JP2005055151A - Firing charge, and its loading method and ignition stabilization method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a firing charge capable of being simultaneously loaded with a bullet in both manual loading and automatic loading without improving the strength of a burnable container. <P>SOLUTION: This firing charge comprises a plurality of unit charges, a base charge arranged on one end side of the unit charges, a cap arranged on the other end surface side, and a cylindrical support body having a plurality of ignition holes. Each unit charge comprises a gun powder contained in a burnable container, and the base charge comprises a gun powder contained in a burnable container within a metallic cartridge case. The support body contains an ignition means, and it is provided to communicate with the unit charges and the base charge. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to a projectile charge used in a separate loading system for field guns, particularly guns mainly composed of a howitzer, a method for loading a gun, and a method for stabilizing ignition.
Here, the separation loading method refers to a loading method for a gun when a bullet is not fixed to the cartridge case.

In recent years, there has been proposed a launch system that uses unit charges (also referred to as modules) having the same shape as field guns, and changes the number of unit charges in accordance with the distance to the target.
As shown in FIG. 8, as a unit charge used in this system, a propellant 29 is accommodated in a burnout container 27, and has an ignition passage 30 on the central axis 7 of the container. There is known a unit charge 26 in which an ignition powder 28 is provided on a wall in contact with a container (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
When the unit charges are combined and loaded into the gun chamber, the shape of each unit charge is the same, so that it can be loaded in either direction, which is excellent in loading workability.

However, since the ignition charge must be arranged on the ignition passage side of each unit charge, a complicated assembly process is required and the manufacturing cost is increased.
If the unit charge and bullet are to be loaded into the gun chamber at the same time, that is, if the bullet is pushed out from the unit charge side via the unit charge by the push rod for loading, the unit charge container is constructed. There was a risk that the burnout container would be damaged and the container could be damaged. For this purpose, bullets and projectile charge have been separately loaded using a loading push rod.
In addition, when multiple unit charges are loaded into the gun, if there is a gap between the firing tube (not shown in the figure) and the unit charge or between unit charges, ignition delays between unit charges at the time of ignition There was a concern that the time would increase and the ignition time would become non-uniform, and abnormal cavity pressure due to differential pressure would occur, which in turn would affect the shooting performance.

Also known is a method of using a plug-type connecting member for connecting unit charges in order to prevent gaps or voids between unit charges (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
It is also known that one end face of a unit charge is molded into a male mold and at the same time the other end face is formed into a female mold and a plurality of unit charges are connected by fitting the male mold and the female mold ( For example, see Patent Document 3).

However, in the case of using a plug-type connecting member, in any case where the end faces are connected by fitting, if the projectile is loaded into the gun chamber simultaneously with the bullet, the load is placed on the container of the projectile. For this reason, the container may still be broken.
In order to increase the strength of the container so that the container is not damaged, it is necessary to reduce the ratio of nitrocellulose which is a component of the container to increase the amount of resin, or to increase the density or thickness of the container. All of these operations reduce the burnability of the container, and there is a problem that combustion residue tends to occur.
In Patent Document 3, in the case of the launch charge disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to ignite the unit charge simultaneously in any case where the plug-type connecting member of Patent Document 2 is used for connection. It is stated.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-31276 (first page to second page, FIG. 1) German Patent No. 3737704 (first page) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-118793 (page 2)

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a projectile that can be loaded simultaneously with a bullet without increasing the strength of the burnable container, whether manually loaded or automatically loaded.

