JP2005103559A - Welding method of full face wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a full face wheel welding method that needs no grinding and that can simplify the manufacturing process. <P>SOLUTION: In this welding method, the welding starting end is welded under starting conditions having a low heat input, and then the front part of regular welding immediately after the starting end is welded under pre-regular welding conditions having a heat input higher than in the starting conditions and lower than in the regular welding conditions. Then, the main weld zone which is nearly over the entire circumference is welded under the regular welding conditions having high heat input. Thereafter, the welding terminating end which is superposed on the welding starting end is welded under pre-crater conditions having a heat input lower than in the regular welding conditions, with the tip end (completing point of welding) of the welding terminating end welded under the crater conditions. As a result, weld beads 21b' are contracted in the lap part where the starting end and the terminating end are overlapped as well as in the front part of the regular welding, thereby nearly uniformizing the dimension of the weld beads 21 over the entire circumference of the weld joint 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a welding method for a two-piece wheel for automobiles formed by welding a wheel rim and a wheel disc. Specifically, the present invention relates to a full face wheel in which an outer end rim flange portion is formed on an outer peripheral portion of a disc. It relates to a welding method.

  2. Description of the Related Art A full face wheel in which a boundary between a wheel rim and a wheel disk is not formed on a wheel outer surface (design surface) is known among automotive two-piece wheels formed by welding a wheel rim and a wheel disk.

  A cross-sectional view of a general steel full-face wheel A is shown in FIG. The full-face wheel A has a wheel rim 1 having an outer bead seat portion 6 formed at the outer end and an outer end rim flange portion 11 at the outer peripheral edge of a disk main plate portion 12 in which a hub hole 16 and a heat radiating hole 14 are formed. The wheel disc 10 is formed. The wheel rim 1 and the wheel disc 10 extend from the outer peripheral side to the entire periphery in a state where the outer edge of the outer bead seat portion 6 of the wheel rim 1 is in contact with the inner surface of the outer end rim flange portion 11. Fillet welding by arc welding is performed and integrally joined (for example, Patent Document 1). Thus, in the full face wheel A, since the weld joint 20 is formed on the back side of the design surface, the entire outer surface of the full face wheel A can be used as the design portion.

  Here, in the conventional welding process in which the wheel rim and the wheel disk are arc-welded, the portion immediately after the welding start point (welding start end portion) and the portion immediately before the welding end point (welding end portion) are overlapped. Thus, a lap portion in which the weld beads 21 overlap in the vertical direction is formed (see FIG. 2). That is, in the welding process, welding is performed along the circumferential direction of the full-face wheel from the welding start point, and after welding over the entire circumference, welding is performed on the weld bead 21a formed at the welding start end portion. Welding is completed after forming the bead 21d in an overlapping manner. By forming such a lap portion, air leakage between the welding start end portion and the welding end portion can be prevented.

  Moreover, in the conventional welding process, it carries out on the welding conditions used as a heat input amount lower than this welding conditions in the welding start end part and the welding end point of the terminal of a welding terminal part. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, in the above welding process, the welding start end is first welded under a welding condition (starting condition) with a low heat input, and then the welding end point under a main welding condition with a high heat input. Welding over the entire circumference until a lap portion is formed at the welding end portion. At the welding end point, the welding process is performed for a short time under welding conditions (crater conditions) with a low heat input at a welding speed of zero in order to prevent the weld metal from rapidly cooling and to secure the weld bead thickness. Exit. Here, the amount of heat input refers to the amount of electrical energy applied per unit welding distance during welding.

JP-A-9-192829

  Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 2, in the lap portion, the weld bead 21 is larger than the main weld portion in order to overlap the weld bead 21d on the weld bead 21a at the welding start end portion. Further, even in the portion immediately after the welding start end portion, the base material 23 is not warmed up, so the penetration into the base material 23 is slightly shallow, and the weld bead 21b is easily raised.

In the welding process of the full-face wheel A, welding is performed over the entire circumference without any gap as described above to prevent air leakage, and the weld bead 21 rises locally, Even if the penetration is slightly shallow, there is no problem in the welding strength between the wheel rim 1 and the wheel disc 10. However, the welded joint portion 20 of the full-face wheel A is located at a portion where the tire on the outer peripheral portion of the automobile wheel is mounted. The shape of the portion is strictly determined by the standard so that the tire fits properly with the rim, and in particular, the outer bead seat portion 6 and the outer end rim flange portion 11 that form the welded joint portion 20. 4 is defined such that the outer peripheral surface (weld surface) 22 has a cross-sectional shape of R6.5 (mm) or less, as shown in FIG. In the conventional welding process, the weld surface 22 of the welded joint portion 20 after welding is mostly satisfied with the standard shape by performing the dent fillet welding. Since the weld bead 21 is large in the portion immediately after the welding start end portion, the welding surface 22 is difficult to satisfy the above-mentioned standard shape, and the work of cutting is required after welding.

