JP2005155659A - Rotation transmitting device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotation transmitting device superior in separating property and easy of manufacturing management. <P>SOLUTION: The rotation transmitting device comprises a two-way clutch 10 assembled between an input shaft 1 and an outer ring 2 and an electromagnetic clutch 20 provided side by side on the two-way clutch 10 for controlling on-off operation of the two-way clutch 10. In the device, a break-away spring 24 having non-linear springing property is assembled between an armature 21 of the electromagnetic clutch 20 prevented from rotating by a holder 14 of the two-way clutch 10 and a rotor 22 for attracting the armature 21 with the energization of an electromagnet to improve the separating property of the electromagnetic clutch 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotation transmission device used for switching between transmission and cutoff of power on a power transmission path.

  A clutch is employed when power is transmitted and shut off between the two shafts. This clutch is applied to various devices.

  For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a rotation transmission device in which a two-way clutch is incorporated between an input side member and an output side member, and the on / off of the two-way clutch is controlled by an electromagnetic clutch.

  In the two-way clutch in the rotation transmission device, a cage is provided between the input side member and the output side member, an engagement element is incorporated in a pocket formed in the cage, and the cage is rotated relative to the input side member. The engaging element is engaged with or disengaged from the opposing surfaces of the input side member and the output side member.

  On the other hand, the electromagnetic clutch is prevented from rotating with respect to the cage and can move in the axial direction, a rotor that is prevented from rotating by the output side member and faces the armature in the axial direction, and the rotor and the axial direction. The armature is attracted to the rotor by energizing the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet, and the retainer is rotated relative to the input side member by the frictional resistance acting on the attracting surface. And the output side member are engaged with each other.

  Since the rotation transmission device as described above is incorporated on the power transmission path of the vehicle, it is required to quickly switch the transmission of power during traveling.

  In order to meet such a requirement, in the rotation transmission device described in Patent Document 1, a separation spring is incorporated between the armature of the electromagnetic clutch and the rotor, and the armature is pressed away from the rotor by the separation spring. The armature is quickly separated from the rotor when the electromagnet is de-energized.

  In the above rotation transmission device, when the two-way clutch is engaged, the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet is energized. However, the electromagnetic coil is disconnected and cannot be energized, and the two-way clutch is not engaged. In consideration of safety problems, the applicant of the present application applies the armature to the rotor by the attractive force of the permanent magnet to engage the two-way clutch, and the armature by energizing the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet. Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-356888 proposes a reverse transmission type rotation transmission device in which the two-way clutch is disengaged by releasing the suction.

Also in this reverse operation type rotation transmission device, a separation spring is incorporated between the armature and the rotor so that the armature is separated from the rotor.
JP-A-10-71872

  By the way, in the conventional rotation transmission device, a wave spring is adopted as a separation spring, and the wave spring has a spring characteristic in which the spring force increases in proportion to the amount of deformation, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, as shown in the figure, the magnetic attractive force of the electromagnet is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, and the attractive force in the separated state of the armature is significantly lower than the attractive force in the closely contacted state of the armature. Therefore, the wave spring must have a small difference in load between the generated load in the armature adsorption state and the generated load in the armature separation state and a small amount of elastic deformation.

  For this reason, it cannot be said that the armature's separation characteristics are good, and since the elastic deformation amount of the wave spring is small, the armature's working distance cannot be set long, and the clearance setting of the peripheral members becomes small, making it There is a problem that the management is difficult and the cost is high.

