JP2005144375A - Structure having channel for treating foreign matter in fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure having a channel for treating foreign matters in a fluid capable of easily collecting a treatment object matter without requiring expensive manufacturing equipment, having not only a filtering function for separating particles in a fluid according to particle sizes but also detoxifying a harmful substance in the foreign matters by a chemical reaction or wherein the channel can be prevented from being clogged by crushing a particulate substance in the foreign matters. <P>SOLUTION: The structure 100 has the channel 90 for treating the foreign matters in the fluid. The channel has a microchannel diameter and a channel length larger than the channel diameter. Minute geometrically-shaped parts 91, 92 and 93 are formed in the wall face of the channel, and the foreign matters in the fluid are treated by interaction occurring when the foreign matters 61, 62 and 68 in the fluid flowing in the channel come into contact with the geometrically-shaped parts 91, 92 and 97 formed in the wall face of the channel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure having a flow path for treating foreign matter in a fluid, for example, only a filter action for separating foreign matter such as a solid or gel-like substance contained in a fluid such as water, air, oil, or a molten polymer. In particular, it can be used in harsh conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and corrosive environment, and toxic substances in foreign substances can be made harmless by physicochemical reactions, or particulate substances in foreign substances can be crushed to prevent clogging. It relates to a structure that can be made possible.

Conventionally, as one of the means for treating foreign matter in a fluid, a filter that captures and separates foreign matter in a fluid with a filtration medium having a gap is used, and porous metal or metal fiber nonwoven fabric is used as the filtration medium for the filter. The ones used are known.
In such a conventional filter, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a gas porous metal filter using a porous metal as a filtration medium. As shown in FIG. 11A, this filter is configured by attaching a cylindrical filtration medium 10 made of a porous metal to a groove portion 12 provided in a disk-shaped housing 50. In the figure, a gasket 40 is disposed in the coupling gap between the filtration medium 10 and the housing 50. As shown in the drawing, the filtration medium 10 has linear through holes 11 inside, and the through holes 11 are formed radially. The contaminated fluid 20 to be filtered is supplied from the inside of the filter, filtered by the filtration medium 10, and then recovered from the outside of the filter as the purification fluid 30. Foreign matter 60 present in the fluid 20 flowing into the filter is accumulated inside the filtration medium 10. FIG. 11B is a perspective view of a porous metal that is the filtration medium 10. The pores 13 on the inner peripheral surface 15 and the pores 14 on the outer peripheral surface 16 are connected to each other to form the through hole 11.

  Such a porous metal is manufactured by a manufacturing method as disclosed in Patent Document 2, for example. According to the method for producing a porous metal of Patent Document 2, the diameter and distribution density of pores to be generated are controlled by changing the type, pressure, and solidification conditions of the gas in the production process. According to this, for example, it is easy to uniformly distribute the through holes 11 having a diameter of several μm.

Further, Patent Literature 3 discloses a metal filter configured using a metal fiber nonwoven fabric as a filtration medium. FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view of the cylindrical metal filter 70 in Patent Document 3, and FIG. 12B is a diagram showing a first pattern example when the geometric shape portion of the thin plate surface is formed by grooves. is there. This cylindrical metal filter 70 includes an inner cylindrical wire mesh 71 welded to a vertical overlapping portion 74, a filter body 72 in which a thin felt sheet of metal fibers is wound around the inner cylindrical wire mesh 71, and a vertical overlapping portion. 75 and an outer cylindrical wire mesh 73 welded to 75. According to this, since the metal meshes 71 and 73 are about 25 mesh and fine, and the wire diameter is 0.2 mm or less, there is little influence on the air permeability and breakage of the metal filter 70. Further, a stainless steel fiber having a wire diameter of 5 to 30 μm is used as the material of the filter main body 72, and the obtained cylindrical filter material is impregnated with a silica acrylic resin solution or the like and cured to obtain the metal filter 70. Further, according to this, the metal filter 70 may be adjusted by adjusting the density and thickness of the filter main body 72 according to the size of the foreign matter in the high temperature gas to be filtered. Even foreign materials of a certain degree can be filtered out.
JP 2001-162118 A JP-A-10-88254 Japanese Patent No. 2859846

However, the above-described conventional filter has the following problems.
That is, in the porous metal filter of Patent Document 1 described above, when manufacturing the porous metal as described in Patent Document 2, in order to change the pore diameter and distribution density to be generated depending on the solidification conditions, the metal is used. Melting in a vacuum, adding gas, and solidifying while controlling the pressure and temperature requires a melting furnace, a vacuum device, and a pressure and temperature control device. In addition, the size and distribution density of the pores vary depending on the type of metal to be melted, the type of gas to be added, the pressure, and the temperature profile, so that relatively expensive production equipment is required.

