JP2005149004A - Manufacture history management system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacture history management system that allows easily acquiring manufacturing conditions for the manufacturing processes of a product after the shipping of the product. <P>SOLUTION: The manufacture history management system that manages each manufacturing process for producing a product includes an information acquisition means 11 for acquiring manufacturing process information concerning conditions for implementing each manufacturing process of the product; a manufacture history writing means 14 by which the manufacture history information of the product derived from the manufacture process information acquired by the information acquisition means is written in a storage means attached to the product; and an access means that enables access to the manufacture history information. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a manufacturing history management system.

Conventionally, traceability of manufacturing history is realized by storing product materials, workers, date / time, and machines as processing data in a manufacturing history management system. Further, information for authenticating individual parts constituting the product is left by directly printing the lot number and the manufacturing date on the product.
On the other hand, Patent Document 1 describes a technology for improving the communication reliability of a tag incorporating an information processing circuit used for identifying an automobile body in an automobile production line or the like.
JP 7-89275 A

  When repair or the like becomes necessary after shipment of a product, it may be possible to quickly select an appropriate repair method by referring to the conditions when the product was manufactured. However, with the method described above, the date and time of manufacture and the production quantity can be confirmed after shipment, but it is difficult to obtain the manufacturing conditions in the manufacturing stage. In addition, even if the manufacturing conditions are stored in the manufacturer's factory database, the repairer needs to access the database each time to obtain the manufacturing conditions for the product that requires repair, This is a cumbersome task. Even if the manufacturing conditions are held in the database of the manufacturer's factory, if the repairing company cannot directly access the database, the manufacturing conditions cannot be known unless the manufacturer is inquired. Further, the technique of Patent Document 1 can be used to change the work content for each automobile body flowing through a line when a variety of automobiles are mixed and manufactured on the same automobile production line. It does not solve the problem.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a manufacturing history management system capable of easily acquiring manufacturing conditions in the manufacturing process of the product after the product is shipped. It is in.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in a manufacturing history management system for managing each manufacturing process for producing a product, a manufacturing process which is information related to conditions when each manufacturing process of the product is performed Manufacturing in which manufacturing history information of the product based on the manufacturing process information acquired by the information acquiring unit (11) is written in an information acquiring unit (11) for acquiring information and a storage unit (IC tag) attached to the product A manufacturing history management system comprising history writing means (14) and access means for enabling access to the manufacturing history information.
In such a configuration, information indicating conditions when the manufacturing process is performed is acquired from the manufacturing system corresponding to each manufacturing process. Then, manufacturing history information based on the acquired information is written in an IC tag attached to the product.

Further, the present invention is the above-described manufacturing history management system, wherein the manufacturing history information includes at least one or more information among product material, processing, processing, and part assembly information. .
In such a configuration, the manufacturing history information includes information that makes it easy to identify problems in the manufacturing stage, such as information on product materials, processing, processing, or part assembly.

Moreover, the present invention is the manufacturing history management system described above, wherein the storage means is an RFID tag including a radio wave transmission / reception unit and a storage unit.
In such a configuration, manufacturing history information is read from an RFID attached to the outside or inside of a product using radio.

According to the present invention, even after a product is completed, shipped, sold, and handed to a user, the manufacturing history of the product can be read from an IC tag attached to the product. As a result, when repair is necessary after the product is sold, the repairing company can access the manufacturer's database and read the manufacturing history without having to go through the trouble and quickly understand the manufacturing conditions in the manufacturing process. Appropriate repairs can be made.
In addition, by using an RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) tag as the IC tag, it becomes easy to read the manufacturing history when repairing the sold product.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an outline of a manufacturing history management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
When a product is manufactured at a factory, manufacturing process information indicating conditions and the like when each manufacturing process is performed is registered in a database and held as a manufacturing history. A part or all of the registered manufacturing history is written in an IC tag attached to the product. Here, an RFID tag is used as the IC tag. Then, after the product is shipped and sold to the user, when the repair is necessary, the manufacturing history of the product is read from the RFID attached to the product.

