JP2005163957A - Sliding material - Google Patents

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JP2005163957A
JP2005163957A JP2003405687A JP2003405687A JP2005163957A JP 2005163957 A JP2005163957 A JP 2005163957A JP 2003405687 A JP2003405687 A JP 2003405687A JP 2003405687 A JP2003405687 A JP 2003405687A JP 2005163957 A JP2005163957 A JP 2005163957A
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ptfe
sliding material
polytetrafluoroethylene
composition
friction
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Daisuke Yoshitome
大輔 吉留
Masaru Yoshikawa
勝 吉川
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Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd
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Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem wherein large difference in coefficients of friction and abrasion caused by the variation in the types of lubricant, is found in a sliding material impregnated and coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene composition on its surface of a porous metal sintered layer backed with a metallic back metal, as the lubricant of mineral oil base and that of synthetic oil are used for a shock absorber guide bush and a bush for a compressor. <P>SOLUTION: A polytetrafluoroethylene composition composed of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) including cross-linked polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is impregnated and coated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、ショックアブソーバーガイドブシュ、コンプレッサー用ブシュなどの油潤滑条件下での使用に適した摺動材料であり、金属裏金に裏打ちされた多孔質金属焼結層の表面に、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン組成物を含浸および被覆してなる摺動材料に関するものである。     The present invention is a sliding material suitable for use under oil lubrication conditions such as a shock absorber guide bush and a bush for a compressor. The present invention relates to a sliding material impregnated and coated with a composition.

ショックアブソーバーは潤滑油を封入したシリンダー内を上下動するピストンを有しており、ピストンとシリンダーの間にはガイドブシュが液密に封入されている。ガイドブシュに要求される特性は、(イ)低摩擦性、(ロ)異物埋収性、(ハ)液体のキャビテーショ
ンに対する耐キャビテーション性などである。ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(以下「PTFE」という)はこれらの要求特性を基本的に満足するが、乗用車の乗り後心地の改善のために一層の性能向上が要求されている。
The shock absorber has a piston that moves up and down in a cylinder filled with lubricating oil, and a guide bush is sealed in a liquid-tight manner between the piston and the cylinder. The characteristics required for the guide bush include (a) low friction, (b) foreign matter embedment, and (c) cavitation resistance against liquid cavitation. Polytetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as “PTFE”) basically satisfies these required characteristics, but further improvement in performance is required to improve the passenger comfort after riding.

特許文献1(特公昭61−52322号公報)によると、PTFEに添加剤として4ふっ化エチレンパーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合樹脂(PFA)を添加したものが潤滑油中での耐キャビテーション性の改善することが開示された。
特公昭61−52322号公報 特許第3003889号公報 日立電線(株)社技報、No.20(2001-1)第153〜158頁
According to Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-52322), PTFE added with tetrafluoroethylene perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer resin (PFA) as an additive improves cavitation resistance in lubricating oil. It was disclosed.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-52322 Japanese Patent No. 3003889 Hitachi Cable, Ltd. Technical Bulletin, No.20 (2001-1) pp.153-158

PTFEは、その材料の特性から、無潤滑での使用に適しており、市場においても無潤滑軸受の代表的材料とされている。しかし、油潤滑での使用部位には好んで使用されておらず、油潤滑域で使用する場合には、油と相性のよい添加材(例えばPb、Zn、Gr等)、または、硬質物(例えばアルミニウム、珪素等の酸化物)を加えるか、または他の樹脂とのブレンドした複合材料としている。
ショックアブソーバーにはショックアブソーバーフルードとして、鉱油ベース、合成油ベースなどの潤滑油が使用されているが、従来のPTFE系摺動材料は潤滑油の種類により摩擦係数および摩耗量に大きな差が生じる。
本発明は、潤滑油に影響されず、優れた摩擦摩耗特性をもつ摺動材料を提供することを目的とする。
PTFE is suitable for non-lubricated use due to the characteristics of its material, and is regarded as a representative material for non-lubricated bearings in the market. However, it is not preferred for use in oil lubrication, and when used in an oil lubrication area, additives that are compatible with oil (such as Pb, Zn, Gr, etc.) or hard materials ( For example, an oxide such as aluminum or silicon) is added, or a composite material blended with another resin is used.
As the shock absorber fluid, mineral oil-based and synthetic oil-based lubricating oils are used as shock absorber fluids. However, conventional PTFE sliding materials have a large difference in friction coefficient and wear amount depending on the type of lubricating oil.
An object of this invention is to provide the sliding material which is not influenced by lubricating oil and has the outstanding friction-wear characteristic.

