage the response.

  According to the crime prevention support system according to the present invention, the three-dimensional figure of the building and the structure in the site where the target building stored in the three-dimensional figure information storage means is constructed by the three-dimensional grid creating means constituted by the computer system. Information, three-dimensional graphic information of public zones (such as roads facing the site) where the unspecified number of people around the site where the target building was built can be accessed or accessed, and the target building were built A plurality of horizontal planes parallel to a reference horizontal plane of a predetermined height set for the target building from the three-dimensional graphic information of the neighboring buildings and neighboring structures in the neighboring site adjacent to the site, and the target building A plurality of three-dimensional grids divided by a plurality of elevations parallel to the reference elevation in a predetermined direction set for the above are created.

  The standard horizontal plane of a predetermined height set for the target building may be, for example, a ground level horizontal plane on which a building on the site is built, and a plurality of planes at a predetermined unit height parallel to the standard horizontal plane. Each solid figure information is divided in a horizontal direction on a horizontal plane. In addition, the reference elevation in the predetermined direction set for the target building is, for example, an elevation level parallel to the road facing the site where the target building is built, or vertical, or at an opening level of a predetermined angle. What is necessary is just to divide | segment each solid figure information in the orthogonal | vertical direction in the several vertical surface for every predetermined unit distance in parallel with this vertical surface. A plurality of three-dimensional grids divided by a plurality of horizontal planes and elevations configured as described above can be created for each piece of solid figure information.

  On the other hand, based on the viewer information stored in the viewer information storage unit by the visibility calculation unit also configured by the computer system, and the three-dimensional graphic information stored in the three-dimensional graphic information storage unit, the target building is The degree of visibility of the outer wall surface when the outer wall surface of the building is visually observed from a public zone where an unspecified number of people around the constructed site can pass or enter is calculated.

  Here, the viewer information includes the season, weather, and distribution of traffic volume according to the time of the passerby such as pedestrians, bicycles or car drivers who pass through the public zone, and the passer's line-of-sight height ( It is possible to adopt a database in advance that takes into account factors such as the distribution of gaze height considering height, saddle and seat height), the gaze angle between the direction of passage of the passerby and the viewing point, etc. . For example, when the weather is bad, commuting and attending school hours, even if the amount of traffic is large, passers-by does not observe the surroundings very much, so the visibility is low, and when it is dark at night or the like, the visibility is low.

  Then, the visibility calculated by the visibility calculation means is plotted on each of the three-dimensional grids created by the three-dimensional grid creation means by the visibility plot means similarly configured by a computer system.

  For example, taking into account the ups and downs of the road on which the passer-by moves and the line-of-sight angle at which the target point of view from the moving passer-by looks at the point of view changes, the building in the site where the target building is built And three-dimensional graphic information of the structure, three-dimensional graphic information of the road facing the site where the target building is built, and neighboring buildings and neighboring structures in the adjacent site adjacent to the site where the target building is built Created in advance using a computer system based on the three-dimensional figure information and the visibility when a passerby moves at a predetermined gaze height on the road facing the site where the target building is built Visibility can be plotted on multiple solid grids.

  As such a computer system, commercially available computer software for creating a shadow map can be applied. In other words, the sunbeams in the shadow map are replaced with the line of sight when the outer wall of the building is viewed from the public zone, and the buildings that obstruct the sunbeam are replaced with neighboring buildings or structures that block the line of sight. It can be configured as computer software for creating diagrams.

  Then, the outer wall surface that receives the line of sight when the outer wall surface of the building is visually observed from the public zone is regarded as a set of many points, and is subdivided into a lattice shape. The visibility can be plotted by determining whether or not it intersects with a neighboring building or a neighboring structure that becomes an obstacle.

  Then, the invasion risk is determined based on the density of the plot data plotted by the visibility plotting means by the intrusion risk determining means also configured by the computer system.

  Then, the zoning means similarly configured by the computer system classifies the vacant space around the target building into a plurality of zones based on the intrusion risk determined by the intrusion risk determination means.