  Further, in a reverse operation type rotation transmission device in which the armature is held in the attracted state by the permanent magnet and the armature is separated from the rotor by energizing the electromagnet, the generated load in the attracted state of the armature of the wave spring and the armature Since the generated load difference in the separated state is small, it is necessary to set and manage the magnetic force difference between the permanent magnet and the electromagnet to be small, and there is a problem that manufacturing management is difficult and the cost is high.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a rotation transmission device with excellent separation characteristics and easy manufacturing management.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the first invention, the input side member and the output side member are arranged inside and outside and are relatively rotatably supported, and between the input side member and the output side member, An engagement element and a retainer for holding the engagement element, and incorporating a two-way clutch for engaging the engagement element with opposing surfaces of the input-side member and the output-side member by relative rotation of the retainer with respect to the input-side member; A switch spring is provided between the input side member and the cage to elastically hold the cage in a neutral position where the engagement element is disengaged from the opposing surfaces of the input side member and the output side member. The armature is provided with an electromagnet for preventing the rotation of the rotor disposed on the output side member against the armature supported against the armature which is prevented from rotating in the axial direction and movable in the axial direction, and attracts the armature to the rotor. When In a rotation transmission device incorporating a separation spring that separates the armature from the rotor between the rotors, the spring force increases linearly with deformation, and the spring force increases rapidly after being deformed by a predetermined amount. Thus, a configuration comprising a spring having a non-linear spring characteristic is employed.

  In the second invention, the input side member and the output side member are arranged inside and outside and are relatively rotatably supported, and the engaging member and the engaging member are interposed between the input side member and the output side member. A two-way clutch that engages the opposing surfaces of the input side member and the output side member with a relative rotation of the cage with respect to the input side member; A switch spring that elastically holds the cage at a neutral position where the engagement element is disengaged from the opposing surfaces of the input side member and the output side member, and is prevented from rotating with respect to the cage; A rotor disposed axially opposite to an armature supported so as to be movable in the axial direction is prevented from rotating on the output side member, and an electromagnet is provided facing the rotor, and the armature is disposed between the armature and the rotor. Away from In a rotation transmission device in which a separating spring is incorporated, an armature is attracted to the rotor by a permanent magnet embedded in the rotor, and the attracting of the armature is released by energization of the electromagnet, the separating spring is a spring with deformation A configuration comprising a spring having a non-linear spring characteristic in which the force increases linearly and the spring force rapidly increases after a predetermined amount of deformation is adopted.

  Here, as the separation spring, one of the inner circumference and the outer circumference is circular, and the other is a square, and a peak and a valley are located in the circumferential direction of the annular plate, and the top of the peak is located in a narrow portion of the annular plate. In addition, corrugated springs that are alternately formed so that the bottom of the valley is located in the wide portion, and a crest and a trough are alternately formed in the circumferential direction of the annular plate whose inner periphery and outer periphery are circular, It is possible to adopt a wave spring in which two types of peaks are different and the two types of peaks are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. In addition, an unequal pitch coil spring or a conical coil spring can be employed as the separation spring.

  As described above, by adopting a spring having a non-linear spring characteristic as a separation spring for separating the armature from the rotor, the spring force in the armature adsorption state of the separation spring can be set large, and the armature The spring force in the separated state can be set small.

  For this reason, the armature separation characteristics can be improved, the working distance of the armature can be set large, and the clearance of the peripheral members can be set large accordingly. The cost can be reduced.

  Further, in a rotation transmission device that attracts an armature by a permanent magnet and releases the armature by energizing the electromagnet, a load difference (spring force difference) is generated between the armature attracted state and the separated state by a spring having a non-linear spring characteristic. ) Can be set large, so even if there is a variation in the attractive force due to variations in the characteristics of the permanent magnet, the stable operating range is large, and the tolerance for variations in the characteristics of the permanent magnet can be set large, making production management easy and cost effective. Can be reduced.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the input shaft 1 as an input side member has the large diameter part 1a. An input shaft 1 and an outer ring 2 as an output side member provided outside the input shaft 1 are supported relatively rotatably via a bearing 3, and a two-way clutch 10 is provided between the input shaft 1 and the outer ring 2. An electromagnetic clutch 20 is provided in parallel with the two-way clutch 10.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the two-way clutch 10 forms a cylindrical surface 11 on the inner periphery of the outer ring 2, and a wedge between the outer periphery of the large-diameter portion 1 a of the input shaft 1 and the cylindrical surface 11. A plurality of cam surfaces 12 forming a shape space are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and an engagement element 13 made of a roller is incorporated between each cam surface 12 and the cylindrical surface, and each engagement element 13 is interposed between the input shaft 1 and the outer ring 2. It is held by a built-in cage 14.

