JP2005131477A - Organic waste treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic waste treatment apparatus having a stable fermentation/decomposition and dehumidification capacity with respect to the amount and quality of charged organic waste, issuing a warning to a user so as to stand by for charging to prevent secondary trouble beforehand, suppressing the amount of the moisture evaporated of a base material having being used for culturing aerobic microorganisms and preventing the clogging of a circulating route caused by drying and dusting to reduce the labor of a serviceman. <P>SOLUTION: The current of a stirring motor in an organic waste treatment process is always detected and monitored. Herein, when the fluctuation value of the current of the stirring motor is detected during a fermentation/ decomposition time when fermentation/decomposition most advances during the treatment process and dehumidification quantity increases, the stirring operating efficiency of the stirring motor and the temperature control value in a fermentation tank are controlled not only to improve a fermentation/decomposition capacity but also to accelerate a dehumidifying speed. Further, at this time, a warning is displayed so that the next charging of organic waste is allowed to stand by. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an organic waste treatment apparatus, and in particular, fermented and decomposed organic matter such as waste (garbage), municipal waste, food production waste, etc. with aerobic microorganisms. The present invention relates to the promotion of fermentation / decomposition and the maintenance of performance of organic waste treatment equipment that can be widely applied for business use such as lunch centers.

  In recent years, the technology of fermenting organic waste with aerobic microorganisms, that is, composting is not only pollution-free, but also technology that enables reuse and natural reduction of organic waste. It has been reviewed.

  In particular, with respect to rice cakes, ie, food waste, development of an apparatus capable of performing a fermentation process at a high speed and with a high decomposition rate has been desired along with the expansion of the food service industry and the large consumption of food products.

  Conventionally, composting of organic waste such as agricultural waste and sewage sludge is a method of fermenting naturally by maintaining a state that has been cultivated for a long period of time, without using most means that actively promote it. Has been done in.

  FIG. 7 shows an example of a conventional organic waste treatment apparatus. This configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 7. The fermenter 1 is divided into a fermenter 1 </ b> A on the inlet 11 side and a fermenter 1 </ b> B on the outlet 15 side by the partition plate 6. A base material 7 in which aerobic microorganisms are cultured is stored in the fermenter 1, and a stirring operation is performed by a stirring device including a stirring shaft 8, a stirring rod 9, a power transmission mechanism, and a stirring motor 12. At this time, the agitation operation is always performed for a fixed time, and the operation is repeated forward and reverse each time it is turned ON / OFF.

  If organic waste is thrown into the fermenter 1 from the inlet 11 here, it will stir-mix with the base material 7 which culture | cultivated the aerobic microorganism, and fermentation decomposition will begin. In order to promote fermentation decomposition, a heating means such as a heater is installed on the outer periphery of the fermenter 1 and heated while maintaining the temperature in the fermenter 1 at a constant level. At this time, the temperature in the fermenter 1 rises due to heat from heating and fermentation decomposition, and water vapor and carbon dioxide gas are generated. The water vapor or carbon dioxide gas is constantly sent to the heat exchanger 21 by the circulation fan motor 24, and becomes condensed water by cooling the heat exchanger 21 by the cooling fan 23 attached to the blower fan motor 22. The condensed water is neutralized in the neutralization tank 27 and sent to the deodorization tank 26 in order to show an acid tendency due to the organic acid of the organic waste. Further, the carbon dioxide gas always sends a part of the air in the fermenter 1 circulated by the circulation fan motor 24 to the deodorization tank 26 by the blower motor 25. Condensed water and carbon dioxide are deodorized by microorganisms in the deodorization tank 26 in the deodorization and discharged outside the apparatus through the exhaust port and the drain port.

  In this way, the organic waste in the fermenter 1 is gradually fermented and decomposed to remove moisture, and the relatively lighter fine particles float upward in the fermenter 1A on the inlet 11 side, and are partitioned. The plate 6 overflows and accumulates in the fermenter 1B on the discharge port 15 side. Further, in the fermenter 1B on the discharge port 15 side, since fermentation decomposition and water removal proceed, composting of organic waste proceeds and the water content is also lowered. It is discharged to the stocker 10 which is adjacent via

  FIG. 8 shows a current abnormality detection flowchart of the stirring motor 12. Conventionally, the current of the agitating motor 12 is detected only for the purpose of determining whether or not the agitating motor 12 has reached the abnormal setting value for protection of the agitating motor 12. Was stopped and abnormal display was performed (for example, refer to Patent Documents 1 to 4).