  For example, depending on the position where the passerby moves on the road facing the site where the target building is built, the specific three-dimensional grid changes between visible and invisible, so the visibility changes. Then, while the passerby moves on the road, a plurality of three-dimensional grids are divided in descending order of the frequency that can be seen from a plurality of different gaze angles, and the open spaces around the target building are divided into a plurality of zones according to the division. Can be classified.

  For example, the zone classification means counts, for each three-dimensional grid, the frequency that can be viewed from a plurality of different line-of-sight angles by means of a equipped counter, and classifies the plurality of three-dimensional grids in descending order of the number of counts. The open space around the target building can be divided into multiple zones.

  And each zone in the site where the target building classified by the zone classification means is constructed by output means such as a display device such as a display or a printing device is outputted as a display object for crime prevention building presentation in various forms.

  For example, as described above, each zone is divided into an open zone that allows outsiders to enter and exit, and a security zone that prevents outsiders from entering and exiting, and the security zone is further divided into a plurality of zones based on the risk of intrusion. Subdivided and output, and can be output by display or printing so that various intrusion countermeasures such as an opening structure or security equipment prepared in advance with different security performances can be selected.

  An embodiment of a security building according to the present invention, a security building presentation display for making a presentation when designing the security building, and a security support system will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 (a) and 1 (b) show a security building according to the present invention, in which the open space around the building is divided into an open zone and a security zone, and an opening structure having different security performance corresponding to each of the divided zones, FIG. 2A is a plan view showing an example where an outsider freely enters and leaves the open zone, and FIG. 2B is a security zone. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control system of the crime prevention support system according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a crime prevention support system according to the present invention. FIGS. 5 to 7 are flowcharts showing how to use the object, and the respective outer walls of the target building are visually observed from different positions A, B, and C on the road facing the site where the target building is constructed. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the visibility, and FIG. Combined with the respective visibility shown in FIG. 7, while the passerby moves on the road facing the site where the target building is constructed, a plurality of three-dimensional objects are displayed according to the frequency of being visible from a plurality of different viewing angles. It is a figure which shows a mode that the grid was divided.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a security building that prevents an outsider 5 from entering the building through openings such as windows and doors of the building. An unspecified number of people around the site 3 where the target building 2 was built. The invasion risk is determined according to the visibility of the outer wall surface when the outer wall surface of the building 2 is viewed from the road 4 facing the site 3 which is a public zone where humans can pass or enter. Depending on the degree, the open space around the building is divided into an open zone that allows outsiders 5 to enter and exit, and a security zone that prevents outsiders 5 from entering and exiting. Intrusion countermeasures such as opening structures and crime prevention facilities that are subdivided into multiple zones and differ in the crime prevention performance according to their invasion risk with respect to the openings installed on the outer wall surface of the building 2 facing each zone Means.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of zones having different crime prevention performances are provided as open zones in which visibility from the road 4 facing the site 3 serving as a public zone is secured and outsiders 5 can freely enter and exit. An access zone 6, a private zone 7 as a security zone that is partitioned by a gate 9, a step, a hedge, etc. so as not to enter and exit from the access zone 6, and has a view from the road 4, and the private zone 7 and access It has a care zone 8 as a crime prevention zone that is partitioned by a high fence 10 and the like that cannot be easily climbed over to prevent intrusion from the zone 6 and cannot be assured from the road 4.

  And corresponding to each access zone 6, the private zone 7, and the care zone 8, intrusion countermeasure means such as an opening structure and a crime prevention facility with different crime prevention performance are applied.

  The access zone 6 and private zone 7 that are relatively visible from the neighborhood do not take expensive measures against intrusion, but rather by the open exterior that draws the eye 11 in the neighborhood, the flower bed 12 and decorations etc. Streets increase, people stop, gathering nearby eyes 11 and making it easier to find intruders can contribute to intrusion prevention.

  By providing an access zone 6 with good visibility from the public zone and allowing outsiders 5 to enter and exit freely, as shown in FIG. 2A, the doorbell, interphone 13, or gas meter is located in the access zone 6. And an electricity meter 14 or a delivery box are centrally installed, and even if the resident is away, the access zone 6 in the site 3 where the outsider 5 is away as long as the nearby eyes 11 are within reach You can enter freely.

