JP2005173212A - Stereoscopic image display apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stereoscopic image display apparatus enabling a viewer to view a stereoscopic image even in a naked eye state without using a member such as a special spectacles. <P>SOLUTION: The stereoscopic image display apparatus 21 is constituted so that a viewer can view stereoscopic images by rotating a transparent display panel 22 constituted of arraying EL elements 10 like a dot matrix by a motor 27 and displaying images on the transparent display panel synchronously with the rotational angle of the panel 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display device for causing a viewer to visually recognize a stereoscopic image by displaying an image on a transparent display.

For example, an amusement device represented by an arcade game, a medical device that displays an image of an affected area captured by a CT scan, and a video conference system that performs a conference with a distant partner by displaying images mutually For example, there is a demand for displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image so as to obtain a sense of reality and a real feeling.
As a conventional stereoscopic image display device, for example, in Patent Document 1, a viewer puts on glasses for stereoscopic images, a right eye image and a left eye image are displayed on a display, and the viewer's right eye is displayed. Discloses a technique for artificially recognizing a stereoscopic image by allowing the left eye to visually recognize the image for the left eye so that the image for the right eye is visually recognized.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-227498

However, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 has the following drawbacks.
-Special glasses are necessary for recognizing a stereoscopic image. For example, for a person who already wears glasses for myopia, there is an inconvenience that the glasses must be doubled. In addition, equipment such as glasses must be prepared for the number of viewers who want to view stereoscopic images simultaneously.
-The relationship of the position where the stereoscopic image can be visually recognized with respect to the display is determined, and if the viewer deviates from the position, the stereoscopic image cannot be visually recognized.
-Since retinal imaging is used to artificially recognize a stereoscopic image, some people may cause discomfort such as dizziness and disability.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to display a stereoscopic image that allows a viewer to visually recognize a stereoscopic image without using special equipment such as glasses. To provide an apparatus.

  According to the three-dimensional image display device according to claim 1, a transparent display device in which self-luminous pixels are arranged in a dot matrix is rotationally driven, and an image is displayed on the transparent display device in synchronization with the rotation angle. To make the viewer visually recognize a three-dimensional image. That is, when the transparent display is driven to rotate, an afterimage of the display image appears in the viewer's eyes. Therefore, if the image is displayed in synchronization with the rotation angle of the display, a stereoscopic image is displayed on the viewer's sight. Visual recognition is possible. Therefore, it is not necessary to use equipment such as special glasses. Moreover, by using a transparent display, it is possible to make all the viewers located around the viewer see a stereoscopic image. In addition, since the afterimage phenomenon is used, the viewer does not feel uncomfortable.

  According to the stereoscopic image display device of claim 2, a transparent display device in which self-luminous pixels are arranged in a dot matrix is driven in a direction perpendicular to the display surface, and in synchronization with the displacement position. By displaying the image on the transparent display, the viewer can visually recognize a stereoscopic image. That is, also in this case, since the afterimage of the display image is reflected in the viewer's eyes, if the image is displayed in synchronization with the displacement position of the display device, the viewer can visually recognize a stereoscopic image. It becomes possible.

According to the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 3, the display control means changes the image displayed on the transparent display so as to change the stereoscopic image visually recognized by the viewer, so the display pattern of the stereoscopic image is changed. It is also possible to display a moving image in three dimensions.
According to the stereoscopic image display device of the fourth aspect, since the drive mechanism drives the display control means together with the transparent display, it is not necessary to consider the drive state for the wiring of the signal transmitted between them.

According to the three-dimensional image display device of the fifth aspect, the display control means changes the three-dimensional image that the viewer visually recognizes based on the image signal given from the outside, so that more various displays can be performed as necessary. Can be changed.
According to the stereoscopic image display device of the sixth aspect, since the display control means receives an image signal given from the outside via the wireless communication means, the display control means is in a state of being driven together with the transparent display by the drive mechanism. However, it is possible to easily receive an image signal transmitted from the outside.

