JP2005077002A - Combustion experimental device for synthetic resin product - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion experimental device capable of safely performing a combustion experiment of a synthetic resin product to analyze the combustion state. <P>SOLUTION: This device comprises a combustion chamber 1 having a grill opening 6 for introducing combustion air and an exhaust port 5 for exhaust gas, in which an object of combustion 2 is burnt; and a gas reflux passage 10 having a circulating fan 12 for extracting the gas from the combustion chamber 1 and returning it into the combustion chamber and a bag filter device 1 for removing soot in the extracted gas. The gas in the combustion chamber 1 is extracted to remove the soot in the extracted gas, and then returned to the combustion chamber 1 to circulate the gas in the combustion chamber 1, whereby the natural combustion state of the object of combustion 2 in the combustion chamber 1 is realized. Accordingly, the combustion experiment can be safely performed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion experimental apparatus for synthetic resin products.

  Conventionally, as a waste incineration treatment apparatus, a waste incineration facility comprising a waste incinerator for incineration of municipal waste and the like and an exhaust gas treatment apparatus thereof is generally known, and various configurations have been proposed (for example, patents). Reference 1).

As a typical configuration example of such a waste incineration facility, a waste heat boiler, a steam superheater, a flue connected to a secondary combustion chamber outlet of a waste incinerator such as a stoker furnace or a rotary drum combustion furnace, A device in which a economizer, an exhaust gas cooling device, a bag filter device, an exhaust gas cleaning device, an exhaust fan, and a heat exchanger for preventing white smoke are arranged in order is known.
JP 2001-347120 A

  By the way, if a synthetic resin product made of PP or ABS resin is incinerated with municipal waste in the above garbage incinerator, the combustion temperature of the incinerator becomes high and damages the incinerator. In many cases, it was disposed of separately. On the other hand, in an incinerator that incinerates synthetic resin products, it is necessary to install a combustion furnace that can withstand high combustion temperatures and a high-temperature combustion section for thermally decomposing dioxins that are generated. There is a problem that the cost becomes high and the running cost becomes high because a fuel for high-temperature combustion is required.

  Therefore, in order to develop a product with higher safety and combustibility in the event of a fire in the event of a fire in the case of synthetic resin products for office equipment, etc. Development of a combustion experimental device capable of analyzing the combustion state is desired.

  In view of the above-described conventional problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion experiment apparatus that can safely perform a combustion experiment of a synthetic resin product and analyze a combustion state.

  The synthetic resin product combustion experiment apparatus of the present invention has a combustion air inflow port and an exhaust gas exhaust port to combust the synthetic resin product inside, and draws out the gas in the combustion chamber and returns it to the combustion chamber. A gas circulation path having a circulation fan to be removed and a bag filter device for removing soot in the drawn gas.

  According to this configuration, by circulating the gas in the combustion chamber, the sudden combustion expansion of the synthetic resin product can be suppressed and the natural combustion state can be reliably realized, and the soot generated in large quantities by such suppressed natural combustion is gasified. Since it is removed by the bag filter device arranged in the circulation path, it is possible to accurately confirm and analyze the combustion state without occurrence of soot filling the combustion chamber, and exhaust gas from the exhaust port of the combustion chamber The amount of soot can be reduced, and the exhaust gas treatment at the subsequent stage can be easily performed.

  In addition, after the synthetic resin product is ignited in the combustion chamber, the exhaust gas is circulated through the circulation path without being sucked and discharged until the combustion is stabilized, and after the combustion is stabilized, the exhaust gas is sucked and discharged from the exhaust port. Combustion can be realized reliably and stably, and exhaust gas is discharged after realization, so that highly reliable exhaust gas treatment can be performed.

  In addition, it has a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the gas drawn from the combustion chamber, and when the circulation fan is controlled so that the detected temperature of the temperature detector becomes a predetermined temperature, the flow rate of the circulating gas is controlled by Combustion can be controlled and the temperature in the combustion chamber can be controlled within a predetermined temperature range. Further, it is possible to eliminate the possibility that the extracted gas temperature becomes high and damages the bag filter device.