  The two-way clutch 10 engages and disengages the engagement element 13 with the cylindrical surface 11 and the cam surface 12 by the relative rotation of the retainer 14 with respect to the input shaft 1.

  A spring accommodating recess 15 is formed on the end surface of the large diameter portion 1 a of the input shaft 1, and a switch spring 16 is incorporated in the spring accommodating recess 15. The switch spring 16 has a C shape, and a pair of engaging pieces 17 formed outward from both ends thereof are provided with a notch provided on the end surface of the retainer 14 from a notch 18 formed on the peripheral wall of the spring housing recess 15. 19 is inserted into the opposite end surfaces of the notch 18 and the notch 19 in opposite directions, and the retainer 14 causes the retainer 14 to move the engaging element 13 against the cylindrical surface 11 and the cam surface 12. It is elastically held in the disengaged neutral position.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the electromagnetic clutch 20 includes an armature 21 that faces the cage 14 in the axial direction, a rotor 22 that faces the armature 21 in the axial direction, and a rotor 22 that faces the rotor 22 in the axial direction. It comprises an electromagnet 23 and a separation spring 24 that presses the armature 21 in a direction away from the rotor 22.

  The armature 21 is provided with an engagement hole 25, and the armature 21 is prevented from rotating with respect to the retainer 14 by the insertion of the projecting piece 26 formed on the end face of the retainer 14 into the engagement hole 25, and the axial direction It is possible to move to.

  The rotor 22 is made of a magnetic material. The rotor 22 is press-fitted into a rotor guide 27 made of a non-magnetic material fitted to the outer ring 2 and prevented from rotating, and is prevented from rotating by the rotor guide 27.

  The electromagnet 23 includes a field core 23a and an electromagnetic coil 23b wound around the field core 23a. The field core 23a is supported by a stationary member 28.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the separation spring 24 that separates the armature 21 from the rotor 22 has a non-linear spring characteristic in which the spring force increases substantially linearly with deformation and the spring force rapidly increases after a predetermined amount of deformation. Made of spring with.

  6 to 8 show examples of the separation spring 24. 6 (I) and (II), the separating spring 24 has a crest 31 and a trough 32 in the circumferential direction of an annular plate 30 having a circular inner periphery, a rectangular outer periphery, and rounded corners. The corrugated springs are alternately formed so that the crest 31 of the crest 31 is located in the narrow portion of the annular plate 30 and the bottom b of the trough 32 is located in the wide portion of the annular plate 30.

  In FIG. 6, the inner periphery of the annular plate 30 is circular and the outer periphery is square, but the outer periphery of the annular plate 30 may be circular and the inner periphery may be rectangular.

  The separation spring 24 shown in FIG. 7 has crests 34 and valleys 35 alternately formed in the circumferential direction of an annular plate 33 having a circular inner periphery and outer periphery, and the crests 34 have two types of crests 34 ′ having different heights. , 34 ″, and two types of peaks 34 ′ and 34 ″ are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.

  The separating spring 24 shown in FIG. 8 (I) is composed of an unequal coil spring in which the pitch P of the coil portion 24a is unequal, and the separating spring 24 shown in FIG. 8 (II) is composed of a conical coil spring.

  The rotation transmission device shown in the embodiment has the above-described structure, and when the energization to the electromagnetic coil 23b is interrupted, the engagement element 13 of the two-way clutch 10 is in relation to the cylindrical surface 11 and the cam surface 12, as shown in FIG. And held in the neutral position.

