JP2005121218A - Method of circulating oil, and oil circuit for carrying out the same - Google Patents

Method of circulating oil, and oil circuit for carrying out the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005121218A
JP2005121218A JP2004272046A JP2004272046A JP2005121218A JP 2005121218 A JP2005121218 A JP 2005121218A JP 2004272046 A JP2004272046 A JP 2004272046A JP 2004272046 A JP2004272046 A JP 2004272046A JP 2005121218 A JP2005121218 A JP 2005121218A
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oil
storage means
oil circuit
transmission
viscosity
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JP2004272046A
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Japanese (ja)
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Uwe Griesmeier
ウーベ、グリースマイアー
Roland Altvater
ローラント、アルトファテル
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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Publication of JP2005121218A publication Critical patent/JP2005121218A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0406—Absorption elements for lubricants, e.g. oil felts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
    • F01M5/005—Controlling temperature of lubricant

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To quickly warm up the oil circulating inside an oil circuit of a transmission for an automobile when cold-starting. <P>SOLUTION: When temperature of the oil is low and viscosity thereof is high, a part of the oil is made to stay inside a fixed porous storage means, and when temperature gradually rises and viscosity is lowered, the oil is taken out of the storage means to join with the circulating oil. The storage means is structured of a foaming body, for an example, and arranged inside an oil pan 1 or the like of the oil circuit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、請求項１のおいて書き部分に記載された油量を循環させるための方法および請求項２のおいて書き部分に記載された変速機の油回路に関する。   The invention relates to a method for circulating the amount of oil described in the writing part of claim 1 and to an oil circuit of a transmission described in the writing part of claim 2.

例えば自動車変速機の油回路内を循環する油は温度に起因して異なる粘性（粘度）を有し、高い粘度は温度が低いとき変速機内の摩擦を高め、移送ポンプの動力を高め、ウォームアップ段階中に自動車の駆動効率を低下させる。それゆえに、ウォームアップ段階を短縮しかつ好ましい効率を一層迅速に達成するために、油回路中を循環する油を一層迅速に加温することが既に提案されている。   For example, oil circulating in the oil circuit of an automobile transmission has different viscosity (viscosity) due to temperature, and high viscosity increases friction in the transmission when the temperature is low, increases the power of the transfer pump, and warms up Reduce the driving efficiency of the car during the stage. Therefore, it has already been proposed to warm the oil circulating in the oil circuit more quickly in order to shorten the warm-up phase and to achieve the desired efficiency more quickly.

本出願人の特許文献１では、自動車変速機の潤滑油回路中に配置される油パンを２つの室に画成し、ウォームアップ段階中はまず一方の室からのみ油を取り出し、こうして一層迅速な加温を目的に部分量のみを潤滑油回路中に循環させることが提案された。還流する加温された油がその熱の一部を、第２室に引き留められた油に放出し、この油は次に接続部を介して第１室の油に逐次混加される。この解決は確かに比較的迅速な油加温をもたらすのではあるが、しかしながら油のウォームアップ段階を改善しかつさらに短縮するための可能性をなお有する。
独国特許出願公開第１９９１２３２７号明細書 In the Applicant's patent document 1, an oil pan disposed in a lubricating oil circuit of an automobile transmission is defined in two chambers, and during the warm-up phase, oil is first taken out from only one chamber and thus more quickly. It has been proposed to circulate only a partial amount in the lubricating oil circuit for the purpose of proper heating. The heated oil flowing back releases part of its heat into the oil retained in the second chamber, which is then sequentially added to the oil in the first chamber via the connection. While this solution does indeed result in a relatively quick oil warming, it still has the potential to improve and further shorten the oil warm-up phase.
German Patent Application Publication No. 19912327

本発明の課題は、冒頭に指摘した種類の方法をそのウォームアップ時間に関して短縮し改善することである。本発明の課題はさらに、油の迅速な加温を可能としかつ簡単に製造可能である冒頭に指摘した種類の油回路を提供することである。   The object of the present invention is to shorten and improve the method of the kind indicated at the beginning with regard to its warm-up time. It is a further object of the present invention to provide an oil circuit of the kind pointed out at the outset, which enables rapid warming of the oil and which can be easily manufactured.

