JP2005081534A - Pallet exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To safely exchange a pallet by easily setting a cargo and a pallet in a suitable position regardless of a width dimension and holding them by a suitable fastening force without damaging the cargo. <P>SOLUTION: Carrying-in directions of the cargo C and the pallet P1 are two directions, one is from a front side from which a ring shaped frame body 1 is viewed as a C shape and the other is from a side surface side through an aperture 1a. When the cargo C and the pellet P1 are carried from the front side, they are placed on a lower receiving base 2 while a part thereof passes through the aperture 1a and is protruded out of a ring circle, and they are reversed and moved at an angle of 180 degrees accompanied by the reverse of the ring shaped frame bodies 1 while being protruded from the aperture 1a even when widths of the cargo C and the pallet P1 are wide. When they are carried from the side surface side, they are passed through the aperture 1a and placed on the lower receiving base 2 while both ends thereof are protruded, jacks 8b and 9b of a lower receiving base 8 and an upper receiving base 9 are interlocked and extended toward the center of the ring shaped frame bodies 1, respectively, and reversed in a state that the center of gravity of the whole of the cargo C and the pallet P1 is approached to a center position of the ring shaped frame bodies 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention replaces the pallet on the shipping side on which the load is actually loaded and the replacement pallet on the receiving side, and transfers the load onto the replacement pallet, so that the empty pallet on the shipping side can be replaced on the spot. The present invention relates to a pallet changer that can be collected or returned.
Specifically, the pallet on which the load is loaded is loaded and placed on the lower cradle provided inside the ring-shaped frame, and the pallet and the load are sandwiched vertically between the lower cradle and the upper cradle. The present invention relates to a pallet exchanging apparatus that replaces a pallet and a replacement pallet by inverting a ring-shaped frame while maintaining a stacked state in a state where a side cradle is in contact with a side surface of the load.

Conventionally, as a pallet exchanging device of this type, a rectangular opening is opened between the left and right support columns on the front surface of the drum-shaped frame, and the rear surface is closed with a plate. A cradle (loading platform) is provided, and the lower cradle and the upper cradle are brought close to each other toward the center of the frame body by a loading platform opening / closing device composed of an X link and a hydraulic cylinder, and the side cradle (side plate) 4 Some hydraulic cylinders are provided so as to be movable in a telescopic manner toward the side of a load (luggage).
In this case, first, the hydraulic cylinder of the platform opening / closing device is contracted to widen the space between the upper and lower cradles. In this state, the load placed on the pallet with the forklift is opened from the front side where the frame body looks like an O shape. After passing through the frame in the direction of the short central axis and placing it on the lower cradle, and then narrowing the space between the upper and lower cradles and sandwiching the load from above and below, the cylinder is extended to extend the lateral cradle To the side of the load.
Then, after the frame is rotated 180 degrees and the load is turned upside down, the interval between the upper and lower cradles is widened, the pallet is taken out and another replacement pallet is placed on the load, and then the exchange is completed, The interval between the upper and lower cradles is narrowed so that the load is sandwiched and rotated 180 degrees in the opposite direction, the upper and lower cradles are opened, and the entire pallet load is taken out from the forklift (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-45253 (pages 2 and 3, FIGS. 2 to 4)