  In this way, it is possible to identify the access zone 6 that allows the outsider 5 to freely enter and exit, and complete the requirements of the outsider 5 within the access zone 6. Then, by dividing the access zone 6 that allows the outsider 5 to freely enter, and the private zone 7 and the care zone 8 that are other zones that cannot be invaded, the daily outsider 5 is made convenient. Security can be ensured.

  The access zone 6 is separated from the private zone 7 where the view from the road 4 as a public zone is secured by a gate 9, a high step, a hedge, etc., and the outsider 5 is private from the access zone 6. The zone 7 cannot be easily accessed.

  The partition between the access zone 6 and the private zone 7 may be partitioned by a gate 9 or a step or a hedge that is high enough to allow entry (for example, the waist height). Since both the access zone 6 and the private zone 7 have a view from the public zone such as the road 4, if an outsider 5 tries to forcibly enter the private zone 7 from the access zone 6, it will be inconvenient to the nearby eyes 11. Because it looks natural, it is possible to effectively act as a countermeasure against intrusion by gathering nearby eyes 11 so that intruders can be easily found.

  Private zone 7, where the prospects from the public zone are secured, can be used by, for example, lowering the border fence and fence 15 with the neighbors, or by making the fence visible from the road 4 with a transparent fence or fence 15. 11 can be easy to reach. In addition, by improving the open exterior that pulls nearby eyes 11, flower beds 12 and decorations, etc., the traffic increases, people stop, and it is easier to find intruders by gathering nearby eyes 11. It can contribute to intrusion prevention. In order to protect privacy, it is preferable to set the line-of-sight direction from the road 4 to be parallel to the window surface.

  In the private zone 7, there is no need to take expensive measures against intrusion, for example, a crime prevention laminated glass with a resin layer interposed between two layers of glass even with the innermost sweep window 16 as a security opening structure, As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the intruder 5a is made conspicuous with the flashlight 17 as a crime prevention facility, or the intruder 5a is threatened with the sensor light camera 18, and the intrusion action is recorded. It ’s enough.

  The access zone 6 and the private zone 7 are separated from the care zone 8 where a view from the public zone such as the road 4 cannot be secured by a high fence 10 or the like that cannot be easily overcome by people. Intrusion to the outside and escape from the care zone 8 to the outside cannot be easily performed.

  The care zone 8 does not have to be completely partitioned by the high fence 10. For example, it is also effective to have a configuration in which escape is not easy by limiting the escape direction to one direction.

  For example, the ground of the care zone 8 as a crime prevention facility is a gravel floor 19 that makes a sound when the intruder 5a steps on it. Also, as the security opening structure, a small window or a high window 20 that cannot enter the building 2 is used, and the window 20 also adopts a security glass with a resin layer interposed between two layers of glass. In this way, you can get a high level of crime prevention performance. Furthermore, a surface grid 21 may be installed in the opening as a security opening structure. In addition, it is possible to take intrusion countermeasures such as threatening the intruder 5a with the sensor light camera 18 as a crime prevention facility and recording the intrusion action.

  The care zone 8 in which the prospect from the public zone cannot be secured due to the shadow of the building 2 or the structure is provided with an intrusion countermeasure means that makes it difficult to enter the care zone 8 or to escape. By taking measures against intrusion such as opening structure and security equipment that takes time to enter the building and it is difficult to destroy the building equipment, the security building 1 as a whole can be effective at low cost. It becomes possible. That is, since the expensive intrusion countermeasure means may be only the care zone 8 in which the prospect from the road 4 which is a public zone cannot be secured, the cost for the intrusion countermeasure can be reduced.