JP-A-6-304542 JP-A-7-124538 JP-A-63-288986 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-145388

In such a conventional organic waste treatment device, when proposing and delivering an organic waste treatment device, the quantity and quality of the organic waste discharged from the user is investigated in advance and suitable for the user. We are proposing organic waste treatment equipment that can deal with the treatment capacity. However, in the process of use, variations in the amount and quality of the organic waste to be introduced naturally occur, and the following problems may occur in the prior art. That is,
(1) If the amount of organic waste suitable for organic waste treatment equipment can be input, the aerobic microorganisms in the fermenter can be added so that they can be fermented and decomposed in 24 hours and then input again the same day the next day. While the cultured base material is recovered, if it is used in an excessively charged manner, the fermentation / decomposition treatment cannot be performed in 24 hours, and the base material on which the aerobic microorganisms are cultured becomes sludge.
(2) While the moisture in the organic waste is dehumidified in 24 hours, and the substrate on which the aerobic microorganisms in the fermenter are cultured is recovered so that it can be input again the same time the next day, If organic waste with a lot of moisture is introduced, it cannot be dehumidified in 24 hours, and the substrate on which aerobic microorganisms are cultured becomes sludge.
(3) When used continuously with a low input, in order to promote fermentation decomposition, aerobic microorganisms are cultured under the influence of the heater that heats the fermenter while keeping the temperature in the fermenter constant. Moisture in the substrate thus evaporated evaporates too much, and drying and dusting progress. In addition, since the agitation motor is constantly turned on and off for a certain period of time, the substrate on which the aerobic microorganisms dried and dusted are cultured is swollen, and the circulation path of water vapor and carbon dioxide gas is clogged. Reduces dehumidification capacity, and lowers fermentation / decomposition capacity of organic waste.
(4) When the circulation path is clogged or the base material on which the aerobic microorganisms are cultured becomes sludge, it takes time to clean the serviceman and to replace the base material on which the aerobic microorganisms are cultured.

The organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention was invented in view of the above problems, and in order to solve the above problems, the current of the agitation motor during the organic waste treatment process is constantly detected and monitored, and the organic waste When the moisture in the tank begins to be dehumidified, the viscosity of the mixture of organic waste and aerobic microorganisms in the fermenter increases, and the current of the stirring motor starts to rise. Is
(1) Control to increase the stirring operation rate of the stirring motor and the temperature control value of the heater that is heating the fermenter or the temperature control value in the fermenter. It is characterized by improving fermentation and decomposition ability and promoting dehumidification speed.
(2) The operation mode of the item (1) is displayed, the user is warned of waiting for charging, and secondary troubles are prevented in advance.

Further, when fermentation / decomposition and dehumidification progress and pass the peak, the viscosity of the mixture of the organic waste in the fermenter and the substrate on which the aerobic microorganisms are cultured decreases and gradually returns onto the particles. At that time, the current of the agitation motor decreases and finally returns to a stable current with no constant fluctuation. If that current is detected,
(3) The stirring operation rate of the stirring motor is lowered, and the temperature control value of the heater heating the fermenter or the temperature control value in the fermenter is controlled to decrease, and the substrate on which the aerobic microorganisms are cultured is controlled. It is characterized by suppressing the amount of water evaporation and suppressing clogging of the circulation path due to drying and dusting.
(4) When the operation mode of the item (3) is entered, the input standby display is canceled.

According to the present invention, the current of the agitation motor in the process of treating organic waste is constantly detected and monitored, the water in the organic waste begins to evaporate and dehumidify, and the organic waste and aerobic microorganisms in the fermenter are cultured. When an increase in the current of the stirring motor is detected when the viscosity of the mixed base material increases, the stirring operation time of the stirring motor, the temperature control value of the heater, and the temperature control value in the fermenter are controlled in the increasing direction. The following effects can be expected by displaying warnings. That is,
(1) It is possible to provide an organic waste treatment apparatus that can be fermented and decomposed in 24 hours even when organic waste is overloaded, and has improved reliability against overloading. It was.
(2) Even when organic waste with a lot of water is input, it can be dehumidified in 24 hours, improving the dehumidifying capacity, and stable organic waste treatment with respect to the amount and quality of the input organic waste. It became possible to provide a device.
(3) It has become possible to provide an organic waste treatment apparatus that can warn the user of standby and prevent secondary troubles in advance.

In addition, when the current of the stirring motor is reduced and a stable current without fluctuation is detected, the stirring operation time of the stirring motor, the heater heater temperature control value, and the temperature management value in the fermenter are controlled to decrease. The following effects can also be expected. That is,
(4) The amount of water evaporation of the base material on which the aerobic microorganisms are cultured can be suppressed, and the clogging of the circulation path due to drying and dusting can be prevented, thereby making it possible to reduce the labor of service personnel.