  The present invention proposes a welding method for a full-face wheel in which the above-described two weld beads are small and cutting after welding is unnecessary.

  The present invention provides a full face wheel welding method in which arc welding is performed over the entire circumference of a wheel disk having an outer end rim flange portion formed on the outer periphery and a wheel rim having an outer bead seat portion formed on the outer end. The welding start end was welded under a start condition with a low heat input, and the main welding front immediately after the welding start end was welded with a pre-welding precondition that was higher than the start condition and lower than the main welding condition. After that, the main welded part covering almost the entire circumference is welded under the main welding conditions that give a high heat input, and the welding end part that overlaps the welding start end is welded under the pre-crater conditions that give a lower heat input than the main welding conditions. And a welding method for a full-face wheel, wherein the end of the welding end is welded under crater conditions.

  As described above, since the heat input is the amount of electric energy applied to the unit welding distance, generally, the larger the heat input, the more metal is deposited on the base material and the larger the weld bead. That is, in this method, since the part immediately after the welding start end is used as a main welding front part different from the main welding part, welding is performed under the conditions before the main welding, the amount of metal deposited on the main welding front part is reduced, and welding is performed. The rise of the bead can be made smaller than before. Further, even in the welding end portion forming the lap portion where the weld beads overlap, the welding bead is reduced as compared with the prior art because the welding is performed under the pre-crater condition where the heat input is smaller than the main welding condition. Therefore, the welded joint portion formed by the welding method of the present invention can satisfy the standard shape over the entire circumference of the welded surface, so that it is possible to omit cutting of the welded joint portion after welding. .

  Here, the amount of heat input can be adjusted by parameters such as the amount of arc welding current, the amount of voltage, and the welding speed. That is, the level of heat input for each welding condition is determined by the parameter value. However, if the amount of current or voltage is changed during welding, the shape of the weld bead tends to be non-uniform. Therefore, in order to make the weld bead as uniform as possible, the main welding condition It is desirable to make the welding rate faster and lower the heat input than the main welding conditions.

  Here, suitable welding conditions used in the welding method of the present invention vary depending on the material of the wheel, the structure of the welding apparatus, the welding method, and the like, but the start conditions, the main welding conditions, and the crater conditions are the conventional ones. The set value of the welding method can be suitably used. As for the pre-welding precondition and the pre-crater precondition, the approximate heat input can be estimated by comparing the size of the weld bead with the required size of the weld bead, and suitable conditions are easily determined. . The inventors of the present invention have produced a full-face wheel in which the welding surface of the entire circumference satisfies the above-mentioned standard (R6.5 or less) by the welding method of the present invention.

  The gist of the present invention is that the pre-welding condition and the crater pre-condition are a heat input lower than the main welding condition, and the amount of deposited metal is less than the main welding condition. Therefore, the heat input amount can be changed during welding as long as the heat input amount is less than the main welding condition in the pre-welding condition and the crater pre-condition, and this is included in the present invention.

  By using the welding method of the full face wheel of the present invention, the weld bead at the welding start end portion (the main welding front portion) and the weld bead at the lap portion are reduced as compared with the conventional method. And cutting after welding can be omitted. For this reason, an inexpensive full face wheel can be provided by simplifying a manufacturing process and reducing manufacturing cost.

  In addition, in the pre-welding precondition and the pre-crater precondition, if the welding speed is increased from the main welding condition, the amount of heat input can be adjusted easily and smoothly. It is possible to reduce unevenness of the weld bead shape at the change point of the welding condition such as the boundary portion between the welded portion and the welding end portion.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an assembly welding machine 40 for performing the welding method of the present invention. In the assembly welding machine 40, the wheel rim 1 and the wheel disc 10 of the steel full-face wheel A shown in FIG. 1 are arc-welded. The assembly welding machine 40 includes a jig 41 for fixing the wheel disc 10, and a clamp 42 for fixing the wheel rim 1 is disposed above the jig 41. Then, when the molded wheel disc 10 and the wheel rim 1 are attached to the assembly welding machine 40, the center position of the wheel rim 1 and the wheel disc 10 are matched by a positioning mechanism (not shown) and mounted on the upper side. The wheel rim 1 is pressed against the wheel disc 10 by the rotating air cylinder 49 thus made.