  Like the crime prevention building 1 described above, the outer wall surface of the building 2 when the outer wall surface of the building 2 is visually observed from a public zone where an unspecified number of humans around the site 3 where the target building 2 is built can pass or enter. An open zone that plots the visibility, determines the invasion risk based on the density of the plotted data, and allows outsiders 5 to enter and leave the open space around the building 2 according to the determined intrusion risk, It is divided into crime prevention zones that prevent outsiders 5 from entering and exiting, and the divided zones are displayed in three on the site 3 drawing of the building 2 and three-dimensional when dividing into zones. A crime prevention support system that enables easy classification by simulation using graphic information will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As such a computer system, commercially available computer software for creating a shadow map can be applied. In other words, the sunbeams in the shadow map are replaced with the line of sight when the outer wall of the building is viewed from the public zone, and the buildings that obstruct the sunbeam are replaced with neighboring buildings or structures that block the line of sight. It can be configured as computer software for creating diagrams. For example, the sunshine simulation apparatus described in JP 2000-008476 A or the sunshine simulation system described in JP 2003-167065 can be applied.

  Then, the outer wall surface that receives the line of sight when the outer wall surface of the building is visually observed from the public zone is regarded as a set of many points, and is subdivided into a lattice shape. Visibility can be plotted on a three-dimensional figure by determining whether or not it intersects with a neighboring building or a neighboring structure that becomes an obstacle.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control system of the crime prevention support system according to the present invention. In FIG. 3, the crime prevention support system 31 is constructed by a computer system, and can be configured using a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as “personal computer”), for example.

  The input means 32 can be composed of a keyboard, mouse, etc. of a personal computer, and the three-dimensional figure of the building 2 and the structure in the site 3 where the target building 2 created in advance by CAD (design drawing by computer) is built. Information, three-dimensional graphic information of a public zone (for example, a road 4 facing the site 3) where an unspecified number of people around the site 3 where the target building 2 is built can pass or enter, and the target building 2 It also serves as a three-dimensional graphic information input means for inputting three-dimensional graphic information and the like of neighboring buildings and neighboring structures in the neighboring site adjacent to the site 3 where the building is constructed.

  The three-dimensional graphic information of the building 2 and the structure in the site 3 where the target building 2 constructed by the input means 32 is constructed is the three-dimensional graphic of the building / structure in the target site serving as the three-dimensional graphic information storage means. The area around the site 3 such as the road 4 facing the site 3 that is stored in the information database 33 (hereinafter referred to as the “three-dimensional graphic information DB of the building / structure in the target site”) 33 The three-dimensional graphic information of the public zone where a large number of unspecified persons can pass or enter is also the three-dimensional graphic information database of the public zone around the target site 3 (hereinafter referred to as “the target zone around the target site”). The 3D graphic information of the neighboring building and the neighboring structure in the adjacent site adjacent to the site 3 where the target building 2 was built is also stored in the 3D graphic information database. Solid figure information database of neighboring buildings and nearby structures comprising a means (hereinafter, referred to as "three-dimensional graphic information DB neighbor buildings and close structure") is stored in the 35.

  The input means 32 is information on the amount of traffic that passes through a public zone (for example, the road 4 facing the site 3) where an unspecified number of people around the site 3 where the target building 2 is built can pass or enter, It also serves as viewer information input means for inputting viewer information such as information on the visual line height distribution of the passing human.

  Various types of viewer information input by the input unit 32 are stored in a viewer information database (hereinafter referred to as “viewer information DB”) 36 serving as a viewer information storage unit.

  The viewer information stored in the viewer information DB 36 is traffic by season, weather, and time zone of passers-by such as pedestrians, bicycles or car drivers passing through public zones such as the road 4 facing the site 3. Such as the distribution of the quantity, the distribution of the line-of-sight of the passerby (the height of the line of sight considering the height, saddle and seat height), the angle of the line of sight between the passer-by direction and the point of view It is possible to adopt a database that is preliminarily taken into consideration.

  For example, when the weather is bad, commuting and attending school hours, even if the amount of traffic is large, passers-by does not observe the surroundings very much, so the visibility is low, and when it is dark at night or the like, the visibility is low.

