JP2005139225A - Desulfurization apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a desulfurization apparatus which can be more efficiently operated by efficiently removing deposited matters which are formed in a vapor condensation apparatus in the desulfurization apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: In the desulfurization apparatus where gases 50 to be treated containing H<SB>2</SB>S or the like are subjected to desulfurization treatments using an absorption liquid 40, deposited matters adhering in the vapor condensation apparatus 3 for cooling gases such as H<SB>2</SB>S and vapor from a regeneration column 2 are removed using the absorption liquid 40 supplied from an absorption liquid-supplying apparatus 5 or the regeneration column 2. Preferably, the absorption liquid 40 is used for removing the deposited matters in a heated state. The absorption liquid 40 used for removing the deposited matters and the deposited matters are separated in the separation apparatus 7 and are recovered separately. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention removes all or part of an acidic gas component from a gas containing an acidic gas component such as H ₂ S or CO ₂ discharged from a gasification furnace that partially oxidizes or thermally decomposes fuel such as coal or heavy oil. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Gas containing acidic gas components such as H ₂ S and CO ₂ is discharged from a gasifier that partially oxidizes or thermally decomposes coal, heavy oil, and the like. A desulfurization device is provided to remove all or part of the acid gas component in the form of H ₂ S in the gas and obtain a product gas used in a turbine or the like.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a conventional wet desulfurization apparatus in which H ₂ S is absorbed by the absorbing liquid. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, an absorption tower 101, a regeneration tower 102, a steam condenser 103, and a steam generator 104 are provided. In the absorption tower 101, the gas 150 to be treated containing H ₂ S is introduced from the lower part of the absorption tower and brought into gas-liquid contact with the absorption liquid flowing in from the upper part so that acidic gas components such as H ₂ S are taken into the absorption liquid. Thus, the acid gas component is removed from the gas. The gas from which the acid gas component has been removed is discharged from the top as a product gas 151 and used in other facilities such as a gas turbine, a fuel cell, and a chemical synthesis plant (not shown).

  The absorption liquid 141 that has taken in the acid gas component is sent to the regeneration tower 102. In the regeneration tower 102, the absorbing liquid 141 that has taken in the acid gas component is sprayed from above, and the acid gas component is dissociated by contact with the steam prepared by the steam generator 104 and fed from the bottom of the regeneration tower 102, and the acid gas component is dissociated. The absorbing liquid 141 that has taken in the gas component is regenerated as the absorbing liquid 140. The regenerated absorption liquid 140 is sent again to the absorption tower 101.

The inside of the regeneration tower 102 is maintained at a temperature of about 80 ° C., and the gas and steam containing H ₂ S and CO ₂ are sent from the top to the steam condenser 103 to be cooled, and the steam is condensed into water for regeneration. It is returned to the tower 102, passed through the wall of the regeneration tower 102 and the like, sent to the lower part of the regeneration tower 102, and further returned to the steam generator 104. On the other hand, the gas containing H ₂ S and CO ₂ after condensing the steam is discharged out of the system of the present desulfurization apparatus as off-gas 153 from the steam condensing apparatus 103 and further processed as necessary.

As for desulfurization of SOx and the like, there are various types of wet desulfurization apparatuses, which are described in Patent Document 1, for example.
JP 2001-157818 A

  The coal partial combustion gas or pyrolysis gas often contains a small amount of oil in addition to the acid gas component. For this reason, in the desulfurization apparatus as shown in FIG. 4, when the steam recovered from the regeneration tower 102 is cooled by the steam condensing apparatus 103, oil and sulfur are solidified and attached to the heat transfer surface and the like. The thermal performance is lowered, and the operation efficiency of the vapor condensing device 103 is lowered. Although it is possible for an operator to remove deposits adhering to the heat transfer surface, it is complicated and it is necessary to once stop the operation of the apparatus.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a desulfurization apparatus capable of efficiently removing deposits generated in a steam condensing unit in a desulfurization apparatus and a method for cleaning a steam agglomeration part under the circumstances as described above. .