  In addition, if the amount of gas drawn from the combustion chamber is controlled so that the temperature of the gas drawn from the combustion chamber becomes a predetermined temperature of 200 ° C. or less, the combustion of the synthetic resin product in the combustion chamber is suppressed and the natural combustion state is reliably ensured. It can be realized and is preferable.

  In addition, if an exhaust fan that sucks and discharges exhaust gas and an exhaust gas treatment device that has a means for removing dioxin and odorous components in the exhaust gas are connected to the exhaust port of the combustion chamber, the exhaust gas that has surely removed dioxin and odorous components can Can be discharged inside.

  Also, it has an outside air introduction regulating valve that introduces outside air into the exhaust port and a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port, so that the detected temperature of the temperature detector does not exceed a predetermined temperature. By controlling the opening degree of the outside air introduction regulating valve, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port can be controlled to a predetermined temperature or less, the recombination of dioxins can be reliably prevented, and the dioxin concentration in the exhaust gas is maintained low, Processing can be performed easily and reliably.

  In addition, if a temperature detector is installed in the upper part of the combustion chamber and a fire extinguishing device that sprays fire extinguishing liquid in the combustion chamber when the detected temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, even if the combustion chamber becomes above the predetermined temperature, The fire can be extinguished safely and reliably.

  In addition, if the combustion chamber has an observation window on the side wall, the combustion state can be visually observed from the outside or the image can be recognized with a camera, etc., and the combustion temperature does not exceed the predetermined temperature, so only general heat-resistant glass is used. And can be seen from a large observation window.

  In addition, when a harmful gas detection means for detecting harmful gas in the combustion chamber is provided, the generated harmful gas can be detected and analyzed, and safety when an operator enters the combustion chamber can be ensured.

  According to the synthetic resin product combustion experimental device of the present invention, by circulating the gas in the combustion chamber, it is possible to reliably realize the natural combustion state by suppressing the sudden expansion of the synthetic resin product, and to be generated by natural combustion. The soot is removed before it is returned to the combustion chamber, so that soot in the exhaust gas can be reduced. Therefore, clean exhaust gas can be discharged even by simple exhaust gas treatment at a later stage.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a synthetic resin product combustion experiment apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  1, 3, and 4, 1 is a combustion chamber for burning a combustion object 2 made of a synthetic resin product for office equipment, and a combustion table 3 on which the combustion object 2 is placed and combusted is located at the center in the lower part. Is installed. As shown in FIG. 3, an observation window 4 made of heat-resistant glass is disposed on the side wall of the combustion chamber 1 in order to visually check the combustion state. An exhaust port 5 is provided at the center of the ceiling, and a grill opening 6 for introducing combustion air is provided at the lower end of the side wall. An outside air introduction port 8 is connected to the exhaust port 5 via an outside air introduction adjustment valve 7 in order to adjust the temperature of exhaust gas discharged outside by introduction of outside air.

  An outlet 9a and an inlet 9b for gas circulation are provided on the upper and lower sides of one side wall of the combustion chamber 1, and the gas in the combustion chamber 1 is drawn out from the outlet 9a and passed through the bag filter device 11 to After the soot is removed, a gas circulation path 10 is provided that is pushed into the combustion chamber 1 from the inlet 9b by the circulation fan 12. The gas in the combustion chamber 1 is circulated with the soot removed in this gas circulation path 10 to suppress the combustion of the combustion object 2, to suppress the sudden expansion of the combustion, and to easily observe the combustion state doing. For this reason, the ambient temperature in the vicinity of the exhaust port 5 at the upper part of the combustion chamber 1 is controlled to 200 ° C. or lower.