  The CPU (central processing unit) 37 receives the object from the three-dimensional graphic information DB33 of the building / structure in the target site, the three-dimensional graphic information DB34 of the public zone around the target site, and the three-dimensional graphic information DB35 of the neighboring building / neighboring structure. A plurality of horizontal planes parallel to the reference horizontal plane of a predetermined height set for the building 2 and a plurality of vertical planes parallel to the reference elevation of the predetermined direction set for the target building 2 It also serves as a solid grid creating means for creating a plurality of solid grids divided by the surface.

  The reference horizontal plane having a predetermined height set for the target building 2 may be, for example, a ground level horizontal plane on which the building 2 in the site 3 is built, and is parallel to the reference horizontal plane at a predetermined unit height. The three-dimensional figure information is divided in the horizontal direction by a plurality of horizontal planes.

  The reference elevation in a predetermined direction set for the target building 2 is, for example, an opening structure parallel to or perpendicular to the road 4 facing the site 3 where the target building 2 is constructed, or at a predetermined angle. The three-dimensional figure information is divided in the vertical direction by a plurality of elevation surfaces parallel to the elevation surface and at predetermined unit distances. A plurality of three-dimensional grids divided by a plurality of horizontal planes and elevations configured as described above can be created for each piece of solid figure information.

  The CPU 37 also stores the viewer information stored in the viewer information DB 36, the three-dimensional graphic information DB 33 of the building / structure in the target site, the three-dimensional graphic information DB 34 of the public zone around the target site, the neighboring buildings / neighbors. Based on each solid figure information stored in the three-dimensional figure information DB 35 of the structure, the building 2 from a public zone where an unspecified number of people around the site 3 where the target building 2 is built can pass or enter. It also serves as a visibility calculation means for calculating the visibility of the outer wall surface when the outer wall surface is visually observed.

  The CPU 37 also serves as a visibility plotting means for plotting the visibility calculated by the visibility calculation means on the solid grid created by the solid grid creation means.

  Further, the CPU 37 also serves as an intrusion risk determination unit that determines an intrusion risk level based on the density of the plot data plotted by the visibility plot unit, and further, the intrusion determined by the intrusion risk level determination unit. It also serves as zone division means for dividing the open space around the building 2 into a plurality of zones based on the degree of risk.

  For example, the zone classification means counts, for each three-dimensional grid, the frequency that can be viewed from a plurality of different line-of-sight angles by means of a equipped counter, and classifies the plurality of three-dimensional grids in descending order of the number of counts. Thus, the open space around the building 2 can be divided into a plurality of zones.

  The output means 38 is composed of a display device such as a display, a printing device, etc., and is provided on a site drawing prepared in advance for each zone in the site 3 where the target building 2 divided by the zone sorting means also serving as the CPU 37 is built. It outputs as the display object for the security building presentation of various forms displayed. The display object for crime prevention building presentation may be displayed on a site drawing displayed on a display of a personal computer, or may be displayed on a site drawing described on paper or a resin sheet. . Reference numeral 39 denotes a memory serving as storage means.

  When judging the invasion risk level, the outer wall surface of the building 2 when the outer wall surface of the building 2 is visually observed from a public zone where an unspecified number of people around the site 3 where the target building 2 is built can pass or enter. The visibility is plotted, and the penetration risk is determined based on the density of the plotted data.

  That is, if the number of plots is large, it can be determined that the visibility from the public zone is high and the risk of entry is low, and if the number of plots is small, the visibility from the public zone is low and the risk of entry is high. I can do it.

  Then, the open space around the target building 2 is divided into a plurality of zones according to the determined invasion risk. Then, the divided zones are displayed on the site 3 drawing where the target building 2 is constructed. The display for security building presentation may be displayed on the site drawing displayed on the display of a personal computer, etc., or it may be displayed on the site drawing written on paper or resin sheet. Also good.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing how the crime prevention support system 31 according to the present invention is used. In step S ₁ in FIG. 4, and inputs various information of the building 2 and structures on site 3 of purposes, various types of information in public zone around the site 3 of purposes, various types of information of the neighboring buildings and nearby structures.