Further, in the filter using the metal fiber nonwoven fabric of Patent Document 3 described above, the passage of fluid at the time of filtration is complicated due to bending, fractional distillation, merging, etc., and its extension is longer than the thickness of the filtration medium, There is a problem that energy loss increases.
Furthermore, when foreign particles such as solid particles or gel trapped in the gaps of the filtration medium accumulate, the filtration performance deteriorates, and the passage route of the fluid is complicated, for example, backwashing that flows the fluid in the direction opposite to that during filtration, etc. Even with this method, foreign matter is not completely removed, and there is a problem that the service life of the filter is reduced.
In addition, in the above-described conventional filters, foreign substances in the fluid can be filtered and separated, but these foreign substances are further rendered harmless by a chemical reaction, or particulate matters in the foreign substances are pulverized. It is not possible to prevent clogging.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, does not require expensive production equipment, facilitates the recovery of the processed material, and not only by the filter action of sorting out foreign substances in the fluid based on the particle size, but also by a chemical reaction. An object of the present invention is to provide a structure having a flow path for treating foreign matters in a fluid that can detoxify harmful substances in foreign matters or pulverize particulate matters in foreign matters to prevent clogging. It is what.

The present invention provides a structure having a flow path for treating foreign matter in a fluid configured as follows.
That is, the structure of the present invention is a structure including a flow path for processing foreign matter in a fluid, and the flow path has a minute flow path diameter and a flow path length larger than the flow path diameter. A minute geometric shape portion is formed on the wall surface of the flow path, and a foreign object in a fluid flowing through the flow path is in contact with the geometric shape portion formed on the wall surface of the flow path. It is characterized by processing foreign matter in the fluid by action.
Further, in the structure of the present invention, the geometrically shaped portion may select the foreign matter in the fluid by the particle size by the interaction, or may be physically pulverized into smaller particles, or may be decomposed by a chemical reaction. It is characterized by having a shape that enables any one of these processes, a process in combination with any of these processes, or all these processes.
In the present invention, the micro channel is formed by the thin and long channel formed with the geometrically shaped portion as described above, and the physicochemical reaction is generated on the foreign material in the fluid to perform the foreign material processing. This contributes to the scaling effect by the microchannel described later.

Specifically, the structure of the present invention can be configured as follows.
In the structure of the present invention, the flow path is constituted by a space formed by laminating a plurality of thin plates, and the geometric shape portion is formed on the surface of the thin plate with a desired surface roughness unevenness or a desired groove pattern. Can be formed.
Moreover, the structure of the present invention can be provided with a pressurizing means for allowing a fluid flowing through the flow channel to flow into the flow channel from an inlet of the flow channel.
The structure of the present invention may be provided with an accelerating means for accelerating and flowing out the fluid flowing through the flow channel from the outlet of the flow channel. In the structure of the present invention, a catalyst can be supported on the wall surface of the flow path.
In the structure of the present invention, the thin plate is formed of a conductive material, or the surface is covered with a conductive material, and electromagnetic induction heating means for heating the laminated body in which the thin plates are laminated by eddy current is provided. Can be.
In the structure of the present invention, the thin plate is formed of a conductive material, or is configured to cover the surface with a conductive material, and means for applying a voltage between the stacked bodies in which the thin plates are stacked. It can be configured to be provided.
In the structure of the present invention, the thin plate is formed of a magnetic material or the surface is covered with the magnetic material, and the magnetized magnetic material is disposed between the stacked bodies in which the thin plates are stacked. It can be constituted as follows.
In the structure of the present invention, the thin plate is composed of a ring-shaped thin plate, and the material and hardness constituting the thin plate penetrate through a cylindrical space formed by the inner peripheral surface of the laminated body in which the ring-shaped thin plates are laminated. By providing a cylindrical body made of an equal or hard material and passing through the cylindrical space of the ring-shaped thin plate while rotating the cylindrical body or vibrating in the left-right rotation direction and the axial front-rear direction, The structure which removes the foreign material adhering to the internal peripheral surface of the laminated body which laminated | stacked the said ring-shaped thin board can be taken. Further, the structure of the present invention forms a first shape on the fluid inlet side of the flow path and a second shape on the fluid outlet side of the flow path. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which a physicochemical reaction is generated by the second shape after the foreign matters in the fluid are sorted and / or pulverized into physically smaller particles according to the particle size.
Moreover, the structure of this invention can take the structure which has a feedback loop for the said fluid to repeat passage of the process part which has said 1st shape.
Moreover, the structure of the present invention is a microreactor that further synthesizes or decomposes a foreign substance in the fluid that is chemically decomposed by the geometrical shape part into a part of the thin plate on which the geometrical shape part is formed. The structure which has can be taken.
In the structure of the present invention, a first laminate formed by laminating thin plates on which the geometrically shaped portions are formed, and a second laminate obtained by laminating thin plates supporting a microreactor. A combined configuration can be taken.
In the structure of the present invention, when the fluid is exhaust gas, the structure can be configured as a filter for exhaust gas for treating foreign matter in the exhaust gas.