The desulfurization apparatus of the present invention is provided with means for supplying an absorbing liquid to a steam condensing part and removing deposits adhering to the steam condensing part such as a heat transfer surface with the absorbing liquid. The absorption liquid is originally used in the absorption tower for the purpose of taking in acidic gas components such as H ₂ S and CO ₂ from the gas to be treated, but the absorption liquid is also used for removing deposits adhering to the vapor condensing part. The inventors have found that they can be used. The present invention has been made based on such an idea, and the present invention efficiently removes the deposits in the vapor condensing unit by removing the deposits using the absorbing liquid, thereby efficiently operating the desulfurization apparatus. It is possible.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an absorption tower for bringing a gas to be treated containing an acidic gas component containing H ₂ S and CO ₂ into contact with an absorbing liquid and taking the acidic gas component into the absorbing liquid, and the acidic gas component is taken in. A regeneration tower that regenerates the absorbed liquid into an absorption liquid that has been brought into contact with steam to dissociate the acidic gas component, a steam condensing section that cools the steam and gas discharged from the regeneration tower, and an absorbing liquid in the steam condensing section. It is a desulfurization apparatus provided with the absorption liquid supply part which supplies. The absorbing liquid is sent to the vapor condensing part by the absorbing liquid supply means, and the deposits can be removed using the absorbing liquid. Since the adhering material can be removed by the absorbing liquid, it is possible to remarkably reduce the labor required for the operator to clean and remove the inside of the vapor condensing part. Further, since it can be removed regardless of human work, it is possible to remove deposits in the steam condensing unit without completely stopping the operation of the entire desulfurization apparatus, which contributes to continuous operation of the desulfurization apparatus.

  2nd invention is a desulfurization apparatus provided with the heating part which heats the absorption liquid supplied from the said absorption liquid supply part. When used to remove deposits in the vapor condensing part, the higher the temperature of the absorbing liquid, the more efficiently it can be removed.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a discharge means for discharging the mixture of the absorption liquid and the deposit generated in the vapor condensing part when the absorption liquid is supplied, and the deposit recovery for receiving the mixture of the absorption liquid and the deposit discharged from the vapor condensation section. And a desulfurization apparatus. During normal operation without deposit removal processing, the steam and gas from the regeneration tower are cooled, and water is returned from the steam condensing section to the regeneration tower or steam generating section. However, since the liquid containing the adhering matter is generated during the adhering matter removal, the discharging means and the adhering matter collecting unit for separately discharging the mixture of the absorbing liquid and the adhering matter stored in the vapor condensing unit are provided. By providing, it is possible to separately collect the absorbing liquid and the deposits and prevent the deposits from being mixed into other parts.

  4th invention is equipped with the isolation | separation part which isolate | separates the mixture of the absorption liquid discharged | emitted from a vapor | steam condensation part, and a deposit into an absorption liquid and a deposit, and supplies the absorption liquid obtained by isolate | separating to a regeneration tower This is a desulfurization device that is piped like this. By separating the absorption liquid and the deposits discharged from the vapor condensing unit, the deposits adhering to the vapor condensing unit can be recovered. The collected deposits can be made easier to handle in subsequent transport and disposal operations, etc., by performing a compression treatment or the like. Further, the separated absorption liquid is supplied to the regeneration tower as necessary, for example, when it is necessary to supplement the absorption liquid, and the absorption liquid is efficiently used.

  5th invention is a desulfurization apparatus of Claim 4 whose separation part of absorption liquid and a deposit | attachment is an instrument which isolate | separates the absorption liquid and deposit | attachment discharged | emitted from the vapor | steam condensation part by the liquid-liquid separation means. By adopting such means, it is possible to efficiently separate the absorbing liquid and the deposits.