In step S _2, it sets the evaluation surface. In setting the evaluation surface, the visibility (invasion risk) is evaluated based on the target site 3 and building 2 information input by the input means 32 in step S ₁ and information on the public zone around the site 3. Set the surface to be used.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the evaluation surface is the surface of the building 2 that is viewed when a passerby moves from a predetermined direction on the road 4 facing the site 3 that is a public zone around the site 3. As appropriate.

In step S _3, it sets the passers viewpoint. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, for example, different positions A, B, and C on the road 4 of the passerby moving on the road 4 facing the site 3 can be set.

  The line-of-sight height is the amount of traffic by season, weather, and time zone of pedestrians, bicycles or car drivers passing through public zones such as the road 4 facing the site 3 stored in the viewer information DB 36 And the distribution of the line-of-sight height of the passersby (the line-of-sight height considering the height, saddle and seat height).

In step S _4, determine the visibility by performing the calculation of the visible range. For example, assuming that the object is viewed from the position A on the road 4 shown in FIG. 5, the three-dimensional graphic information of the neighboring ridge 22 stored in the three-dimensional graphic information DB 35 of neighboring buildings / neighboring structures, Solid figure information of the hedge 23 which is a structure in the target site 3 stored in the solid figure information DB 33 of the structure, and solid figure information of the road 4 stored in the solid figure information DB 34 of the public zone around the target site The visibility range is calculated by taking into account factors such as the line-of-sight angle formed between the pass-by direction of the passer-by and the view target point based on the pass-by height of the passer-by stored in the viewer information DB 36.

  The hatched portion of the building 2 in FIG. 5 indicates a range in which the adjacent fence 22 and hedge 23 block the line of sight and cannot be seen, and the white portion other than the shaded portion is calculated as the visible range, and visibility is obtained. .

In step _{S 5,} and moves to the next viewpoint, repeating the steps _S 3 to S ₅ for each viewpoint. For example, assuming a case in which the vehicle is visually moved from a position A on the road 4 shown in FIG. 5 to a position B and a position C on the road 4 shown in FIGS. 3D graphics information of the neighbor's cage 22 stored in the 3D graphics information DB 35, and the 3D structure of the hedge 23 which is a structure in the target site 3 stored in the 3D graphics information DB 33 of the building / structure in the target site From the figure information, the three-dimensional figure information of the road 4 stored in the three-dimensional figure information DB 34 of the public zone around the target site, and the passer-by direction of the passer-by and the viewing target point from the passer's line-of-sight height stored in the viewer information DB 36 The visible range is calculated in consideration of factors such as the line-of-sight angle and the like, and the respective visibility is obtained.

  6 shows a range where the adjacent fence 22 and hedge 23 cannot see the line of sight, and the vertical hatched part of building 2 shown in FIG. The range where the line of sight does not come off and does not obscure and only the hedge 23 blocks the line of sight and cannot be visually recognized, and the white area other than the hatched part is calculated as the visible range in both cases, and the visibility is obtained.

In step S _5, the calculation of the visible range at all viewpoints completed, the process proceeds to step S _6, to accumulate the number of visible perspective. In step S ₆ , the three-dimensional grid created by the three-dimensional grid creation means that the CPU 37 also serves as a plurality of three-dimensional grids divided by a plurality of horizontal surfaces and a plurality of vertical surfaces, and is represented by the visible ranges for the positions A, B, and C on the road 4. The visibility is plotted, and by combining these plot data, the density of the plot data is calculated as shown in FIG.

  The area a on the elevation surface of the building 2 shown in FIG. 8 is an area that can be seen from any of the positions A, B, and C on the road 4, and the area b is also visible from the positions B and C on the road 4. Similarly, the area c is an area that is visible only from the position C on the road 4, and the areas d and e are areas that are not visible from any of the positions A, B, and C on the road 4. .

  The density of such plot data is, for example, 3/3 of the solid grid included in the region a, 2/3 of the solid grid included in the region b, 1/3 of the solid grid included in the region c, the region d, The number of visible viewpoints can be integrated by representing the three-dimensional grid included in e as a digital value such as 0/3.