However, in such a conventional pallet exchanging apparatus, the load is loaded together with the pallet through the opening from the front side where the frame body appears to be O-shaped, and a pair of support columns are arranged in the left-right direction of the opening. Since the width dimension is limited, there is a problem that a pallet or a load wider than the width dimension of the opening cannot be carried into the frame body.
Furthermore, for forklift drivers moving closer from the front side of the frame, the pillars located on the left and right sides of the opening are difficult to see because the load wider than the mast of the forklift is obstructive. In order to avoid this, there is also a problem that a frame with a larger diameter is required.
In addition, when continuously deploying a pallet changer that automatically collects the pallet from the inside of the inverted frame and supplies the replacement pallet, only the front-rear direction of the frame in which the opening is opened can be connected. In addition, if a pallet and a load are loaded from the front toward the front surface of the frame body, generally, a replacement pallet must be supplied from the rear so as not to interfere with the pallet and the load. The operation space becomes a flat cross and becomes large, and there is a problem that a large installation space is required and the installation place is limited.
Furthermore, the lower cradle and the upper cradle are brought close to each other by a loading platform opening / closing device comprising an X link and a hydraulic cylinder. The lower cradle and the upper cradle are cantilevered only on the hydraulic cylinder side by the X link and are structured. Is complicated and has many sliding and rotating parts, resulting in inferior durability and high manufacturing costs. If the height of the load is low, the opening angle of the X link increases and the output of the hydraulic cylinder increases. On the other hand, if a hydraulic cylinder with the same output is used even when the height of the load is high, there is a problem that a large compressive force acts on the load and it may be crushed.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the load and the pallet can be easily set at an appropriate position regardless of the width dimension, held with an appropriate clamping force, and safely exchanged the pallet without damaging the load. It is intended.
In addition to the object of the invention described in claim 1, the invention described in claim 2 aims to make the whole apparatus fit in a minimum space and facilitate loading and unloading even when pallet changers are continuously deployed. It is a thing.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is such that a part of the ring-shaped frame body is omitted, and the opening facing the side cradle is formed from the center of the ring-shaped frame body. The C-shaped opening is opened in the lateral direction, and the opening is moved from the lateral opening position through the upward opening position to the lateral opening position on the opposite side by 180 degrees as the ring-shaped frame is reversed. In the center of the center axis direction of the ring, a lower cradle jack, an upper cradle jack, and a lateral cradle jack that are extendable toward the center of the ring-shaped frame body are arranged. A cylinder is connected by piping.
The action of the invention according to claim 1 resulting from such a configuration is that the opening direction in which a part of the ring-shaped frame is missing is opened, so that the loading direction of the load and the pallet is changed to the C-shaped ring-shaped frame. There are two ways of carrying in from the front side and carrying in from the side through the opening. When loading from the front side even for a wide range of loads and pallets, part of the ring passes through the opening. In the case of being placed on the lower cradle while jumping out of the circle, reversing by 180 degrees while jumping out of the opening as the ring-shaped frame is reversed, and carrying in from the side Is placed on the lower cradle through the opening with its both ends protruding, and is further lowered toward the center of the ring frame by connecting the lower cradle and the upper cradle cylinder by piping. The cradle and upper cradle · The is one which inverts in a state extended in conjunction respectively, were close to the center of gravity of the entire load and pallet to the center position of the ring shape frame.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, the ring-shaped frame body is placed on a load as the ring-shaped frame body is reversed, with the ring-shaped frame body being reversed. Further, a configuration is provided in which a pallet changer is provided which automatically collects the pallet and supplies a replacement pallet instead.
The operation of the invention according to claim 2 resulting from the structure added in this way is the pallet changer provided opposite to the opening of the inverted ring-shaped frame body. The pallet placed on the pallet and the replacement pallet instead are automatically supplied, and the pallet collection direction and the replacement pallet supply direction are arranged in parallel with the loading and pallet loading direction. The pallet can be collected / supplied from the ring frame and loaded in the same direction.

As described above, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention has an opening in which a part of the ring-shaped frame is missing, so that the loading direction of the load and the pallet can be changed so that the ring-shaped frame is C. There are two types: loading from the front side, which looks like a shape, and loading from the side through the opening. In addition to being placed on the lower cradle while jumping out of the ring circle, as the ring-shaped frame is turned over, it is flipped 180 degrees while jumping out from the opening, and is loaded from the side. In this case, both ends of the ring-shaped frame body are placed on the lower cradle through the opening with the both ends protruding, and further connected to the lower cradle and the upper cradle cylinder by piping. The lower cradle and upper cradle Since the sticks extend in conjunction with each other, and the center of gravity of the entire load and pallet is reversed while approaching the center position of the ring-shaped frame, the load and pallet can be easily set to the proper position regardless of the width. The pallet can be replaced safely without damaging the load by holding it with an appropriate clamping force.
Therefore, a pair of struts are arranged in the left and right direction of the opening opened on the front surface of the frame body, so that the inside of the frame body can be used even for pallets and loads that are wider than the width of the opening, compared to conventional ones with limited width dimensions. A wide range of pallets that do not fit in the ring frame can be exchanged.
Especially when loading and pallets are loaded from the front side of the ring-shaped frame with a forklift, the load on the left and right sides of the opening is wider than the forklift mast, making it difficult to see the load. You can safely and quickly load and unload cargo without having to worry about pallets hitting them.
Further, compared to the conventional one in which the lower cradle and the upper cradle are brought close to each other by a loading platform opening / closing device composed of an X link and a hydraulic cylinder, the center of the lower cradle and the upper cradle can be supported and the structure is not used because the X link is not used. In addition, the sliding and rotating portions can be remarkably reduced to improve durability and reduce the manufacturing cost, and a stable pressing force can be obtained regardless of the change in the height of the load.
In addition, by temporarily fixing the opening with a part of the ring-shaped frame missing upward, the overall vertical height is reduced compared to a drum-shaped frame that is continuous over the entire circumference. The device can be easily transported, and can be installed and installed even in a narrow door with a limited height or in a narrow opening.

In addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the invention of claim 2 is a pallet changer provided opposite to the opening of the inverted ring-shaped frame body. The pallet placed on the pallet and the replacement pallet instead are automatically supplied, and the pallet collection direction and the replacement pallet supply direction are arranged in parallel with the loading and pallet loading direction. Since the pallet can be collected and supplied to the ring frame from the same direction, the load can be loaded from the same direction, so that even when pallet changers are continuously deployed, the entire device can be kept in a minimum space and can be easily unloaded. Can do.
Therefore, when the pallet changer is continuously arranged, the installation place is not limited as compared with the conventional apparatus in which the entire apparatus becomes a flat cross shape and becomes large, and can be installed even in a narrow place.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 9, the pallet exchanging device is composed only of the reversing machine A, and the pallet P1 on which the load C is loaded is carried toward the reversing machine A by a forklift or the like not shown. By operating the reversing machine A, the pallet P1 on which the load C is placed is turned upside down as it is, and in this inverted state, the pallet P1 is collected and the replacement pallet P2 is supplied manually or with a forklift, and then reversed in the reverse direction. The case where pallets P1 and P2 are exchanged is shown.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the reversing machine A is formed by connecting a plurality of cross members 2 across a pair of front and rear ring-shaped frame bodies 1, 1. Are supported rotatably via four wheels 4.
As shown in FIG. 1, these ring-shaped frames 1, 1 are partially omitted, and an opening 1 a facing a side receiving base 10 described later is provided on the ring-shaped frames 1, 1. Opened from the center to the front in the form of a front C.

  As shown in FIG. 4, an engagement groove 1b is formed on the outer periphery of each ring-shaped frame body 1, and the wheel 4 comes into contact with the engagement groove 1b, and from the wheel 4 on the side surface of the engagement groove 1b. Is prevented from being displaced in the direction of the central axis of each ring-shaped frame 1.

  A chain 5 is wound around one of the ring-shaped frames 1 and 1 along the engaging groove 1b, and a chain sprocket 6a driven by a geared motor 6 is engaged with the chain 5 and an appropriate engagement rate is obtained by a tensioner 7. Then, while maintaining the chain tension, the ring-shaped frames 1 and 1 are reversed 180 degrees in the forward and reverse directions, and the opening 1a passes from the lateral opening position to the lateral opening position on the opposite side through the upward opening position. Moving.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the ring-shaped frame bodies 1, 1 have a lower cradle 8 facing the lower surface of the load C and an upper cradle 9 facing the upper surface of the load C. The side cradle 10 facing the side surface C1 of the load C is provided so as to be extendable toward the center of the ring-shaped frame 1,1.

  A portion of the side cradle 10 facing the side surface C1 of the load C has a two-layer structure including a load receiving surface 10a that is advanced and retracted by a jack 10b, which will be described later, and contacts the side surface C1 of the load C, and a support portion that supports the load receiving surface 10a. The load receiving surface 10a is configured to be slidable in the vertical direction in synchronization with the movement of the lower receiving base 8 and the upper receiving base 9 with respect to the support portion.

