JP2005154574A - Effectual utilization method of waste frp - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide, in utilizing a waste FRP (fiber reinforced plastics) as a component of an asphalt mixture used for constructing a pavement like a driveway and the like, an asphalt mixture which is friendly to workers and the environment and also excellent economically. <P>SOLUTION: In the asphalt mixture consisting of aggregate, a filler and an asphalt-based binder, a crushed product of the waste FRP, obtained by crushing the waste FRP, is used as part of the aggregate, and a mixing temperature lowering agent, such as an inorganic compound containing crystallization water, is added. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an effective utilization method of waste FRP (fiber reinforced plastic), and more particularly to an effective utilization method of FRP used in a hull.

  FRP fishing boats using FRP as a structural material have been rapidly spread instead of wooden boats since the Showa 40s because they are light and strong, but in recent years the number of abandoned boats due to aging of the hulls has increased, and accordingly FRP Disposal of fishing boats is a problem.

Conventionally, disposal of a waste ship including FRP as a member constituting a hull (hereinafter referred to as “FRP waste ship”) has been performed by the following method.
(1) Tow the FRP scrap ship and pull it up to the dock to release the outfitting and drain the oil.
(2) The hull is expanded using heavy machinery, and the waste material is carried out to an intermediate treatment facility.
(3) Of the waste material, wood is treated by incineration, and the incineration ash is transported to the final treatment facility.
(4) Among the waste materials, the FRP is crushed to 15 cm or less using a crusher to obtain a waste FRP crushed material, and the waste FRP crushed material is transported to a final treatment facility.
(5) Incinerated ash and FRP crushed material are disposed of in landfills at the final treatment facility. Incineration ash may be used as a raw material for cement.

  However, there has been a problem in that the processing method for the FRP waste ship that has been practiced in the past has caused waste FRP crushed material to be disposed of in landfills, requiring a large amount of processing costs. In recent years, a technique has also been proposed in which waste FRP crushed material obtained by crushing waste FRP generated from an FRP waste ship is used as one component of an asphalt mixture (Patent Document 1).

However, when an asphalt mixture is produced by a conventionally known general method, it is impossible to prevent adverse effects on workers and the surrounding environment due to generation of malodor derived from organic substances such as polyester resin in waste FRP crushed material. Has the problem.
JP 2002-105322 A

  An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above. In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide an asphalt mixture which is friendly to workers and the environment and is excellent in economic efficiency when using waste FRP as a component of an asphalt mixture used for construction of pavements such as roadways. .

  The present invention firstly uses a waste FRP crushed material obtained by crushing waste FRP as a part of aggregate in an asphalt mixture comprising an aggregate, a filler, and an asphalt binder, and an asphalt mixture. Is an asphalt mixture characterized by being a heated asphalt mixture and containing a mixing temperature reducing agent in the mixture.

  A second aspect of the present invention is the asphalt mixture described above, wherein the particle size of the waste FRP crushed material is 6 mm or less.

  Thirdly, the present invention is the above asphalt mixture characterized in that the waste FRP crushed material is obtained by crushing FRP collected from a waste ship containing FRP as a member constituting the hull.

  Fourthly, the present invention is the asphalt mixture described above, wherein the content of the waste FRP crushed material is 1 to 20% in a volume ratio to the entire asphalt mixture.

  5thly this invention is said asphalt mixture whose mixing temperature reducing agent is a medium temperature raising material.

  Sixthly, the present invention is the above asphalt mixture in which the temperature-warming agent is made of a crystal water-containing inorganic substance.

  Seventh, the present invention uses a waste FRP crushed material obtained by crushing waste FRP as a part of aggregate in an asphalt mixture comprising an aggregate, a filler, and an asphalt binder, and an asphalt mixture. Is an asphalt mixture characterized by being a normal temperature asphalt mixture.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cost required for processing waste FRP, particularly waste FRP generated from an FRP waste ship, to contribute to resource saving, and to the workers and the environment, and a pavement having excellent characteristics. Can be built.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
The asphalt mixture of the present invention uses a waste FRP crushed material obtained by crushing waste FRP as a part of the aggregate in an asphalt mixture comprising an aggregate, a filler, and an asphalt binder. It is characterized by that. Aggregates that can be used in the present invention include crushed stones, crushing stones, steel slag, sand, recycled aggregates and the like. Examples of the filler that can be used in the present invention include stone powder, slaked lime, cement, recovered dust, and fly ash. These fillers can be appropriately used depending on the purpose. Examples of the asphalt binder that can be used in the present invention include paving petroleum asphalt, modified asphalt, trinidad lake asphalt (natural asphalt), and petroleum asphalt emulsion. The amount of these aggregates, fillers and asphalt binders varies depending on the type of asphalt mixture, and is determined from the common range of property values in the Marshall stability test. For example, “Pavement Construction Handbook” , Published in December 2001).