  6th invention is a desulfurization apparatus in which the said separation part is an instrument which isolate | separates the absorption liquid and deposit | attachment discharged | emitted from the vapor | steam condensation part by the solid-liquid separation means. By adopting such means, it is possible to efficiently separate the absorbing liquid and the deposits.

  A seventh invention is a desulfurization apparatus in which a plurality of the steam condensing units are provided, and the plurality of steam condensing units can be operated independently of each other. Even when the operation is stopped to perform the deposit removal operation in one of the plurality of vapor condensing units, the vapor and gas from the regeneration tower are processed in the other vapor condensing units. Operation is possible and continuous operation of the desulfurization apparatus can be easily performed.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an absorption tower for bringing a gas to be treated containing an acidic gas component containing H ₂ S and CO ₂ into contact with an absorbing liquid and taking the acidic gas component into the absorbing liquid, and the acidic gas component being taken in. The steam of the desulfurization apparatus comprising: a regeneration tower for bringing the absorbed liquid into contact with steam to dissociate the acidic gas component to regenerate it into an absorbent liquid; and a steam condensing unit for cooling the steam and gas discharged from the regeneration tower This is a method for cleaning a vapor condensing unit in a desulfurization apparatus, in which deposits adhering to the condensing unit are removed by bringing an absorbing liquid into contact therewith. Since the adhering material is removed using the absorbent, the adhering material can be removed easily, and the human work burden can be reduced. The cleaning method according to the eighth invention is a method suitably used in the desulfurization apparatus according to the present invention.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the desulfurization apparatus which removes the deposit | attachment produced in a vapor | steam condensing apparatus efficiently and can be operated continuously for a long time is provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this embodiment. In addition, constituent elements in the following embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art or those that are substantially the same.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a desulfurization apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The desulfurization apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes an absorption tower 1, a regeneration tower 2, a steam condensing apparatus 3, a steam generating apparatus 4, a heating apparatus 6, an absorbing liquid supply apparatus 5, and a separation apparatus 7.

In the desulfurization apparatus shown in FIG. 1, a gas to be treated 50 containing acidic gas components such as H ₂ S and CO ₂ is sent from the lower part of the absorption tower 1, and an absorbing liquid 40 is supplied from the upper part to supply the gas 50 to be treated. Gas-liquid contact with the absorbing liquid 40 is performed. The means for gas-liquid contact is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that the absorbing liquid 40 and the gas to be processed 50 are sufficiently brought into contact with each other. Specifically, for example, a spray tower method in which the absorbing liquid is dispersed in the absorption tower 1, a packed tower method in which the packing material is packed and passed between the packing materials, a stage tower method in which a stage is provided inside the absorption tower, and the like. I can take it. In the absorption tower 1 shown in FIG. 1, the absorption tower 1 is packed with a filler. Moreover, the absorption liquid 40 should just be what can take in an acidic gas component in a liquid, for example, an amine solvent etc. are used suitably. More specifically, examples of preferred amine solvents include methyldiethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine. Although depending on the type of the absorbing liquid, the temperature in the absorption tower is preferably adjusted to about 30 to 50 ° C. The product gas 51 obtained by removing acidic gas components such as H ₂ S is supplied to a gas turbine or the like (not shown) and used.

In the lower part of the absorption tower 1, an absorption liquid 41 in which an acidic gas component is taken into the absorption liquid 40 is collected. The absorbing liquid 41 in which the acid gas component is taken is sent to the upper part of the regeneration tower 2 by a pump (not shown) or the like. Further, steam prepared by heating water to about 150 ° C. by the steam generator 4 is sent from the lower part of the regeneration tower 2. In the regeneration tower 2, the absorbing liquid 41 in which the acidic gas component has been taken into contact with the vapor, and the acidic gas component such as H ₂ S is dissociated from the absorbing liquid 41. A filler is also provided in the regeneration tower 2, and a sufficient contact area between the absorbing liquid 41 in which the acidic gas component has been taken in and the steam is taken. In the regeneration tower 2, the acidic gas component absorbed in the absorbent 41 is preferably released at about 100 to 130 ° C. to regenerate the absorbent. In addition, the steam is cooled from about 150 ° C. to about 40 ° C. and condensed. The liquid regenerated as the absorbing liquid 40 by dissociating acidic components such as H ₂ S is sent again from the lower part of the regeneration tower 2 to the absorption tower 1 by a pump (not shown). On the other hand, the gas containing steam and H ₂ S is discharged from the upper part of the regeneration tower 2 and sent to the steam condensing device 3.