  According to the present invention, an expensive production facility is not required, and the recovery of a processed product is easy, and not only a filter function of selecting foreign matters in a fluid by particle size but also harmful substances in the foreign matters by chemical reaction. It is possible to realize a structure including a flow path for treating foreign matter in a fluid that can be made harmless or can crush particulate matter in the foreign matter to prevent clogging. Moreover, according to this, it can be used even under severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and corrosive environment, or can be removed and cleaned, thereby facilitating maintenance.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described by the following examples.

[Example 1]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure including a flow path for processing foreign matter in a fluid according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the figure, geometrical shape portions 91, 92, and 97 that are the first feature of the present embodiment are formed on the side surface of the flow path 90 formed in the structure 100. Further, in order to increase the chance that the foreign matter 61, 62, 68 contained in the contaminated fluid 20 flowing in from the inlet 93 interacts with the geometrical portions 91, 92, 97, the second embodiment of the present embodiment. As a feature, the flow path length L is longer than the opening D of the inlet 93.

Here, the cross-sectional dimension of the flow path 90 is set to several μm to several hundred μm, and foreign substances 61, 62, 68 having a smaller size than the inlet 93 flow into the flow path 90 from the inlet 93 together with the contaminated fluid 20. To do. Moreover, since the flow path length L is made into the dimension longer than the cross-sectional area of a flow path as above-mentioned, the flow path 90 has a structure with a large surface area per unit volume. Therefore, such a channel 90 forms a micro channel with a large surface area per unit volume and a narrow channel width, which increases the chance of contact between the foreign substances 61, 62, and 68 and the side surface of the channel 90. The
That is, the flow channel 90 of the present embodiment not only has a function of a filter for foreign matter, but also generates a physicochemical reaction for the foreign matter that has entered the flow channel 90 using the above-described micro flow channel, For example, harmful substances can be rendered harmless. Moreover, this can be decomposed into fine particles in the flow path, and clogging can be prevented.

Specifically, the foreign objects 61, 62, and 68 come into contact with or collide with these geometrical portions in the flow path by the geometrical shapes 91, 92, and 97 on the side surface of the flow path 90. For example, if the foreign matter 61 is a microorganism or a toxic organic substance, the microorganism is sterilized and the toxic organic substance is decomposed and detoxified by the mechanical energy and thermal energy generated at that time. Further, if the foreign matter 68 is a particulate substance, it can be crushed into fine particles that can be easily subjected to physicochemical treatment, and clogging of the flow path 90 can be prevented. If the foreign substance 62 is a harmful molecule or a harmful molecule cluster, the harmful molecule can be rendered harmless. In many cases, since harmful molecules are about the same size (˜Å) as fluid molecules, the geometrical portion 97 that interacts with the molecules is, for example, a substance that interacts with the target harmful molecules in the carbon nanotube. It is desirable that the material has a whisker-like shape with a material selectivity.
The fine particles 63, 64, 65, 69 thus processed by sterilization, decomposition, pulverization, etc. are selectively captured in the flow path 90 or flow out from the outlet 94 together with the purification fluid 30, Captured in a later process (not shown).

[Example 2]
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example using thin plates according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a foreign matter separating / disassembling unit having a gap formed when the thin plates 101 are stacked as a flow path.
In FIG. 2A, one or both surfaces of the thin plate 101 are roughened. Thus, for example, when the thin plate 101 having one surface as the ground 120 and the other surface being mirror-finished is laminated, the protrusion 122 of the ground 120 and the mirror surface portion (not shown) are in contact with each other, A space having a width of several μm to several tens of μm is formed. This space is used as the flow path 95. The protruding portion 122 of the plain is a geometric shape portion formed in the flow path 95, and the foreign matter is effectively separated and decomposed by setting an appropriate shape and distribution density. As for the surface treatment of the thin plate, a desired geometric shape can be produced by a known physical or chemical treatment. Although the laminated body 110 has laminated | stacked the flat plate in illustration, you may laminate | stack the thin plate 101 as a flexible thin film sheet, and roll the thin film sheet into a roll shape.

  In FIG. 2A, the foreign substances 61, 62, 68 contained in the contaminated fluid 20 flow into the flow path 95 from the inflow port (the front surface of the laminate 110 hand). Since the dimension of the flow path 95 in the stacking direction is several μm to several tens of μm, and the protrusions 122 that make the ground are scattered in the flow path 95, the foreign matter 61, 62, 68 collides with or contacts the protrusion 122. To do. The sterilization, decomposition, pulverization, etc. of the foreign matter 61, 62, 68 described in the first embodiment proceeds by the mechanical energy and thermal energy generated at that time, and the fine particles are further projected 122, the fine particles, and the surface of the thin plate. Are repeatedly processed by sterilization, decomposition, pulverization, and the like.