  The particle size of the waste FRP crushed material used in the present invention is preferably 6 mm or less. When the particle size of the waste FRP crushed material is 6 mm or more, there is a problem that the influence on the durability of the asphalt mixture layer due to the deformation of the waste FRP crushed material by heating becomes large.

  The waste FRP crushed material used in the present invention is preferably obtained by crushing waste FRP collected from an FRP waste ship. Here, the FRP waste ship is not particularly limited as long as it is a ship using FRP as a structural material.

  The content of the waste FRP crushed material used in the present invention is preferably 1 to 20% in volume ratio to the entire asphalt mixture. If the content of waste FRP crushed material is 1% or less, the amount of waste FRP crushed material used is too small to achieve the purpose of reducing the processing cost of FRP waste ships. When the content of the waste FRP crushed material is 20% or more, the amount of asphalt necessary for the asphalt mixture using the waste FRP to obtain a predetermined degree of compaction increases, and the production cost of the asphalt mixture increases.

  The asphalt mixture of the present invention is characterized by further adding a mixing temperature lowering agent in addition to the above components.

  The asphalt mixture is usually produced by putting a preheated aggregate and filler mixture into a mixer and adding a heated asphalt binder to the mixer. In the present invention, the waste FRP crushed material may be directly charged into the mixer during heating and mixing, or may be mixed with other aggregates in advance. At that time, the asphalt-based binder is inevitably at a considerably high temperature in order to ensure proper mixing during production and proper compaction during paving. As a result of the study by the present inventors, it has been found that an abnormal odor is generated due to the interaction between the heated asphalt binder and the waste FRP crushed material, which adversely affects the worker and the surrounding environment. And by reducing the temperature required for the heating while effectively maintaining the viscosity of the asphalt binder necessary for producing the asphalt mixture, the generation of malodor associated with the above interaction is remarkably suppressed, and the operator It was also found that a paving body that is environmentally friendly and excellent in quality can be paved.

  The mixing temperature reducing agent used in the present invention is a substance that can relatively lower the temperature at which the viscosity of the asphalt binder becomes a viscosity suitable for mixing and / or compacting the asphalt mixture as compared with the case where it does not exist. . A typical example is a warming agent, typically a microbubble particle generating material that generates microbubble particles by the heat of the mixture during heat mixing or compaction of an asphalt mixture. Typical examples of such a microbubble particle generating material include an inorganic material containing crystal water and a fine powder of a material having water absorption.

  Examples of inorganic substances including crystal water and water-absorbing substances include dihydrate gypsum and hemihydrate gypsum, ammonium aluminum sulfate hydrate, cobalt chloride hydrate, cobalt acetate hydrate, chromium sulfate hydrate, sulfuric acid Copper hydrate, iron chloride hydrate, iron sulfate hydrate, magnesium carbonate hydrate, manganese chloride hydrate, manganese acetate hydrate, sodium sulfite hydrate (sodium sulfite), sodium phosphate, tungsten Examples thereof include sodium acid hydrate, nickel sulfate hydrate, zeolite, and a superabsorbent resin. Superabsorbent resin is a resin that absorbs water highly but does not dissolve in water. Cross-linked sodium polyacrylate, saponified vinyl acetate-methyl acrylate copolymer, vinyl acetate-monomethyl maleate copolymer ken Saponified products, saponified products of isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer, starch-acrylic acid graft polymer, polysaccharide-acrylic acid graft polymer, starch-acrylonitrile graft polymer, carboxymethylcellulose-sodium salt, crosslinked polyethylene oxide, etc. it can. These superabsorbent resins are usually used in the form of fine powder that has absorbed water.

  Among these substances, it is desirable to use a substance that does not generate microbubble particles until a heating condition in which the asphalt binder is softened or melted, and generates microbubble particles under the above conditions. For example, dihydrate gypsum It is more desirable to select a substance that stably generates and retains microbubble particles at a temperature of 90 ° C. to 160 ° C.

  These microbubble particle generating substances are more effectively used under the sharing of a surfactant. Surfactants include cationic surfactants such as primary, secondary, and tertiary alkylamine salts and quaternary ammonium salts, and anionic surfactants such as carboxylates, sulfates, and sulfones. Acid salts, nonionic polyethylene glycol type and polyhydric alcohol type. In surfactants, the use of cationic surfactants that are also used as anti-peeling agents improves the adhesion between binders and aggregates compared to conventional pavement mixtures, improving the durability of pavements. The

  The amount of a substance that generates microbubble particles, for example, a substance having water of crystallization is usually 1 to 30% by weight with respect to the amount of binder, and the amount of surfactant to be used is usually 0.1 to 3% by weight with respect to the amount of binder. It is. A pasty product obtained by kneading these together with a small amount of free water is particularly preferable. The amount of free water at that time is preferably an amount capable of forming a paste-like substance, and is usually 10 to 100%, particularly preferably 20 to 70% in terms of a weight ratio to the total amount of the substance having crystal water and the surfactant.