  For this reason, even if the input shaft 1 rotates, the rotation is not transmitted to the outer ring 2 and the input shaft 1 rotates idle. At this time, since the switch spring 16 is provided between the input shaft 1 and the cage 14, the cage 14 and the engagement element 13 also rotate together with the input shaft 1.

  When the electromagnetic coil 23 b is energized in the rotation state of the input shaft 1, a magnetic attractive force acts between the rotor 22 and the armature 21, and the armature 21 moves toward the rotor 22 against the elasticity of the separation spring 24. As shown in FIG. 3, it is adsorbed by the rotor 22. The frictional resistance acting on the suction surface becomes the rotational resistance of the cage 14.

  Since the rotational resistance is set in advance to a value larger than the spring force of the switch spring 16, the cage 14 rotates behind the input shaft 1, and the relative rotation between the input shaft 1 and the cage 14 causes the rotation resistance shown in FIG. As shown, the engaging element 13 engages with the cylindrical surface 11 and the cam surface 12, and the switch spring 16 is elastically deformed, and the rotation of the input shaft 1 is transmitted to the outer ring 2 by the engagement of the engaging element 13. .

  When the energization of the electromagnet 23 to the electromagnetic coil 23b is cut off, the armature 21 is moved away from the rotor 22 by the spring force of the separation spring 24, and the cage 14 is rotated by the spring force of the switch spring 16, The engagement element 13 is returned to the neutral position where the engagement with the cylindrical surface 11 and the cam surface 12 is released.

  In the above rotation transmission device, the separation spring 24 incorporated between the armature 21 and the rotor 22 has a spring force that linearly increases with deformation as shown in the graph of FIG. Is a spring having a non-linear spring characteristic that increases rapidly, so that the spring force in the attracted state of the armature 21 can be set large and the spring force in the separated state can be set small, and the armature 21 is separated from the rotor 22. It is possible to improve the detachment characteristics at the time of making them.

  Further, it is possible to reduce the attraction force when the electromagnet 23 attracts the armature 21 in the separated state, to set the working distance of the armature 21 large, and to set the clearance of peripheral members large. Therefore, manufacturing management is easy and cost reduction can be achieved.

  FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the rotation transmission device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the connecting plate 40 is fitted into the end of the retainer 14, and an L-shaped projecting piece 41 formed on the outer periphery of the connecting plate 40 is formed in the notch 19 formed at the end of the retainer 14. Is inserted into an engagement hole 25 provided in the armature 21 to prevent the retainer 14 from rotating, and is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction.

  The rotor guide 27 is press-fitted into the end opening of the outer ring 2, and a slit 42 is formed on the armature suction surface of the rotor 22 that is fitted in the rotor guide 27 and is prevented from rotating. The armature 21 is attracted to the rotor 22 by the magnetic attraction force of the inserted permanent magnet 43, and the armature 21 is desorbed by energization of the electromagnetic coil 23 b of the electromagnet 23. Since the other structure is the same as that of the rotation transmission device shown in FIG.

  Also in the rotation transmission device shown in FIG. 5, a separation spring 24 shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 having a non-linear spring characteristic is incorporated between the armature 21 and the rotor 22.

  As described above, by incorporating the separation spring 24 having a non-linear spring characteristic between the armature 21 and the rotor 22, the generated load (spring force) in the attracted state of the armature 21 and the generated load (spring force) in the separated state. ) Can be taken large, so that even if there is a variation in the attractive force due to variations in the characteristics of the permanent magnet 43, the stable operation range is large, and as a result, a large variation tolerance in the characteristics of the permanent magnet 43 is set. Therefore, manufacturing management is facilitated, and the number of coils can be reduced.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the cam surface 12 is provided on the outer periphery of the large-diameter portion 1a of the input shaft 1 and the cylindrical surface 11 is formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 2, but the cylindrical surface is formed on the outer periphery of the large-diameter portion 1a. A cam surface may be formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 2. In this case, a switch spring is incorporated between the cage and the outer ring to hold the engaging element in the neutral position and to prevent the rotor from rotating with respect to the input shaft. Further, the outer ring is used as an input side member, and the input shaft is used as an output side member.

