JP2005096038A - Cutting device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting device capable of adjusting the cutting angle of a rotary grinding wheel with simple constitution. <P>SOLUTION: This cutting device 10 has a body unit 18 horizontally moving on a frame 12 in an advancing/retreating manner with respect to a cut object M. The body unit 18 is provided with a lower unit slidably placed on the frame 12, and an upper unit 30 placed on the lower unit 20 and disposing the rotary grinding wheel 40 at the front end part facing the cut object M while journaling the rear end part to the lower unit 20 through a supporting shaft 32. The front end part of the upper unit 30 is vertically tilted relative to the lower unit 20 around the supporting shaft 32 as a fulcrum by a driving member 50 disposed at the body unit 18. The rotary grinding wheel 40 is advanced/retreated and vertically moved relative to the cut object M to cut the cut object M at a required cutting angle θ by the rotary grinding wheel 40 while maintaining the required amount of depth of cut. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting device that cuts a steel material or the like using a rotating grindstone, and more particularly to a cutting device that can adjust the rotating grindstone to face an appropriate cutting angle with respect to an object to be cut.

  As a method for cutting an object to be cut such as a steel material or a steel bar to a predetermined length, there are various cutting methods such as shear cutting, a cutting tool such as a rotating grindstone and a cutting tool, and gas fusing. Among them, the method of grinding a workpiece with a rotating grindstone rotated at a high speed is applicable to a wide range of steel types, and can cut hardened steel, etc. Since it has many merits such as being able to cut at a time and obtaining a good cut surface, it is widely implemented in large to small cut objects.

  In the cutting method using a rotating grindstone, by appropriately adjusting the cutting angle of the rotating grindstone with respect to the workpiece, the method can cut the workpiece with high efficiency while suppressing oblique cutting of the workpiece and grinding of the grinding stone. Has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The rotating grindstone wears violently compared to other cutting tools, so the outer diameter decreases as the cutting operation continues, and the material cutting point (cutting position) that is the contact portion between the rotating grindstone and the workpiece Changes, the cutting angle also changes. Therefore, in Patent Document 1, the rotating grindstone is moved forward while being rotated at a predetermined number of revolutions, and the rotating grindstone is moved up and down to cut the workpiece set at a predetermined position at an appropriate cutting angle. A cutting device configured as described above is employed. As shown in FIG. 5, the cutting angle θ indicates an angle formed by a line connecting the axis O of the rotating grindstone 40 and the material cutting point P and a vertical line of the axis O.

  The cutting apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a horizontal frame that straddles a long object to be cut that has been transferred on a runout table, and a portal frame that includes a plurality of leg frames that support the horizontal frame, and the horizontal frame. A traveling unit suspended from a frame and provided with a rotating grindstone, and an elevating cylinder disposed on the leg frame and lifting and lowering the entire horizontal frame suspended from the traveling unit. Then, the traveling unit is horizontally moved while being suspended from the horizontal frame, and the horizontal frame is moved up and down by a predetermined stroke to change the relative position of the rotating grindstone with respect to the workpiece. It can be set to an appropriate cutting angle.

In addition, a rotating grindstone is arranged at one end of an arm installed on the main body that moves forward and backward with respect to the object to be cut, and is moved to a substantially intermediate position of the arm by a lifting / lowering means such as a hydraulic cylinder provided at the other end. There has also been proposed a seesaw-type cutting device that uses the provided support shaft as a swing support point so that the position of the rotating grindstone can swing up and down (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-6203 JP-A-9-225807

  By the way, since the cutting device disclosed by patent document 1 is the structure which suspends the traveling unit provided with the rotation grindstone, there exists a merit which can move a rotation grindstone in a wide range. However, because the construction is such that a heavy traveling unit equipped with a rotating grindstone and a driving means for rotating the rotating grindstone is suspended from a gate-shaped frame, a frame having high rigidity against the load is required, and the equipment is heavy. The problem that becomes. Further, in order to move up and down in a well-balanced manner, a lifting cylinder is required for each leg frame, which further increases the equipment cost. In contrast, the cutting device disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a merit that the lifting and lowering means can be simplified by pivotally supporting an arm provided with a rotating grindstone at a substantially central portion to form a seesaw type. Therefore, it is not stable against the reaction force at the time of cutting, and it is necessary to provide a separate anti-shake mechanism. That is, although the lifting means can be simplified, the configuration of other anti-shake mechanisms and the like is complicated, and there is a problem that the equipment cost increases.

