JP2005061653A - Device for supplying matter to be burned to combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for supplying a matter to be burned to a combustion furnace capable of maintaining air-tightness inside and outside the combustion furnace by preventing the matter to be burned from being caught by an opening/closing device. <P>SOLUTION: A supply passage 13 to a fluidized bed combustion furnace 20 is provided with three stages of dampers 31 (an upper-stage damper 31A, a middle-stage damper 31B and a lower-stage damper 31C) in a flow passage direction with the predetermined interval, and provided with a control device 32 for controlling to open/close the dampers 31. The control device 32 is structured to supply fuel by controlling the dampers to open/close so that the upper-stage damper 31A and the middle-stage damper 31B are not opened at the same time and that the middle-stage damper 31B and the lower-stage damper 31C are not opened at the same time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an incinerator supply device that supplies an incinerator to a combustion furnace such as an incinerator or a boiler.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, as a combustion furnace such as an incinerator or a coal fired boiler that incinerates combustible waste, a fluidized bed combustion furnace that injects fuel into a fluidized bed in which a granular fluidized medium is fluidized by an updraft and burns it. Many have come to be used.
[0003]
The fluidized bed combustion furnace has an excellent feature that it can burn even with a fuel having a large particle size and does not require flue gas desulfurization by simultaneous desulfurization in the furnace by using a desulfurizing agent such as limestone as a fluid medium.
[0004]
In such a fluidized bed combustion furnace, the internal pressure is different from the outside. That is, in the case of an incinerator, the internal pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure, and in the case of a fluidized bed gasification furnace in which combustible materials are combusted in a fluidized bed, the internal pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure.
[0005]
For this reason, it is necessary to input the combusted material while keeping the inside and outside of the combustion apparatus airtight. For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a double damper (opening / closing device) is provided in the supply path of the combusted material. By giving a time difference to the opening and closing, the internal high-temperature and high-pressure gas flows backward through the burned material supply path, or external air flows into the furnace through the burned material supply path. Is preventing.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-56822
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even when a switch is provided in the supply path for the combustible as in the conventional case, there is a problem that if any one of the switchgear bites the combustible, the airtightness cannot be maintained. It was. In the case of combustibles that are irregular in shape and irregular in size, such as waste, this is particularly serious.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides an apparatus for supplying a combusted material to a combustion furnace that can prevent the combusted material from being caught in an opening / closing device and maintain airtightness inside and outside the combustion furnace. For the purpose.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The combustion object supply device of the present invention that achieves the above object is provided with a three-stage opening and closing device at a predetermined interval in the combustion substance supply path to the combustion furnace and at a predetermined interval in the flow path direction. A control device for controlling the opening and closing of each of the devices, the control device does not open the first-stage opening and closing device and the second-stage opening and closing device at the same time, and the second-stage opening and closing device and the three-stage opening and closing device The eye opening / closing device is configured to supply fuel by opening / closing control so as not to be opened at the same time.
[0010]
With this configuration, the supply amount per operation of the combusted material is defined by the first-stage switchgear, and the combustible is placed in the combustion furnace while maintaining airtightness in either the second-stage or third-stage switchgear. Supply.
[0011]
Further, the combustible storage capacity between the second stage switchgear and the third stage switchgear is set to be larger than the combustible capacity between the first stage switchgear and the second stage switchgear. It is characterized by being.
[0012]
With this configuration, the combustible material between the first-stage opening / closing device and the second-stage opening / closing device is reliably accommodated between the second-stage opening / closing device and the third-stage opening / closing device.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing a fluidized bed combustion apparatus to which one structural example of a supply apparatus for a combustible to a combustion furnace according to the present invention is applied.
[0014]
The illustrated fluidized bed combustion apparatus 1 burns fuel 2 such as wood chips and waste tires as combustibles supplied by a supply mechanism 10 in a fluidized bed combustion furnace 20 as a combustion apparatus.
[0015]
The supply mechanism 10 stores fuel and a bunker 11 provided with a feeder 11A and a cutter 11B, a conveyor 12 that continuously conveys the fuel 2 discharged from the bunker 11 by an endless belt, and fluidized bed combustion. The fuel supply device 30 is provided in a supply path 13 as a combustible supply path connected to the furnace 20, and the fuel stored in the bunker 11 is sent to the supply path 13 via the transport conveyor 12, and the fuel supply apparatus 30 is put into the furnace main body 21 by a predetermined amount while maintaining the airtightness of the front and rear.
[0016]
The fluidized bed combustion furnace 20 blows ascending air into the granular fluid medium accommodated in the furnace main body 21 to form a fluidized bed 21A, and burns the fuel input through the supply path 13 in the fluidized bed 21A.
[0017]
Here, the fuel supply device 30 includes dampers 31 (upper damper 31A, middle damper 31B, lower damper 31C) as three sets of opening and closing devices interposed in the supply path 13, and a control device 32 that controls the opening and closing thereof. It is composed of
[0018]
The damper 31 is provided so as to be able to open and close the supply path 13, and includes a door body 31 a and driving means 31 b such as a hydraulic cylinder that drives the door body 31 a to open and close. The drive means 31b of each damper 31 is driven and controlled independently by the control device 32.
[0019]