  As described above, in a microchannel having a small channel diameter and a large surface area per unit volume configured by the channel 95 and having a narrow channel width, foreign substances in the fluid flowing through the channel are It is possible to perform high-speed mixing of fine particles, and to perform high-speed heat exchange and high-speed diffusion by the interaction when contacting with the geometric shape portion formed on the wall surface of the flow path. Thus, it is possible to provide an excellent function such that the flow in the flow path 95 can be precisely controlled. In other words, the physical quantity that governs the transport phenomenon changes due to the decrease in scale, so that the inertial force decreases as the size decreases, and the viscous force and surface tension become dominant. That is, according to this embodiment, the microchannel scaling effect makes it easier for the fine particles in the microchannel to cause a physical / chemical reaction and to be controlled.

  The product discharged together with the purified fluid 30 from the outlet (back side of the paper) of the laminate 110 is made harmless by changing the surface roughness of the thin plate surface, the groove pattern, or the substances carried by the whiskers. Oxidized or reduced or inactivated molecules 66 or atoms 67, or a material 69 that is atomized for ease of post-processing.

FIG. 2B shows a first pattern example when the geometrical shape portion of the thin plate surface is formed by grooves. The illustrated groove pattern 121 has a tree structure. In the figure, reference numeral 1211 denotes a first pattern, 1212 denotes a second pattern, and 1213 denotes a third pattern. Reference numeral 1215 denotes a second inflow portion, and 1214 denotes a third inflow portion. The flow path starting from the inlet into which the contaminated fluid 20 flows in repeats the division and assembly, and finally the purified fluid 30 is discharged from the outlet 1216.
Since the groove pattern 121 has a technique, in addition to this, by efficiently changing the depth of the groove, it is possible to efficiently decompose and crush the foreign matter. In the outflow part 1213, it is also possible to change an outflow port for every particle | grain size.

  In addition, the foreign matter is decomposed and pulverized in the first pattern 1211, the physicochemical reaction of fine particles is generated using the microchannel function of the second pattern 1212, and the product of the product is generated using the third pattern 1213. It is also possible to separate and capture the product by dividing the outlet according to the particle size. It is also possible to cause a predetermined substance to flow from the second inlet 1215 and cause a physicochemical reaction between the fine particles and the predetermined substance in the micro flow path of the second pattern 1212. Further, the compound generated in the second pattern 1212 can be injected with zeolite or the like from the third inflow port 1214 to aggregate the compound, and the aggregate can be collected in the third pattern 1213.

FIG. 2C shows a second pattern example when the geometrical shape portion of the thin plate surface is formed by grooves. The illustrated groove pattern 122 'has a comb-tooth structure. This is suitable when separating foreign matter and fluid. The cross section of the groove pattern 122 ′ is larger than the contained foreign matter, and the thin plate surface portion 1011 facing the comb teeth forms a gap larger than the fluid molecule and smaller than the foreign matter when stacked.
Foreign matter contained in the contaminated fluid 20 accumulates in the groove pattern 1221. Foreign matter accumulated in the pattern 1221 can be easily collected by disassembling and cleaning the laminate. The purified fluid 30 passes through the thin plate surface portion 1011 and flows into the opposing comb tooth groove pattern 1222 and is discharged from the outlet. The physicochemical treatment can also be performed on the purified fluid using the thin plate surface portion as a microchannel. That is, the impurities that have escaped accumulation in the groove pattern 1221 are decomposed into harmless substances or synthesized by the microchannels in the thin plate surface portion.

[Example 3]
Next, a configuration example in Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 3A illustrates a foreign matter separating / decomposing means having a pressurizing means for pressurizing the inflow fluid of the present embodiment. As a means for forming a microchannel, a ring-shaped thin plate 130 having a geometric shape portion on the surface is laminated. The lowermost thin plate forming the laminate is circular and closes the cylindrical inner diameter space. A hole is formed in the side surface of the housing 140 that covers the laminated body of the ring-shaped thin plates 130, and the purified fluid 30 that has flowed out from the flow path formed by the laminated ring-shaped thin plates 130 is released. The pressurizing means 220 accelerates the flow of the contaminated fluid 20 flowing from the inner periphery of the ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminate through the micro flow path (gap between the thin plates), so that the foreign matter is formed on the side surface of the flow path. The energy that impinges on the geometrical features is increased, which promotes separation and decomposition.

[Example 4]
Next, a configuration example in Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 3B illustrates a foreign matter separation / decomposition unit having an acceleration unit for accelerating the inflowing liquid of the present embodiment from the inflow port toward the outflow port. The rotating means 230 rotates the ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminated body or the ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminated body and the casing 140 around the one axis of symmetry as a rotation axis, so that the contaminated fluid flows from the inner periphery of the ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminated body. The flow from the inlet to the outlet in the 20 microchannels (gap between the thin plates) is accelerated. The energy with which the foreign matter collides with the geometrical portion formed on the side surface of the flow path is increased, and separation and decomposition are promoted.

