JP2005060287A - Scab-controlling material for potato or the like and controlling method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an agricultural material for suppressing or controlling scab of potato or the like without using any agrochemicals, and to provide a controlling method using the agricultural material. <P>SOLUTION: The agricultural material for controlling scab of potato or the like comprises microorganisms having the activity against scab as active ingredient. In the agricultural material, the microorganisms are preferably bacteria, Streptomyces, filamentous fungi or yeast. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a control material and a control method for scab diseases such as potato.

Potato scab is a disease of potato tuber caused by Streptomyces actinomycetes. It is a very old disease first reported by Taxter in 1891, and since then it has been widely confirmed in various parts of the world. For example, in Japan, Hokkaido begins with the 1906 Hokkaido Agricultural Journal. It is currently occurring in potato cultivation areas in Hokkaido. In the survey of the Hokkaido Pest Control Center in 1997, the occurrence area was 23,738 ha (occurrence area rate 36.5%) and the damage area was 6,132 ha (damage area rate 9.4). %). Since the pathogen causes many fleck-like lesions on the surface of the potato (tuber), the commercial value of the edible or processing potato is significantly reduced. In addition, there is a survey result that the starch value in the tubers decreases as the severity of the disease increases, and that in severely diseased tubers, it decreases by 14.2% against disease free. Based on this, simply calculating the amount of damage caused by 1992 raw potatoes, it is actually 270 million yen.
In recent years, Japan and other countries have been working on the countermeasures against such damage. However, since this disease is a soil disease that is difficult to control, sufficient control measures have not yet been established.

  In recent years, pesticide regulations are becoming stricter, and the use of pesticides tends to be disliked from the viewpoint of consumers and environmental issues, and materials that can control crop diseases instead of pesticides are now required. Furthermore, there is a strong demand for materials that can be used for seeds and can also save labor.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural material for suppressing or controlling scabs such as potato without using an agricultural chemical, and a control method using the agricultural material.

The present invention relates to a scab control material such as potato, which contains a microorganism having anti-activity against scab as an active ingredient.
The present invention also relates to a method for controlling scab, such as potato, in which the above-described scab control material is applied to seed potatoes and coated seeds.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the microorganisms include bacteria, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi, and yeast.
Moreover, the microorganisms include those belonging to the genus Bacillus.

  Furthermore, the present invention includes those in which the bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus is B-2668 (microorganism accession number FERMP-11179) and / or B-2612 (microorganism accession number FERMP-10825).

  Further, the present invention includes those obtained by adsorbing microorganisms having anti-activity against common scab on a carrier, those in which the carrier is Okinawa limestone (coral), and those in which the coral mesh is 1,000 μm to 0.1 μm.

B-2668 (microorganism accession number FERMP-11179) was used as a microorganism having anti-activity against common scab, and this was adsorbed to Okinawa limestone (coral) finely ground to 0.1 μm as a single carrier.
The microbe-adsorbed coral fine powder and seed potato were mixed and stirred in a mixer to sufficiently adhere the fine powder to the cut surface of the seed potato.
We have cultivated seed potatoes to which coral fine powder adhered to microorganisms has been attached, and were able to effectively control potato scab.

  Examples of the present invention are shown below, but these are given for illustrative purposes and the present invention is not limited thereby.

This example was tested by adsorbing this material on the cut surface of seed pods and controlling or controlling common scab without using pesticides.

* How to express the degree of disease. Normal type: Brown, cork-shaped flecks with a diameter of about 5 to 10 mm are formed on the tuber surface. Only the area around the cork lesion is slightly raised.
Cave type: The size and color of the lesion are almost the same as the normal type, but the inside of the cork lesion is depressed about 5 mm, and the surroundings are slightly raised.
Raised type: brown, cork-shaped lesions having a diameter of about 10 mm are formed on the surface of the tuber to a height of about 3 to 5 mm.

Although the above is a disease symptom, without classifying each, the grade value was divided into four stages as follows, and the disease severity was confirmed.
0: healthy, 1: brown spot, 2: brown spot, 3: cork.
In addition, 10 individuals were randomly examined from each test group, and the average value was defined as the severity of disease.

以上の様に、本資材を用いた結果、ジャガイモそうか病に関して、抑制ないし防除効果が認められた。

As described above, as a result of using this material, a suppression or control effect was observed for potato scab.

Claims (8)

  A scab control material such as potato, which contains as an active ingredient a microorganism having an activity against scab.   2. The scab control material according to claim 1, wherein the microorganism is a bacterium, actinomycete, filamentous fungus or yeast.   The scab control material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the microorganism is a bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus.   The microorganism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus is B-2668 (microorganism accession number FERMP-11179) and / or B-2612 (microorganism accession number FERMP-10825). Disease control material.   The scab control material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a microorganism having anti-activity against scab is adsorbed on a carrier.   The scab control material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the carrier is Okinawa limestone (coral).   The scab control material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the coral mesh is 1,000 µm to 0.1 µm.   A method for controlling scab, such as potato, wherein the scab control material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is applied to seed potatoes and coat seeds.