  At the same time, below the load receiving surface 10a, an adjustable stopper (not shown) for floating the load receiving surface 10a by the thickness of the pallet P1 on which the load C is mounted, the side surface of the pallet P1 and the side surface of the load C It has a stopper (not shown) that can be positioned and adjusted with C1.

  Further, the load receiving surface 10a constitutes a flat surface by assembling a pair of connecting bodies in which elongated plates such as square bars are arranged in parallel at equal intervals so that the elongated plates are alternately fitted. The height dimension of the load receiving surface 10a may be adjusted in accordance with the height dimension of the load C by shifting the pair of connected bodies in the vertical direction.

  A cushioning material (not shown) made of an elastically deformable material is attached to the surface of the load receiving surface 10a so that the direction of the side surface C1 of the load C placed on the lower receiving table 8 is slightly inclined. Even if there is some unevenness on the side surface C1 of the load C, it is possible to make sure that the surface contact is made and, if necessary, to swingably support the direction corresponding to the direction of the side surface C1 of the load C.

  Further, in the case of the illustrated example, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of rollers 8 a... Are provided on the lower cradle 8 so as to be freely rotatable in the protruding direction of the lateral cradle 10. When the load C comes into contact with the side surface C1 of the load C, the load C slightly escapes in the same direction and stops with a soft touch to reduce the lateral load on the lower cradle 8. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the roller 8a may not be used as long as it has a similar function.

  The driving sources of the lower cradle 8, the upper cradle 9 and the side cradle 10 are jacks 8b, 9b, 10b attached to the centers thereof, and the bases of the lower cradle 8, the upper cradle 9, and the side cradle 10 It is fixed at the center in the axial direction, in the illustrated example, at the front and rear centers of the cross members 2... To form the reaction points of expansion and contraction of the jacks 8b, 9b, 10b.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the jacks 8b, 9b, and 10b have inner and outer cylinders 8c, 9c, and 10c, which are reciprocably inserted and rotated with respect to each other, and pins on the inner and outer cylinders 8c, 9c, and 10c. By constituting the coupled hydraulic cylinders 8d, 9d, and 10d, the lower cradle 8, the upper cradle 9 and the side cradle 10 are rotatably supported over a predetermined angular range, respectively. , 9d, 10d causes the inner and outer cylinders 8c, 9c, 10c to expand and contract.

  Between the hydraulic cylinder 8d of the lower cradle 8 and the hydraulic cylinder 9d of the upper cradle 9, pipes are connected as shown in FIG. 6, and the pump unit 11 and the hydraulic cylinder 10d of the side cradle 10 are connected to each other. It is expanded and contracted by a valve.

The following functions are required for the hydraulic cylinder 8d of the lower cradle 8 and the hydraulic cylinder 9d of the upper cradle 9 that sandwich the pallet P1 on which the load C is placed.
That is, the pressing force from above by the upper cradle 9 pushes the load C with a force that does not cause collapse of the load C without crushing the load C. Therefore, a large output capable of supporting all of the movable part weight and the weight of the load C is required.

  In addition to this, when the forward / reverse rotation is performed, the center of gravity of the rolling load C and the total weight of the pallet P1 can be rotated forward / reversely with a smaller force if it is closer to the center position of the ring-shaped frame 1,1. Therefore, the strokes of the hydraulic cylinder 8d of the lower cradle 8 and the hydraulic cylinder 9d of the upper cradle 9 are ideally capable of being centered, and the lower cradle shown in FIG. 7 solves these two propositions. 8 is a hydraulic circuit of 8 hydraulic cylinders 8 d and an upper cylinder 9 hydraulic cylinder 9 d.

P a hydraulic pressure from the force of balance shown in Figure 8, d ₁ the bore diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 8d of the lower cradle 8, lot size d _3, when the bore diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 9d of the upper cradle 9, d _2, When the force for pressing from above and F _1, F ₁ is,
F ₁ = d _{² 2} (W _on + W _{under + W L) / (d 1} 2 -d 3 2 + d 2 2) -πd 1 2 d 2 2 P / 4 (d 1 2 -d 3 2 + d ₂ ² ) -W _down ... (1)
It can be expressed as