  Details of the present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a graph showing characteristics of a stirring motor current and dehumidification amount in a process of fermentation / decomposition of organic waste during 24 hours after the introduction of organic waste according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a form of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an example of the stirring motor control specification after the organic waste is charged, FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an example of the temperature control value control specification in the fermenter after the organic waste according to the embodiment of the present invention is charged, FIG. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an example of a stirring motor control specification after the introduction of the organic waste showing the form of the present invention, a temperature control value control specification in the fermenter, and an input standby warning display specification during the fermentation / decomposition promotion operation, FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the display position when displaying the input standby warning because the input organic waste is in the fermentation / decomposition promotion operation, and FIG. 6 is an input organic waste indicating the form of the present invention. Fermented It is an explanatory diagram showing a transmitter in conjunction with charged standby warning for a while decomposition accelerator operation the relation of the receiver.

  Fig. 1 shows the characteristics of the agitator motor current and the dehumidification amount in the process of fermenting and decomposing organic waste for 24 hours after the introduction of organic waste. The characteristics of the mixture of the organic waste in the fermenter 1 and the base material 7 in which the aerobic microorganisms are cultured vary roughly in three patterns: a mixing time zone, a fermentation / decomposition time zone, and a property recovery time zone. Go. At that time, since the organic waste in the fermenter 1 and the base material 7 in which the aerobic microorganisms are cultured are mixed in the mixing time zone, the properties of the mixture are influenced by the influence of moisture contained in the organic waste. In a state where there is a lot of moisture and the load applied to the stirring motor 12 is light, the current value hardly fluctuates and the dehumidification amount is small. As the mixing time zone elapses, fermentation / decomposition of organic waste in the fermenter gradually progresses and enters the fermentation / decomposition time zone. In the fermentation / decomposition time zone, the amount of dehumidification increases, and the viscosity of the mixture of the organic waste in the fermenter 1 and the substrate 7 on which aerobic microorganisms are cultured also increases. As the load applied to the stirring motor 12 increases, the fluctuation of the current value increases. As the fermentation / decomposition and dehumidification progress, the property recovery time zone is entered. The property of the mixture of the organic waste in the fermenter 1 and the base material 7 in which the aerobic microorganisms are cultured becomes less viscous and is in a smooth state. The load of the agitating motor 12 is reduced, the current value is stable with little fluctuation, and the dehumidifying amount is reduced. When this state is reached during the fermentation / decomposition process of organic waste, the next organic waste can be input. Therefore, the current of the stirring motor 12 is constantly detected and monitored this time, and when the rising current of the stirring motor 12 during the fermentation / decomposition time period is detected, the operation rate of the stirring motor 12 and the temperature management value in the fermenter 1 are controlled. , Improve fermentation / decomposition capacity and accelerate dehumidification speed for organic waste with excessive input and moisture.

  FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of an example of the stirring motor control specification after the organic waste is charged. When the main power switch of the organic waste treatment apparatus 14 is turned on and the stirring operation is started, the organic waste treatment apparatus 14 is operated at an operation rate K (for example, 40% (ON / OFF = 2 minutes / 3 minutes)) Prepare for. The presence / absence of the organic waste is detected by detecting the opening / closing signal of the input door 17 to determine that the organic waste has been input, and in order to increase the stirring rate during the mixing time period, the operation rate of the stirring motor 12 is set to L (For example, 50% (ON / OFF = 3 minutes / 3 minutes)). The current of the agitation motor 12 is always monitored for the presence or absence of a fluctuation value of ± ΔI (for example, 0.2 A) or more within a determination time S (for example, 15 minutes). Therefore, when the fluctuation value of + ΔI is detected, it is determined that the fermentation / decomposition time period has been entered, and the operation rate of the stirring motor 12 is switched to M (for example, 80% (ON / OFF = 4 minutes / 1 minute)). Improve fermentation and decomposition capacity and accelerate dehumidification speed for organic waste with excessive input and moisture. As fermentation / decomposition and dehumidification progress in the process, it begins to peak and gradually recovers its properties. At that time, the current value of the agitating motor 12 decreases, and if the current fluctuation value of the agitating motor 12 becomes −ΔI or less within S time, it is determined that the property recovery time zone has been reached, and the agitating motor 12 is operated. The rate is changed to N (for example, 30% (ON / OFF = 1.5 minutes / 3.5 minutes)), and the next organic waste input standby operation is performed. The reason why the operation rate of the agitation motor 12 is not operated at M from the start of operation is to optimize the power consumption.