この課題は、請求項１、２の特徴によって解決される。請求項１によれば、粘度の高い低温油を多孔質貯蔵手段内に引き留め、加温が進みかつ粘度が低下すると貯蔵手段から取り出し、循環する油量に混加することが提案される。これによりまず、例えばエンジンのコールドスタート後、僅かな油量が循環し、比較的迅速に加温され、還流時にその熱を、貯蔵手段内に引き留められた半流動性油に直接放出する。請求項２によれば、特に本発明に係る方法を実施するのに適した自動車変速機の油回路が提案される。本発明によれば、油回路中の任意の個所に、しかし主に変速機ケースおよび／または油パンの表面または内部に、多孔質貯蔵手段が配置されている。本発明に係る貯蔵手段でもって、油が十分に加温されるまで、任意割合の低温油が循環から遠ざけられる利点が得られる。貯蔵手段の配置に関して支出を要する設計措置が必要でなく、弁、隔壁または滴板も必要でない。多孔質貯蔵配合物は任意の形状で、例えば油パンの底または横に配置され、こうして油に対して温度に起因したその一時的貯蔵・引留め機能を既に果たす。孔の寸法は、貯蔵手段が「濃厚」油を問題なく受容し、「希薄な」、すなわち比較的温かい油がさしたる抵抗もなしに貯蔵手段から放出できるように選択されている。これにより全体として油が迅速に加温され、変速機効率が高まる利点が達成される。   This problem is solved by the features of claims 1 and 2. According to the first aspect, it is proposed that low-temperature oil having a high viscosity is retained in the porous storage means, taken out from the storage means when the heating proceeds and the viscosity decreases, and mixed with the amount of oil circulating. Thereby, for example, after a cold start of the engine, for example, a small amount of oil circulates and is heated relatively quickly, and at the time of reflux, the heat is directly released to the semi-fluid oil retained in the storage means. According to claim 2, an oil circuit for a motor vehicle transmission is proposed which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention. According to the invention, the porous storage means are arranged at any point in the oil circuit, but mainly on or in the surface of the transmission case and / or the oil pan. With the storage means according to the invention, the advantage is obtained that any proportion of low temperature oil is kept away from circulation until the oil is sufficiently warmed. No costly design measures are required for the arrangement of the storage means and no valves, septa or drop plates are required. The porous storage formulation is arranged in any shape, for example at the bottom or side of the oil pan, thus already serving its temporary storage and retention function due to temperature on the oil. The pore size is selected so that the storage means accepts “thick” oil without problems and can be released from the storage means without the resistance of “dilute” or relatively warm oil. This achieves the advantage that the oil is quickly warmed as a whole and the transmission efficiency is increased.

本発明の有利な諸構成は従属請求項から明らかとなる。それによれば、貯蔵手段は、相応する多孔度または吸収性を有する多種多様な材料、例えば金属発泡体または金属編組（メッシュワーク）、フェルト状材料、セラミックまたはプラスチック配合物またはプラスチック編組から製造することができる。有利には貯蔵手段が高い空隙率を有し、これにより、組込み体積が僅か、すなわち付加的空間需要が僅かである利点が得られる。   Advantageous configurations of the invention emerge from the dependent claims. According to it, the storage means are manufactured from a wide variety of materials with corresponding porosity or absorbency, such as metal foam or metal braid (meshwork), felt-like material, ceramic or plastic compound or plastic braid. Can do. Advantageously, the storage means have a high porosity, which gives the advantage of a small built-in volume, i.e. a small additional space demand.

本発明の他の有利な構成において、貯蔵手段は付加的機能、つまり油フィルタ、断熱および固体伝搬音減衰の機能を引き受けることができる。後者は特に、油パンが、および／または変速機ケースの一部が、貯蔵手段でライニングされることによって達成することができる。それとともにウォームアップ段階中の熱損失と音放射は減らすことができる。   In another advantageous configuration of the invention, the storage means can take on additional functions, namely oil filters, thermal insulation and solid sound attenuation. The latter can in particular be achieved by the oil pan and / or part of the transmission case being lined with storage means. With it, heat loss and sound radiation during the warm-up phase can be reduced.

本発明の１実施例が図面に示してあり、以下で詳しく説明される。   One embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described in detail below.

