JP2005123552A - Photovoltaic generation unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a photovoltaic generation unit which is lightweight, safely carried and handled, and can easily generate and charge necessary electric power in any place in a short time and supply output electric power matching the purpose of use. <P>SOLUTION: The photovoltaic generation unit is constituted by locking and coordinating a solar battery module constituted by connecting the necessary number of solar cells in series or in parallel sandwiching them between two transparent plate materials; bonding them in one body with a transparent adhesive in a casing comprising a frame body which is rectangular having a necessary area and a depth and also has a lock edge extended inside an upper-end opening and a bottom-lid fixation edge extended inside a lower-end opening; locking and coordinating a heat insulating plate material or a heat radiating plate material below it; and further connecting a constant-current charging circuit and many flat electric double-layered capacitors in series connecting and coordinating parallel monitors to the respective electric double-layered capacitors in parallel on one side in a lower casing 1, and coordinating an electric converting circuit on the other side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation unit capable of charging electric power generated by a solar cell module to a large amount of electric power in a short time and producing an output that is suitable for the purpose of use at a required time and place.

  Power generation using solar energy is considered to be an extremely effective means of acquiring energy in terms of resource saving, energy saving, and environmental conservation, and solar cells have been studied in Japan for a long time. Combined with the development of excellent solar cells and the measures for the positive use of solar power generation, it is being adopted for household power and industrial power.

  By the way, in the current solar power generation using a solar cell module, the amount of power generation is determined according to the amount of received light energy of the sunlight. Although the amount of power generation differs significantly depending on the solar power generation, and solar power generation is performed exclusively during sunshine hours, sufficient power is required when the power is used for industrial power or for industrial or home lighting. Therefore, it is essential to attach power storage means in the solar power generation.

Thus, the current storage means used for solar power generation is exclusively a lead storage battery, and the lead storage battery is charged by an electrochemical reaction, so it requires a very long charging time. In order to fully charge for power use, a large-capacity lead-acid battery is required, which is extremely large and multiple, and has a problem that deterioration due to repeated charge and discharge is severe and long-term use becomes impossible. ing.
In addition, since solar power generation is generated by sunshine hours, there is little substantial power generation. Therefore, if solar cell modules are installed over a large area and a large amount of power is not generated, Further, there are inherent problems such as not being charged with electric power that can be used for practical use.

As a means for solving such problems of the electric storage means, when a conductor (electrode) is immersed in an electrolytic solution, a thin film of approximately one molecule is formed as an electrically insulating layer at the interface of the electrolytic solution as a so-called electric double layer. Based on the phenomenon that electric charges are stored in the electric double layer, an electric double layer capacitor is formed by the porous material and the electrolytic solution, and the electric double layer capacitor is used as a power storage means in solar power generation. This makes it possible to use the electric double-layer capacitor for photovoltaic power generation because it is extremely small and light, can be used for a long time, has high charge / discharge efficiency and high charge / discharge efficiency, and can be charged / discharged even at low temperatures. There are attempts to use it.
JP 5-292683 JP-A-7-177683 JP2001-218387

  Thus, by adopting such an electric double layer capacitor as a power storage means, it is possible to improve the problems of conventional lead storage batteries, but in photovoltaic power generation, thin and fragile semiconductor crystals made of silicon or the like as solar cells. Since a large number of plates or amorphous plates are arranged in the light receiving direction and used as a solar cell module, the solar cell module may be damaged by wind pressure or impact from flying objects, or water leakage due to rain water or snow may occur. It is necessary to fix and store a light receiving storage shelf that has a strong glass plate on its outer surface and has a sufficient arrangement space with excellent water resistance and weather resistance so that it can still be installed. A large amount of initial investment is required, and in addition, when electric double layer capacitors are used, the surrounding temperature must be avoided. This measures for properties on the charging function of the impaired are also requested.

  As described above, by adopting the electric double layer capacitor, it is expected that the charging / discharging function is remarkably improved in the photovoltaic power generation, but the light receiving storage shelf or the like is only used for the photovoltaic power generation in the conventional fixed installation. Not only can the installation cost be reduced, but the advantages of excellent charge / discharge characteristics and small size and light weight cannot be effectively utilized.

