JP2005131587A - Dehydrator of soft mud - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily attach a filter frame to a filter plate without using a fastening means or an adhesive and not sacrificing the sealability of the filter frame, thereby reducing a manufacturing cost and improving the maintenance. <P>SOLUTION: A dehydrator, comprising a conjoined body 23 that is a combination of a plurality the filter plates 20 with the filter frames 22 each made of an elastic body with frames 22 abutted against on both the front and back sides of a filter plate body 21, pressing the body 23 by a pressing mechanism, pressing a soft mud into filtration chambers 28 formed between the plates 20, and dehydrating the mud through a filter cloth 25 partially provided on both the front side and back sides of the body 21, keeps the frames 22 detachably attached to the body 21 by forming grooves 35 whose cross-sections are U-shaped on the backsides of the frames 22, firmly fixing round bars (engagement members) 36 on both the front and back sides of body 21 and fitting the members 36 into the grooves 35. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a dewatering treatment apparatus used for dewatering soft mud such as dredged soil and construction generated soil, and more specifically, a so-called filter press system for performing dewatering by pressing soft mud into a filter chamber surrounded by a filter cloth. The present invention relates to a dehydration apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the filter press-type dehydration treatment is performed by closing a plurality of filter plates 2 each having a filter frame 1 made of an elastic material on both front and back sides while abutting the filter frame 1, thereby connecting the connecting bodies 3. First, (A) the connecting body 3 is pressed at a low pressure by a pressing mechanism (hydraulic jack) 4, and soft mud is pressed into a filter chamber 5 formed between the filter plates 2 by a pump 6. Then, primary dehydration is performed by dewatering through the filter cloths 7 attached to both the front and back surfaces of the filter plate 2, and then (B) the connecting body 3 is pressed at a high pressure by the pressing mechanism 4 to perform secondary dehydration (squeezing). Thereafter, (C) the pressing mechanism 4 is returned and the filter plate 2 is sequentially opened to discharge the dewatered cake M. In addition, as this kind of dehydration apparatus, after performing primary dehydration by interposing a movable stopper between the filter plates 2, the movable stopper is taken out and secondary dehydration is performed (Patent Document 1). ), An intermediate reinforcing material (spacer) made of an elastic material between the filter plates 2 to prevent deformation of the filter plate 2 (Patent Document 2), or omitting the movable stopper, There is a type in which two-stage dehydration (primary dehydration and secondary dehydration) is performed only by operating the pressing mechanism 4 while monitoring the interval between the filter chambers 5 with a sensor (Patent Document 3).

JP-A-11-57322 JP 2001-62210 A JP 2002-273108 A

  By the way, in the conventional dehydration apparatus, the filter frame 1 is generally detachably attached to the front and back surfaces of the filter plate 2 using bolts 10 and nuts 11 (fastening means) as shown in FIG. More specifically, in the filter frame 1, a hole (bolt hole) 13 is provided in a substantially trapezoidal filter frame body 12, and a washer 14 is aligned with the bolt hole 13 on the back side in the filter frame body 12. Buried. The two filter frames 1 are joined to both front and back surfaces of the filter plate 2 via the reinforcing plate 15, and in this state, the reinforcing plate 15 is inserted from the bolt hole 13 of one filter frame 1 and the other filter frame 1. The bolt 10 extending to the bolt hole 13 and the nut 11 accommodated in the bolt hole 13 of the other filter frame 1 are fastened and fixed to the filter plate 2. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 16 denotes a draining net disposed between the filter cloth 7 and the filter plate 2, and the water that has passed through the filter cloth 7 flows through the drainage net 16 and the lower part of the filter plate 2. It is discharged to the outside through a drainage passage (not shown) formed in the above. Reference numeral 17 denotes a reinforcing frame fixed to the peripheral edge of the filter plate 2.