  As a result, when the outer wall surface of the building 2 is visually observed from the road 4 facing the site 3 which is a public zone where an unspecified number of people around the site 3 where the target building 2 is built can pass or enter. The visibility of the outer wall surface can be plotted, and the penetration risk can be determined based on the density of the plotted data.

  That is, the three-dimensional grid included in the area “a” represented by the digital value 3/3 has a low risk of intrusion, and the three-dimensional grid included in the area “b” represented by the digital value 2/3 has a low risk of intrusion. The 3D grid included in the area c represented by the digital value 1/3 has a slightly high risk of intrusion, and the 3D grid included in the areas d and e represented by the digital value 0/3 has a risk of intrusion. It can be judged as high.

In step S _7, a security building presentation for display thereof on the grounds 3 figures displayed on a display or the like of a personal computer as a display unit an output unit 38 determines intrusion risk at the step S ₆ Display output or display on a site drawing written on a sheet of paper or resin as other security building presentation display.

In step S _8, the purpose of the building 2 around the open space in response to the determined intrusion risk at the step S _6, divided into a plurality of zones, as shown in FIG. 1, the purpose of each zone it like Is displayed on the drawing of the site 3 where the building 2 is constructed.

  For example, in FIG. 8, the area d where no opening is provided on the outer wall surface of the building 2 and the area a appearing over the entire outer wall surface can be removed based on the solid figure information of the building 2, and the remaining Based on the arrangement of the regions b, c, e, it can be divided into a plurality of zones.

  In the site 3 where the target building 2 is constructed, an open space around the building 2 facing the solid grid included in the area e of FIG. 8 determined to have a high intrusion risk is set as a care zone 8 serving as a security zone, An open space around the building 2 that faces the solid grid included in the area c determined to have a slightly high intrusion risk is set as a private zone 7 that serves as a security zone, and the area b determined to have a low intrusion risk An open space around the building 2 facing the included solid grid can be set as an access zone 6 serving as an open zone.

  Note that the boundary between the access zone 6 and the private zone 7 is shown in FIG. 8 when the position of the opening is high on the outer wall surface of the building 2 or when the opening is located behind the road 4 (right side of FIG. 8A). It is also possible to move to the right side of (a).

  Then, the access zone 6, the private zone 7 and the care zone 8 that have been set are output means 38 and are displayed on the site 3 where the target building 2 is constructed as shown in FIG. Output as a display for security building presentation on the top, or on site drawings described on paper, resin sheets, etc. by a printer or the like as a recording means as output means 38 as another security building presentation display To output.

  Then, corresponding to each access zone 6, private zone 7, and care zone 8, as shown in FIG. 1 and described above, various intrusion countermeasures such as an opening structure and a crime prevention facility with different crime prevention performance are selected. As possible, it can be output by display or printing, and various intrusion countermeasures can be selected and installed as appropriate.

  As an example of use of the present invention, a crime prevention building that can be used for the design of a crime prevention building that can effectively prevent intruders from entering, and in particular can prevent damage before damage such as building damage by the intruder occurs. It can be used for design.