  On the other hand, disasters due to earthquakes and typhoons have increased remarkably in recent years, and communication and lighting methods have become impossible due to the disruption of power supply due to such disasters, causing serious obstacles to disaster prevention and rescue activities. When using electricity for surveying surveys and small constructions in places where there is no power supply, such as in mountainous areas, it is necessary to carry in multiple internal combustion generators, and so much effort is required. Due to the increase in life and expansion of mobile communication, it is becoming important to secure a power source for these lighting and communication means in any place.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell unit that is lightweight, can be safely carried, can be charged at any place in a short time, and can supply output power according to the purpose of use.

  The technical means used by the present invention in order to solve the above-described problems include a frame body in which a locking edge and an bottom cover fixing edge are formed on the inner side of the upper end opening, and a bottom cover fixing edge on the inner side of the lower end opening. A required number of solar cells are arranged in a casing consisting of two light-transmitting plates in a casing consisting of a fixed bottom lid, and are connected in series or in parallel, and then bonded together with a light-transmitting adhesive. The solar cell module is locked and coordinated to the locking edge to protect the solar cell module from external impacts and prevent leakage due to the ingress of rainwater and moisture. In this case, by arranging a heat insulating plate or heat radiating plate, the temperature rise associated with the light reception of the solar cell module is cut off or dissipated, and the electric double layer capacitor arranged below the heat insulating plate or heat radiating plate is raised. Destruction of charging function due to temperature Insulation plate or heat dissipation with a predetermined current through a constant current charging circuit in which the electric power generated by the solar cell module is arranged on one side of the casing below the heat insulation plate or heat dissipation plate In order to charge equally to each of the electric double layer capacitors connected in series, this is inputted to a flat electric double layer capacitor connected and arranged in series at the center of the lower side of the plate material. A parallel monitor is connected in parallel to each of the electric double layer capacitors. And in order to output the charging power charged in this electric double layer capacitor with a required stable DC constant voltage, it is characterized in that it is output through a power conversion circuit arranged on the other side in the casing. .

  Furthermore, in order to output the charged power in accordance with a wide range of output loads, a solar cell module is arranged in the casing, and a heat insulating plate or heat radiating plate is arranged below the casing. A constant current charging circuit and an electric double layer capacitor are housed on the side to form a power generator charger, and the charging power output from this power generator charger is appropriately accommodated in at least two different output loads. It is characterized by comprising a conversion output device in which a plurality of power conversion circuits each converting and outputting at a constant voltage are arranged.

  In the present invention, as described above, a large number of thin and brittle solar cells are sandwiched between two light-transmitting plate materials and connected in series or connected together with a light-transmitting adhesive to form a solar cell module. In addition, since it is locked and coordinated at the upper edge of the opening at the upper end of the casing, it can prevent damage to solar cells even when external impacts due to frequent carrying and transportation are applied, as well as intrusion of rainwater and moisture Is prevented, and stable power generation can be achieved over a long period of time, and a heat insulating plate or heat radiating plate is arranged below the solar cell module, and an electric double layer capacitor is arranged below the plate. Therefore, even if the solar cell module is heated for a long time or due to intense sunlight reception, the increased temperature of the electric double layer capacitor is prevented by blocking or dissipating the increased heat. Double layer charging and discharging capabilities of capacitor is to be stably exhibited.

  Furthermore, since the electric power generated by the solar cell module is controlled to a predetermined current by the constant current charging circuit and input to the electric double layer capacitor, the electric double layer capacitor is prevented from being damaged due to the addition of excess current, and a large number of electric Since multi-layer capacitors are connected in series, and parallel monitors are connected in parallel to each electric double layer capacitor, current flows equally into each electric double layer capacitor. Charging power is charged in a short time. This charging power is output at a predetermined DC constant voltage by the power conversion circuit, so that stable power is supplied in accordance with the load used.