本発明は、金属裏金に裏打ちされた多孔質金属焼結層の表面に、架橋ポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含むポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)からなるポリテトラフルオロエチレン組成物(以下「PTFE組成物」という)を含浸および被覆してなる摺動材料に関するものである。以下、本発明を説明する。
フッ素樹脂は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、クロロトリフルオロエチレン、ビニルフルオライド、ビニリデンフルオライドなどの基本構造が重合または共重合した構造を有しており、一般には直鎖型が多い。かかるフッ素樹脂をPTFE組成物に使用することができる。本発明は、架橋PTFEとしてモノマーを介さずに直接ふっ素を含むC-F分子構造が架橋したPTFEを一部含有するPTFEを多孔質焼結金属に含浸・被覆することを特徴とするものである。かかる架橋PTFEは非特許文献1に記述され、耐クリープ性に優れているためにガラス繊維などにより繊維強化する必要がなく、ガラス繊維による相手材損傷が起こり難い性質を利用してリップシールやバルブシートに使用することが提案されている。
The present invention provides a polytetrafluoroethylene composition (hereinafter referred to as “PTFE composition”) comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) containing crosslinked polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of a porous metal sintered layer backed by a metal backing. ) Is impregnated and coated. The present invention will be described below.
A fluororesin has a structure in which a basic structure such as polytetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene fluoride or the like is polymerized or copolymerized, and is generally linear. Such fluororesins can be used in PTFE compositions. The present invention is characterized in that a porous sintered metal is impregnated and coated with PTFE partially containing PTFE crosslinked with a CF molecular structure containing fluorine directly without using a monomer as a crosslinked PTFE. Such a cross-linked PTFE is described in Non-Patent Document 1, and since it has excellent creep resistance, it is not necessary to reinforce the fiber with glass fiber or the like, and lip seals and valves are used by utilizing the property that the other material is not easily damaged by glass fiber. Proposed for use in sheets.

本発明者らは架橋PTFEと通常のPTFEを混合すると、潤滑油中下での低摩擦及び耐摩耗性に優れることを見出した。この理由は次のところにあると考えられる。(a)樹脂を構成する個々の低分子量PTFE分子を架橋することにより高分子の架橋PTFEが得られる;(b)このため、低分子を架橋した組織は微細であり、かつC-F分子が直接相互に固定されているので、材料の剛性および耐クリープ性が高い;(c)このため、架橋PTFEの塑性変形が抑制され、そして耐摩耗性が向上する;(d)架橋PTFEは通常のPTFEよりも無潤滑条件で摩擦係数が若干高い;但し剛性が向上することで油膜が形成し易くなるために低摩擦係数になる。   The present inventors have found that when cross-linked PTFE and normal PTFE are mixed, they are excellent in low friction and wear resistance in a lubricating oil. The reason for this is considered to be as follows. (a) A crosslinked PTFE of a polymer is obtained by crosslinking individual low molecular weight PTFE molecules constituting the resin; (b) For this reason, the structure in which the low molecules are crosslinked is fine and the CF molecules directly interact with each other. (C) Therefore, the plastic deformation of the crosslinked PTFE is suppressed and the wear resistance is improved; (d) The crosslinked PTFE is more than ordinary PTFE. However, the coefficient of friction is slightly high under the non-lubricated condition; however, since the oil film is easily formed by improving the rigidity, the coefficient of friction is low.