A longitudinal front view showing an embodiment of a rotation transmission device according to the present invention Sectional view along the line II-II in FIG. Sectional view showing armature adsorption state Sectional drawing which shows the engagement state of a two-way clutch Sectional drawing which shows other embodiment of the rotation transmission apparatus which concerns on this invention (I) is a front view of the separating spring, (II) is a side view of (I) (I) is a front view showing another example of the separation spring, and (II) is a side view. (I) is a sectional view showing another example of the separation spring, (II) is a sectional view showing still another example of the separation spring. Graph showing the magnetic attractive force of the electromagnet and the spring characteristics of the separation spring

Explanation of symbols

1 Input shaft (input side member)
2 Outer ring (output type member)
10 Two-way clutch 13 Engagement element 14 Cage 16 Switch spring 21 Armature 22 Rotor 23 Electromagnet 24 Separation spring 30 Annular plate 31 Mountain 32 Valley 33 Annular plate 34 Mountain 35 Valley 43 Permanent magnet

Claims (6)

  The input side member and the output side member are disposed inside and outside and relatively rotatably supported, and an engagement element and a retainer for holding the engagement element are provided between the input side member and the output side member, A two-way clutch for engaging the engaging element with the opposing surfaces of the input side member and the output side member by the relative rotation of the cage with respect to the input side member is incorporated, and the engaging element is located between the input side member and the cage. A switch spring that elastically holds the cage is provided at a neutral position where the engagement between the opposing surfaces of the member and the output side member is released, and the switch spring is prevented from rotating with respect to the cage and supported so as to be movable in the axial direction. A rotor disposed axially opposite to the armature is prevented from rotating on the output side member, an electromagnet for attracting the armature is provided on the rotor, and the armature is separated from the rotor between the armature and the rotor. In the rotation transmission device incorporating a spring, the separating spring is composed of a spring having a non-linear spring characteristic in which the spring force increases linearly with deformation and the spring force rapidly increases after a predetermined amount of deformation. A rotation transmission device characterized.   The input side member and the output side member are disposed inside and outside and relatively rotatably supported, and an engagement element and a retainer for holding the engagement element are provided between the input side member and the output side member, A two-way clutch for engaging the engaging element with the opposing surfaces of the input side member and the output side member by the relative rotation of the cage with respect to the input side member is incorporated, and the engaging element is located between the input side member and the cage. A switch spring that elastically holds the cage is provided at a neutral position where the engagement between the opposing surfaces of the member and the output side member is released, and the switch spring is prevented from rotating with respect to the cage and supported so as to be movable in the axial direction. A rotor arranged axially opposite to the armature is prevented from rotating on the output side member, an electromagnet is provided opposite to the rotor, and a separation spring is installed between the armature and the rotor to separate the armature from the rotor. In the rotation transmission device in which the armature is attracted to the rotor by a permanent magnet embedded in the rotor, and the armature is attracted by energizing the electromagnet, the separation spring has a spring force that increases linearly with deformation. A rotation transmission device comprising a spring having a non-linear spring characteristic in which a spring force increases rapidly after being deformed by a predetermined amount.   The separation spring has a crest and a trough in the circumferential direction of the annular plate in which one of the inner circumference and the outer circumference is circular and the other is square, and the top of the crest is located in a narrow part of the annular plate, and the trough The rotation transmission device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising wave springs alternately formed so that the bottom of each is positioned in the wide portion.   The separation spring alternately forms peaks and valleys in the circumferential direction of an annular plate having an inner periphery and an outer periphery that are circular, and the peaks are defined as two types of peaks having different heights. The rotation transmission device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising wave springs alternately arranged in a direction.   The rotation transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the separation spring is a coil spring having an unequal pitch.   The rotation transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the separation spring is a conical coil spring.

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