However, according to the mounting structure of the conventional filter frame 1 described above, since it is necessary to provide a relatively large bolt hole 13 at the center of the filter frame body 12, in order to ensure a desired sealing property, the filter frame Since the main body 12 must be formed in a large size (large cross section) and the washer 14 must be embedded inside, the manufacturing cost of the filter frame 1 is inevitably increased. It was. In addition, since a large number of fastening points (bolts 10 and nuts 11) must be set at a predetermined pitch for one filter frame 1, not only the filter frame 1 is attached, but also when the filter frame 1 is replaced. There is a problem that the removal work is troublesome and the cost burden in this aspect is large. In particular, the bolt hole 13 is filled with a curable liquid rubber material from the viewpoint of ensuring sealing performance after the filter frame 1 is attached to the filter plate 2, and the filter frame 1 is replaced. Occasionally, the troublesome work of removing the filled rubber material from the inside of the bolt hole 13 is required, and the maintainability is remarkably deteriorated.
In some cases, the filter frame 1 is bonded to the filter plate 2 using an adhesive, but in this case, there is a problem of peeling of the filter frame 1 due to repeated opening and closing of the filter plate 2. In addition, when replacing the filter frame 1, a troublesome work of repairing the joint surface is required, which is insufficient for use as an alternative to the mounting structure.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to simplify the filter frame without depending on the fastening means and the adhesive and without sacrificing the sealing performance of the filter frame. An object of the present invention is to provide a soft mud dewatering apparatus that can be attached to a filter plate and greatly contributes to a reduction in manufacturing cost and an improvement in maintainability.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention comprises a plurality of filter plates each provided with a filter frame made of an elastic material on both the front and back surfaces of the filter plate main body, while joining the filter frames to form a connecting body, In the dehydration processing apparatus that presses the connecting body by a pressing mechanism, presses soft mud into a filter chamber formed between the filter plates, and dehydrates the filter plates attached to both the front and back surfaces of the filter plates. The filter frame is detachably attached to the filter plate main body by fitting engagement members fixed in advance on both the front and back surfaces of the filter plate main body in grooves formed on the back surface thereof. In the dehydrating apparatus configured as described above, the attachment of the filter frame to the filter plate is completed only by fitting the locking member fixed in advance on the filter plate body into the groove on the back side of the filter frame. Moreover, since it is not necessary to provide a bolt hole in the filter frame, the filter frame can be reduced in size.

In the present invention, the locking member may be a round bar, and the groove of the filter frame may have a U-shaped cross section. By constituting in this way, the attachment structure of the filter frame to the filter plate body is not only simplified, but also the attachment operation is simplified.
The present invention may also be configured to contact a reinforcing frame fixed to the periphery of the filter plate main body to the outer periphery of the filter frame, in this case, the filter frame is backed up by the reinforcing frame, Further downsizing can be achieved.

  According to the soft mud dewatering apparatus according to the present invention, the filter frame can be easily attached to the filter plate without depending on the fastening means or the adhesive, and the filter frame itself can be downsized. Thus, a significant reduction in production cost and a significant improvement in maintainability can be achieved.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 4 show an embodiment of a soft mud dewatering apparatus according to the present invention. In these drawings, reference numeral 20 denotes a filter plate provided with filter frames 22 made of an elastic body (rubber) on both front and back surfaces of a rectangular filter plate main body 21. A large number of filter plates 20 are arranged between the fixed platen 8 and the movable platen 9 driven by the hydraulic jack (pressing mechanism) 4 in the same form as the filter plate 2 shown in FIG. Each filter plate 20 is supported so as to be able to run on a common rail (not shown). In the dehydration process, the filter plate 20 moves in a closed frame direction in which the filter frames 22 collide with each other in conjunction with the movable platen 9. Thus, a connecting body 23 (FIG. 4) in which a large number of filter plates 20 are connected is constructed. Further, each filter plate 20 is moved in an open frame direction in which the filter frames 22 are separated from each other by an open frame mechanism (not shown). In addition, since the traveling mechanism, the opening frame mechanism, and the like of the filter frame 22 are described in detail in the above-described Patent Documents 1 and 2, further description thereof is omitted here.

  A draining net 24 and a filter cloth 25 are attached to both front and back surfaces of the filter plate main body 21 constituting the filter plate 20. The draining net 24 has an area that is almost full inside the filter frame 22 and is fixed to the filter plate main body 21 by appropriate fixing means. On the other hand, the filter cloth 25 has a larger area than the plate surface of the filter plate main body 21, and the peripheral edge thereof extends beyond the upper surface of the filter frame 22 to the outside of the filter plate main body 21. A reinforcing frame 26 is fixed (for example, welded) to the peripheral edge of the filter plate main body 21, and the peripheral edge of the filter cloth 25 drawn out of the filter plate main body 21 is attached to the reinforcing frame 26. It is fixed (FIG. 1). A plurality of spacers 27 made of an elastic body (rubber) are provided on both the front and back surfaces of the filter plate main body 21, and the filter cloth 25 is pressed against the draining net 24 by the spacers 27. Each spacer 27 is fixed in a removable manner using common bolts and nuts on both the front and back surfaces of the filter plate main body 21 in the same form as the attachment structure of the filter frame 1 shown in FIG. In this case, the back surface portion of the spacer 27 is in contact with the filter plate main body 21 through the opening provided in the draining net 24, and in this state, the step surface provided on the periphery of the back surface portion presses the filter cloth 25. It has become.