一方通常のPTFEは、摩擦係数は小さいが、剛性が低いため、樹脂膜の破断が起こり易く、摩擦摩耗特性に劣る。このために、従来はPTFEにPFA,ポリアミドイミド樹脂などの添加剤を添加することにより特性の改良をしていたが、耐摩耗性はある程度向上したが潤滑油による影響が大きく、ショックアブソーバーの性能向上に沿うものではなかった。PFAはPTFE(C2F4)とパーフルオロアルコキシエチレンとの共重合体であり、本発明で使用される架橋PTFEと構造式が非常に似ているが、分子間にOが介在(エーテル結合)しており、架橋PTFEと比較して結合力が弱く、流動しやすい特性と予測される。ポリアミドイミド樹脂は他材料との結合力強く、バインダーとして利用されるものの、それ自身の摩擦は大きいためPTFEが特徴とする小さな摩擦係数は犠牲になってしまう。したがって、本発明においては、通常のPTFEと架橋PTFEを混合することにより良好な摩耗特性が得られる。 On the other hand, normal PTFE has a small friction coefficient but low rigidity, so that the resin film easily breaks and is inferior in friction and wear characteristics. For this reason, the properties have been improved by adding additives such as PFA and polyamide-imide resin to PTFE, but the wear resistance has been improved to some extent, but the effect of the lubricant is large, and the performance of the shock absorber It was not in line with the improvement. PFA is a copolymer of PTFE (C 2 F 4 ) and perfluoroalkoxyethylene, which is very similar in structural formula to the cross-linked PTFE used in the present invention, but O intervenes between the molecules (ether bond) ) And has a weaker binding force than cross-linked PTFE and is expected to flow easily. Polyamideimide resin has strong bonding strength with other materials and is used as a binder, but its own friction is large, so the small coefficient of friction characteristic of PTFE is sacrificed. Therefore, in the present invention, good wear characteristics can be obtained by mixing ordinary PTFE and crosslinked PTFE.

PTFEに架橋PTFEを添加することで樹脂膜の剛性が高くなり、本来PTFEの有する低摩擦係数が確保され、摩擦摩耗特性に優れた材料が得られる。但し、架橋PTFEの量が多いと、材料の剛性が高くなり摩擦が高くなり、一方、架橋PTFEの量が少ないと耐摩耗性の効果が得られない。したがって、架橋PTFEの量としては、1.0〜50vol%が好ましい。   By adding cross-linked PTFE to PTFE, the rigidity of the resin film is increased, the low friction coefficient inherent to PTFE is ensured, and a material having excellent friction and wear characteristics can be obtained. However, if the amount of cross-linked PTFE is large, the rigidity of the material becomes high and the friction becomes high. On the other hand, if the amount of cross-linked PTFE is small, the effect of wear resistance cannot be obtained. Therefore, the amount of crosslinked PTFE is preferably 1.0 to 50 vol%.

架橋PTFEは、PTFEを不活性ガス雰囲気中において融点付近で電子線、γ線に代表される電離性放射線を照射して得ることができる。架橋PTFEの化学式は例えば、

Figure 2005163957
Cross-linked PTFE can be obtained by irradiating PTFE with ionizing radiation typified by electron beams and γ rays in the vicinity of the melting point in an inert gas atmosphere. The chemical formula of cross-linked PTFE is, for example,
Figure 2005163957

の構造式で表される。
前記PTFE組成物に加えて、下記群から選択される少なくとも1種類の充填剤が含有され、これらが多孔質金属焼結層の表面に含浸および被覆されていることが好ましい。
(イ)グラファイト、二硫化モリブデン等の固体潤滑剤、
(ロ)球状カーボン、カーボン繊維、金属酸化物、セラミックス等の耐摩耗性添加剤
(ハ) 金属硫化物、鉛、亜鉛等の摩擦調整剤
から選択される少なくとも1種類の充填剤を多孔質金属焼結層の表面に含浸および被覆することができる。充填剤の含有量が、該充填剤及びPTFE組成物の合計に対して、0.1〜15容量%であることが好ましい。
It is represented by the structural formula of
In addition to the PTFE composition, at least one filler selected from the following group is preferably contained, and these are preferably impregnated and coated on the surface of the sintered porous metal layer.
(A) Solid lubricants such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide
(B) Wear resistant additives such as spherical carbon, carbon fiber, metal oxide, ceramics, etc. (c) At least one filler selected from friction modifiers such as metal sulfide, lead, zinc, etc. The surface of the sintered layer can be impregnated and coated. The content of the filler is preferably 0.1 to 15% by volume with respect to the total of the filler and the PTFE composition.