3 (c) and 3 (d) show the geometric shape formed on the surface of the ring-shaped thin plate 130, and FIG. 3 (c) shows the roughness treatment by designating the distribution density of the surface roughness. The surface 131 is shown, (d) shows the surface processed by designating the groove pattern 132 (width, depth, geometric coordinates).
When the ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminate is rotated as shown in FIG. 3B, it is desirable that the groove pattern 132 is rotationally symmetric. As the surface treatment, a desired geometric shape can be created by stamping, cutting, polishing, painting as a physical treatment, etching, vapor deposition, sputtering, crystal growth, or the like as a chemical treatment.

[Example 5]
FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a thin plate laminate carrying a catalyst in Example 5 of the present invention. The foreign matter separating / decomposing means shown in FIG. 4 is formed by laminating a thin plate 101 having a geometric shape portion 120 formed on one surface and a catalyst 150 supported on the other surface. The foreign matter that has entered the flow path 96 is separated or crushed into fine particles. Further, the action of the catalyst 150 promotes physicochemical reactions (oxidation reaction, reduction reaction, ionization, adsorption reaction, etc.) in the micro flow path.

  The present embodiment can be used for the treatment of particulate matter discharged from a diesel engine (SOF component (soluble organic fraction) consisting of carbonaceous soot and a high-boiling hydrocarbon component). That is, the combustible particles contained in the exhaust gas collide with the geometric shape portion of the thin plate 101 and become fine particles. At the same time, they are burned by the oxidation catalyst and finally become carbon dioxide and water. A catalyst for releasing oxygen may be added. Nitrogen oxide is decomposed into nitrogen and oxygen by a reduction catalyst.

[Example 6]
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the separation / decomposition means including the heating means in Embodiment 6 of the present invention. In this embodiment, the ring-shaped thin plate 130 is made of a conductive material, or the surface is covered with a conductive material, and electromagnetic induction heating means for heating the laminated body in which the ring-shaped thin plate 130 is laminated by eddy current is provided. The configuration. The electromagnetic induction heating means is an induction coil 160 in the figure. A device for generating an alternating current is not shown. A partition plate 133 is fixed to the end portion of the ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminated body on the inflow side of the contaminated fluid 20, and the thin plate 134 fixed to the other end is circular and closes the central hole. By adhering the outer periphery of the partition plate 133 to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 141 made of a non-conductive material, mixing of the contaminated fluid 20 and the purified fluid 30 is prevented.

  The contaminated fluid 20 flowing in from the ring hole is purified by passing through the micro flow path formed by the ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminated body carrying the geometric shape portion on the surface. The purified fluid 30 flows out and is discharged from the outer peripheral portion of the ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminate. The foreign matter contained in the contaminated fluid 20 passing through the micro flow path collides with a geometrical portion formed on the surface of the ring-shaped thin plate 130 and is crushed into fine particles. When a current flows through the induction coil 160, an eddy current flows through the entire ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminate, and the entire laminate is uniformly heated. Since the finely pulverized particles that collide with the geometric shape portion in the flow path are heated, a chemical reaction such as combustion effectively proceeds. When used in an exhaust gas purifying device, combustible fine particles in the exhaust gas come into contact with the heated ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminate and are completely burned.

[Example 7]
Next, a configuration example of the separation / decomposition means including the voltage application means according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6A is a means for selecting or collecting charged fine particles according to the present embodiment, in which a ring-shaped thin plate 130 made of a conductive material or a ring-shaped thin plate 130 whose surface is covered with a conductive material is laminated. The first stacked body 134 ′ and the second stacked body 135 are configured such that a voltage 170 is applied between the first stacked body and the second stacked body.
This embodiment is optimal for seawater desalination means, for example. That is, the seawater 20 flows from the inflow port 143 into a space surrounded by the casing 142 (insulator) and the two partition plates 133. Since the voltage 170 is applied to the two partition plates 133 at a relatively negative potential and electrostatic potential, the compound in the seawater 20 is electrolyzed and ionized into anions and positive ions.

  The anion is trapped in the inner periphery of the first laminated body 135 or the geometric shape portion (for example, groove pattern) formed on the laminated plate 130 constituting the laminated body 135. The positive ions are supplemented by a geometric shape portion formed on the inner periphery of the second laminated body 136 or the laminated plate 130 constituting the laminated body 136. When the foreign matter is chloride, chlorine gas is generated from the first stacked body 135. Aggregates such as sodium and magnesium are collected in the second laminate 136. The seawater 20 is purified while passing through the flow path formed by the ring-shaped laminated plate 130, becomes purified water 30, and flows out from the outer circumference of the first laminated body 135 and the outer circumference of the second laminated body 136, respectively.