  According to the stereoscopic image display device of the seventh aspect, by using the EL element as a pixel, it is possible to configure a transparent display with high luminance and little display unevenness.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of a stereoscopic image display apparatus. The stereoscopic image display device 21 includes a transparent display panel (transparent display) 22, a panel drive control unit 23, a turntable (drive mechanism) 24, and a rotation mechanism unit 25 (drive mechanism, see FIG. 2). That is, the transparent display panel 22 and the panel drive control unit 23 are fixed on the turntable 24 while being mounted.

  The transparent display panel 22 is configured with inorganic EL elements as pixels. FIG. 4 shows a configuration of the transparent display panel 22 by a schematic cross section. The transparent display panel 22 is configured by sequentially laminating a first electrode 3, a first insulating layer 4, a light emitting layer 5, a second insulating layer 6, and a second electrode 7 on the glass substrate 2 by vacuum deposition or sputtering. Has been. The first electrode 3 and the second electrode 7 are formed in directions orthogonal to each other, and are made of a transparent material such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), for example.

The light emitting layer 5 is formed of, for example, a semiconductor material such as ZnS or ZnSe, and emits yellow-orange when Mn is used as the light emission center material, green when Tb is used, and red when Sm is used. become. The first insulating layer 4 and the second insulating layer 6 are made of a dielectric material such as TiO ₂ , AlO ₃ , SiO ₂ , Si ₃ N ₄ . The thickness dimension of these layers is about 2 μm excluding the glass substrate 2. Further, another glass substrate 9 is pasted with an adhesive 8 for moisture resistance protection. The EL elements 10 are formed in a matrix at points where the plurality of first electrodes 3 and the second electrodes 7 intersect.

  FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the panel drive control unit 23. The transparent display panel 22 uses the first electrode 3 described above as a scanning electrode (hereinafter referred to as scanning electrode 3) and the second electrode 7 as a data electrode (hereinafter referred to as data electrode 7). The scanning electrode 3 is driven by a row driver IC (scanning side driving circuit) 12, and the data electrode 7 is driven by a column driver IC (data side driving circuit) 13. Note that the EL elements 10 arranged in an m × n matrix in the transparent display panel 22 are indicated by capacitor symbols in FIG.

  Although not specifically illustrated, the row driver IC 12 includes a shift register, an output control circuit, a voltage output unit, a level shift circuit that controls the voltage output unit based on logical data, and the like. The row driver IC 12 is configured such that the reference potential FGND in the floating state varies by switching, and the control signal output from the display control unit (display control means) 14 is level-converted by a photocoupler in the isolation circuit 15 or the like. It has come to be.

  The pulsed scanning voltage output by the row driver IC 12 is generated and supplied by the row composite circuit 17 based on the reference potential and various voltages supplied from the power supply circuit 16. The row driver IC 12 outputs a line-sequential scanning voltage to the scanning electrodes 3 based on the pulsed AC voltage supplied from the row composite circuit 17 and a control signal supplied via the isolation circuit 15. The scanning voltage is output as an AC voltage of −200V, 250V, for example.

  On the other hand, the column driver IC 13 is similarly composed of a shift register, an output control circuit, a voltage output unit, a level shift circuit for controlling the voltage output unit based on logical data, and the like. The pulsed data voltage output by the column driver IC 13 is generated and supplied by the column composite circuit 18 based on the reference potential and various voltages supplied from the power supply circuit 16. The column driver IC 13 outputs a data voltage to the data electrode 7 based on the pulse voltage supplied from the column composite circuit 18 and the control signal supplied from the display control unit 14. The data voltage is output with about 50V as a high level and 0V as a low level.