焼結合金層の焼結合金の組成及び厚さは公知のものであり、特許文献2(特許第3003889号公報)の段落番号0008、0009に記載されたものを使用することできる。
含浸及び被覆の方法は特許文献2の段落番号0018に記載された方法とすることができる。
The composition and thickness of the sintered alloy of the sintered alloy layer are known, and those described in paragraph Nos. 0008 and 0009 of Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent No. 3003889) can be used.
The method of impregnation and coating can be the method described in paragraph No. 0018 of Patent Document 2.

基礎試験(ドライ条件)
鋼板上にりん青銅を多孔質に焼結した材料の摺動材料を構成する各成分の混合物を含浸した後、350〜400℃で焼成を行い、摺動材料を得た。
摺動材料はPTFEのみ(図1において一点鎖線);PTFE+PFA(図1において実線);PTFE +架橋PTFE(図1において点線)の3種類につき、先ずドライ条件での摺動特性を調べた。
PTFEとしては、三井デュポンフロロケミカルの製品PTFE:316Jを使用し、架橋PTFEは日立電線株式会社の製品XF-1Aを使用した。 また、焼結層表面からの樹脂膜の厚さは0.02〜0.04mmである。
Basic test (dry conditions)
After impregnating the mixture of each component which comprises the sliding material of the material which sintered phosphor bronze porous on the steel plate, it baked at 350-400 degreeC and obtained the sliding material.
The sliding properties of PTFE alone (dotted line in FIG. 1); PTFE + PFA (solid line in FIG. 1); PTFE + crosslinked PTFE (dotted line in FIG. 1) were examined first under dry conditions.
As PTFE, Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemical product PTFE: 316J was used, and as cross-linked PTFE, Hitachi Cable Ltd. product XF-1A was used. Moreover, the thickness of the resin film from the sintered layer surface is 0.02 to 0.04 mm.

≪試験条件≫
試験機:スラスト試験機
面圧:10MPa
潤滑:ドライ
速度:0.15m/s
時間:20時間
相手軸:SCM415(焼入)
≪Test conditions≫
Testing machine: Thrust testing machine Surface pressure: 10MPa
Lubrication: Dry Speed: 0.15m / s
Time: 20 hours Opponent: SCM415 (hardened)

摩擦係数の変化を図1に示す。この図からPTFE+PFAの摺動材料は摩擦係数が試験時間の終わりでは高くなっているが、ほぼ全体を通じてどの材料も摩擦係数が安定していることが分かる。また図2に示す摩耗量からどの摺動材料も摩耗量には差がないことが分かる。   The change in the coefficient of friction is shown in FIG. This figure shows that the friction coefficient of the PTFE + PFA sliding material is high at the end of the test time, but the friction coefficient is stable for almost all materials. It can also be seen from the amount of wear shown in FIG. 2 that there is no difference in the amount of wear for any sliding material.

実施例1(オイル潤滑)
基礎試験の成分の他に、硬質粒子として、平均粒径はSiCが0.3μm、Al2O3が0.3μm、Znが50μmを使用した。潤滑油にはショックアブソーバー油を使用し、表1のオイルAは鉱油ベースの標準品、オイルBがオイルAに耐摩耗性向上添加剤を添加した製品であった。
Example 1 (oil lubrication)
In addition to the basic test components, the hard particles used had an average particle size of 0.3 μm for SiC, 0.3 μm for Al 2 O 3 and 50 μm for Zn. Shock absorber oil was used as the lubricating oil, oil A in Table 1 was a standard product based on mineral oil, and oil B was a product in which an additive for improving wear resistance was added to oil A.

Figure 2005163957
Figure 2005163957

表1に示すように、PTFEに架橋PTFEを配合することにより、摩擦係数が小さく、オイルの種類により変化しない安定した摩擦係数が得られた。また、摩耗もPTFE単独(供試材No.7)と比較して、最大で18倍も小さい結果が得られた。興味深いのは、架橋PTFEと構造式が似ているPFAを配合したPTFE(供試材No.8)と比較しても最大10倍の耐摩耗性が得られたことである。また、摩耗について油種の影響を受けにくいことも明らかである。このように、架橋PTFEを配合することにより配合した樹脂組成の比較例に対して、摩擦係数が低く、かつ潤滑油種による差が少なくなり、また摩耗量も少なくなることが分かる。 As shown in Table 1, by blending PTFE with cross-linked PTFE, a stable friction coefficient that has a small friction coefficient and does not vary depending on the type of oil was obtained. In addition, the abrasion was 18 times smaller than that of PTFE alone (test material No. 7). Interestingly, even when compared with PTFE (test material No. 8) containing PFA having a structural formula similar to that of crosslinked PTFE, a wear resistance of up to 10 times was obtained. It is also clear that the wear is less affected by the oil type. Thus, it can be seen that, compared to the comparative example of the resin composition blended by blending the cross-linked PTFE, the friction coefficient is low, the difference depending on the lubricant type is small, and the wear amount is also small.