  A welding torch 43 for arc welding is provided outside the jig 41. The welding torch 43 is connected to a welding power supply device 51 and receives supply of current, wire, gas, and the like from the welding power supply device 51. The welding torch 43 is fixed to the manipulator 50, and at the time of welding, the tip of the welding torch 43 comes close to the pressure contact portion between the wheel rim 1 and the wheel disk 10, and the pressure contact portion is welded.

  The jig 41 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the rotary motor 44 provided below. The rotation motor 44 is connected to a drive unit 53 provided with a control board, and is supplied with electricity from the drive unit 53 and its rotation speed is controlled. At the time of welding, the rotary motor 44 rotates the jig 41 to integrally rotate the wheel rim 1 and the wheel disc 10 that are in pressure contact with each other, and the pressure contact portion between the wheel rim 1 and the wheel disc 10 is welded to the weld. By sequentially facing the tip of the torch 43, the press contact portion is welded over the entire circumference.

  Furthermore, the assembly welding machine 40 is provided with a computer 45 for controlling the welding process. The computer 45 stores a control program for the welding process. The computer 45 is connected to each device such as the rotary motor 44 and the welding power source device 51 described above, and a control signal is appropriately output according to the progress of the welding process to operate each device. The computer 45 includes a display device such as a CRT and an input device such as a keyboard, and allows an operator to set various welding conditions performed in the welding process.

  The control mechanism of the heat input amount in the assembly welding machine 40 will be described. In the computer 45, five welding conditions can be set: a start condition, a pre-welding condition, a main welding condition, a crater pre-condition, and a crater condition. In the start condition, the pre-welding condition, the main welding condition, and the crater pre-condition, the current amount and voltage amount of the welding torch 43 and the rotation speed and rotation angle of the rotary motor 44 can be set respectively. On the other hand, in the crater condition, since the welding is performed at one point, the current amount, the voltage amount, and the welding time can be set. That is, the amount of heat input is adjusted by the amount of current, the amount of voltage, the rotational speed (welding speed) or the welding time, and the welding start end, main welding front, main welding, and welding end are welded according to the rotation angle of the rotary motor 44. The distance is determined. If the operator sets each welding condition via the computer 45 before starting welding, a control signal is output from the computer 45 to the welding power source device 51 and the drive unit 53 after starting welding, and the current amount of the welding torch 43 is determined. The voltage amount and the rotation speed of the rotary motor 44 are adjusted, and welding according to each welding condition is executed in order. The present invention is characterized by a method for controlling the amount of heat input during welding. Since the welding torch 43 and the rotary motor 44 of the assembly welding machine 40 are the same as those in the conventional configuration, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  An embodiment in which a steel full-face wheel A is welded using the assembly welding machine 40 according to the following will be described. In this example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the welding start end is welded under a start condition with a low heat input, and the main welding front immediately after the welding start end is higher than the start condition and is higher than the main welding condition. After welding under the pre-welding conditions that result in a low heat input, the main welded part over the entire circumference is welded under the main welding conditions that provide a high heat input, and the welding end that overlaps the welding start end is Welding is performed under the pre-crater conditions where the heat input is low, and the welding end point is welded under crater conditions.

  Moreover, FIG. 8 shows each welding condition of a present Example. In this figure, the current value, voltage value, and rotation speed are shown as relative amounts of the current value i, voltage value v, and rotation speed w under the main welding conditions. As is apparent from FIG. 8, in this embodiment, a low heat input is realized by performing arc welding with a current amount and a voltage amount smaller than the main welding conditions in the start condition. On the other hand, the pre-welding precondition and the pre-crater precondition realize a lower heat input than the main welding condition by making the rotational speed of the rotary motor 44 faster than the rotational speed of the main welding condition. Here, the rotational speed of the pre-welding conditions is faster than the starting conditions, but the current amount and voltage of the starting conditions are lower than the pre-welding conditions, so the total heat input (current amount x voltage amount) (Proportional to welding speed) is lower under the start condition. In addition, the value of the conventional welding conditions can be used suitably for each parameter (current amount, voltage amount, welding speed, welding time) of the start condition, the main welding condition, and the crater condition. Further, the main welding front part to be welded under the pre-welding condition and the welding terminal part to be welded under the crater pre-condition are respectively matched with the range in which the weld bead 21 has been enlarged in the conventional welding method, respectively. The rotation angle is set.

  This welding process will be described in order with reference to FIG. 7. First, after starting welding, welding is started under a start condition that results in a low heat input, and a small weld bead 21 a is formed at the welding start end. When the welding start end is welded under the start condition, a signal is sent from the computer 45 to the welding power source device 51 and the drive unit 53, and the current amount and voltage amount of the welding torch 43 are increased, and the rotation speed of the rotary motor 44 is increased. Welding under pre-welding conditions. At this stage, since the base material 23 is not completely warmed up, the welding rate (rotational speed) is made faster than the main welding conditions to reduce the heat input, thereby suppressing the amount of deposited metal and the weld bead 21b ′. Make it smaller.