（単一の）図は、自動車変速機の完全には図示しない油回路の例示的構成要素として還流油用油パン１もしくは貯蔵容器を示す。図示しない変速機は作動油および潤滑油用油回路を備えた自動変速機とすることができる。油パン１内で油は油面１ａの高さにまである。油パン１は底１ｂと底１ｂに配置される油出口２とを有し、油出口を介して油は油パン１から吸引され、ポンプ３を介して、示唆しただけの油回路４内に移送される。図示しない油回路全体を貫流後、油は還流領域５を介して変速機に沿って再び油パン１に戻る。油パン１内にある、油面１ａで上側を限定された油容積の内部に、多孔質貯蔵手段６、例えば金属発泡体からなる固体物体が配置されており、これは高い空隙率を有し、従って油を受容して貯蔵することができる。貯蔵手段６がここでは例示的にほぼ直方体状ブロックとして構成されており、２つの脚部７、８を介して油容器１の底１ｂで支えられている。従って貯蔵手段６は底１ｂに載置されているのでなく、すべての側で、つまりその下面でも貫流させることができる。貯蔵手段６の別の配置、例えば貯蔵手段の１層で内側から油パン１をライニングすることが、同様に考えられよう。こうして同時に油パン１の断熱が達成され、音放射が防止されよう。   The (single) diagram shows a reflux oil pan 1 or storage container as an exemplary component of an oil circuit (not shown) of a motor vehicle transmission. The transmission (not shown) can be an automatic transmission provided with hydraulic oil and lubricating oil circuits. In the oil pan 1, the oil is up to the height of the oil surface 1a. The oil pan 1 has a bottom 1b and an oil outlet 2 arranged at the bottom 1b, through which the oil is sucked from the oil pan 1 and via the pump 3 into the oil circuit 4 just indicated. Be transported. After flowing through the entire oil circuit (not shown), the oil returns to the oil pan 1 again along the transmission via the reflux region 5. Inside the oil pan 1, inside the oil volume limited on the upper side by the oil surface 1a, a porous storage means 6, for example a solid object made of metal foam, is arranged, which has a high porosity. Therefore, the oil can be received and stored. Here, the storage means 6 is exemplarily configured as a substantially rectangular parallelepiped block, and is supported by the bottom 1 b of the oil container 1 via two legs 7 and 8. Therefore, the storage means 6 is not mounted on the bottom 1b but can flow through all sides, that is, also on the lower surface thereof. It would likewise be conceivable to line the oil pan 1 from the inside with another arrangement of the storage means 6, for example one layer of the storage means. At the same time, insulation of the oil pan 1 will be achieved and sound radiation will be prevented.

貯蔵手段６の機能は以下のとおりである。自動車内燃エンジンのコールドスタート時、油パン１内には低温の、すなわち半流動性の油がある。全体として循環されるべき油量の部分量は貯蔵手段６内に、すなわちその孔内に蓄えられている。それゆえにポンプ３はまず貯蔵手段６の外側にある油、すなわち部分量のみを油回路４内に移送し、油回路から部分量は高められた温度で還流領域５を介して油容器１に再び供給される。こうして油パン１内にある油が加温され、油はその熱を熱伝導と対流とによって、貯蔵手段６内にある油にも放出し、こうして油が希液化され、こうして油は貯蔵手段６から流出し、ポンプ３によって循環する油流内に達する。こうして、貯蔵手段６内に引き留められた油がますます油回路内に逐次混合され加温される。その都度循環する、すなわち変速機内も循環する油が一層迅速にその動作温度に達し、変速機は一層早く高効率で働く。   The function of the storage means 6 is as follows. When the automobile internal combustion engine is cold started, the oil pan 1 contains low-temperature, that is, semi-fluid oil. A part of the amount of oil to be circulated as a whole is stored in the storage means 6, i.e. in its bore. Therefore, the pump 3 first transfers only the oil outside the storage means 6, i.e. a partial quantity, into the oil circuit 4, and the partial quantity from the oil circuit is returned again to the oil container 1 via the reflux region 5 at an elevated temperature. Supplied. In this way, the oil in the oil pan 1 is heated, and the oil also releases its heat to the oil in the storage means 6 by heat conduction and convection, so that the oil is diluted and thus the oil is stored in the storage means 6. The oil flows out of the oil and reaches the oil stream circulated by the pump 3. In this way, the oil retained in the storage means 6 is increasingly mixed and heated in the oil circuit. The oil that circulates each time, i.e., also circulates in the transmission, reaches its operating temperature more quickly, and the transmission works faster and more efficiently.