  The solar cell module that is locked to the opening at the upper end of the casing is sandwiched between two translucent plates with the required number of solar cells of the required area and connected in series or in parallel, and integrated with translucent adhesive The heat insulating plate or heat radiating plate is arranged under the solar cell module, and the electric power generated by the solar cell module is controlled under the constant current charging circuit and the constant current charging circuit. An electric double layer capacitor in which a number of flat electric double layer capacitors are connected in series with each other and a parallel monitor is connected in parallel to each electric double layer capacitor, and a charge charged by the electric double layer capacitor A configuration in which a power / power conversion circuit for outputting power with a predetermined DC constant voltage is arranged in a casing.

  The embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional internal view of the present invention, and the casing 1 has a rectangular shape having a required area and depth, and its upper end opening. 10A has a locking edge 11A extending toward the inside with a required width, and a bottom lid fixing edge 13A extending and engaging the bottom lid 1B toward the inside at the lower end opening 12A. The frame body 1A is formed, and the bottom cover 1B having an area and shape that is engaged with and fixed to the bottom cover fixing edge 13A of the frame body 1A by an appropriate locking screw 14A or the like. .

  As a material of the casing 1 in such a case, an aluminum plate material is preferable because a material that is lightweight and strong, and excellent in weather resistance and water resistance is desirable. It can also be used after molding a resin material. Further, since the casing 1 can be carried freely, a small and compact one is desired. Therefore, the width is about 30 to 60 cm, the length is about 50 to 100 cm, and the thickness is about 3 to 9 cm. There are no particular restrictions on the overall shape being rectangular, and the solar cell module 2 is usually formed in a rectangular shape.

  In the casing 1 thus formed, the solar cell module 2 is latched and arranged on the latching edge 11A formed in the upper end opening 10A. As shown in FIG. 2, this solar cell module 2 has a required number of solar cells 2A arranged and connected in series or in parallel in a connection 2B, and two solar cells 2A arranged and connected in this connection 2B. The solar cells 2A are sandwiched between the light-transmitting plates 2C and 2C and integrally formed with the light-transmitting adhesive 2D. The solar battery cell 2A is made of silicon so-called silicon crystal or gallium arsenide, or amorphous ( A material made of a non-crystalline semiconductor plate is used.

And since the light-transmitting plates 2C and 2C are excellent in light-transmitting properties and weather resistance, water resistance and toughness are desired, glass plates are generally used, but from the standpoint of weight reduction, transparent acrylic resin plates It is preferable to use a polycarbonate resin plate.
In addition, as the translucent adhesive 2D for sandwiching the solar cells 2A between the two translucent plates 2C and 2C and bonding them together, the translucent plates 2C and 2C and the solar cells 2A under anaerobic conditions It is convenient to use an anaerobic acrylic resin adhesive because it is necessary to bond the substrate firmly and in a sealed state.

Thus, below the solar cell module 2 locked and arranged in the casing 1, when the solar cell module 2 generates power by receiving sunlight, the light is received for a long time. The heat insulating plate 3 or the heat radiating plate (not shown) is arranged so that the temperature associated with the temperature rise of the solar cell module 2 is not added to the electric double layer capacitor 5 arranged for charging.
Since the heat insulating plate 3 or the heat radiating plate is for insulating or blocking heat dissipation due to the temperature rise of the solar cell module 2, the heat insulating plate 3 is made of polyurethane, polyester, polycarbonate, ABS resin, or the like. A synthetic resin material is desirable, and from the standpoint of sufficient toughness and high heat insulation effect due to the material, a hard plate material by independent low foaming is suitable, and there is no particular restriction on the thickness, but in normal cases About 2 to 5 mm is used. On the other hand, when using a heat radiating plate material, an aluminum plate material is suitable because it is excellent in thermal conductivity, strong and lightweight, and a thickness of about 1 to 3 mm is sufficient, and further heat dissipation is achieved. From the viewpoint of enhancement, it is proposed to perform corrugation or embossing.

A constant current charging circuit 4 is arranged on one side of the casing 1 below the heat insulating plate or heat radiating plate.
In the constant current charging circuit 4, when a large number of electric double layer capacitors 5 are connected in series to charge a large amount of charging power as in the present invention, the charge voltage increases as the charge amount increases as a characteristic of the electric double layer capacitor 5. Rises exponentially and easily exceeds the withstand voltage, causing a risk of the electric double layer capacitor 5 being damaged. That is, when the electric double layer capacitor voltage EV, the electric double layer capacitance CF, and the charged energy WJ are established, the relationship of WJ = 0.5 CF · EV ² is established between the charged energy and voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 5. .