  A sprinkler 13 is disposed above the combustion chamber 1 so as to extinguish water when the atmospheric temperature in the combustion chamber 1 rises abnormally, and is connected to a fire extinguishing facility 15 via an open / close control valve 14. The on-off control valve 14 opens so that the temperature detector 16 disposed in the vicinity of the exhaust port 5 and the temperature detector 17 disposed between the outlet 9a and the bag filter device 11 are respectively higher than a predetermined temperature. It is configured.

The combustion chamber 1 is provided with an HCl meter 18 and a CO / O ₂ meter 19 for monitoring the HCl concentration of the internal atmosphere and the ratio of the CO concentration and the O ₂ concentration.

  An exhaust gas pipe 20 is connected to the exhaust port 5. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, the exhaust gas pipe 20 includes a temperature detector 21 that detects the temperature of the exhaust gas, and activated carbon in the exhaust gas. Powder processing unit 22 for spraying mixed powder of slaked lime and slaked lime, a flow rate adjusting valve 23 for exhaust gas, a bag filter device 24 for removing powder in the exhaust gas, and a heat exchanger for cooling the exhaust gas by heat exchange with the outside air 25, an exhaust fan 26, and an exhaust gas treatment device 33 in which an activated carbon adsorbing portion 27 for adsorbing and removing odorous components through exhaust gas is disposed in this order.

  According to the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas pipe line 20 detected by the temperature detector 21, the outside air introduction adjustment valve 7, the flow rate adjustment valve 23, and the blower fan 25b of the heat exchanger 25 described later are controlled. It is configured.

  The treatment powder supply unit 22 includes a storage tank 22a containing a mixed powder obtained by mixing activated carbon and slaked lime powder at 50:50, a pressure feed fan 22b, a treatment powder supply port provided in the exhaust gas pipeline 20, and a pressure feed fan 22b. In addition, the mixed powder is formed by a transport pipe 22c connected to the discharge port of the storage tank 22a in the middle, and is put on an air flow that is pumped from the pressure feed fan 22b through the transport pipe 22c into the exhaust gas pipe 20. Are pneumatically conveyed and sprayed into the exhaust gas pipe 20.

  The bag filter device 24 is configured to separate and recover the soot in the exhaust gas and the powder supplied by spraying with the bag filter 24b accommodated in the hopper portion 24a, and the compressed air supplied from the compressor 28 to the bag filter. 24b is provided with a backwashing mechanism 24c that jets in a pulse shape in the direction opposite to the exhaust gas flow direction, backwashes the bag filter 24b, and drops and recovers the bag filter 24b into the hopper 24a. The bag filter device 11 similarly includes a hopper portion 11a, a bag filter 11b, and a backwash mechanism 11c.

  The heat exchanger 25 includes a heat exchange unit 25a, a blower fan 25b that blows outside air for heat exchange to the heat exchange unit 25a, a filter 25c that removes dust in the outside air and supplies the dust to the blower fan 25b, and a blower fan An inverter control unit 25d of 25b is provided, and a detection signal of the temperature detector 21 is input to the inverter control unit 25d.

  The activated carbon adsorbing unit 27 is a fixed bed type filled with activated carbon such as powder, crushed charcoal, granular (pellet), etc., and is composed of a neutral activated carbon layer 27a made of preceding ordinary charcoal and a subsequent acidic gas adsorbing charcoal. An acidic activated carbon layer 27b, and configured to adsorb and remove acidic fine particles, which are odorous components remaining in the exhaust gas. And the exhaust gas which passed this activated carbon adsorption part 27 is discharge | released in air | atmosphere.

  2, an odor sensor 29 is provided at the outlet of the activated carbon adsorption unit 27, and a flow path switching device 30 is provided in front of the exhaust gas discharge port. When the odor component more than a predetermined amount remains, the flow path switching device 30 is operated, the exhaust gas is recirculated to the position before the processing powder supply unit 22 through the reflux line 31, and the process is repeated again. Also good.

  Further, by disposing the line mixer 32 in the vicinity of the outlet of the treated powder supply unit 22, the activated carbon and the slaked lime are evenly dispersed in the exhaust gas, and the activated carbon and the slaked lime are effectively brought into contact with the entire exhaust gas. It is preferable to ensure that the adsorption of dioxin and the neutralization reaction of the acid gas are performed.