貯蔵手段６は周囲に流すだけでなく、一部は貫流させもし、これにより同時に油フィルタ作用が得られ、すなわち油によって一緒に運ばれた汚れ粒子が貯蔵手段６の孔内に引き留められる。   The storage means 6 not only flows around but also partly flows, so that at the same time an oil filter action is obtained, i.e. the dirt particles carried together by the oil are retained in the holes of the storage means 6.

油回路の要部を概略的に示す図。The figure which shows the principal part of an oil circuit schematically.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 油パン
１ａ 油面
１ｂ 底
２ 油出口
３ ポンプ
４ 油回路
５ 油還流
６ 貯蔵手段
７ 脚部
８ 脚部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Oil pan 1a Oil surface 1b Bottom 2 Oil outlet 3 Pump 4 Oil circuit 5 Oil reflux 6 Storage means 7 Leg 8 Leg

Claims (11)

自動車変速機の油回路内で油量を循環させるための方法において、油量の一部が、低い温度と高い粘性のとき固定式多孔質貯蔵手段内に引き留められ、加温が進みかつ粘度が低下すると貯蔵手段から取り出され、循環する油量によって連行されることを特徴とする方法。   In the method for circulating the oil amount in the oil circuit of the automobile transmission, a part of the oil amount is retained in the fixed porous storage means when the temperature is low and the viscosity is high, the heating proceeds and the viscosity is increased. A method characterized by being taken out of the storage means when lowered and entrained by the amount of circulating oil. 特に請求項１記載の方法を実施するための自動車変速機の油回路であって、変速機ケースと油管路（２、４、５）と移送ポンプ（３）と油パン（１）とを備えたものにおいて、油回路中、特に変速機ケース内および／または油パン（１）内に、油部分量を受容するための多孔質貯蔵手段（６）が配置されていることを特徴とする油回路。   An oil circuit for an automobile transmission, particularly for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising a transmission case, an oil line (2, 4, 5), a transfer pump (3) and an oil pan (1). In particular, the oil is characterized in that the porous storage means (6) for receiving the oil portion is arranged in the oil circuit, in particular in the transmission case and / or in the oil pan (1). circuit. 貯蔵手段（６）が金属発泡体または金属編組であることを特徴とする、請求項２記載の油回路。   Oil circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the storage means (6) is a metal foam or a metal braid. 貯蔵手段（６）がフェルト状吸収性材料からなることを特徴とする、請求項２記載の油回路。   Oil circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the storage means (6) consists of a felt-like absorbent material. 貯蔵手段（６）がセラミック材料またはプラスチック材料からなることを特徴とする、請求項２記載の油回路。   Oil circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the storage means (6) consists of a ceramic material or a plastic material. 貯蔵手段（６）が高い、好ましくは８０％の、空隙率を有することを特徴とする、請求項２、３または４記載の油回路。   Oil circuit according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the storage means (6) has a high porosity, preferably 80%. 貯蔵手段（６）の多孔度が油の粘度に適合されていることを特徴とする、請求項２〜５のいずれか１項記載の油回路。   Oil circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the porosity of the storage means (6) is adapted to the viscosity of the oil. 貯蔵手段（６）が周囲および内部に貫流させることのできる固体物体として油回路中に配置され固着されていることを特徴とする、請求項２〜７のいずれか１項記載の油回路。   8. The oil circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the storage means (6) is arranged and fixed in the oil circuit as a solid body that can flow around and inside. 請求項２〜８のいずれか１項記載の貯蔵手段（６）の、油フィルタとしての使用。   Use of the storage means (6) according to any one of claims 2 to 8 as an oil filter. 請求項２〜８のいずれか１項記載の貯蔵手段（６）の、断熱への使用。   Use of the storage means (6) according to any one of claims 2 to 8 for thermal insulation. 請求項２〜８のいずれか１項記載の貯蔵手段（６）の、変速機ケースおよび／または油パンの固体伝搬音を減衰することへの使用。   Use of the storage means (6) according to any one of claims 2 to 8 for attenuating the transmission sound of the transmission case and / or oil pan.
JP2004272046A 2003-09-17 2004-09-17 Method of circulating oil, and oil circuit for carrying out the same Withdrawn JP2005121218A (en)

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