  The filter plates 20 are joined via a filter cloth 25, whereby a filter chamber 28 is formed between the filter plates 20 constituting the connecting body 23. A communication hole 29 that communicates the inside of each filter chamber 28 is formed in the center of the filter plate body 21, the draining net 24, and the filter cloth 25, and the pump 6 (FIG. 5) is formed in the fixed platen 8. The inlet 30 for introducing the soft mud soil pumped from the above into the connecting body 23 is formed. The soft mud soil pumped from the pump 6 is press-fitted into the filter chambers 28 from the introduction ports 30 through the communication holes 29, whereby moisture flows into the draining net 24 on the back side through the filter cloth 25. The inner peripheral surface of the communication hole 29 is sealed with a seal member 31 (FIG. 3). On the other hand, drainage slits 32 are formed at a plurality of locations below the filter plate main body 21, and through holes 33 are formed at locations where the reinforcing frame 26 is aligned with the slits 32. The slit 32 of the filter plate main body 21 extends across the back side of the filter frame 22, and moisture that has flowed into the draining net 24 passes through the slit 32 and the through-hole 33 in the reinforcing frame 26. It is discharged out of the filter plate 20 (downward).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the filter frame 22 is a round bar (locked) that is preliminarily welded to the front and back surfaces of the filter plate main body 21 in a groove 35 having a U-shaped cross section formed on the back surface thereof. Member) 36 is detachably attached to the filter plate main body 21 by fitting. Here, the filter frame 22 has a substantially trapezoidal shape, and the groove 35 is formed at a portion biased toward the inner peripheral side of the filter frame 22. Further, a notch 37 for receiving the outer periphery of the draining net 24 is formed in a portion adjacent to the inner periphery on the back side of the filter frame 22. In the present embodiment, the notch 37 reaches the inside of the groove 35, so that the inner peripheral side portion of the filter frame 22 has a thin structure that is relatively easily elastically deformed. In order to attach the filter frame 22 to the filter plate main body 21, it is only necessary to align the groove 35 with the round bar 36 and press the filter frame 22 against the filter plate main body 21. The groove 35 expands by being slightly elastically deformed outward, and the round bar 36 is easily fitted into the groove 35. Thus, the filter frame 22 attached to the filter plate body 21 is elastic in a direction in which the inner peripheral side portion receives pressure (indicated by a small arrow) in the filter chamber 28 and presses the round bar 35 during dehydration. As a result, the filter frame 22 is fixed in position relative to the filter plate main body 21.

  Thus, since the filter frame 22 does not require the bolt hole 13 (FIG. 6) as in the conventional case, even if the entire width is set narrower than that of the conventional filter frame 2, the sealing performance is sufficiently ensured. Become. In this case, since it is necessary to secure the necessary filter chamber 28, it is possible to reduce the size by driving the outer peripheral side of the filter frame 22. In the present embodiment, the filter plate main body 21 is downsized in accordance with the downsizing of the filter frame 22, and the reinforcing frame 26 attached to the peripheral edge thereof is brought into contact with the outer periphery of the filter frame 22. That is, the outer periphery of the filter frame 22 is pressed by the reinforcing frame 26, and as a result, the position of the filter frame 22 is firmly fixed to the filter plate main body 21. In addition, chamfered portions 22a and 22b for escaping the welded portions 38a and 38b for fixing the reinforcing frame 26 and the locking member 35 to the filter plate main body 21 are formed on the back surface of the filter frame 22 (FIG. 2). .