  Although the operation rate control of the stirring motor 12 has been described with reference to FIG. 2, when the outer periphery of the fermenter is heated by a heating element, the temperature management in the fermenter 1 is detected by detecting the current fluctuation value of the stirring motor 12. Controlling the value is also effective. Therefore, FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of an example of the temperature management value control specification in the fermenter after the organic waste is introduced. When the main power switch of the organic waste treatment apparatus 14 is turned on, the temperature in the fermenter 1 is controlled to be P ° C. (for example, 60 ° C.) to prepare for the introduction of organic waste. Similar to the operation rate control of the agitation motor 12, whether or not the organic waste is input is determined by detecting the opening / closing signal of the input door 17, and the organic waste is input. Is changed to Q ° C. (for example, 65 ° C.). Therefore, when the fluctuation value of + ΔI of the stirring motor 12 is detected, it is determined that the fermentation / decomposition time zone has been entered, the temperature control value in the fermenter 1 is switched to R ° C. (eg, 70 ° C.), Improve fermentation / decomposition ability and accelerate dehumidification speed for wet organic waste. In the process, when the current fluctuation value of the agitation motor 12 becomes −ΔI or less, it is determined that the property recovery time zone has been reached, and the temperature control value in the fermenter 1 is changed to T (for example, 50 ° C.), The next organic waste is put into standby operation. The reason why the temperature control value in the fermenter 1 is not set to R ° C. from the start of operation of the organic waste treatment apparatus 14 is to reduce the power consumption and to dry the substrate 7 on which organic waste and aerobic microorganisms are cultured. This is to prevent dusting.

  In addition, as shown in the flowchart of the stirring motor control specification, the fermenter temperature control value control specification, and the input standby warning display specification at the time of fermentation / decomposition acceleration operation shown in FIG. It is most effective in the organic waste treatment apparatus 14 to detect the current fluctuation value of 12 and simultaneously perform the operation rate control of the stirring motor 12 and the temperature management value control in the fermenter 1. If the next organic waste is introduced during the fermentation / decomposition time period, the previous portion is untreated, causing problems such as sludge. As shown in FIG. It is also possible to prevent a secondary trouble by providing a display lamp 13 in the vicinity of, and displaying an input standby for the user during the fermentation / decomposition time period. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6 at the same time as the display, a receiver installed in a room where a cook or the like is present by transmitting a radio wave of a signal for waiting for input from a transmitter installed in the organic waste treatment device 14. By receiving the radio wave and turning on a display lamp or the like, it is possible to warn of standby for input even in a remote place.

It is a stirring motor electric current characteristic and dehumidification amount characteristic diagram in the process of organic waste fermentation and decomposition | disassembly processing for 24 hours after throwing in the organic waste by one Example of this invention. It is a flowchart of an example of a stirring motor control specification after the organic waste which shows the form of this invention is thrown in. It is a flowchart of an example of the temperature control value control specification in a fermenter after the organic waste which shows the form of this invention is thrown in. It is a flowchart of an agitation motor control specification after the organic waste which shows the form of this invention is thrown in, a fermenter temperature control value control specification, and the input stand-by warning display specification at the time of a fermentation / decomposition acceleration operation. It is explanatory drawing of the display position at the time of displaying an input standby warning since the input organic waste is in the fermentation / decomposition promotion operation, showing the embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship of the transmitter and receiver linked | linked with the input standby warning display for the organic waste thrown in during fermentation / decomposition acceleration | stimulation driving | operation which shows the form of this invention. It is a figure which shows the conventional organic waste processing apparatus. It is a stirring motor abnormality detection flowchart of the conventional organic waste processing apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fermenter, 6 ... Partition plate, 7 ... Base material which cultured aerobic microorganism, 8 ... Stirring shaft, 9 ... Stirring rod, 10 ... Stocker, 11 ... Loading port, 12 ... Stirring motor, 13 ... Display lamp, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 ... Organic waste processing apparatus, 15 ... Discharge port, 16 ... Discharge passage, 17 ... Input door, 21 ... Heat exchanger, 22 ... Blower fan motor, 23 ... Cooling fan 24 ... Circulation fan motor, 25 ... Blower motor, 26 ... deodorization tank, 27 ... neutralization tank.

Claims (6)

  A substrate containing aerobic microorganisms cultivated, a fermenter for containing organic waste containing water and fermenting and decomposing organic waste, and input for introducing organic waste into the fermenter Organic waste treatment equipment equipped with a mouth, a substrate on which aerobic microorganisms in the fermenter are cultured, and an agitation motor for agitation of organic waste. An organic waste treatment apparatus having a function capable of detecting a time zone during which a current of a stirring motor increases during a process (fermentation / decomposition).   2. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heating element is attached to the outer periphery of the fermenter and is always heated in order to promote fermentation of organic waste containing water.   3. The organic waste processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the current of the stirring motor starts to increase during the processing of the organic waste, the operation time of the stirring motor is controlled.   3. The temperature management value of a heater that heats the fermenter or the temperature management value in the fermenter is controlled when the current of the agitation motor starts to increase during the treatment of organic waste. Organic waste treatment equipment.   By detecting the current fluctuation of the stirring motor, a beeping sound or lamp display indicates that the operation time of the stirring motor, the temperature control value of the heater heating the fermenter, or the temperature control value in the fermenter is being controlled. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: 6. The organic waste treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a display lamp is attached near the inlet.

Images