JP2005062136A - Mustard detector - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily detect and measure mustard having a concentration of a level affecting a living organism. <P>SOLUTION: This detector is provided with a thermal decomposition furnace 1 for heating inspected gas to 300°C or more, a detecting material S for detecting gas from the thermal decomposition furnace 1, and a measuring head 13 for detecting an optical concentration of the detecting material S, and the detecting material S is constituted by developing a hydrogen ion indicator and a humectant on a carrier. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting mustard which is a kind of erosive poison gas.

Erosive toxic gases used in crimes such as terrorism have serious effects on living organisms, such as the human body, at extremely low concentrations. Therefore, they are detected with high sensitivity and selectivity and as soon as possible. It will be necessary.
In other words, if the situation progresses without knowing the cause, the damage will expand and human lives will be lost. It must be determined what is the causative substance (toxic substance) that causes poisoning as soon as possible. Appropriate treatment cannot be performed only from information on the symptoms of the victim's diagnosis. If you know the type of poison, you can take as many measures as possible, including the administration of antidote and treatment. An extremely low concentration of erosive poisoning gas can be accurately detected by an analytical instrument that can be used at the laboratory level, such as a chromatograph, but it is difficult to use in crime scenes.

Although detection of such a poison gas with a very low concentration of about 0.1 mg / cubic meter can be easily detected by a practical analytical instrument such as a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer at a laboratory level, it is difficult to use in a crime scene. .
For this reason, the application of detection means that can be easily used in the field, such as various gas sensors and detector tubes, has been studied, but it has not yet reached a sufficient sensitivity for practical use. In order to determine whether or not poisonous gas exists, canary was used as a sensor, but it is very impossible to obtain data necessary for countermeasures such as concentration, type, and distribution status.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a novel mustard detection apparatus capable of easily detecting in the field a mustard having a concentration of about 0.1 mg / cubic meter that affects living organisms. That is.

  In order to solve such a problem, in the present invention, a pyrolysis furnace that heats a test gas to a temperature of 300 ° C. or higher, a detection material that detects gas from the pyrolysis furnace, and an optical density of the detection material And an optical density detection means for detecting the above, and the detection material is constituted by developing a hydrogen ion indicator and a humectant on a carrier.

The mustard is heated to a temperature of 300 ° C to generate hydrochloric acid, which can be detected as a change in optical density by reacting with a detection material, so that it can be used in the field without the need for special analysis techniques or equipment. It becomes.
In addition, by simply changing the sampling time, it is possible to cope with detection that emphasizes urgency and detection that emphasizes accuracy with the same apparatus.

Therefore, details of the present invention will be described below based on the illustrated embodiment.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. A pyrolysis furnace 1 is configured by winding a heater 3 around a reaction tube 2 having an inlet 2a connected to a sampling region, and an outlet 2b is provided. It is connected to a measuring head of the detecting means 10 described later.

  The detecting means 10 includes a tape conveying mechanism 14 for conveying the detection material S to a measuring head 13 as an optical density detecting means having a light emitting element 11 and a light receiving element 12 at regular intervals, and a negative from the sampling pump 15. The suction head 16 is configured to receive pressure and bring the test gas into contact with the detection material S in cooperation with the measurement head 13. In addition, the code | symbol 17 in a figure shows the intermittent drive part for sending out a fixed quantity of the unused area | region of the detection material S to a measurement area | region.

  By the way, the detection material S has a hydrogen ion concentration indicator, for example, methyl red 0.22 wt%, a buffer solution 17.5 ml, and a moisturizing agent, for example, 15 ml of polyhydric alcohol such as glycerin or ethylene glycol, so that the total amount becomes 100 ml. It is configured by impregnating a filter paper made of cellulose into a coloring solution dissolved in an easily evaporable organic solvent such as methanol and volatilizing the organic solvent.

  In addition to methyl orange, methanol yellow, azaline yellow, benzyl yellow, methyl yellow, methyl red, benzyl orange, tropeoline, and bromophenol blue can be used as the hydrogen ion indicator.

  This detection material S is cut into a tape shape and housed in a cassette case for continuous measurement, or formed into a piece of paper and stored in an airtight bag, and taken out from the airtight bag whenever necessary and batched. It can be used for measurement.

  In this embodiment, the suction head 16 is lowered, the detection material S is inserted between the measurement head 13, the suction head 16 is raised again, and the suction pressure of the sampling pump 15 acts on the region facing the measurement head 13. Set as follows.

  Next, when the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is maintained at about 500 ° C. and air containing mustard with a concentration of about 0.1 mg / cubic meter is sucked for 30 seconds, the mustard generates hydrochloric acid by the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the detection material It passes from one surface of S to the other surface and reacts with the color former carried on the detection material S. At this time, silica gel or a humectant serving as a detection material accelerates the reaction.

  When the sampling time elapses in this way and the difference between the optical density before the gas is passed is detected by the light emitting element 11 and the light receiving element 12 of the measuring head 13, as shown in FIG. A detection output of about 27% of the optical saturation density of was obtained.

  Of course, it is possible to detect a mustard having an extremely low concentration without requiring a special analysis technique by simply supplying a power source sufficient to drive the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the detection means 10 from a commercial power source or a battery. It can be used in crime scenes and other fields.

  In the above-described embodiment, the sampling time is set to 30 seconds. However, the balance between the urgency and the detection sensitivity is shortened to such an extent that the change in optical density can be detected when urgency is required. If the sampling time is appropriately changed, such as extending the concentration when it is necessary to know the concentration accurately, detection suitable for the application becomes possible.

  In the above-described embodiment, the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is set to 500 ° C., but as shown in FIG. 2, it can be detected if it is 300 ° C. or higher, and the upper limit temperature is the sensitivity. It is desirable to limit to about 700 ° C. from the relationship between the rate of increase in energy and energy.

It is a block diagram which shows one Example of this invention. It is a diagram which shows the relationship between the temperature of a pyrolysis furnace, and a detection sensitivity.

Explanation of symbols

  1 Pyrolysis furnace 10 Detection means 13 Measuring head S Detection material

Claims (2)

A pyrolysis furnace for heating the test gas to a temperature of 300 ° C. or higher, a detection material for detecting the gas from the pyrolysis furnace, and an optical density detection means for detecting the optical density of the detection material,
A mustard detection device in which the detection material is configured by developing a hydrogen ion indicator and a humectant on a carrier.   The hydrogen ion indicator is one selected from the group consisting of methyl orange, methanol yellow, azaline yellow, benzyl yellow, methyl yellow, methyl red, benzyl orange, tropeoline, and bromophenol blue. The mustard detection device according to claim 1, wherein the carrier is a paper sheet made of cellulose.

Images