  Here, when the scanning voltage is 250 V, when 0 V is output as the data voltage, the combined voltage applied to both ends of the EL element 10 is 250 V, and the EL element 10 emits light, and 50 V is output as the data voltage. The combined voltage is 200 V, and the EL element 10 does not emit light. On the other hand, when the scanning voltage is −200 V, if 0 V is output as the data voltage, the combined voltage applied to both ends of the EL element 10 is 200 V, and the EL element 10 does not emit light, and 50 V is output as the data voltage. The combined voltage becomes 250 V and the EL element 10 emits light.

  The display control unit 14, which is a controller IC, is supplied with a screen switching signal, an angle signal (which will be described later), and a clock (CLK) signal from the outside, and each control signal is isolated from the input circuit based on the input signal. 15 and output to the row composite circuit 17 and the column composite circuit 18, respectively. The isolation circuit 15 is supplied with a circuit ground GND and a control power supply VCC.

  The power supply circuit 16 is composed of a DC-DC converter or the like having a switching regulator, and generates + Vrow (250 V), -Vrow (-200 V), and Vcol (about 50 V) based on a DC power supply VDD supplied from the outside. , And supplied to the row composite circuit 17 and the column composite circuit 18, respectively. The power supply circuit 16 passes the floating potential F5V and the floating reference potential FGND to the isolation circuit 15.

  FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the rotation mechanism unit 25. A motor 27 is fixed to the inner bottom portion of the case 26, and a rotating shaft 28 of the motor 27 extending upward is exposed to the outside through an opening 26 a provided above the case 26, and is turned to the tip thereof. The center of the table 24 is fixed. The encoder disk 29 is fixed in a state of penetrating the rotary shaft 28, and an optical encoder sensor 30 is disposed on the back surface of the upper cover of the case 26.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the configuration of the encoder portion. A plurality of slits 31A for outputting an A-phase signal are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the encoder disk 29 at every rotation angle of 15 degrees, and the Z-phase signal as the origin is output on the inner peripheral side thereof. The slit 31Z is formed. Encoder sensors 30A and 30Z are arranged in accordance with the positions of the slits 31A and 31Z.

  Although not specifically shown, the encoder sensor 30 includes a light projecting element and a light receiving element. The light emitted from the light projecting element is reflected by the encoder disk 29 and received by the light receiving element. However, the light is not reflected and is not received at the portion where the slit 31 is formed, so that the slit 31 is detected and the pulse is detected. Signals (A phase and Z phase signals) are output to the counter 32. The counter 32 is reset when the Z-phase signal is input (rotation angle 0 degree), and performs an up-count operation every time the A-phase signal is input. Therefore, 15 × (count value) indicates the rotation angle of the turntable 24. Here, the encoder disk 29, the encoder sensor 30, and the counter 32 constitute an encoder 33.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of the display control unit 14 by function. The display control unit 14 is roughly divided into a memory 34 and a controller 35. The controller 35 further includes a timer 36, a screen set calculation unit 37, a screen number calculation unit 38, a memory address calculation unit 39, and a drive waveform / control signal generation unit 40. In the following description, a set of images for displaying one stereoscopic image is referred to as an image set, and each image constituting the image set is referred to as an image part.

  The memory 34 stores image data forming a plurality of image sets. The screen set calculation unit 37 calculates which screen set is displayed according to a timing signal (or a screen switching signal given from outside) output at regular intervals by the timer 36, and the calculation result is stored in a memory address. The result is output to the calculation unit 39. Further, the screen number calculation unit 38 calculates which image part is displayed based on the angle data output from the encoder 33 and outputs the calculation result to the memory address calculation unit 39.

The memory address calculation unit 39 calculates which address in the memory 34 the image data stored in the memory 34 is read from the calculation results of the two calculation units 37 and 38, and outputs an address signal. The image data read from the memory 34 is supplied to the drive waveform / control signal generation unit 40 and converted into a control signal output to the driver ICs 12 and 13.
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 is an example of a stereoscopic image of a cube 41 whose side is W to be displayed by the stereoscopic image display device 21. Suppose that the origin of the rotation angle coordinate is 0 degree as the front of the stereoscopic image display device 21, and that one surface of the cube 41 is also facing the front. Then, when the cube 41 is viewed from the front (0 degree) direction, the width dimension is equal to W (see FIG. 8A, image part 1).