[Example 8]
Next, a configuration example of the separation / decomposition means including the magnetized magnetic body according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6B is a means for selecting or supplementing the magnetic fine particles of the present embodiment. A ring-shaped thin plate 130 made of a magnetic material or a ring-shaped thin plate 130 whose surface is covered with a magnetic material is laminated. The laminated body 135 is composed of one laminated body 135 and the second laminated body 136, and the magnetic body 240 magnetized in the cylindrical axis direction is provided between the first laminated body 135 and the second laminated body 136. A protective ring 241 is fixed inside the magnetic body 240. The protective ring may be a magnetic material. For easy understanding, the magnetic body 240 and the protective ring 241 are cut along the AA ′ plane in the drawing.

  This embodiment is most suitable as a means for purifying cutting oil containing fine particles of cutting powder, for example. The cutting oil 20 containing magnetic fine particles flows from the inflow port 143 into a space surrounded by the casing 142 (non-magnetic material) and the two partition plates 133. Since the first laminated body 135 and the second laminated body 136 are magnetized by the magnetic body 240, the magnetic fine particles constitute the inner circumference of the first and second laminated bodies 135, 136 or the respective laminated bodies. It is supplemented by a geometrical shape part (for example, a groove pattern) formed on the laminated board 130. The cutting oil 20 is purified while passing through the flow path formed by the ring-shaped laminated plate 130 to become oil 30 that does not contain magnetic fine particles, and from the outer circumference of the first laminated body 135 and the outer circumference of the second laminated body 136, respectively. leak.

[Example 9]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a means for collecting foreign matter trapped on the inner periphery of the ring-shaped thin plate laminate in the ninth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, when the size of the cross section of the micro flow path formed by the geometrical portion formed on the ring-shaped thin plate 130 is smaller than the particles intended for supplementation, the particles are captured on the inner peripheral side of the ring-shaped thin plate 130. The FIG. 7 shows a method of scraping particles 190 captured on the inner peripheral side of the ring-shaped thin plate 130 and collecting them in the container 200 without clogging the microchannels of the laminate.

  The grindstone 180 in which the cylindrical surface is formed with a predetermined surface roughness is equal to, slightly larger or smaller than the inner diameter of the ring-shaped thin plate 130. The grindstone 180 is made of a material having the same hardness or a high hardness as the material constituting the ring-shaped thin plate 130 thin plate. The grindstone 180 is inserted into a space formed by the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminate, and penetrates the space while rotating or vibrating in the left-right rotation direction and the axial front-rear direction. Since the particles attached to the inner periphery of the ring-shaped thin plate 130 laminate are scraped off while the grindstone 180 vibrates, the cross section of the micro flow path formed by the geometrical portion formed on the ring-shaped thin plate 130 is not collapsed.

[Example 10]
8 and 9 are diagrams for explaining a configuration example according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, separation and pulverization of particles and selection by particle size are possible.
FIG. 8 shows the configuration of a thin plate carrying a geometric shape portion having different functions in this embodiment. FIG. 9 shows the structure of a foreign matter separating / disassembling means in which a plurality of ring-shaped thin plate laminates having different functions in this embodiment are combined.
In this embodiment, in order to achieve the above object as shown in FIG. 8, geometrical portions having different functions are provided on the surface of the thin plate 101. As is apparent from the embodiments so far, the flow path 123 is formed by laminating the thin plates 101. Moreover, a plurality of ring-shaped thin plate laminates are combined for each different function as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 8, foreign substances contained in the contaminated fluid 20 are prevented from entering the flow path 123 by a thin plate laminated with the partition pattern 127 disposed at the inlet of the flow path 123. Next, the particles that have entered the flow path 123 collide with the wedge-shaped pattern 124 to be separated and pulverized. Among the pulverized particles, those larger than the cross-sectional shape of the micro flow path formed by the thin plate laminated with the geometric shape portion 126 are returned through the feedback flow path 125 and collide with the wedge-shaped pattern 124 again to be separated.・ It is crushed. Repeat this until there are enough small particles.
There are two design methods for the geometrical portion 126. In other words, it is possible to discharge only the purification fluid 30 so that the fine particles do not pass through the geometric shape portion 126 and to capture the fine particles before the geometric shape portion. Alternatively, as a geometrically shaped part into which the fine particles can enter, a physicochemical reaction is generated while passing through the micro flow path, and the fine particles are converted into a desired product or detoxified, and discharged together with the purification fluid 30. It is also possible. In this case, a means for capturing the product is required in the subsequent process.