  In the following, a vehicle is assumed as a product, and the process of this product includes parts procurement process (process 1), processing process (process 2), surface treatment process of plating coating (process 3), and baking process (process 4). ) And the manufacturing process of the completion inspection process (process 5) and the shipping process (process 6). The manufacturing process information of the part procurement process (process 1) includes a part procurement date and a part ID for identifying the part. The manufacturing process information of the machining process (process 2) includes an operator ID for identifying the worker, a blade ID for identifying the blade used for machining, and a machining program No. applied to the machining. The processing conditions include information such as the number of rotations (rotation) of the cutting tool during processing, the speed of feeding (feeding), and the temperature during processing. The manufacturing process information of the surface treatment process (process 3) includes a plating tank ID for identifying a plating tank in which plating is applied, a history data of liquid in the plating tank, and a paint lot number of the paint used. Etc. Further, the manufacturing process information of the baking process (process 4) is a baking temperature and time, and the manufacturing process information of the completion inspection process (process 5) is inspection data of the completion inspection.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the manufacturing history management system according to the embodiment.
A manufacturing history management apparatus 10 that manages product manufacturing includes an information acquisition unit 11, a manufacturing history management unit 12, a manufacturing history database 13, a manufacturing history writing unit 14, and a tag reader / writer 15.
The manufacturing history database 13 holds, for each product, manufacturing history information including manufacturing process information indicating information such as conditions when each manufacturing process is performed. The information acquisition unit 11 receives manufacturing process information from the manufacturing systems 20-1 to 20-n corresponding to the respective manufacturing processes. The manufacturing history management unit 12 stores the manufacturing process information received by the information acquisition unit 11 in the manufacturing history information in the manufacturing history database 13. The manufacturing history writing unit 14 instructs to write the manufacturing history information read from the manufacturing history database 13 to the RFID. Specifically, the tag reader / writer 15 is an RFID reader / writer, and reads and writes information in a memory in the RFID. The information in the manufacturing history database 13 may be recorded and held on a recording medium (not shown) such as a magnetic disk in another computer connected to the manufacturing history management apparatus 10.

Manufacturing systems 20-1 to 20-n (hereinafter collectively referred to as “manufacturing system 20”) are systems that perform steps 1 to n, respectively, and may be manufacturing machines. A tag reader / writer is connected to the manufacturing system 20 as necessary so that information in a memory in the RFID can be read and written. Further, some of the manufacturing systems 20 include sensors for reading conditions when the manufacturing process is performed, and input means such as a keyboard and a mouse for inputting. Then, the manufacturing system 20 transmits to the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 manufacturing process information indicating conditions when the manufacturing process is performed and vehicle ID (product ID) as vehicle (product) identification information read from the RFID. .
The communication network N is a network such as a LAN (Local Area Network). The manufacturing history management apparatus 10 and the manufacturing system 20 can communicate with each other via the communication network N.

  The IC tag includes an interface with the outside and a memory, and can read / write and hold information in the memory. In the IC tag, an ID for identifying the IC tag is stored in advance. The RFID used in this embodiment includes an antenna for using a radio frequency for communication and a semiconductor memory, and this semiconductor memory has both a rewritable area and a rewritable area. doing. In this rewrite prohibition area, an ID is written in advance and used as a vehicle ID (product ID). Further, manufacturing history information is written in the rewritable area.

Next, information stored in the manufacturing history database 13 of the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 and information stored in the RFID attached to the vehicle will be described.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a data structure of manufacturing history information included in the manufacturing history database 13. First, manufacturing history information held in the manufacturing history database 13 will be described. A part or all of this manufacturing history information is also held on the RFID side.
As shown in the drawing, the manufacturing history information holds manufacturing process information of each process as data of a tree structure for each vehicle (for each vehicle ID), and symbols N1 to N10 are nodes in this tree structure.

The node N1 corresponds to each vehicle, and includes a data item of vehicle ID. Under the node N1, there are nodes N2, N8,... That store manufacturing process information corresponding to each manufacturing process of process 1 (component procurement process), process 2 (processing process),.
The node N2 includes a data item indicating that the process 1 is a parts procurement process. The parts procured in the parts procurement process are part 01, part 02,..., And information on part 01, part 02,... Is stored in node N3, node N7,. Yes. Moreover, the structure of components is hierarchical. For example, the component 01 further includes a component 01-01, a component 01-02, and a component 01-03, and information regarding these components is stored in the node N4, the node N5, and the node N6, respectively. Each of the nodes N3 to N7 includes a part name representing a part name, a part code for identifying the type of the part, a part production number assigned to each individual part, a part lot number representing a lot at the time of part production, Data items such as a part manufacturing date that represents the date that the part was manufactured and a part procurement date that represents the date that the part was procured are included.