In the steam condensing device 3, the steam sent from the regeneration tower 2 and the gas containing an acidic gas component such as H ₂ S are cooled, and the steam is condensed into water. The outlet valve 8b is opened, the valve 11b is closed, and the water in the steam condenser 3 is returned from the return path to the regeneration tower 2 and sent to the lower part of the regeneration tower 2 through the wall surface and the like. Is returned to the steam generator 4 for reuse. On the other hand, a gas containing an acidic gas component such as H ₂ S is discharged out of the system of the present desulfurization apparatus as an off gas 53. The off gas 53 is further processed by another desulfurization apparatus or the like (not shown) as necessary.

  When the vapor condensing device 3 continues to operate, solids adhere to the surface of the heat transfer plate of the vapor condensing device and other components such as oil components slightly contained in the vapor and gas. If this deposit accumulates, the thermal efficiency of the heat transfer plate will decrease, and it will be necessary to remove it.

  In the desulfurization apparatus shown in FIG. 1, an absorption liquid supply apparatus 5 for supplying the absorption liquid 40 to the vapor condensing apparatus 3 and a heating apparatus 6 for heating the absorption liquid are provided, and the absorption liquid 40 is used for removing the deposits. The valve 12 is opened, and the same absorption liquid 40 as that used as the absorption liquid 40 in the absorption tower 1 is supplied from the absorption liquid supply device 5. The absorbing liquid 40 is heated to 40 to 130 ° C., more preferably 80 to 100 ° C. by the heating device 6, and sent to the vapor condensing device 3, where it is spread on the part to which the deposits adhere, particularly the surface of the heat transfer plate. It is possible to remove deposits that are equalized and adhered to the vapor condensing device 4. In this way, the inside of the vapor condensing device 4 is cleaned.

  At the time of removing the deposit, at least the outlet valve 8b is closed in order to close the water return path to the regeneration tower 2. By closing the outlet valve 8b, adhering substances are prevented from entering the regeneration tower 2. Although depending on conditions such as the amount of steam and gas from the regeneration tower 2, the capacity or processing capacity of the steam condensing device 3, the operation of the steam condensing device 3 can be continued even during the removal process. Even during the removal treatment, it is possible to continue the continuous operation of the desulfurization apparatus. However, the desulfurization device is stopped as necessary when the mixture of deposits and absorption liquid generated by the removal process is accumulated in the vapor condensing device 3 and the efficiency of the vapor condensing device 3 is significantly reduced, and the inlet valve 8a. It is also a preferable form that the deposit is removed and the deposit is removed.

  By closing the outlet valve 8b on the pipe to the regeneration tower 2 and opening the valve 11b, the absorbing liquid 40 and the deposits are fed into the separation device 7. In the case of this embodiment, the separation device 7 also serves as a collection container for the mixture of the deposit and the absorbing liquid 40. By separately providing the recovery unit, it is possible to prevent adverse effects such as adhering substances mixed into other parts of the desulfurization apparatus.