The middle-stage damper 31B and the lower-stage damper 31C are provided with an airtight mechanism for maintaining the airtightness before and after the supply path 13 when the supply path 13 is closed by the door body 31a. If it is in the closed state, the air supply upstream and downstream of the fuel supply device 30 can be maintained.
[0020]
The control device 32 controls the drive so that the upper damper 31A and the middle damper 31B are not simultaneously opened, and the middle damper 31B and the lower damper 31C are not simultaneously opened, and is supplied to the supply path 13. Fuel is introduced into the fluidized bed incinerator 20 while keeping the inside and outside airtight.
[0021]
That is, as shown in FIG. 2A, which is a time chart, the upper damper 31A is opened and closed for a predetermined time with the middle damper 31B closed, and then the intermediate damper 31B is closed after a predetermined closing overlap time: OL has elapsed. Is opened for a predetermined time and then closed, and further, a predetermined closing overlap time: after the passage of OL, the lower damper 31C is opened for a predetermined time and closed. As a result, the fuel on the upper side of the upper damper 31A moves to the upper damper 31B by opening the upper damper 31A, then moves to the lower damper 31C by opening the middle damper 31B, and finally flows by opening the lower damper 31B. It is thrown into the layer incinerator 20.
[0022]
Such a fuel charging process defines the amount of fuel that moves to the middle damper 31B by opening and closing the upper damper 31A, and sequentially opens the fuel so that the middle damper 31B and the lower damper 31C are not simultaneously opened, and then goes downstream. The amount of fuel input in the one-feed process determined by the opening time of the upper damper 31A is set to be smaller than the amount of fuel retained by the lower damper 31C (the fuel storage capacity between the lower damper 31C and the middle damper 31B). Thus, it is possible to prevent air from being caught by the middle stage damper 31B and maintain airtightness.
[0023]
In addition, the fuel holding amount by the lower damper 31C (fuel holding capacity between the lower damper 31C and the middle damper 31B) is larger than the fuel holding amount by the middle damper 31B (the fuel holding capacity between the middle damper 31B and the upper damper 31A). May be set. According to this, the amount of fuel that moves to the lower damper 31C by opening the middle damper 31B is inevitably smaller than the amount of fuel retained by the lower damper 31C, and the middle damper 31B can keep airtight without biting the fuel. . That is, even if the entire amount of fuel retained by the middle damper 31B moves on the lower damper 31C, the middle damper 31B can be closed without biting the fuel.
[0024]
The control of the damper 31 by the control device 32 is not limited to the above configuration example. For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, at the time of fuel injection when the lower damper 31C is opened (when the middle damper 31B is closed), the upper damper 31A is simultaneously opened to move the fuel onto the middle damper 31B, and this is repeated. Can be done more quickly and rationally.
[0025]
In addition, the damper 31 may be configured by connecting each of the dampers 31A, 31B, and 31C with a linkage so that one or two actuators of the driving means are provided.
[0026]
Further, in the above configuration example, the present application is applied to a fluidized bed combustion furnace, but it is needless to say that the present invention may be applied to other types of combustion furnaces having a pressure difference between inside and outside.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the apparatus for supplying a combusted material to a combustion furnace according to the present invention, the opening and closing device is provided in three stages and at predetermined intervals in the flow path direction in the combusted material supply path to the combustion furnace. And a control device for controlling the opening and closing of each of the three-stage opening / closing devices. The control device does not open the first-stage opening / closing device and the second-stage opening / closing device at the same time, and Since the switchgear and the third-stage switchgear are controlled to be opened and closed so as not to be opened at the same time, fuel is supplied by the first-stage switchgear. The supply amount is regulated and the burned material can be supplied to the combustion furnace while maintaining airtightness in either the second stage or the third stage switchgear, and the bite of the burnt object into the switchgear is prevented. The airtightness inside and outside the combustion furnace can be maintained.
[0028]
Further, the combustible storage capacity between the second stage switchgear and the third stage switchgear is set to be larger than the combustible capacity between the first stage switchgear and the second stage switchgear. As a result, the combustible material between the first-stage switchgear and the second-stage switchgear is reliably accommodated between the second-stage switchgear and the third-stage switchgear. It is possible to completely prevent the second stage opening / closing device from being caught and maintain the inside and outside of the combustion furnace.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing a fluidized bed combustion apparatus to which a structural example of a supply apparatus for a combusted material to a combustion furnace according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a time chart of the switchgear.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Fluidized bed combustor 2 Fuel (combustible material)
13 Supply path (combustible supply path)
20 Fluidized bed combustion furnace (combustion furnace)
31 Damper (Opening and closing device)
31A Upper damper (open / close device)
31B Middle damper (opening / closing device)
31C Lower damper (opening / closing device)
32 Controller

Claims (2)

The combustion object supply path to the combustion furnace is provided with a control device for controlling the opening and closing of the three-stage opening and closing devices, and the opening and closing devices are provided at predetermined intervals in three stages and in the flow path direction, respectively.
In the control device, the first-stage opening / closing device and the second-stage opening / closing device are not opened simultaneously, and the second-stage opening / closing device and the third-stage opening / closing device are not opened simultaneously. An apparatus for supplying a combustible material to a combustion apparatus, wherein the fuel is supplied under open / close control. The combustible storage capacity between the second stage switchgear and the third stage switchgear is set larger than the combustible capacity between the first stage switchgear and the second stage switchgear. The apparatus for supplying a combustible to the combustion apparatus according to claim 1.

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