Therefore, it is desirable to detect the terminal voltage of a large number of connected electric double layer capacitors 5 and input the electric double layer capacitor 5 to the electric double layer capacitor 5 with a constant current equal to or less than the maximum charging current. .
For this reason, many electric circuits are proposed as the constant current charging circuit 4. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, a voltage converting means such as a converter 4A is provided, and a voltage detecting circuit 4B is additionally provided. switch the reference voltage V _1, as compared with the V ₂ detects the terminal voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 5 the terminal voltage is detected whether the voltage or not proper charge level, in the case of an appropriate level to cut off the switches S ₁ Charging is performed until the electric double layer capacitor 5 is fully charged by controlling S ₂ to be in an energized state and setting the reference voltages V ₁ and V ₂ to a full charge level.

  Thus, the generated electric power controlled to a predetermined current by the constant current charging circuit 4 is charged to the electric double layer capacitor 5 which is connected in series at the center of the casing 1 below the heat insulating plate 3 or the heat radiating plate. The electric double layer capacitor 5 itself is not required to be special. However, since the present invention carries power to a necessary place to generate electric power, a lightweight and thin capacitor is desirable, and therefore the electric double layer capacitor 5 to be used is A flat one is used.

The important thing is that when a large number of electric double layer capacitors 5 are connected in series, the charging currents flowing into the respective electric double layer capacitors 5 are equal, so that the charging voltage also varies greatly due to variations in capacitor capacity. Will result.
For this reason, a parallel monitor 5A is connected in parallel with the electric double layer capacitor 5. When the electric double layer capacitor 5 reaches the rated voltage, the parallel monitor 5A closes the bypass circuit of the charging current and the electric double layer Control is performed so that the capacitor 5 is not charged any more, so that all the electric double layer capacitors 5 connected in series are charged to the rated voltage.
Various electronic circuits are also proposed as the parallel monitor 5A, and specific examples include a monolithic circuit incorporating a reverse charge prevention diode.

The electric power charged in the electric double layer capacitor 5 thus formed is output with a predetermined voltage in accordance with the output load. Therefore, the electric double layer capacitor 5 is arranged in the casing 1 as shown in FIG. The power conversion circuit 6 is arranged on the other side.
That is, the output voltage from the electric double layer capacitor 5 is remarkably varied and the voltage is lowered by outputting the charging power charged by the electric double layer capacitor 5 so as to discharge. For this purpose, the power conversion circuit 6 is required in order to achieve a stable output of voltage and current suitable for the output load.

Various circuits are proposed as the power conversion circuit 6. However, as a simple circuit, it is extremely advantageous to employ a DC-DC converter 6A that is set to output at the voltage of the output load.
The output power converted into voltage and current suitable for the output load by the power conversion circuit 6 is connected to an output terminal 7 provided at an appropriate position of the casing 1, and these are sealed and accommodated in the casing 1. The present invention as shown in FIG. 5 is formed.

  Since the present invention has such a configuration, it is lightweight and can be safely carried, and can be charged in a large capacity at any place in a short time and can be used according to the output load. Electricity for various output loads such as lighting for typhoons and power for communications, power for various surveying survey equipment, power for power tools, etc., power for outdoor life, power for vehicles or power for mobile communications What can be supplied is more convenient. Specifically, the output is 12V DC for lighting and power tools, 9V DC for radio and communication devices, and 5V output for charging for mobile phones. Is required.

  Therefore, as a means for dealing with various output loads in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, a generator charger 8 that can charge a large amount of generated power by receiving sunlight, and a generator charger 8 that charges a large capacity. There is proposed a configuration comprising a conversion output unit 9 having a built-in power conversion circuit capable of outputting the charged power with a DC constant voltage suitable for at least two different output loads.