(A), (b) is a crime prevention building according to the present invention, the open space around the building is divided into an open zone and a crime prevention zone, and the opening structure and crime prevention equipment with different crime prevention performance corresponding to each of the divided zones It is the top view and perspective view which show an example which gave intrusion countermeasure means, such as. (A) is a top view which shows a mode that an outsider enters and exits freely in an open zone, (b) is a top view which shows a mode that the intruder who invaded the crime prevention zone is threatened and recorded by a crime prevention facility. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control system of the crime prevention assistance system which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows a mode that the crime prevention assistance system which concerns on this invention is utilized. It is a figure which shows each visibility when the outer wall surface of the target building is visually observed from different position A on the road which faces the site where the target building was built. It is a figure which shows each visibility when the outer wall surface of the target building is visually observed from different positions B on the road facing the site where the target building is constructed. It is a figure which shows each visibility when the outer wall surface of the target building is visually observed from different positions C on the road facing the site where the target building is constructed. Combined with the respective visibility shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, according to the frequency at which a passerby can see from a plurality of different viewing angles while moving on the road facing the site where the target building was built It is a figure which shows a mode that several solid grid was divided. It is a figure explaining a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Crime prevention building 2 ... Building 3 ... Site 4 ... Road 5 ... Outsider 5a ... Intruder 6 ... Access zone 7 ... Private zone 8 ... Care zone 9 ... Gate
10 ... Fence
11 ... Neighborhood eyes
12 ... Flowerbed
13 ... Doorbells and intercoms
14… Gas meter and electric meter
15 ... fences and fences
16 ... Sweeper window
17 ... Flash light
18 ... Sensor light camera
19 ... gravel floor
20 ... window
21 ... Flat lattice
22 ... Neighbor's nephew
23. Hedge
24a, 24b ... Escape route
31 ... Crime prevention support system
32 ... Input means
33… 3D graphic information DB of buildings and structures in the target site
34 ... 3D graphic information DB of public zone around the target site
35 ... 3D graphic information DB of neighboring buildings / neighboring structures
36 ... Viewer information DB
37 ... CPU
38 ... Output means
39 ... Memory A, B, C ... Different locations on the road

Claims (4)

A security building that prevents outsiders from entering the building through openings such as windows and doors of the building, and when the outside wall surface of the building is viewed from a public zone where an unspecified number of people can pass or enter A crime prevention building characterized in that an intrusion risk is determined according to the visibility of the outer wall surface, and an intrusion countermeasure means according to the invasion risk level is applied to an opening provided on the outer wall surface . The open space around the building is divided into an open zone that allows outsiders to enter and exit, and a security zone that prevents outsiders from entering and exiting. The crime prevention building according to claim 1, wherein the crime prevention building is subdivided into zones and is provided with intrusion countermeasure means corresponding to each invasion risk level. Plot the visibility of the outer wall surface when viewing the outer wall surface of the building from a public zone where an unspecified number of people can pass or enter, and determine the invasion risk based on the density of the plotted data. According to the determined invasion risk, the open space around the building is divided into an open zone that allows outsiders to enter and exit, and a security zone that prevents outsiders from entering and exiting, and each zone is classified into a building. Display for crime prevention building, characterized in that it is displayed on the site drawings. Three-dimensional graphic information of the buildings and structures in the site where the target building is built, and three-dimensional graphic information of public zones where an unspecified number of people around the site where the target building was built can pass or enter 3D graphic information input means for inputting 3D graphic information of neighboring buildings and neighboring structures in a neighboring site adjacent to the site where the target building was constructed;
Three-dimensional graphic information storage means for storing each three-dimensional graphic information input by the three-dimensional graphic information input means;
A plurality of horizontal planes parallel to a reference horizontal plane of a predetermined height set for the target building, and a setting for the target building, from each solid graphic information stored in the three-dimensional graphic information storage means A solid grid creating means for creating a plurality of solid grids divided by a plurality of vertical surfaces parallel to a reference vertical surface in a predetermined direction;
Viewers who input viewer information such as traffic volume information passing through public zones where many unspecified people around the site where the target building was built can pass or enter, and information on the gaze height distribution of the passing people Information input means;
Viewer information storage means for storing the viewer information input by the viewer information input means;
Based on the viewer information stored in the viewer information storage means and the three-dimensional graphic information stored in the three-dimensional graphic information storage means, an unspecified number of people around the site where the target building is built Visibility calculating means for calculating the visibility of the outer wall surface when the outer wall surface of the building is visually observed from a public zone that is accessible or accessible;
Visibility plotting means for plotting the visibility calculated by the visibility calculation means on the 3D grid created by the 3D grid creation means;
An intrusion risk determining means for determining an intrusion risk based on the density of the plot data plotted by the visibility plot means;
Zone dividing means for dividing the open space around the target building into a plurality of zones based on the intrusion risk determined by the intrusion risk determining means;
Output means for outputting each zone in the site where the target building divided by the zone dividing means is built; and
A crime prevention support system characterized by comprising:

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