Hereinafter, a dehydrating method using the dehydrating apparatus configured as described above will be described.
The dehydration process is basically the same as the procedure shown in FIG. 5. First, the movable platen 9 is advanced by the extension operation of the hydraulic jack 4, and a large number of filter plates 20 are made to collide with the filter frame 22. Together, the connecting body 23 (FIG. 4) is constructed. At this time, the hydraulic jack 4 is set to a low pressure, whereby the filter frame 22 and the spacer 27 are compressed by an initial set amount, and a filter chamber 28 having a predetermined interval is formed between the filter plates 2. Next, the soft mud is pumped into the connecting body 23 through the inlet 30 in the stationary platen 8 by the operation of the pump 6. Then, the soft mud is pressed into the filter chambers 28 through the communication holes 29, and a large amount of water contained in the soft mud flows into the draining net 24 on the back side through the filter cloth 25. It is discharged out of the filter plate 20 through a slit 32 formed in the filter plate body 21 and a through hole 33 in the reinforcing frame 26. That is, primary dehydration is performed.

  When the primary dehydration is completed, the hydraulic jack 4 is switched to the high pressure side. Then, the movable platen 9 moves forward, and the filter plate 20 constituting the connecting body 23 contracts the mutual space while further compressing the filter frame 22 and the spacer 27 to each other, thereby existing between the soft mud particles. Moisturizing water is squeezed out. That is, secondary dehydration (squeezing) is performed, and the dewatering cake M (FIG. 5) remains in each filter chamber 28. Thereafter, a frame opening means (not shown) is operated in accordance with the shortening operation of the hydraulic jack 4, and the frame is sequentially opened from the filter plate 20 on the movable platen 9 side, thereby dehydrating as shown in FIG. 5 (C). The cake M is sequentially dropped from the filter plate 20, thereby completing one cycle of the dehydration process.

  In the dehydration process, the filter plate main body 21 is likely to be deformed due to the pressure difference between the adjacent filter chambers 28, but the filter plates 20 are joined together with the spacers 27 abutted with each other. Is reinforced by the surrounding reinforcing frame 26, the deformation of the filter plate body 21 is prevented in advance. Further, when the filter frame 22 and the spacer 27 are damaged due to the inclusion of obstacles such as gravel, or when they are exchanged due to long-term deterioration thereof, the filter frame 22 is placed in the notch 37 on the back side thereof. By inserting an appropriate jig, it can be easily detached from the round bar 36 on the filter plate main body 21 side, and can be easily replaced.

In the above embodiment, the continuous round bar 36 is used as the locking member, but it is needless to say that the round bar 36 may be provided intermittently. Further, the round bar 36 as the locking member may be provided in two inner and outer strips (double) in order to more firmly fix the filter frame 22 to the filter plate main body 21. Two inner and outer grooves 35 are also provided on the rear surface of the frame 22. Furthermore, the fitting shape of the locking member on the filter plate main body 21 side and the groove on the filter frame 22 side to be fitted to this is arbitrary, and may be rectangular or key-shaped.

It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part structure of the dehydration processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the attachment structure with respect to the filter frame main body of the filter frame which comprises this dehydration processing apparatus. It is a top view which opens and shows a part of whole structure of the filter plate which comprises this dehydration processing apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the connection structure of the filter plate at the time of the dehydration process by this dehydration processing apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which shows the procedure of the dehydration processing method of a filter press system. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional attachment structure with respect to the filter frame main body of the filter frame.

Explanation of symbols

4 Hydraulic jack (pressing mechanism)
6 Pump 20 Filter plate 21 Filter plate body 22 Filter frame 23 Connecting body 24 Draining net 25 Filter cloth 26 Reinforcement frame 27 Spacer 35 Groove of filter frame 36 Locking member

Claims (3)

  A plurality of filter plates each provided with a filter frame made of an elastic material on both the front and back surfaces of the filter plate main body are joined together while abutting the filter frame, and the connecting body is pressed by a pressing mechanism, In a dehydration apparatus in which soft mud is pressed into a filter chamber formed between filter plates and dehydrated through filter cloths attached to both front and back surfaces of the filter plate, the filter frame is formed in a groove formed on the back surface thereof. An apparatus for dewatering soft mud soil, which is detachably attached to the filter plate main body by fitting engaging members fixed in advance on both front and back surfaces of the filter plate main body.   The dewatering apparatus for soft mud soil according to claim 1, wherein the locking member comprises a round bar, and the groove of the filter frame has a U-shaped cross section. The dewatering apparatus for soft mud soil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a reinforcing frame fixed to the periphery of the filter plate main body is brought into contact with the outer periphery of the filter frame.

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