  Next, the operation will be described. A combustion object 2 made of a synthetic resin product for office equipment is placed on the combustion table 3 and ignited to start combustion. At that time, the exhaust fan 26 does not operate at the initial stage of combustion, and only the circulation fan 12 is operated without exhausting from the exhaust port 5 and the atmosphere in the combustion chamber 1 is circulated. Let As a result, a large amount of soot is generated, but the generated soot is removed by the bag filter device 11 while the exhaust gas is circulated.

Further, when the combustion chamber 1 is in an excessive combustion state and the ambient temperature becomes abnormally high, and the temperature detected by the temperature detector 16 near the exhaust port 5 exceeds 200 ° C., the opening / closing control valve 14 is opened. Then, fire extinguishing water is supplied from the fire extinguishing equipment 15 to the sprinkler 13, and water is sprayed to extinguish the fire. Thereby, also in the combustion chamber 1 which has the observation window 4 which consists of glass windows, a combustion experiment can be performed safely. Further, since the atmosphere in the combustion chamber 1 is monitored by the HCl meter 18 and the CO / O ₂ meter 19, safety is ensured when an operator enters the combustion chamber 1.

When combustion in the low oxygen state in the combustion chamber 1 is stabilized, the exhaust fan 26 is operated and the exhaust gas is sucked from the exhaust port 5 while maintaining the combustion state in the low oxygen state due to the exhaust gas circulation by the circulation fan 12. And discharged to the exhaust gas line 20. The ratio of the exhaust gas flow rate to be circulated and the exhaust gas flow rate discharged from the exhaust port 5 is about circulation 7: discharge 3. The exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port 5 has, for example, a maximum of about 40 m ³ N / min, and has a composition of SO ₂ of 60 ppm, HCl of 1053 ppm, dioxin of 10 ng-TEQ / m ³ N, and dust of 240 mg / m ^3. About N is contained. Further, the opening degree of the outside air introduction adjustment valve 7 is adjusted according to the temperature detected by the temperature detector 21 so that the gas temperature becomes 40 to 200 ° C., and the bag filter device is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 23. 24 is prevented from overheating.

First, a mixed powder of activated carbon and slaked lime is sprayed and supplied to the exhaust gas discharged to the exhaust gas pipe 20 by the processing powder supply unit 22. The activated carbon and slaked lime come into contact with the exhaust gas, and dioxins are adsorbed and removed by the activated carbon powder, and the acidic gas reacts with the slaked lime to be neutralized and absorbed. The supply amount of the mixed powder exhibits a sufficient effect, for example, at about 100 to 300 mg / m ³ . Further, when the exhaust gas and the mixed powder are stirred and mixed immediately after the supply of the mixed powder, the opportunity of contact between the exhaust gas and these powders increases, and these actions are promoted and more effectively adsorbed. -Neutralization is performed.

  The activated carbon powder that has adsorbed dioxin and the slaked lime powder that has been neutralized with the acid gas are removed from the exhaust gas by the next bag filter device 24. Next, the exhaust gas is heat-exchanged with the outside air in the heat exchanger 25 and cooled from about 80 ° C. to about 40 ° C. Thus, by the exhaust gas temperature being cooled to 40 ° C. or less, the next adsorption at the activated carbon adsorption unit 27 is effectively performed.

Next, the exhaust gas is adsorbed with fine particles (neutral odor component) in the exhaust gas in the neutral activated carbon layer 27a in the previous stage of the activated carbon adsorbing portion 27, and further in the subsequent acidic activated carbon layer 27b in which the odor component SO ₂ or Acidic fine particles such as HCl are reliably removed by adsorption. The exhaust gas thus purified and from which odorous components are removed is released into the atmosphere.