  That is, the present invention has been proposed in order to suitably solve these problems inherent in the cutting apparatus according to the prior art, and the cutting angle of the rotating grindstone with respect to the workpiece can be reduced with a simple configuration. It aims at providing the cutting device which can be adjusted to an appropriate position.

In order to overcome the above problems and achieve the intended purpose, a cutting device according to the present invention comprises:
It consists of a main body unit that moves forward and backward horizontally on the gantry and a rotating grindstone provided on the main body unit, and the object to be cut positioned parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating grindstone is cut by the advancing operation of the main body unit. In the cutting device
The main unit is
A lower unit that moves horizontally on the frame;
An upper unit in which a rear end is pivotally supported above the lower unit via a support shaft, and the rotating grindstone is disposed in a front end;
The upper unit is supported in front of the support shaft, and the drive unit is configured to tilt the upper unit obliquely upward or downward with respect to the lower unit with the support shaft as a fulcrum.

  According to the cutting device of the present invention, the upper unit provided with the rotating grindstone is moved up and down by the driving member with the rear end portion of the upper unit as the tilting fulcrum, so that the rotating grindstone can be appropriately cut with a simple structure. A mechanism that can be adjusted to an angle can be configured, and the equipment cost can be reduced. In addition, since the load is applied to the front end of the upper unit provided with a rotating grindstone, the reaction force during cutting can be suppressed to prevent vertical movement and stabilize cutting. , Cutting efficiency can be improved. The clamp means can also prevent the lateral blurring along the axial direction of the rotating grindstone in the upper unit, and can further stabilize the cutting. Furthermore, since the cutting edge can be always cooled by arranging a nozzle for supplying a cooling fluid to the cutting edge in the vicinity of the cutting position by the rotating whetstone, the thermal load on the rotating whetstone is reduced, The effect which suppresses a strength fall is produced.

  Next, the cutting apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of preferred embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of long workpieces M such as steel and steel bars are arranged on the transfer means A such as a roller conveyor in the width direction of the transfer means A (direction perpendicular to the transfer direction). In this state, it is transferred with its longitudinal direction extending in the transfer direction. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the cutting apparatus 10 according to the embodiment includes a rectangular gantry 12 that is installed such that the transfer direction of the transfer means A that transfers the workpiece M is orthogonal to the extending direction of the long side. The main unit 18 is basically composed of the main body unit 18 which is placed on the gantry 12 and moves horizontally with respect to the workpiece M. Two rails 14 and 14 extending in the longitudinal direction of the gantry 12 perpendicular to the transfer direction of the workpiece M are spaced apart and parallel to the gantry 12 on the upper surface of the gantry 12. It is extended. For convenience of explanation, the direction orthogonal to the transfer direction of the workpiece M is referred to as the front-rear direction, and the side facing the workpiece M in the cutting apparatus 10 is the front side.

  The main unit 18 has a lower unit 20 slidably mounted on the gantry 12, a rear end portion supported on the lower unit 20 by a support shaft 32, and a rotating grindstone 40 that is rotatable at the front end portion. The upper unit 30 is provided, and a driving member 50 that tilts the front end of the upper unit 30 up and down with respect to the lower unit 20 with the support shaft 32 as a fulcrum. The lower unit 20 is a part where the upper unit 30 is placed on an upper part thereof to form a base part of the main body unit 18, and corresponds to the rails 14 and 14 extending on the upper surface of the mount 12. A plurality of sliders 22 that can be fitted are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the lower surface of the lower unit 20. Then, the lower unit 20 placed on the gantry 12 with the sliders 22 fitted to the rails 14 is urged by a moving means 16 such as a fluid pressure cylinder disposed on the gantry 12, and the gantry 12 It is configured to move horizontally along the twelve rails 14, 14. That is, the main body unit 18 as a whole moves forward and backward in a direction orthogonal to the transfer direction of the workpiece M (see FIG. 3).