本発明によると、ショックアブソーバーガイドブシュ、コンプレッサー用ブシュなどの特性を向上することができる。   According to the present invention, characteristics such as a shock absorber guide bush and a compressor bush can be improved.

ドライ潤滑条件下における摩擦係数の変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the change of the friction coefficient on dry lubrication conditions. ドライ潤滑条件下における摩耗量を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the amount of wear on dry lubrication conditions.

Claims (5)

金属裏金に裏打ちされた多孔質金属焼結層の表面に、架橋ポリテトラフルオロエチレンを含むポリテトラフルオロエチレンからなる組成物を含浸および被覆してなる摺動材料。 A sliding material obtained by impregnating and coating a composition of polytetrafluoroethylene containing crosslinked polytetrafluoroethylene on the surface of a porous metal sintered layer backed by a metal backing. 前記組成物中に前記架橋ポリテトラフルオロエチレンが1.0〜50容量%含まれることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の摺動材料。 2. The sliding material according to claim 1, wherein 1.0 to 50% by volume of the crosslinked polytetrafluoroethylene is contained in the composition. 前記組成物に加えて、下記群から選択される少なくとも1種類の充填剤が含有されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の摺動材料。
(イ)グラファイト、二硫化モリブデン等の固体潤滑剤、
(ロ)球状カーボン、カーボン繊維、金属酸化物、セラミックス等の耐摩耗性添加剤
(ハ)金属硫化物、鉛、亜鉛等の摩擦調整剤
The sliding material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in addition to the composition, at least one filler selected from the following group is contained.
(A) Solid lubricants such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide
(B) Wear-resistant additives such as spherical carbon, carbon fiber, metal oxide, ceramics, etc. (c) Friction modifiers such as metal sulfides, lead, and zinc
前記充填剤の含有量が、該充填剤及び前記組成物の合計に対して0.1〜15容量%であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の摺動材料。 4. The sliding material according to claim 3, wherein a content of the filler is 0.1 to 15% by volume with respect to a total of the filler and the composition. ショックアブソーバーのブシュに使用される請求項1から4までの何れか1項に記載の摺動材料。 The sliding material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is used for a bush of a shock absorber.
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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8703675B2 (en) 2008-04-09 2014-04-22 Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation Bearing grease composition
US20140140647A1 (en) * 2012-11-20 2014-05-22 Federal-Mogul Corporation High strength low friction engineered material for bearings and other applications

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003247546A (en) * 2002-02-27 2003-09-05 Daido Metal Co Ltd Wet type multi-layered sliding member
JP2003253073A (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-10 Hitachi Cable Ltd Abrasion-resistant resin composition

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003247546A (en) * 2002-02-27 2003-09-05 Daido Metal Co Ltd Wet type multi-layered sliding member
JP2003253073A (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-10 Hitachi Cable Ltd Abrasion-resistant resin composition

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US9657776B2 (en) 2008-04-09 2017-05-23 Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation Bearings
US20140140647A1 (en) * 2012-11-20 2014-05-22 Federal-Mogul Corporation High strength low friction engineered material for bearings and other applications
CN104995418A (en) * 2012-11-20 2015-10-21 费德罗-莫格尔公司 High strength low friction engineered material for bearings and other applications
US9366290B2 (en) * 2012-11-20 2016-06-14 Federal-Mogul Corporation High strength low friction engineered material for bearings and other applications
US20160258486A1 (en) * 2012-11-20 2016-09-08 Federal-Mogul Corporation Highstrength low friction engineered material for bearings and other applications
US10359076B2 (en) * 2012-11-20 2019-07-23 Tenneco Inc Method of forming a high strength low friction engineered material for bearings and other applications

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