  In the present invention, waste FRP crushed material can also be used as one component of the room temperature asphalt mixture. As the normal temperature asphalt mixture used in the present invention, the aggregate coated with cut back asphalt and further coated with oil and fat, the mixture further sprayed with straight asphalt on the aggregate and further added with the thermoplastic elastomer, the cut back asphalt A mixture in which an aggregate is coated with a binder to which a thermoplastic resin is added can be used. In the case of these room temperature asphalt mixtures, it is not necessary to use a mixing temperature reducing agent in combination.

  The asphalt mixture of the present invention is mixed with aggregate, filler, heated asphalt binder, waste FRP crushed material obtained by crushing waste FRP collected from a waste ship containing FRP as a member constituting the hull, It is manufactured by mixing with a temperature lowering agent. The optimum blending amount of the material used varies depending on the type of asphalt mixture, and is determined by a blending test each time. The mixing method of the material is not particularly limited, but is usually mixed using a mixer in an asphalt plant. At that time, it is desirable to add the heated asphalt binder into the mixer using a spray. The waste FRP crushed material may be used as a part of the aggregate in advance, or may be used after being added to the aggregate, filler and asphalt binder. A mixing temperature lowering agent may be added at an appropriate stage.

In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, the following tests were conducted.
Test 1:
In order to confirm the properties of the waste FRP crushed material produced by crushing the waste FRP collected from the abandoned ship with a crusher, the following test was conducted.
(A) Screening test The test method is in accordance with JIS A 1102 "Aggregate screening test method". The test results are shown in Table 1.

(B) Specific gravity and water absorption rate test The test method is in accordance with JIS A 1109 “Test method for specific gravity and water absorption rate of fine aggregate”. The test results are shown in Table 2.

(C) Unit Volume Mass Test and Actual Rate Test The test method is based on JIS A 1104 “Aggregate Unit Volume Mass and Actual Volume Ratio Test Method”. The test results are shown in Table 3.

(2) Indoor blending test The blending test of the asphalt mixture used in Test 2 and Test 3 was performed. The test consists of a dense asphalt mixture (aggregate maximum particle size 13 mm, Marshall stability test specimen tamped 50 times), crushed mastic mixture (aggregate maximum particle diameter 13 mm, Marshall stability test specimen thrust The number of times of solidification was 50), and the mixing ratio of waste FRP crushed material was changed to 0%, 5%, and 10%, respectively, in the volume ratio of the entire asphalt mixture, and specimens for Marshall stability test were prepared. For the fine-grained asphalt mixture, the median particle size range described in the “Pavement Design and Construction Guidelines” (issued by the Japan Road Association, December 2001) is used. Aggregate blending ratios were calculated using the median as target values, and the final aggregate blending ratio was determined by further correcting the specific gravity. Subsequently, a Marshall stability test was performed on each specimen, and the median value in a common range that satisfies the reference value was determined as the optimum amount of asphalt. The test results are shown in Table 4.

  From the test results shown in Table 4, even when the mixing ratio of the waste FRP crushed material is 5% and 10% by volume, all satisfy the specified values as the asphalt mixture, and it can be said that there is no particular problem. .

Test 2: Odor confirmation test The asphalt mixture is usually discharged from the mixer while being heated to about 160 ± 10 ° C. When waste FRP crushed material is directly put into the mixer, it will heat up due to contact with the aggregate (about 180-200 ° C) heated by the dryer, and this will cause odors. It is. Then, the test shown below was done about the countermeasure against the odor generated from FRP.

(1) Odor confirmation test (a) Odor confirmation of mixture Dense particle size asphalt mixture (bone) mixed with 10% by volume ratio of waste FRP crushed material obtained from a crushed waste ship having a maximum particle size of 6 mm or less to the entire asphalt mixture 2 kg of a maximum particle size of 13 mm) was prepared and gradually heated in a gas stove while mixing in a wok, and the degree of odor was confirmed.

(B) Odor confirmation when added to heated aggregate After putting the aggregate in a constant temperature drying furnace and heating to 160 ° C, 180 ° C and 200 ° C respectively, waste FRP crushed material at room temperature is added to this aggregate by volume ratio 10% was added and stirred rapidly to confirm the presence of temperature and odor.