  In the separation device 7, the mixture of the absorption liquid and the deposit is separated into the absorption liquid and the deposit. The method of separation is not particularly limited, but methods such as liquid-liquid separation, solid-liquid separation, separation utilizing differences in specific gravity, and filtration can be used. The deposits separated by the separation device 7 are compressed as, for example, solids, are carried out of the system, and are discarded or reused. On the other hand, the absorption liquid is sent to the regeneration tower 2 and used for contact with the gas to be treated, for example, when it is necessary to replenish the absorption liquid used in the absorption tower 1 as necessary. . When sending to the regeneration tower 2, the valve 11a is opened and the valve 11c is closed. Further, the absorbing liquid 40 may be returned to the absorbing liquid supply device 5, in which case the valve 11a is closed and the valve 11c is opened. In this way, by using the absorbing liquid for removal of deposits in the vapor condensing apparatus 3 and utilization in the absorption tower 1, the absorbing liquid used in the desulfurizing apparatus system can be used efficiently, and an efficient desulfurizing apparatus can be used. You can drive. Moreover, by providing the removal system using the absorbing liquid 40, the labor required for removing the deposits is greatly reduced.

  Examples of more detailed separation apparatuses include those shown in FIGS. 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3. In the separation apparatus shown in FIG. 4A, the absorbing liquid 42 containing the oil is cooled by the cooling device 13 to, for example, about 20 to 40 ° C. to crystallize the oil, and the oil 30 and the absorbing liquid are filtered by the filtering device 14. And 43. The absorbent 43 after oil removal is reused.

  In the separation device shown in FIG. 4B, the absorbing liquid 43 containing oil is cooled to, for example, about 20 to 40 ° C., and the oil 30 is deposited and separated in the precipitation tank 15. The absorbent 43 after oil removal is reused.

  In the separation apparatus shown in FIG. 4-3, for example, a separation tank 16 containing two kinds of liquids, ie, a first layer liquid 16a and a second layer liquid 16b having different specific gravity adjusted to about 80 ° C. to 100 ° C., is provided. 30 is taken into the first layer liquid, and the oil 30 and the absorbing liquid 43 are separated. The absorbent 43 after oil removal is reused.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 2 is a view showing a desulfurization apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2 showing the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the desulfurization apparatus shown in FIG. 2, the absorption liquid 40 regenerated in the regeneration tower 2 is piped so as to be sent to the vapor condensing apparatus 3. That is, the valve 10 a is closed, the valve 10 b is opened, and the absorbing liquid 40 is sent to the heating device 6 by the pump 9. Although different from FIG. 2, it is also possible to adopt a form in which the absorbing liquid 40 is sent from the regeneration tower 2 to the absorbing liquid supply apparatus 5. By making the absorption liquid 40 regenerated in the regeneration tower 2 also usable in the vapor condensing device 3 in this way, the convenience of reusing the absorption liquid in the system is improved. More specifically, for example, it can be used as a replenishment for an absorbing solution deteriorated in the system.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a view showing a desulfurization apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3 showing the third embodiment, the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and description thereof is omitted.

  In the desulfurization apparatus shown in FIG. 3, two steam condensing apparatuses 3a and 3b are provided. It is also possible to provide three or more vapor condensing devices. The steam and gas discharged from the regeneration tower 2 are sent to either the steam condenser 3a or 3b by the switching valve 18a. Water obtained by condensing in the steam condensing devices 3a and 3b is returned to the regeneration tower 2 through a pipe to the regeneration tower 2, respectively. A switching valve 18b is provided in the water return path from the steam condensers 3a and 3b.

  When the normal operation is performed without performing the deposit removal process, the vapor condensing device 3a is operated, and the steam and gas from the regeneration tower 2 are not sent to the vapor condensing device 3b. If normal operation is continued, deposits gradually accumulate in the vapor condensing device 3a.

  When it is necessary to remove deposits from the vapor condensing device 3a, the switching valve 18a is switched so that the vapor and gas are fed into the vapor condensing device 3b, and the switching valve 18b on the return path is also switched. Then, steam and gas are cooled in the steam condenser 3b, and the operation of the desulfurizer is continued as usual.