  The upper unit 30 is placed on the lower unit 20 and is disposed at a front end portion of the frame 31 that faces the workpiece M with the frame 31 extending forward from the lower unit 20 as a main body. A head 34 in which a speed reduction mechanism such as a gear is accommodated, and a support shaft 32 disposed at the rear end portion and extending in parallel with the transfer direction of the workpiece M. Further, on the rear end side of the frame 31, driving means 36 such as a motor is placed on the front end side from the position where the support shaft 32 is disposed, and extends in the front-rear direction with one end connected to the driving means 36. The rotational driving force of the driving means 36 is transmitted to the head 34 via the shaft 38. A disc-shaped rotating grindstone 40 is rotatably disposed on a side portion of the head 34, and a rotating shaft 42 extends in parallel with the transfer direction. The rotary grindstone 40 is sandwiched between flanges 44 and 44 fixed to the rotary shaft 42 disposed on the head 34 and is detachably fixed. Then, due to the rotational driving force of the driving means 36 transmitted to the head 34 via the shaft 38, the rotary shaft 42 is rotated via the speed reduction mechanism of the head 34, and the rotary grindstone 40 is moved to a required level. It is configured to rotate at a rotational speed. The rotational speed of the rotating grindstone 40 can be adjusted to an arbitrary rotational speed by a control means (not shown).

  The upper unit 30 has a pair of bearings 24 provided with the support shaft 32 provided at the rear end of the frame 31 spaced apart in the left-right direction (the transfer direction of the workpiece M) in the lower unit 20. , 24 are rotatably held. Further, one end of the front end portion of the lower unit 20 is swingably held on the upper surface of the lower unit 20, and the other end is located from the position where the support shaft 32 is disposed in the frame 31 of the upper unit 30. A drive member 50 using a fluid pressure cylinder or the like that is swingably held on the front end side (front side) is disposed. That is, due to the expansion and contraction of the drive member 50, the upper unit 30 tilts obliquely upward or downward with the support shaft 32 pivotally supported by the bearings 24, 24 of the lower unit 20 as a fulcrum, and faces the workpiece M. As the head 34 side moves up and down, the rotary grindstone 40 can be displaced up and down (see FIG. 3).

  As shown in FIG. 1 or 2, the clamp unit 62, the clamp cylinder 64, and the clamp plate are provided on the left and right side portions of the main unit 18 in order to suppress axial shake of the rotating grindstone 40 (upper unit 30). Clamping means 60 comprising 68 are provided. That is, a pair of clamp portions 62 and 62 erected from the lower unit 20 across the frame 31 in the upper unit 30 are provided to hold the frame 31 from the left and right. Further, each clamp portion 62 is provided with a long hole 65 corresponding to the tilting locus of the upper unit 30, and a pin protruding from each clamp cylinder 64 installed in the upper unit 30 corresponding to each clamp portion 62. 66 is inserted into the long hole 65, and a clamp plate 68 fixed to the tip of the pin 66 is in sliding contact with the outer surface of the clamp portion 62. Then, when cutting the workpiece M with the rotary grindstone 40, if both the clamp cylinders 64, 64 are actuated, the pins 66, 66 are pulled into the upper unit 30 side and clamped by the clamp plates 68, 68. By pressing the parts 62, 62, the upper unit 30 is fixed to the clamp parts 62, 62. Thereby, the swinging of the upper unit 30 in the left-right direction (the direction along the axial direction of the rotating grindstone 40) is restricted. When the upper unit 30 moves up and down, the pressing state by the clamping means 60, 60 is released, and the upper unit 30 is allowed to tilt upward or downward.