The node N8 includes a data item indicating that the process 2 is a machining process. And the information regarding the worker in the machining process, the machining conditions,... Is stored in the node N9, the node N10,. The node N9 that stores information on the worker includes a worker ID for identifying the worker who performed the processing. In addition, the node N10 that stores information on the machining conditions includes a blade ID for identifying the blade used for machining, and a machining program No. applied to the machining. This includes data items such as the number of rotations (rotation) of the cutting tool during processing, the feed rate (feed), and the temperature during processing.
In addition, although FIG. 3 illustrates the case where the number of layers is four, any number of layers may be used.

  Next, information stored in the RFID attached to the vehicle will be described. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of data stored in a memory in the RFID. As shown in the figure, a rewritable area and a rewritable area exist in the memory. The rewrite prohibition area is prohibited from being rewritten by using, for example, a ROM (read only memory). Alternatively, control is performed so that the rewrite prohibition area is not rewritten by a control function of the RFID.

The rewrite prohibition area stores a vehicle ID as a product ID, and further includes a spare area.
On the other hand, in the rewritable area, manufacturing process information of each manufacturing process is stored as manufacturing history information. Here, manufacturing process information in the component procurement process (process 1), the processing process (process 2), the surface treatment process (process 3), the baking process (process 4), and the completion inspection process (process 5) is stored. Yes.
In the storage area corresponding to the part procurement process (process 1), parts 01, parts 02,... That are parts procured in the part procurement process, and parts 01-01 and parts 01 constituting each of these parts are stored. Manufacturing process information such as a part name, a part code, a part manufacturing number, a part lot number, a part manufacturing date, and a part procurement date of -02, part 01-03,.
In the storage area corresponding to the machining step (step 2), the cutting tool ID, machining program No. Data items such as the number of rotations of the cutting tool during processing, the speed of feeding, and the temperature during processing are stored.
The storage area corresponding to the surface treatment process (process 3) includes a plating tank ID for identifying the plating tank on which the plating is applied, and the paint lot number of the paint used. Data items such as the history data of the liquid in the plating tank are stored.
The storage area corresponding to the baking process (process 4) stores data items such as the temperature and time of baking, and the storage area corresponding to the completion inspection process (process 5) stores each inspection item for completion inspection. Information indicating the result is stored.

Next, the operation of the manufacturing history management system will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the flow of processing and data in the manufacturing history management system.
First, in the parts procurement process (process 1), parts constituting the vehicle are procured. At this time, part information such as a part code, a part name, a part production number, a part lot number, a part production date, and a part procurement date of the procured part is input to the manufacturing system 20-1 corresponding to the part procurement process. (Step S110). The manufacturing system 20-1 transmits the input component information to the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 (step S120).
The manufacturing history management unit 12 of the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 writes the component information received by the information acquisition unit 11 into the manufacturing history database 13 (step S130). It should be noted that another database (not shown) that stores the part name, part code, part lot number, and part manufacturing date corresponding to the part manufacturing number is prepared, and only the part manufacturing number and the part procurement date are stored in the manufacturing system 20-1. It may be input and transmitted to the manufacturing history management apparatus 10. In this case, the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 reads the part information corresponding to the received part manufacturing number from the other database described above and stores it inside.

Subsequently, in the processing step (step 2), the worker ID of the worker who performs the processing is input to the manufacturing system 20-2 corresponding to the processing step (step S210), and further, the part manufacturing number of the part to be processed ( Step S220), inputting the blade ID of the blade used for processing. In the case of assembling parts, the part manufacturing numbers of all parts to be used are input. In addition, these information is the tag reader / writer provided in the manufacturing system 20-2 attached to the RFID attached to the name tag of the worker who is working, the RFID attached to the component, or the cutting tool. It may be read from an RFID or the like.
Then, the operator sets the program number. Is selected and the part is processed, the sensor provided in the manufacturing system 20-2 detects the rotational speed of the cutting tool, the feed speed, the temperature at the time of processing, etc., and stores them inside ( Step S230).
When the processing is completed, the RFID is read by the tag reader / writer provided in the manufacturing system 20-2, and the RFID that has been read is attached to the processed product (step S240). The manufacturing system 20-2 includes a vehicle ID read from the RFID, an operator ID, a part manufacturing number, a cutting tool ID as information on processing conditions, a program number. Then, information such as the number of rotations of the cutting tool, the feeding speed, and the temperature during processing is transmitted to the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 (step S250).

  The manufacturing history management unit 12 of the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 writes the manufacturing history information to the manufacturing history database 13 based on the information received by the information acquisition unit 11 (step S260). That is, among the component information received in step S130, the component information corresponding to the component manufacturing number received from the manufacturing system 20-2 is the process 1 (component procurement process) in the manufacturing history information corresponding to the received vehicle ID. Registered as manufacturing process information. Furthermore, the worker ID as the worker information, the blade ID as the processing condition information, the program number. Manufacturing process information including information such as the number of rotations of the cutting tool, the feeding speed, and the temperature during processing is registered as manufacturing process information of step 2 (processing step) in the manufacturing history information.