  In other words, the generator charger 8 in this case has the solar cell module 2 locked and arranged in the opening 10A of the casing 1, and the heat insulating plate 3 or the heat radiating plate is arranged below the solar cell module 2. A constant current charging circuit 4 is arranged on one side of the lower casing 1 of the plate member 3 or the heat radiating plate member, and in order to charge the generated power controlled to a predetermined current by the constant current charging circuit 4, a large number A flat electric double layer capacitor 5 connected in series is arranged, and is constituted by an output terminal for outputting this charging power.

  On the other hand, the conversion output unit 9 receives the electric power generated and charged by the power generation charger 8 from a charging power input terminal 9B provided at an appropriate position of an appropriate storage body 9A as shown in FIG. The charging power input terminal 9B is arranged by being connected to branch power conversion circuits 9C, 9C, 9C... That can output at least two or more DC constant voltages suitable for output loads. And a conversion output terminal 9D, 9D, 9D... Is provided on an appropriate side surface of the housing 9A so that a DC constant voltage converted so as to be suitable for the output load can be used.

  By increasing the amount of power generated by the solar cell module 2 and increasing the amount of charging power by connecting multiple electric double layer capacitors 5 in series, it is easy to supply not only lighting and communication equipment power but also industrial power over time. Can be made.

  It is sectional internal structure explanatory drawing of this invention.   It is explanatory drawing of a solar cell module.   It is a circuit diagram of a constant current charging circuit.   It is a coordination diagram of a power converter circuit.   It is a sketch of this invention.   It is a sketch of a generator charger and a conversion output device.   It is internal explanatory drawing of a conversion output device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 1A Frame 1B Bottom cover 10A Upper end opening part 11A Locking edge 12A Bottom end opening part 13A Bottom cover solid edge 14A Locking screw 2 Solar cell module 2A Solar cell 2B Connection 2C Translucent plate material 2D Translucent adhesive 3 Thermal insulation plate material 4 Constant current charging circuit 4A Converter 4B Voltage detection circuit 5 Electric double layer capacitor 5A Parallel monitor 6 Power conversion circuit 6A DC-DC converter 7 Output terminal 8 Generator charger 9 Conversion output device 9A Storage body 9B Charging power input terminal 9C Branch power conversion circuit 9D conversion output terminal

Claims (3)

  A rectangular shape with a required area and depth, with a locking edge having an appropriate width inside the upper end opening, and a frame with a bottom cover fixing edge extending with an appropriate width inside the lower end opening, and fixing the bottom cover A required number of solar cells of a required area are arranged inside a casing composed of a bottom lid engaged and fixed to the edge, sandwiched between two light-transmitting plate materials in an area that can be locked to the locking edge, and Each solar cell is connected in series or in parallel, and a solar cell module that is integrally bonded to the translucent plate material by a translucent adhesive is engaged and coordinated, and the lower side of the solar cell module In addition, a heat insulating plate material is arranged, and a constant current charging circuit for charging the electric double layer capacitor with electric power generated by the solar cell module with a predetermined current and a series under the heat insulating plate material. A plurality of flat electrical double layer capacities connected to And an electric double layer capacitor in which a parallel monitor is connected in parallel to each of the plurality of flat electric double layer capacitors connected in series, and the electric power charged in the electric double layer capacitor is converted to a predetermined DC constant voltage. A photovoltaic power generation unit comprising a configuration in which a power conversion circuit for output is arranged, and an output from the power conversion circuit is connected to an output terminal provided at an appropriate position of the casing.   The solar power generation unit according to claim 1, wherein a heat radiating plate made of an aluminum plate is arranged below the solar cell module arranged in the casing.   A solar cell module, a heat insulating plate material or a heat radiating plate material, a constant current charging circuit, and an electric double layer capacitor are respectively arranged in the casing, and the charging power is output from a charging power output terminal provided at an appropriate position of the casing. A charging power input terminal for inputting charging power from the power generation charger is provided on one side of the configured power generation charger and a container that can be sealed with an appropriate shape and volume. The power conversion circuit for converting and outputting the charging power to be converted into DC constant voltage power suitable for at least two or more different output loads is arranged, and the DC constant voltage power to be converted and output is The solar power generator according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a conversion output device configured to be connected to a plurality of DC constant voltage output terminals provided on the other side surface of the storage body. Unit.

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