When the force for pressing from above after inversion and F _2, F ₂ is
F ₂ = (d ₁ ² -d ₃ ² ) (W _up + W _down + W _L ) / (d ₁ ² -d ₃ ² + d ₂ ² ) -πd ₁ ² d ₂ ² P / (d ₁ ^2- d ₃ ² + d ₂ ² ) -W _top ... (2)
Substituting this relationship into Eqs. (1) and (2) so that d ₁ ² -d ₃ ² = d ₂ ² and W _up = W _down into the formulas F ₁ and F ₂ F ₁ = F ₂ , and the force pressed from above is the same during forward rotation and reverse rotation. Also, since the upper and lower cylinders are stretched, the load is not linked even if the height of the load C changes. Since it is pushed up and held at the center, there is also the centering of the side cradle 10 and it can be rotated forward and backward with a small rotational force.

  In the reversing machine A, the pallet P1 on which the load C is placed is connected to the ring-shaped frame 1 in parallel with the side receiving base 10 from the front side where the ring-shaped frame 1, 1 looks C-shaped by a forklift or the like. , 1 in the direction of the center axis, that is, from the front to the rear in the drawing, is placed horizontally and placed on the lower cradle 2 or is opened with a part of the ring-shaped frame 1, 1 missing. The ring-shaped frame bodies 1 and 1 are passed through the opening 1a from the side surface side to the side cradle 10 in the radial direction, that is, from the right to the left in the drawing, and are horizontally carried over the lower cradle 2 Placed on.

Next, the operation of such a pallet changer will be described in the order of steps.
First, in the case where the pallet P1 on which the load C is loaded is carried in from the front side to the rear side in parallel with the side cradle 10 from the front side where the ring-shaped frames 1 and 1 shown in FIG. Even if the left and right width dimensions of the load C and the pallet P1 are wide such that they do not fit within the ring circle of the ring-shaped frame 1, 1 as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 1, for example, a part C2 passes through the opening 1a. Can be placed on the lower cradle 2 while projecting out of the ring circle, and with the subsequent reversal of the ring-shaped frame bodies 1, 1, 180 degrees of reversal movement while projecting from the opening 1 a Is possible.

  In particular, when the pallet P1 on which the load C is loaded from the front side where the ring-shaped frame bodies 1 and 1 look C-shaped is loaded by a forklift, the driver's seat of the forklift is generally arranged on the left side. By arranging the opening 1a on the right side of the front side opposite to the side, it is an effective countermeasure against blind spots, and there is an advantage that loading and unloading of the load C can be performed safely and quickly.

  In the case where the pallet P1 on which the load C is loaded is carried from the right side to the left side toward the side cradle 10 from the side surface passing through the opening 1a in which a part of the ring-shaped frame 1, 1 is missing. Even if the width C of the cargo C and the pallet P1 is wider than the upper cradle 8 and the lower cradle 9 as shown by, for example, one-dot chain lines in FIGS. While being able to be placed on the lower cradle 2 through the opening 1a, the front and rear ends of the load C and the pallet P1 are left protruding as the ring-shaped frame bodies 1 and 1 are subsequently reversed. The degree can be reversed.

Here, at the time of carrying in, the center in the width direction of the load C and the pallet P1 is aligned with the center in the width direction of the ring-shaped frame body 1 and the side cradle 3, and the center of gravity in the width direction is approximately set. By matching, it is preferable that the wide cargo C and the pallet P1 are not decentered with reversal.
Thereby, even wide cargo C and pallet P1 can be easily set at an appropriate position.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), when the load C and the pallet P1 are loaded and set, the rotation direction selection switch (not shown) is set to the normal rotation and the start switch is turned ON. When the pump unit 11 of the hydraulic circuit shown in FIG. 1 rotates, the valve solenoid 12a is energized at the same time, the spool moves, the pressure oil enters the bottom side of the hydraulic cylinder 8d of the lower cradle 8, and the lot of the hydraulic cylinder 8d The oil on the side is pushed out, and this oil flows into the bottom side of the hydraulic cylinder 9d of the upper cradle 9 through the pipe.

  Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 9B, the jack 8b of the lower cradle 8 extends to raise the lower cradle 8, and at the same time, the jack 9b of the upper cradle 9 extends. The upper cradle 9 is lowered, and the load C and the pallet P are sandwiched by an appropriate force in the vicinity of the center of the ring-shaped frames 1, 1 as the lower cradle 8 and the upper cradle 9 are centered. The pressurization continues for the time set by the timer, and when the time is over, the energization to the solenoid 12a is stopped, the spool returns to the middle positive and is held at the enclosed hydraulic pressure.

  After a predetermined time by the timer, the spool is moved by energizing the solenoid 13a, and the hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic cylinder 10d of the side cradle 10 so that the side cradle 10 extends as shown in FIG. 9C. The ring-shaped frames 1 and 1 move toward the center, and the cushioning material 10a comes into contact with the side surface C1 of the load C and softly presses the load C and the pallet P1 and stops. This movement is also time-controlled, and the spool returns to the middle and the movement is stopped and held.

  At this time, in particular, when loaded with a forklift, the load C and the pallet P1 are often placed at an angle with respect to the surface of the side cradle. When the cushioning material 10a is in contact with and pressed against the side surface C1 of the load C, the lower cradle 8 and the upper cradle 9 are rotated over a predetermined angular range, respectively, so that the direction of the load C and the pallet P1 There is a function to correct.

  Thereafter, the forward rotation side of the forward / reverse rotation electric motor 6 with brake is energized. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 9D and 9E, the reversing machine A rotates 180 degrees to the left in the illustrated example and the limit switch ( (Not shown).

  A predetermined time after the stop, the solenoids 12b and 13b in FIG. 7 are energized, and the hydraulic cylinders 8d, 9d, and the jacks 8b, 9b and 10b of all of the lower cradle 8, the upper cradle 9 and the side cradle 10 are provided. 9d is shortened, and as shown in FIG. 9 (f), the load C descends as soon as the side cradle 10 is separated from the load C, and the energization to each solenoid is stopped by the descent stop limit switch. The pump unit motor also stops.

  In this state, as shown in FIG. 9 (g), the forklift and the above-described pallet changer B remove the pallet P1 that is on the top, place the replacement pallet P2 instead, and switch the select switch to reverse rotation. When the start switch is pressed for a few seconds, as shown in FIG. 9 (h), the load C and the replacement pallet P2 are sandwiched in the same manner as in normal rotation, and then the side cradle 10 is moved as shown in FIG. 9 (i). After pressing the side C1 of the load C, as shown in FIG. 9 (h), as shown in FIGS. 9 (j) to 9 (k), it is reversed 180 degrees, and as shown in FIG. Similarly stop with movement.

  As a result, the pallet can be safely replaced without damaging the load C by easily setting the load C and the pallet P1 at an appropriate position and holding them with an appropriate clamping force regardless of the width dimension.

On the other hand, what is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is another embodiment of the present invention.
In this configuration, the pallet exchanging apparatus has a configuration in which the reversing machine A described above and a pallet replacing machine B for automatically collecting the pallet P1 and supplying the pallet P2 for replacement are continuously arranged. Unlike the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 9, the other configuration is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 9.

  The pallet changer B is disposed opposite to the opening 1a of the ring-shaped frame 1 and 1 inverted by 180 degrees, and has two support posts B1 and B1 standing on the extension 3a of the base frame 3. A cradle B2 on which the recovered pallet P1 is placed and a cradle B3 on which the replacement pallet P2 is placed are disposed so as to be movable up and down by an extension cylinder (not shown) over the columns B1 and B1.

  Further, from the cradles B2 and B3 toward the reversing machine A, a traveling beam B4 supported by pillars (not shown) at both ends is horizontally mounted substantially parallel to the base frame 3, and the traveling beam B4 A timing belt B5 is wound along the support belt B5, and a support arm B6 fixed to the timing belt B5 is reciprocated by a drive source B7 such as a motor. A pallet P1 and a replacement pallet P2 are mounted on the support arm B6. A sandwiching member B8 that is detachably sandwiched is attached, for example, by a telescopic cylinder B9 at both ends so as to be opened and closed.

  If this pinching member B8 is constituted by a freely rotatable roller as shown in the drawing, when the pallet P1 is recovered, the roller is moved closer to a position slightly higher than the fork insertion port and engaged. There is a function to lift the pallet P1 and it is easy to collect, and when supplying the replacement pallet P2, there is a function to place the replacement pallet P2 while lowering.