  On the other hand, the absorption liquid heated from the absorption liquid supply means is supplied to the vapor condensing device 3a, and the deposit removal processing in the vapor condensing device 3a is performed. The absorbing liquid 40 and the deposit are sent to the separation device 7 and separated into the absorbing liquid 40 and the deposit.

  When it is necessary to remove the deposit on the vapor condensing device 3b, the switching valves 18a, 18b, and 18c are switched, and the vapor condensing device 3b is operated to remove the deposit on the vapor condensing device 3b. Just do it.

  As described above, by allowing the vapor condensing devices 3a and 3b to be operated independently, the deposit removal operation can be easily performed while continuously operating the desulfurization device.

  The present invention can be suitably used in various apparatuses and facilities that use a desulfurization apparatus.

It is a figure which shows the desulfurization apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the desulfurization apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the desulfurization apparatus of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the specific example of a separation apparatus. It is a figure which shows the other specific example of a separation apparatus. It is a figure which shows the other specific example of a separation apparatus. It is a figure which shows the conventional desulfurization apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Absorption tower 2 Regeneration tower 3, 3a, 3b Steam condensing apparatus 4 Steam generating apparatus 5 Absorption liquid supply apparatus 6 Heating apparatus 7 Separation apparatus 8a Input valve 8b Outlet valve 9 Pump 10a, 10b Valve 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d Valve 12 Valve 13 Cooling device 14 Filtration device 15 Precipitation tank 16 Separation tank 18a, 18b, 18c Switching valve 30 Oil 40 Absorbing liquid 41 Absorbing liquid (after taking up the acidic component)
42 Absorbing liquid containing oil 43 Absorbing liquid (after removing oil)
50 Gas to be treated 51 Generated gas 53 Off-gas

Claims (8)

An absorption tower for bringing a gas to be treated containing an acidic gas component containing H ₂ S and CO ₂ into contact with an absorbing liquid and taking the acidic gas component into the absorbing liquid; and an absorbing liquid in which the acidic gas component is taken in A regeneration tower that regenerates the absorption liquid in which the acidic gas component is dissociated by contact with the vapor, a vapor condensation section that cools the vapor and gas discharged from the regeneration tower, and an absorption liquid supply that supplies the absorption liquid to the vapor condensation section And a desulfurization apparatus.   The desulfurization apparatus of Claim 1 provided with the heating part which heats the absorption liquid supplied from the said absorption liquid supply part.   A discharge means for discharging the mixture of the absorption liquid and the deposit generated in the vapor condensing unit when the absorption liquid is supplied, and a deposit recovery unit for receiving the mixture of the absorption liquid and the deposit discharged from the vapor condensation unit, The desulfurization apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.   A separation unit that separates the mixture of the absorbing solution and the deposits discharged from the vapor condensing unit into the absorbing solution and the deposits, and was piped so as to supply the absorbing solution obtained by the separation to the regeneration tower, The desulfurization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The desulfurization apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the separation unit is an instrument that separates the absorption liquid and deposits discharged from the vapor condensing unit by the liquid-liquid separation unit.   The desulfurization apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the separation unit is an instrument that separates the absorption liquid and deposits discharged from the vapor condensing unit by a solid-liquid separation unit.   The desulfurization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a plurality of the steam condensing units are provided, and the plurality of steam condensing units can be operated independently of each other. An absorption tower for bringing a gas to be treated containing an acidic gas component containing H ₂ S and CO ₂ into contact with an absorbing liquid and taking the acidic gas component into the absorbing liquid; and an absorbing liquid in which the acidic gas component is taken in Attached to the vapor condensing part of a desulfurization apparatus comprising a regeneration tower that regenerates an absorption liquid that has been dissociated from the acidic gas component in contact with the steam, and a steam condensing part that cools steam and gas discharged from the regeneration tower. A method for cleaning a vapor condensing part of a desulfurization apparatus, wherein deposits are removed by contacting an absorbing solution.

Images