When the cube 41 is viewed at an angle of 15 degrees from the front, the lateral width of the cube 41 appears to be W / cos (15 °) (see FIG. 8B, image part 2). Similarly, when viewed at angles of 30 and 45 degrees, the lateral width of the cube 41 appears to be W / cos (30 °) and W / cos (45 °) (FIGS. 8C and 8D). ) Reference, image parts 3, 4).
Therefore, when the display surface of the transparent display panel 22 faces the front, the image part 1 is displayed, and when the display surface is tilted by 15 degrees by rotating the motor 27, the image part 2 is displayed. When the display surface is inclined by 30 degrees and 45 degrees, the image parts 3 and 4 are displayed, respectively. When the inclination of the display surface exceeds 45 degrees, the next surface of the cube 41 becomes visible, so when the inclination changes to 60 degrees, 75 degrees, and 90 degrees, the image parts 3, 2, 1 are displayed. Let

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, the above display pattern is repeated every 90 degrees. Then, during the period during which each image part is displayed, the afterimage of the image part displayed immediately before is reflected in the human eye, so that the viewer who views the rotating transparent display panel 22 can see the three-dimensional shape of the cube 41. An image can be visually recognized. For example, a display device that performs display using an afterimage is described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-213892 (however, a two-dimensional image is displayed using a one-dimensional display element array).
In this embodiment, since the display target is a cube 41, the number of parts constituting the image set is sufficient to be “4”, but a three-dimensional image can be sufficiently expressed according to the shape of the display target. The rotation angle resolution and the number of parts can be selected as appropriate.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the transparent display panel 22 in which the EL elements 10 are arranged in a dot matrix is rotated by the motor 27, and an image is displayed on the transparent display panel 22 in synchronization with the rotation angle. Thus, the stereoscopic display device 21 is configured so that the viewer can visually recognize a stereoscopic image. Therefore, it is not necessary to use equipment such as special glasses. In addition, by using the transparent display panel 22, a stereoscopic image can be visually recognized by all the viewers located around the transparent display panel 22.

And since the display control part 14 changes the image displayed on the transparent display panel 22 so that the three-dimensional image visually recognized by a viewer may be changed, the display pattern of a three-dimensional image is changed, or a moving image is three-dimensionally displayed. Can also be displayed. Therefore, when applied to, for example, an amusement device, high image expression power can be imparted.
Further, since the transparent display panel 22 and the panel drive control unit 23 are placed on the turntable 24 and both are integrally rotated by the rotation mechanism unit 25, it is not necessary to consider the drive state for the signal wiring between them. . In addition, by using the EL element 10 as a pixel, a transparent display panel 22 with high luminance and little display unevenness can be configured. By using the transparent display panel 22, the transparent display panel 22 can be viewed from different directions. Can visually recognize a stereoscopic image at the same time.

(Second embodiment)
10 and 11 show a second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted, and only different parts will be described below. The second embodiment employs a form in which image data is transferred from the outside in real time, unlike the form in which image data is stored in the memory 34 in advance, like the panel drive control unit 23 in the first embodiment. Show the case.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the controller 35A is constituted only by a drive waveform / control signal generation unit (display control means) 42. The drive waveform / control signal generation unit 42 receives a synchronization signal, a dot clock from the outside. A video signal is given. Then, the drive waveform / control signal generator 42 generates and outputs a drive signal and a control signal based on these signals. FIG. 11 shows an example of a specific waveform of each signal. The synchronization signal includes a vertical synchronization signal VSYNC having a frequency of 220 Hz and a horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC having a frequency of 27.0 kHz. The dot clock DCLK has a frequency of 5 MHz (cycle T = 200 ns), the video signal DATA0 is data for the low-side odd line, and the video signal DATA1 is data for the low-side coefficient line.