  A plurality of nozzles 46 for supplying a cooling fluid for cooling the cutting edge of the rotating grindstone 40 are provided on a cover (not shown) that covers the rotating grindstone 40 (see FIG. 1 or FIG. 4). The nozzle 46 is arranged with the opening of the nozzle 46 facing the side portion close to the cutting edge portion on the downstream side in the rotation direction from the cutting position of the workpiece M by the rotating grindstone 40 at the lower part of the rotating grindstone 40. It is installed. More specifically, the nozzle 46 is in the vicinity of the point where the vertical line from the axis of the rotating grindstone 40 and the outer peripheral edge of the rotating grindstone 40 intersect, and is an arc in a quarter circle on the workpiece M side. It is comprised so that cooling water may be supplied to the side of the blade edge | tip part which makes | forms. Further, another nozzle 46 is disposed below the rotary grindstone 40 so that the nozzle 46 faces the cutting edge.

  As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3, the cutting device 10 adjusts the front-rear position of the main body unit 18 with respect to the workpiece M and adjusts the tilt angle of the upper unit 30, thereby A cutting edge portion forming a circular arc on the lower front side of the rotary grindstone 40 provided in the unit 30 faces the workpiece M. Here, the cutting amount K of the rotating grindstone 40 with respect to the workpiece M is set appropriately, and the material cutting point (cutting position) P and the rotating grindstone 40 at which the workpiece M and the rotating grindstone 40 come into contact with each other. The cutting angle θ formed by the line connecting the axis O and the vertical line passing through the axis O is set to be 50 ° or less. Then, by moving the moving means 16 forward, the main body unit 18 moves forward along the rails 14 and 14 on the gantry 12, and the rotating grindstone 40 disposed at the front end of the main body unit 18 is moved. The object to be cut M on the transfer means A is traversed. The cutting depth K indicates a drop between the mounting surface of the workpiece M and a point where a vertical line from the axis O of the rotating grindstone 40 intersects the outer peripheral edge of the rotating grindstone 40 (FIG. 5). Or see FIG.

(Effects of Example)
Next, the operation of the cutting apparatus according to the embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, for example, when the workpiece M having a circular cross section is cut by the rotating grindstone 40, the rotation of the rotating grindstone 40 is performed at the material cutting point P where the rotating grindstone 40 and the workpiece M abut. It is considered that a reaction force F1 opposite to the direction tangential to the direction acts, and a reaction force F2 backward to the force F that moves the rotating grindstone 40 forward. When the combined reaction force (cutting load) Fb of these two reaction forces acts in the direction from the material cutting point P toward the axis O of the rotating grindstone, and this cutting load Fb becomes excessive, the rotating grindstone 40 is bent and deformed. In addition, since the workpiece M is cut obliquely, the cutting efficiency is reduced. In order to reduce the cutting load Fb, it is effective to keep the cutting angle θ as small as possible and keep the cutting amount K at the minimum value. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the cutting load ratio (Fb / F) and the outer diameter of the rotating grindstone 40 and the cutting angle θ and the outer diameter of the rotating grindstone 40 when the cutting amount K of the rotating grindstone 40 is kept constant. It is a graph which shows the relationship. As is clear from FIG. 6, when the cutting amount K is held at the minimum value, the cutting load ratio changes at a relatively low value, and decreases as the outer diameter of the rotating grindstone 40 increases. In addition, since the cutting load Fb with respect to the rotating grindstone 40 becomes small as the said cutting angle (theta) becomes small, it is desirable to make a cutting angle as small as possible.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 7, when the rotary grindstone 40 is not raised or lowered during cutting, the cutting amount K is set to be used for cutting without waste from the maximum diameter 40a to the minimum diameter (discard diameter) 40b of the rotary grindstone 40. It is necessary to set large. Then, since the workpiece M and the side surface of the rotating grindstone 40 are always in contact with each other at the same position, the side surface of the rotating grindstone 40 is worn and the strength is lowered, causing the rotating grindstone 40 to warp. At this time, the cutting angle θ becomes large. FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the cutting load ratio (Fb / F) and the outer diameter of the rotating grindstone 40 when the rotating grindstone 40 is moved only horizontally, and the relationship between the cutting angle θ and the outer diameter of the rotating grindstone 40. It is a graph which shows. As is clear from FIG. 8, the cutting angle θ and the cutting load ratio increase as the outer diameter of the rotating grindstone 40 increases.