  In FIG. 9, the geometric shape portion formed on the surface of the ring-shaped thin plate constituting the laminated body 135 is set to be coarser than the laminated body 136. The contaminated fluid 20 passes from the inner periphery to the outer periphery through the flow path of the stacked body 135, then flows into the inner periphery of the stacked body 136, passes through the flow path of the stacked portion, and flows out from the outer periphery. That is, the stacked body 135 can capture large particles, and the stacked body 136 can capture small particles. Since the size varies depending on the atoms and molecules constituting the fine particles, it is suitable for selecting and collecting foreign substances contained in the fluid. When it is necessary to make the particles smaller, a means for separating and pulverizing the particles according to the embodiment of the present invention may be provided in the pre-process of the laminated body 135.

[Example 11]
Next, a configuration example in Embodiment 11 of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 10A shows a configuration example in which a geometrically shaped portion is formed on one surface in this embodiment, and a thin plate carrying a microreactor (microreaction path) is stacked on the remaining surface. A microreactor is a microchannel. In the embodiment described above, it has been shown that the micro flow path can be configured using the geometric shape portion, but in the present embodiment, the micro flow path formed by the geometric shape portion is limited to the function of separating and decomposing foreign matter, By allowing the microreactor to carry out the process of synthesizing a desired product, a higher performance foreign matter separation and decomposition means is configured.
In FIG. 10 (a), a thin plate 101 carries a roughened surface 120 for forming a geometric shape portion on one side and a microreactor 210 on the other side. When this is laminated, a flow path 98 in which the microreactor and the geometric shape portion are arranged in parallel is formed. The large foreign matter 242 contained in the contaminated fluid 20 is captured at the inlet of the thin plate 101 laminate and collected in the container 200. The particles 242 ′ entering the flow path 98 collide with the geometric shape portion 120 and become fine particles. The microreactor takes in the fine particles and generates a chemical reaction to synthesize or decompose the fine particles into the desired product 241. The product 241 is discharged together with the purification fluid 30.

[Example 12]
Next, a configuration example in Embodiment 12 of the present invention will be described.

  In FIG. 10B, a first laminate 250 in which a thin plate carrying a desired geometric shape portion is laminated on one surface in this embodiment, and a thin plate carrying a microreactor on one surface are laminated. The structural example which couple | bonded the 2nd laminated body 251 formed in this way is shown. The intended action is the same as that of Example 11, but in the laminate combination of the first laminate 250 and the second laminate 251 shown in FIG. 10B, the first laminate 250 is The configuration is such that the particles 242 ′ contained in the contaminated fluid 20 are captured at the inlet and only the purified fluid 30 is discharged. The trapped particles 242 'are guided to the second stacked body 251 as shown in the drawing, and flow into the flow path of the microreactor. The microreactor 210 performs chemical treatment (redox reaction, etc.) on the particles 242 ′ to generate a desired product 241.

  As is apparent from the description of the above embodiments, according to these, unlike conventional porous metal filters and non-woven metal filters, for example, the surface of the thin plate is subjected to an appropriate physical or scientific surface treatment, and the thin plate Since the flow path can be formed by laminating, the general physical or chemical surface processing technology or whisker forming technology is used, and it is inexpensively manufactured without the need for expensive manufacturing equipment. Is possible.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure including a flow path for processing foreign matter in a fluid according to the first embodiment. It is a figure explaining the structural example by the thin plate in Example 2 of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows the structure of the separation-and-disassembly means of the foreign material which uses the clearance gap formed when a thin plate is laminated | stacked as a flow path, b) is a diagram showing a first pattern example when the geometric shape portion of the thin plate surface is formed by grooves, and (c) is a second pattern when the geometric shape portion of the thin plate surface is formed by grooves. The figure which shows the example of a pattern. It is a figure explaining the structural example in Example 3 and Example 4 of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows the structure of the isolation | separation decomposition | disassembly means of a foreign material which has a pressurization means to pressurize the inflow fluid of Example 3. (B) is a figure which shows the structure of the isolation | separation decomposition | disassembly means of a foreign material which has an acceleration means for accelerating the inflow liquid of Example 4 toward an outflow port from an inflow port. Further, (c) is a view showing the surface 131 subjected to the roughness processing by designating the distribution density of the surface roughness, and (d) is the processing performed by designating the groove pattern 132 (width, depth, geometric coordinates). It is a figure which shows the surface. The figure explaining the thin-plate laminated body which carries the catalyst in Example 5 of this invention. The figure explaining the separation-and-decomposition means provided with the heating means in Example 6 of this invention. The figure explaining the isolation | separation decomposition | disassembly means provided with the voltage application means or the magnetized magnetic body in Example 7 and Example 8 of this invention. The figure explaining the means to collect | recover the foreign material caught on the inner periphery of the ring-shaped thin board laminated body in Example 9 of this invention. The figure explaining the thin plate which supports the geometric shape part which has a different function in Example 10 of this invention. The figure explaining the isolation | separation decomposition | disassembly means of the foreign material which combined the some ring-shaped thin-plate laminated body with a different function in Example 10 of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structural example in Example 11 and Example 12 of this invention, (a) forms a geometric shape part in the single side | surface in Example 11, and forms a microreactor (micro reaction path) in the remaining surface. It is a figure which shows the structural example which laminated | stacked the thin plate to carry | support, (b) is a figure which shows the structural example which couple | bonded the thin plate laminated body which carries the geometric shape part in Example 12, and the thin plate laminated body which carries a microreactor. . It is a figure explaining the filter means using the porous metal of patent document 1 which is a prior art example, (a) is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a gas porous metal filter, (b) is the porous metal which is a filtration medium. Perspective view. It is a figure explaining the filter means using the metal nonwoven fabric of patent document 2 which is a prior art example, (a) is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a cylindrical metal filter, (b) is a perspective view of a cylindrical metal filter.