  Further, in the case of the illustrated example, the arrangement direction of the pallet changer B is set such that the collection direction of the pallet P1 and the supply direction of the replacement pallet P2 are in the radial direction of the ring frames 1, 1, that is, in the horizontal direction in the drawing. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the ring-shaped frame 1, 1 in which the recovery direction of the pallet P1 and the supply direction of the replacement pallet P2 appear to be C-shaped. 1 may be arranged so as to be in the direction of the central axis, that is, the front-rear direction in the drawing, and be parallel to the loading direction of the load C and the pallet P1.

  In this case, the collection and replacement of the pallet P2 for the pallet P1 and the loading of the cargo C and the pallet P1 can be performed in the same direction with respect to the ring-shaped frame bodies 1 and 1 of the reversing machine A. Even when A and the pallet changer B are continuously deployed, there is an advantage that the operation space of the entire apparatus can be stored in a minimum space and loading and unloading can be easily performed.

  Further, the one shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is different from those in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 in which the collection of the pallet P1 and the supply of the replacement pallet P2 must be performed manually or by forklift. Therefore, work efficiency can be greatly improved by saving labor for cargo handling work and shortening the work time required for pallet exchange.

In the previous embodiment, the pallet P1 on which the load C is placed by the reversing machine A is turned upside down as it is. However, the present invention is not limited to this, but the replacement pallet P2 is placed on the load C in advance, not shown. By flipping up and down with the load C sandwiched between the pallet P1, the pallet P1 may be reversed only by collecting the pallet P1.
In the illustrated example, the timing belt B5 is used for the pallet changer B. However, instead of this, for example, an air cylinder or the like may be used.

It is a front view of the pallet exchanging device showing one embodiment of the present invention. It is the same top view. It is the same side view. It is a vertical side view which partially enlarges and shows the positional relationship of a wheel and a chain. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the internal structure of a jack partially. It is a hydraulic piping diagram. It is a hydraulic circuit diagram. It is explanatory drawing which shows the balance of the output of a jack. (A)-(l) is a partial explanatory view which reduces and shows an operation state. It is a reduction | decrease front view of the pallet exchanging apparatus which shows the other Example of this invention, and has shown the case where the pallet exchanging machine is arrange | positioned continuously with the inversion machine. It is the same top view.

Explanation of symbols

A reversing machine B pallet changing machine C cargo C1 side face P1 pallet P2 replacement pallet 1 ring frame 1a opening 8 lower cradle 8b jack 8d cylinder 9 upper cradle 9b jack 9d cylinder 10 side cradle 10b jack

Claims (2)

The pallet (P1) on which the load (C) is placed is loaded and placed on the lower cradle (8) provided inside the ring-shaped frame (1), and the pallet (P1) and the load ( C) is sandwiched vertically between the lower cradle (8) and the upper cradle (9), and the side cradle (10) is in contact with the side surface (C1) of the load (C). In the pallet exchanging apparatus for replacing the pallet (P) and the replacement pallet (P2) by inverting the ring-shaped frame (1) while maintaining the state,
A part of the ring-shaped frame (1) is omitted, and an opening (1a) facing the side cradle (10) is opened in a C shape laterally from the center of the ring-shaped frame (1). The opening (1a) is moved from the lateral opening position through the upward opening position to the lateral opening position on the opposite side by 180 degrees as the ring frame (1) is reversed, and the ring frame (1 ) In the center axis direction center of the ring-shaped frame (1), the jack (8b) of the lower cradle (8) and the jack (9b) of the upper cradle (9) and the side A pallet exchanging apparatus characterized in that a jack (10b) of a cradle (10) is disposed and the cylinders (8d, 9d) of the jacks (8b, 9b) of the upper and lower cradles (8, 9) are connected by piping. . In a state where the ring-shaped frame (1) is reversed, the pallet (P1) placed on the load (C) with the reversal of the ring-shaped frame (1) facing the opening (1a). The pallet changer according to claim 1, further comprising a pallet changer (B) for automatically collecting and supplying a replacement pallet (P2) to replace it.

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