  As described above, in order to improve the cutting efficiency in the rotating grindstone 40, the cutting load Fb may be reduced, and in short, the cutting angle θ may be set to be small. That is, in order to reduce the cutting angle θ, the cutting amount K of the rotating grindstone 40 with respect to the workpiece M may be reduced. The cutting apparatus 10 of the embodiment can move the main unit 18 in the front-rear direction with respect to the workpiece M along the rails 14 and 14 of the gantry 12 by moving the moving means 16 forward. The upper unit 30 of the main unit 18 is tilted up and down with a support shaft 32 provided at the rear end thereof as a fulcrum, and moves up and down the head 34 provided with the rotating grindstone 40 with respect to the workpiece M. It is possible. That is, the main body unit 18 provided with the upper unit 30 is moved forward and backward, and the upper unit 30 is tilted up and down to arbitrarily set the relative position of the rotating grindstone 40 with respect to the workpiece M. It is possible.

  Therefore, when cutting the workpiece M, the cutting device 10 tilts the upper unit 30 disposed in the main body unit 18 up and down to cut the rotating grindstone 40 with respect to the workpiece M. In consideration of the outer diameter (size) or shape of the object M, the cutting tool is set in such a manner that the cutting amount K is set to a minimum value, and the main body unit 18 is advanced by the moving means 16 so that the rotating grindstone 40 is covered. Contact with the cut object M. At this time, since the cutting amount K is defined, the cutting angle θ is set to a required angle. When the cutting operation is started, the rotational driving force of the driving means 36 is transmitted to the rotating grindstone 40, the rotating grindstone 40 rotates at a predetermined number of revolutions, and the main body unit 18 is moved forward by the moving means 16. The rotary grindstone 40 disposed at the front end of the upper unit 30 moves in a direction crossing the workpiece M. As the cutting of the workpiece M progresses, the rotating grindstone 40 wears and the outer diameter decreases. However, the outer diameter of the rotating grindstone 40 can be reduced by detecting means or control means (not shown) or a combination thereof. In accordance with the change, the tilt angle of the upper unit 30 is adjusted and the rotary grindstone 40 is moved up and down with respect to the workpiece M, so that the cutting amount K of the rotary grindstone 40 is kept constant. In this way, the cutting device 10 raises and lowers the rotating grindstone 40 according to the outer diameter, and sets the cutting amount K of the rotating grindstone 40 with respect to the workpiece M to be small in the vicinity of the cutting edge when cutting. Therefore, the wear on the side surface of the rotating grindstone 40 is suppressed, the rotating grindstone 40 is hardly warped, and the slant cutting of the cutting object M and the grindstone cracking are suppressed, and the object is covered with high efficiency. The cut M can be cut.

  The cutting device 10 is configured to move up and down the head 34 side including the rotating grindstone 40 with the rear end portion side of the upper unit 30 as a tilting fulcrum, thereby simplifying equipment for raising and lowering the upper unit 30. Is possible. That is, in the cutting apparatus 10 of the embodiment, the upper unit 30 can be moved up and down stably by one drive member 50. Moreover, since it is not the structure which suspends the said cutting device 10, since reinforcement of the flame | frame 31 grade | etc., With respect to a load can be simplified, installation cost can be reduced.