  The pixel matrix of the transparent display panel is 120 × 256. The cycle H of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC is 185T (= 37 μs) (see FIG. 11B), and the cycle V of the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC is 123H (= 4.551 ms) (see FIG. 11A). The horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC has a high level period of 2H at the beginning of each cycle. After that, 120 lines in the column direction are displayed based on the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC, and a 1H blank is placed to reach the next cycle.

FIG. 11C shows an enlarged view of one cycle of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC, from the beginning 117T is at a high level and 68T is at a low level. From the beginning of the HSYNC cycle, 15 is a blank, and during 128T, there are 128 lines of data for each of odd lines (1, 3,..., 255) and even lines (2, 4,..., 256). Is output (see FIGS. 11E and 11F). The 42T at the end of the cycle is also blank. The video signals DATA0, 1 cause the pixels to emit light at a low level and prevent the pixels from emitting light at a high level.
As described above, according to the second embodiment, the drive waveform / control signal generation unit 42 can change the stereoscopic image visually recognized by the viewer more variously as necessary based on the image signal given from the outside. it can. For example, when the present invention is applied to a medical device such as a CT (Computer Tomography) scan, an arbitrary image can be selected and displayed on the spot.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 12 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, and only different portions from the first and second embodiments will be described. In the configuration of the second embodiment, if an image signal is given to the drive waveform / control signal generator 42 from the outside, the drive waveform / control signal generator 42 located on the turntable 24 is actually It is necessary to transmit a signal from the fixed side to the movable side through a mechanism such as a slip ring (for example, see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-213892 and FIG. 2). However, as shown in the second embodiment, since the image signal includes a signal on the order of MHz, there is a concern that malfunction may occur when noise is included in the image signal or the like in the movable mechanism section.

  Therefore, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, a transmitter (wireless communication means) 43 and a receiver (wireless communication means) 44 conforming to the Bluetooth (registered trademark) standard are used, and the stereoscopic display device 45 is externally connected. Send an image signal. That is, the external signal transmission side includes a transmitter 43, and modulates and transmits a radio signal with each signal shown in the second embodiment. The stereoscopic display device 45 includes a receiver 44 that demodulates the received radio signal and outputs the demodulated radio signal to the drive waveform / control signal generator 42. The drive waveform / control signal generator 42 plus the receiver 44 constitutes a panel drive controller (display control means) 46.

  According to the third embodiment configured as described above, the drive waveform / control signal generation unit 42 receives the image signal given from the outside via the receiver 44, and therefore, via the mechanically configured movable unit. The signal can be transmitted without being transmitted, and the image signal transmitted from the outside can be easily received even when the rotation mechanism unit 25 is driven together with the transparent display panel 22.

(Fourth embodiment)
13 and 14 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and only the parts different from the first embodiment will be described. In the stereoscopic display device 47 of the fourth embodiment, a transparent display panel 22 and a panel drive circuit section (display control means) 23A instead of the panel drive circuit section 23 are mounted on a slide mechanism section (drive mechanism) 48, and a transparent display panel is provided. 22 is configured to reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the display surface.

  That is, the slide mechanism portion 48 forms a so-called linear actuator, and is composed of two slide rails 49a and 49b and a table 50 placed on the rails 49a and 49b. It is moved along the rails 49a and 49b in the front-rear direction in FIG. On the table 50, the transparent display panel 22 and the panel drive circuit unit 23A are placed and fixed.

Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 14A is a side view of the stereoscopic display device 47, and FIG. 14B is a view of image parts displayed according to the displacement position of the transparent display panel 22 from the front. In each of the displacement positions (1) to (4), elliptical figures having different sizes are displayed as image parts 1 to 4.
That is, the panel drive circuit unit 22 of the first embodiment changes the image parts to be displayed according to the rotation angle of the transparent display panel 22, but the panel drive circuit unit 22A of the third embodiment does not change the transparent display panel 22. The image parts to be displayed are changed according to the linear displacement position. By performing display in such a form, the afterimage effect still acts on the human eye, and the egg-shaped three-dimensional shape 51 can be made visible to the one viewing the three-dimensional display device 47 from the side.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, the stereoscopic display device 47 drives the transparent display panel 22 in the direction perpendicular to the display surface by the slide mechanism 48 and synchronizes with the displacement position. By displaying the image on the display panel 22, the viewer can visually recognize the stereoscopic image, and in this case, the viewer can also visually recognize the stereoscopic image.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, and the following modifications or expansions are possible.

In addition, the transparent display may be configured by using an inorganic EL element as a pixel, a VFD (Vacuum Fluorescence Display), a PDP (Plasma Display Panel), or the like.
The drive mechanism may be configured to manually drive a transparent display or the like.
Further, only the transparent display may be driven and displaced by the driving mechanism.
Only one set of stereoscopic images may be displayed.

Instead of the encoder 33, a signal indicating the rotation angle may be obtained based on the drive pulse of the motor 27 (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-213892).
The wireless communication means in the third embodiment is not limited to Bluetooth (registered trademark) but may be other wireless LANs.
The configuration of the fourth embodiment may be combined with the configurations of the second and third embodiments.

The perspective view which is 1st Example of this invention and shows the external appearance structure of a three-dimensional image display apparatus. Front direction sectional view showing the configuration of the rotation mechanism Plan view showing the configuration of the encoder part Schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the transparent display panel Functional block diagram showing the electrical configuration of the panel drive controller Block diagram showing the internal configuration of the display controller by function The figure which shows the example of a three-dimensional image of the cube whose side is W which it is going to display with a three-dimensional image display The figure which shows the image part of the image set which comprises the stereo image of FIG. The figure which shows the output pattern of the image part according to the rotation position of the transparent display panel FIG. 6 equivalent view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. A figure showing an example of a specific waveform of each signal FIG. 6 equivalent view showing a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 equivalent view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a side view of a stereoscopic display device, (b) is a view of image parts displayed according to the displacement position of a transparent display panel as seen from the front.

Explanation of symbols

In the drawings, 10 is an inorganic EL element (pixel), 14 is a display control unit (display control means), 20 is a stereoscopic image display device, 21 is a transparent display panel (transparent display), and 22 is a panel drive circuit unit (display control). Means), 25 is a rotation mechanism 25 (drive mechanism), 42 is a drive waveform / control signal generator (display control means), 43 is a transmitter (wireless communication means), 44 is a receiver (wireless communication means), and 45 is a three-dimensional object. An image display device, 46 is a panel drive control unit (display control means), 47 is a stereoscopic image display device, and 48 is a slide mechanism unit (drive mechanism).

Claims (7)

A transparent display in which self-luminous pixels are arranged in a dot matrix;
A drive mechanism for rotationally driving the transparent display;
3D comprising display control means for controlling a viewer to view a stereoscopic image by displaying an image on the transparent display in synchronization with a rotation angle of the transparent display Image display device. A transparent display in which self-luminous pixels are arranged in a dot matrix;
A drive mechanism for driving the transparent display in a direction perpendicular to the display surface;
3D comprising display control means for controlling a viewer to view a stereoscopic image by displaying an image on the transparent display in synchronization with a displacement position of the transparent display Image display device.   The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the display control unit changes an image displayed on the transparent display so as to change a stereoscopic image visually recognized by a viewer.   The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drive mechanism is configured to drive the display control unit together with the transparent display.   5. The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the display control means changes a stereoscopic image that is viewed by a viewer based on an image signal given from outside.   6. The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the display control means receives an image signal given from the outside via a wireless communication means. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1, wherein the transparent display is configured by using an EL element as a pixel.

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