Explanation of symbols

10: Porous metal (filtration medium)
11: Through-hole 100: Structure 101: Thin plate 110, 135, 136, 250, 251: Laminate body 120: Plain 122: Protruding part 121, 122 ', 132: Groove pattern 130: Ring-shaped thin plate 131: Roughness treatment Surface 124, 126, 127, 91, 92, 97: Geometric part 125: Feedback flow path 133: Partition plate 134: Circular thin plate 150: Catalyst 170: Voltage application means 180: Grinding stone 20: Contaminated fluid, for example exhaust gas And seawater, used cutting oil 210: Microreactor 220: Pressurizing means 230: Rotating means 240: Magnetized magnetic body 241: Chemically processed products 50, 140, 141, 142: Case 143: Case Body inlet 60, 61, 62, 68: Foreign matter 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69: Fine particles 72: Non-woven gold The filter body, which consists of (felt) 90,95,96,98,123: the flow path

Claims (15)

A structural part having a flow path for treating foreign matter in a fluid,
The channel has a minute channel diameter and a channel length larger than the channel diameter,
A minute geometric shape portion is formed on the wall surface of the flow path, and a foreign object in a fluid flowing through the flow path is in contact with the geometric shape portion formed on the wall surface of the flow path. A structure that treats foreign matter in the fluid by an action.   The geometric shape part is any one of these processes in which foreign substances in the fluid are sorted by particle size by the interaction, or are physically pulverized into smaller particles, or decomposed by a chemical reaction. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure has a shape that enables processing by a combination with any of these or all of these processing.   The flow path is constituted by a space formed by laminating a plurality of thin plates, and the geometric shape portion is formed on the surface of the thin plate by unevenness of a desired surface roughness or a desired groove pattern. The structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein   The pressurization means for making the fluid which flows through the flow path flow in from the inflow mouth of the flow path is provided with respect to the flow path. Structure.   The acceleration means for accelerating and flowing out the fluid flowing through the flow path from the outlet of the flow path is provided for the flow path. The structure described in 1.   The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a catalyst is supported on a wall surface of the flow path.   The thin plate is formed of a conductive material, or has a surface of a conductive material, and has electromagnetic induction heating means for heating the laminated body in which the thin plates are laminated by eddy current. The structure according to claim 1.   The thin plate is formed of a conductive material, or has a surface of a conductive material, and has means for applying a voltage between stacked bodies in which the thin plates are stacked. The structure according to any one of claims.   The thin plate is formed of a magnetic material, or has a surface of a magnetic material, and a magnetized magnetic body is disposed between the laminates obtained by laminating the thin plates. The structure according to claim 1.   A cylinder made of a material having a hardness equal to or harder than that of the material constituting the thin plate, wherein the thin plate is made of a ring-shaped thin plate and penetrates a cylindrical space formed by an inner peripheral surface of a laminate in which the ring-shaped thin plates are laminated. Of the laminated body in which the ring-shaped thin plates are laminated by passing through the cylindrical space of the ring-shaped thin plate while rotating the cylindrical body or vibrating in the left-right rotation direction and the axial front-rear direction. The structure according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein foreign matter attached to the peripheral surface is removed.   The channel has a first shape formed on the fluid inlet side of the channel and a second shape formed on the fluid outlet side of the channel, and the first shape 11. The physicochemical reaction is generated by the second shape after the foreign matter in the fluid is sorted by particle size and / or pulverized into physically smaller particles. The structure according to item.   The structure according to claim 11, wherein the flow path includes a feedback loop for repeating the passage of the fluid through the processing unit having the first shape.   The microreactor for further synthesizing or decomposing foreign substances in the fluid chemically decomposed by the geometric shape portion is provided in a part of the thin plate on which the geometric shape portion is formed. The structure according to any one of 3 to 12.   The first laminated body formed by laminating the thin plates on which the geometrically shaped portions are formed and the second laminated body formed by laminating the thin plates supporting the microreactor are combined and configured. The structure according to any one of claims 3 to 12.   The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the fluid is exhaust gas, and the structure is an exhaust gas filter for treating foreign matter in the exhaust gas.

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