  Next, welding is performed over substantially the entire circumference under the main welding conditions where the heat input is higher than the pre-welding condition. At this stage, welding similar to the conventional main welding conditions is performed, and the base material 23 is also completely warmed, so that a stable weld bead 21c is formed in a state where a sufficient amount of penetration is ensured.

  Then, when the main welded portion over substantially the entire circumference is welded under the main welding conditions, a control signal is sent from the computer 45 to the drive unit 53, and the rotational speed of the rotary motor 44 is increased. Then, the welding end portion is welded under a pre-crater condition where the heat input is lower than the main welding condition, and the welding bead 21d 'is overlapped on the welding bead 21a formed at the welding start end portion to form a lap portion. In such a stage, the welding end portion is welded under the pre-crater condition, so that the amount of deposited metal is reduced as compared with the conventional case, and the weld bead 21 at the lap portion is reduced.

  Further, when the welding under the crater precondition is completed, the welding under the crater condition is performed. That is, a stop signal is output from the computer 45 to the drive unit 53 to stop the rotation of the rotary motor 44 and a control signal is output to the welding power source 51 to set the welding end point for a predetermined time (0) with the set current amount and voltage amount. .5 seconds) Weld. Thereafter, the manipulator 50 retracts the welding torch 43 by the control signal from the computer 45, and the welding process is completed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the welded full-face wheel A has a weld bead 21 in the vicinity of the lap portion smaller than the conventional weld bead (the two-dot chain line portion in FIG. 7), and extends over the entire circumference. A substantially uniform weld bead 21 is formed. And the weld bead 21 of the welded joint part 20 formed by the welding method of the present embodiment satisfies the standard shape (R6.5 or less) even in the lap part, and it is necessary to perform cutting after welding. lost. In addition, the welded joint portion 20 has not only such a standard shape but also a welding strength required for the wheel.

  Thus, in the welding method of the full face wheel of the present embodiment, since the cutting of the welded joint portion 20 is not required after welding, the manufacturing process of the full face wheel is simplified and the full face wheel A is manufactured at a low cost. can do.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the method of the said Example, In the range of the main point of this invention, it can change suitably. For example, in the embodiment, by setting the pre-welding precondition and the pre-crater precondition to a constant current amount, voltage amount, and rotation speed, the heat input is controlled to be constant. The condition and the pre-crater condition do not always need to be set to a constant heat input, and can be set to change the heat input stepwise as long as the heat input is lower than the main welding conditions. Furthermore, the full face wheel welding method of the present invention is mainly used for welding steel full face wheels, but can also be applied to aluminum full face wheels.

2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a full face wheel A. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the magnitude | size of the welding bead 21 by the conventional welding method. It is explanatory drawing which shows the welding conditions in the conventional welding method. It is an enlarged view of the welded joint part 20 of FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly welding machine 40. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the welding conditions of a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the magnitude | size of the weld bead 21 by the welding method of a present Example. It is a chart which shows the welding conditions of a present Example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wheel rim 2 Inner end rim flange part 3 Inner bead seat part 5 Drop part 6 Outer bead seat part 10 Wheel disk 11 Outer end rim flange part 12 Disc main plate part 14 Heat radiation hole 16 Hub hole 20 Welded joint part 21, 21a-d , 21b ', 21d' Weld beads 22 Welded surface 23 Base material 40 Assembly welding machine 41 Jig 42 Clamp 43 Welding torch 44 Rotating motor 45 Computer 49 Rotating air cylinder 50 Manipulator 51 Welding power supply device 53 Drive unit A Full face wheel

Claims (2)

In the welding method of the full face wheel, in which the wheel disk in which the outer end rim flange portion is formed in the outer peripheral portion and the wheel rim in which the outer bead seat portion is formed in the outer end are arc-welded over the entire circumference.
Weld the welding start end under the start condition that results in a low heat input,
After welding the front part of the main welding immediately after the welding start part at the pre-welding condition that is higher than the starting condition and lower than the main welding condition,
Weld the main welded part over almost the whole circumference under the main welding conditions that give a high heat input,
Welding the weld end overlapping the weld start end at the pre-crater conditions where the heat input is lower than the main welding conditions,
A welding method for a full face wheel, characterized in that the end of the welding end is welded under crater conditions.   The full face wheel welding method according to claim 1, wherein the welding speed is faster than the main welding conditions in the main welding precondition and the crater precondition.

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