Subsequently, the product is subjected to a surface treatment process of plating by the manufacturing system 20-3. The manufacturing system 20-3 includes a plating tank ID for identifying the plating tank on which the plating is applied, and the paint lot number of the paint used for the plating. The history data of the used plating bath liquid is stored (step S310). When the plating finishes, the RFID attached to the product is read by the tag reader / writer provided in the manufacturing system 20-3 (step S320). Then, the manufacturing system 20-3 reads the vehicle ID read from the RFID, the plating tank ID as the manufacturing process information when the surface treatment process is performed, and the paint lot No. Then, information such as the history data of the liquid in the plating tank is transmitted to the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 (step S330).
The manufacturing history management unit 12 of the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 writes the manufacturing process information received by the information acquisition unit 11 to the manufacturing history database 13 (step S340). That is, the manufacturing process information (plating tank ID, paint lot number, plating tank liquid history data) of process 3 (surface treatment process) is registered in the manufacturing history information corresponding to the received vehicle ID.

Next, the product is subjected to a baking process by the manufacturing system 20-4. The temperature and time when this baking is performed are stored in the manufacturing system 20-4 (step S410). When the baking is completed, the RFID attached to the product is read by the tag reader / writer provided in the manufacturing system 20-4 (step S420). Then, the manufacturing system 20-4 transmits the vehicle ID read from the RFID and the baking temperature and time information as the manufacturing process information when the baking process is performed to the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 (step S430). .
The manufacturing history management unit 12 of the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 writes the manufacturing process information received by the information acquisition unit 11 to the manufacturing history database 13 (step S440). That is, the manufacturing process information (baking temperature / time) of process 4 (baking process) is registered in the manufacturing history information corresponding to the received vehicle ID.

In the next completion inspection step (step 5), a completion inspection of the product is performed. First, the RFID attached to the product is read by the tag reader / writer provided in the manufacturing system 20-5 corresponding to the completion inspection process (step S510). Thereafter, a final inspection of the product is performed, and the result of each inspection item is input to the manufacturing system 20-5 (step S520). The manufacturing system 20-5 sends the vehicle ID read from the RFID in step S510 and the manufacturing process information including the completion inspection data indicating the result of each inspection item input in step S520 to the manufacturing history management apparatus 10. Transmit (step S530).
The manufacturing history management unit 12 of the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 writes the manufacturing process information received by the information acquisition unit 11 to the manufacturing history database 13 (step S540). That is, the manufacturing process information (completion inspection data) of process 5 (completion inspection process) is registered in the manufacturing history information corresponding to the received vehicle ID.

  Before shipment of the product after completion inspection, the tag reader / writer 15 of the manufacturing history management apparatus 10 reads the vehicle ID from the RFID attached to the product to be shipped (step S610). The manufacturing history writing unit 14 reads manufacturing history information corresponding to the read vehicle ID from the manufacturing history database 13. Then, the manufacturing history writing unit 14 writes the read manufacturing history information by the tag reader / writer 15 (step S620). After the manufacturing history information is written in the RFID, the product is shipped (step 6).

Note that the RFID to be attached to the product may be attached to the product so as to be detachable in the manufacturing process, or may be fixed to the product. It may also flow through the production line in parallel with the product to be attached.
In the above, manufacturing history information is temporarily stored in the manufacturing history database 13, and the manufacturing history information is read from the manufacturing history database 13 and written to the RFID before shipment. You may make it write in RFID.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a place where an RFID is attached when the vehicle (product) is a motorcycle. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 90 denotes a sheet for a person to ride, and this sheet is made of a resin member. The RFID is provided inside the sheet.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction of the sheet. In this figure, reference numerals 71a, 71b, 71c, 71d, 71e, and 71f indicate examples of positions where RFIDs are fixed. The RFID may be attached to any of these 71a to 71f. However, particularly when the RFID is attached at the position 71a or 71f, the distance from the sheet surface to the RFID is short, and therefore the RFID read / write device may be brought closer. it can. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the sheet at the AA portion in FIG.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the resin member which comprises a sheet | seat has a certain amount of thickness in the up-down direction in order to play the role of a buffer for the rider. Therefore, when the RFID is attached at the positions 71b, 71c, 71d, 71e, the distance to the sheet surface becomes relatively long. On the other hand, when the RFID is attached to the front or rear portion in the seat as in 71a or 71f, the distance to the front or rear seat surface is relatively short, respectively. Therefore, when the reach distance of the RFID read / write signal (electromagnetic wave) is relatively short, by providing the RFID at a position where the distance to the sheet surface such as 71a or 71f is relatively short, the reader can be moved to a place closer to the RFID. It can be taken and read and written easily.