By the above treatment, for example, compared to the exhaust gas composition at the exhaust port 5, SO ₂ is reduced from 60 ppm to 40 ppm, HCl is reduced from 1053 ppm to 430 ppm, dioxin is changed from 10 ng-TEQ / m ³ N to 5 ng-TEQ / m to ³ N or less, it is possible to reduce the dust from 240 mg / m ³ N below 10 mg / m ³ N. Thus, without using a wet scrubber that requires wastewater treatment, it can be released into the atmosphere in a state that satisfies environmental standards.

  In the description of the above embodiment, an example in which the ratio of the activated carbon and slaked lime of the mixed powder supplied from the processing powder supply unit 22 is 50:50 is shown, but depending on the nature of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port 5 of the combustion chamber 1 Needless to say, the composition of slaked lime may be increased when the concentration of acid gas is high, for example. Moreover, although the example which provided the activated carbon layer 27a and the acidic activated carbon layer 27b for the activated carbon adsorption part 27 was shown, it cannot be overemphasized that the activated carbon layer for alkalis etc. may be provided further.

  The synthetic resin product combustion experiment apparatus according to the present invention is to analyze the combustion state by suppressing the rapid combustion expansion of the synthetic resin product by circulating the gas in the combustion chamber to safely realize the natural combustion state. It is useful for combustion experiments of various synthetic resin products.

It is a schematic block diagram of the surroundings of the combustion chamber of one Embodiment of the synthetic resin product combustion experiment apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the waste gas processing part of the embodiment. It is a plane layout view of the combustion treatment apparatus of the same embodiment. It is an AA arrow elevational view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Combustion chamber 2 Combustion target (synthetic resin product)
4 Observation window 5 Exhaust port 6 Grill opening (inlet)
7 External air introduction adjustment valve 10 Gas circulation path 11 Bag filter device 12 Circulation fan 15 Fire extinguishing equipment 16 Temperature detector 17 Temperature detector 18 HCl meter 19 CO / O ₂ meter 21 Temperature detector 26 Exhaust fan 33 Exhaust gas treatment device

Claims (9)

Combustion chamber with combustion air inlet and exhaust gas exhaust, combustion chamber for combustion of synthetic resin products, circulation fan for drawing gas in the combustion chamber and returning it to the combustion chamber, and removal of soot in the drawn gas A combustion experiment apparatus for synthetic resin products, comprising: a gas circulation path having a bag filter device that performs the same. 2. The exhaust gas is circulated through a circulation path without sucking and discharging until the combustion is stabilized after the synthetic resin product is ignited in the combustion chamber, and the exhaust gas is sucked and discharged from the exhaust port after the combustion is stabilized. Combustion experiment apparatus for the described synthetic resin product. The temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the gas drawn out from the combustion chamber is provided, and the operation of the circulation fan is controlled so that the temperature detected by the temperature detector becomes a predetermined temperature. Combustion experiment equipment for synthetic resin products. 4. The synthetic resin product combustion experiment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the amount of gas drawn from the combustion chamber is controlled so that the temperature of the gas drawn from the combustion chamber becomes a predetermined temperature of 200 [deg.] C. or less. 5. An exhaust gas treatment apparatus having an exhaust fan for sucking and exhausting exhaust gas and means for removing dioxins and odorous components in the exhaust gas is connected to an exhaust port of the combustion chamber. Experimental apparatus for combustion of synthetic resin products. Has an outside air introduction adjustment valve that introduces outside air into the exhaust port and a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port, and introduces outside air so that the detected temperature of the temperature detector does not exceed the predetermined temperature 6. The synthetic resin product combustion experiment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the opening degree of the regulating valve is controlled. The synthetic resin according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a temperature detector and a fire extinguishing device for spraying a fire extinguishing liquid into the combustion chamber when the detected temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature are provided in an upper part of the combustion chamber. Product combustion experiment equipment. The combustion chamber experimental apparatus for synthetic resin products according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the combustion chamber has an observation window on a side wall. The synthetic resin product combustion experiment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a harmful gas detection means for detecting harmful gas in the combustion chamber.

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