  Further, the upper unit 30 is provided with a rotating grindstone 40 with a support shaft 32 disposed on the rear end side of the frame 31 as a fulcrum and a front end side of the support shaft 32 supported by a driving member 50. Since it has a cantilever support structure that moves up and down the head 34 side, the load of the upper unit 30 is unevenly distributed on the head 34 side. That is, as described above, when the workpiece M is cut, the rotary grindstone 40 receives an upward reaction force, but the load unevenly distributed on the head 34 side acts as a reaction force against the reaction force in the vertical direction. It has the effect of suppressing blurring and stabilizing the cutting. Further, since the driving means 36 is mounted on the frame 31 on the front end side of the support shaft 32 in the upper unit 30, the cutting can be further stabilized by using this load.

  Then, by providing the clamping means 60, 60 on both sides of the upper unit 30, it is possible to suppress the lateral blur of the upper unit 30 including the rotating grindstone 40 when the workpiece M is cut. It is possible to cut the workpiece M with high efficiency by preventing the workpiece M from being obliquely cut.

  As described above, the rotary grindstone 40 is set so as to always maintain a constant cutting amount K by raising and lowering the upper unit 30 according to the outer diameter during cutting. Since the cutting device 10 of the embodiment is disposed on the cover that covers the rotating grindstone 40 with the opening of the nozzle 46 facing the side portion close to the cutting edge portion in the lower portion of the rotating grindstone 40, the cutting device 10 is always provided. Cooling water can be supplied to the cutting edge portion adjacent to the material cutting point P. In addition, since the cutting amount K of the rotating grindstone 40 is always constant, the amount of cooling water applied does not change even if the outer diameter of the rotating grindstone 40 changes. That is, since the rotating grindstone 40 can be appropriately cooled at the time of cutting, the thermal load on the rotating grindstone 40 can be reduced, and the strength reduction of the rotating grindstone 40 can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to increase the rotation speed of the rotating grindstone 40, suppress the self-generated action of the rotating grindstone 40, and improve the cutting area ratio. The cutting area ratio is a ratio between the total cutting area of the workpiece M and the wear area of the rotating grindstone 40.

1 is a side view showing a cutting device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the cutting device of an Example. It is a side view which shows the standby state and displacement state of the cutting device of an Example. It is I arrow line view of FIG. 1 which shows the cutting device of an Example. It is a side view which shows the rotary grindstone in the cutting device of an Example. It is a graph which shows transition of the cutting load ratio with respect to the outer diameter of the rotary grindstone in the cutting device of an Example, and a cutting angle. It is a side view which shows the conventional cutting method. It is a graph which shows transition of the cutting load ratio with respect to the outer diameter of the rotary grindstone in the conventional cutting method, and a cutting angle.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Base 18 Main unit 20 Lower unit 30 Upper unit 32 Support shaft 36 Drive means 40 Rotating grindstone 42 Rotating shaft 46 Nozzle 50 Drive member 60 Clamp means M Material to be cut P Material cutting point (cutting position)

Claims (4)

It consists of a main unit (18) that moves forward and backward horizontally on the gantry (12), and a rotating grindstone (40) provided on the main unit (18), which is parallel to the rotating shaft (42) of the rotating grindstone (40). In the cutting device that is configured to cut the grindstone by the forward operation of the main unit (18), the workpiece (M) positioned in
The body unit (18),
A lower unit (20) that moves horizontally on the gantry (12);
The rear end is pivotally supported above the lower unit (20) via a support shaft (32), and the upper unit (30) in which the rotating grindstone (40) is disposed at the front end,
The upper unit (30) is supported in front of the support shaft (32), and the upper unit (30) is obliquely above or below the lower unit (20) with the support shaft (32) as a fulcrum. A cutting device characterized by comprising a drive member (50) tilted to the right.   The cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the driving means (36) for rotationally driving the rotating grindstone (40) is placed on the upper unit (30) on the front end side of the support shaft (32).   The cutting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising clamp means (60) for suppressing movement of the rotary grindstone (40) in the axial direction in the upper unit (30). A nozzle (46) for supplying a cooling fluid toward the cutting edge of the rotating grindstone (40) is arranged downstream of the cutting position (P) of the workpiece (M) by the rotating grindstone (40) in the rotation direction. The cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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