6 to 8 show the mounting position of the RFID in the case of a motorcycle (the same applies to a motorbike). An RFID can be provided in a seat in a ride-on vehicle. Since the sheet is made of a resin member that allows electromagnetic waves to pass therethrough, mounting the RFID inside the sheet in this way is convenient for reading and writing information stored in the RFID using an electromagnetic wave signal. In addition, in a kuradori type vehicle, there is usually no metal roof covering the upper part of the seat. For example, an RFID read / write device is installed above the stop position of the vehicle on a fueling stand, repair shop, road, etc. It can also be convenient. Further, although the RFID is fixed to the vehicle from the manufacture of the vehicle to the disposal, there is an advantage that the RFID is not easily shifted by providing the RFID in the seat.
In the case of passenger cars, buses, trucks, and other vehicles having a metal roof, RFID is attached to the seat, and a hand-held read / write device is brought into the vehicle to read and write information on the RFID. To do. Alternatively, RFID is attached near the front window or rear window of a passenger car. For example, the RFID may be attached to the dashboard portion, and the RFID may be read and written from above the vehicle. Moreover, you may make it attach RFID in the resin member which comprises a dashboard part.

According to the above-described embodiment, even after a product is completed, shipped, sold, and handed to a user, all manufacturing histories of the product can be read from the RFID attached to the product. When the product needs to be repaired, the repairing company can read the manufacturing history from the RFID using a radio wave type tag reader as an access means, so that the manufacturing history is accessed by accessing the manufacturer's database. Since the manufacturing conditions in the manufacturing process can be grasped without being complicated, appropriate repairs can be performed promptly.
Furthermore, by collating the variation in processing conditions between workers at the manufacturing stage with the product completion inspection information, it is possible to improve the level of manufacturing conditions and reduce the variation in skills between workers. In addition, since the operating conditions of the manufacturing machine can be managed, it is possible to stabilize the quality by proceeding with time-dependent changes in the operating conditions of each process, verifying the stability of the manufacturing machine, and elucidating the causes of quality variations.
In addition, the use of RFID makes it easy to read the manufacturing history when repairing a sold product.

  The manufacturing history management device 10 and the manufacturing system 20 described above are realized using a computer. Each of these devices includes a CPU (central processing unit). The process performed by each of these devices is stored in a computer-readable recording medium in the form of a computer program, and the above process is performed by the CPU reading and executing this program. Here, the computer-readable recording medium means a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a semiconductor memory, or the like. Alternatively, the computer program may be distributed to the computer via a communication line, and a CPU provided in the computer that has received the distribution may execute the program.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and includes a design and the like within a scope not departing from the gist of the present invention.

It is an outline figure for explaining an outline of a manufacture history management system by one embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the manufacture log | history management system by the embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the data structure of the manufacture history information contained in the manufacture history database in the embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the data memorize | stored in the memory in RFID in the embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the process of the manufacture log | history management system in the same embodiment, and the flow of data. In the embodiment, it is the schematic which shows the outline of the place which attaches RFID to a vehicle (motorcycle). In the same embodiment, it is sectional drawing of the sheet | seat which showed the place which mounts RFID more in detail. In the same embodiment, it is sectional drawing of the sheet | seat which showed the place which mounts RFID more in detail.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Manufacturing history management apparatus, 11 ... Information acquisition means, 14 ... Manufacturing history writing means, 20-1 to 20-n ... Manufacturing system

Claims (3)

In the manufacturing history management system that manages each manufacturing process that produces products,
Information acquisition means for acquiring manufacturing process information which is information related to conditions when each manufacturing process of the product is performed;
Manufacturing history writing means for writing the manufacturing history information of the product based on the manufacturing process information acquired by the information acquiring means to the storage means attached to the product,
Access means for enabling access to the manufacturing history information;
A manufacturing history management system comprising:   2. The manufacturing history management system according to claim 1, wherein the manufacturing history information includes at least one piece of information among product material, processing, processing, and part assembly information. The manufacturing history management system according to claim 1, wherein the storage unit is an RFID tag including a radio wave transmission / reception unit and a storage unit.

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