(C) Test result Regarding (a), the waste FRP crushed material was put into a wok and mixing was started, and at the same time, a very strong odor was confirmed. As for (b), a very strong odor was confirmed as soon as the waste FRP crushed material was mixed with the heated aggregate. Moreover, in the above-mentioned heating temperature range, a difference in odor intensity due to a difference in heating temperature was not recognized.
From the above test results, it was confirmed that the asphalt mixture mixed with the waste FRP crushed material generates a strong odor regardless of the temperature when the temperature is 100 ° C. or higher.

(2) Test kneading As a countermeasure against odor of the asphalt mixture mixed with waste FRP crushed material, test kneading was performed to confirm the effect of a method of adding a warming agent and a method of using a normal temperature asphalt mixture. The warming agent used here is an additive mainly composed of dihydrate gypsum containing crystal water. By generating microbubble particles, mixing is possible at a temperature about 30 ° C. lower than that of a normal asphalt mixture. is there.

  Of the blends shown in Table 4, a test kneading was conducted on a dense particle size asphalt mixture in which 5% of the waste FRP crushed material was mixed by volume. Add to the crushed stone, sand, stone powder and waste FRP crushed material added to the mixer a mixing temperature lowering agent (dihydrate gypsum powder) as a mixing temperature reducing agent by 0.3% by weight with respect to the total mixture, and then mix asphalt. Further mixing by spraying. The mixing temperature at this time was about 30 ° C. lower than that of a normal dense-graded asphalt mixture, and the mixing time before and after spraying the asphalt was both increased by 5 seconds as compared with the case of a normal dense-graded asphalt mixture. Odor generation was remarkably less than usual (no mixing temperature reducing agent added), and the quality was excellent.

  Next, among the formulations shown in Table 4, a test kneading was conducted on a normal temperature mixture having the same aggregate composition as a dense particle size asphalt mixture in which waste FRP crushed material was mixed by 5% by volume. Crushed stone, sand, stone powder and waste FRP crushed material were put into a mixer, and room temperature type modified asphalt made of cutback asphalt was sprayed and mixed on these aggregates. Here, the addition amount of the modified asphalt was set to 6.5% by weight ratio with respect to the entire mixture. There was no odor generation.

Test 3: Test construction In order to confirm the effect of the method of reducing the odor generated from the asphalt mixture using the waste FRP crushed material, the asphalt mixture of the present invention and the normal asphalt mixture were constructed on the actual roadway, We investigated road surface properties and odor during construction. The survey results are shown in the table below. Here, for the mixtures A to C, a dense particle size asphalt mixture in which the waste FRP crushed material was mixed by 5% in a volume ratio among the formulations shown in Table 4 was used. For the mixture D, a room temperature asphalt mixture produced by the method described in Test 2 was used. The results are shown in Table 5.

From the measurement results in the above table, the following can be said.
(1) Regarding road surface properties, the amount of digging and slip resistance on the road surface was investigated. There is no significant difference between each section in any measurement result, and there seems to be no problem in using it as a general roadway mixture.
(2) The odor at the time of construction was evaluated through interviews with field personnel, workers and drivers. Mixtures C and D did not feel a particularly strong odor compared to the normal mixture A, but the mixture B had a fairly strong odor compared to the normal mixture A, and there was concern about the effect on the surrounding environment. It was.
(3) Therefore, about the mixture C which added the warming agent as countermeasure against odor, and D made into the normal temperature mixture, the odor at the time of construction and the road surface property after construction are inferior to the ordinary mixture, and for general road It can be said that there is no particular problem in using the mixture.

Claims (7)

    In an asphalt mixture comprising an aggregate, a filler, and an asphalt binder, a waste FRP crushed material obtained by crushing waste FRP as a part of the aggregate is used, and the asphalt mixture is a heated asphalt mixture and An asphalt mixture characterized by containing a mixing temperature lowering agent in the mixture.   The asphalt mixture according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the waste FRP crushed material is 6 mm or less.   The asphalt mixture according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waste FRP crushed material is obtained by crushing FRP collected from a waste vessel containing FRP as a member constituting the hull.   The asphalt mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the content of the waste FRP crushed material is 1 to 20% in volume ratio to the entire asphalt mixture.   The asphalt mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mixing temperature lowering agent is a medium temperature increasing agent.   The asphalt mixture according to claim 5, wherein the temperature-warming agent comprises a crystal water-containing inorganic substance.   In an asphalt mixture comprising aggregate, filler, and asphalt binder, waste FRP crushed material obtained by crushing waste FRP as part of the aggregate is used, and the asphalt mixture is a normal temperature asphalt mixture Characteristic asphalt mixture.