  The first of the present invention is a cylinder having a plurality of unit charges, a base charge disposed on one end face side of the plurality of unit charges, a cap disposed on the other end face side, and a plurality of ignition holes. A unit charge containing a propellant in a burnable container, and a base charge containing a propellant in a burntable container in a metal case. The support body is a projectile charge containing the ignition means and provided so as to communicate the cap, the plurality of unit charges and the base charge, and the second invention relates to the ignition hole. The interval is shorter than the length of the unit charge, and the third invention is a charge whose shape and weight of each unit charge constituting the plurality of unit charges are substantially the same. According to the present invention, the burning rate of the propellant in the base charge is greater than that of the propellant in the unit charge. The fifth aspect of the present invention is a propellant in which the cap includes a gun barrel burning reduction agent, and the sixth aspect of the present invention is an ignition system in which the ignition means is ignited by an igniter or plasma. A seventh aspect of the present invention is a method for loading a gun in which a bullet and the above-mentioned gunshot charge are placed on a tray, and the bullet and the gunshot charge are simultaneously loaded into a gun chamber by a moving means. The invention of 8 is a loading method to a gun whose moving means is a push rod for loading, and the ninth invention uses the firing charge, and at least one of the ignition holes of the support has each unit charge. And a method for stabilizing ignition by being disposed on the central axis side of the base charge.

The projectile charge of the present invention is configured so that a plurality of unit charges are not loaded when loaded into a gun by a specific support, metal shells and caps arranged at both ends thereof, Even if it is automatic loading, it is a firing charge that can be loaded simultaneously with the bullet without improving the mechanical strength of the burnout container.
In addition, by making the interval between the holes in the support shorter than the length of the propellant (the direction through which the support is passed), it becomes possible to ignite each propellant simultaneously, that is, stable ignition is possible, No differential pressure is generated.
Further, due to the action of the support and its ignition hole, no differential pressure is generated in the gun even if a gap or a gap is generated between the unit charge and the unit charge.
Moreover, if a gun barrel erosion reducing agent is included in the cap, gun barrel erosion combustion can also be reduced.

Hereinafter, each aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the propellant of the present invention. The propellant 1 includes a plurality of (6 in this case) unit charges 2, a base charge 4, a cap 6, It consists of a support 9.
And the base charge 4 is arrange | positioned at the one end surface 3 side of the some unit charge, and the cap 6 is arrange | positioned at the other end surface 5 side.
Further, a cylindrical support body 9 having a plurality of ignition holes 8 is arranged so as to communicate the cap, the plurality of unit charges and the base charge at the respective central portions.

The unit charge 2 is composed of a burnable container 12a and a propellant 10 accommodated therein, and has a cavity that penetrates the support on the central axis.
The type of the propellant 10 is determined according to the required performance. For example, a single base, a double base, a triple base, and a propellant obtained by further adding cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine or cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine to these. Is used.
Also, a low vulnerability (LOVA) propellant known as a propellant that has improved impact safety by reducing impact sensitivity or the like can be used.
The shape of the propellant can also be appropriately used according to the required performance, and examples include those having a shape such as granular, columnar, rosetta, single-hole tubular, and seven-hole tubular, 19-hole tubular, etc. These are used in combination.
The amount of the propellant is also appropriately determined according to the required performance.

The burnable container 12a for storing the propellant 10 is made of a material that burns out after shooting, and is usually made of nitrocellulose, pulp, and a synthetic resin as a binder. The nitrogen content of nitrocellulose is usually about 12.0 to 13.4%.
Further, since the load concentrates on the end face of the burnable container when loaded into the gun, the end face shape is as shown in FIG. In addition, it is preferable that each unit charge has the same shape and weight because the directionality during loading can be ignored.
In the present invention, the end face of the burnable container may be male or female so that unit charges can be bonded to each other. However, in order to make the thickness and density of the container uniform, the manufacturing conditions are severe. Tend to be.

In the present invention, the base charge 4 comprises a metal shell 11, a burnout container 12 b housed in the metal shell, and a propellant 14 contained in the burnout container. It has a structure having a cavity through which the support body penetrates.
It is preferable from the viewpoint of manufacturability that the burnout container 12b used here is the same material as that used for the unit charge 2. As for the propellant 14, the same type and shape as the propellant 10 are usually used.
However, in the case of a short range, that is, when the number of unit charges used is small, it is preferable to use a propellant that is faster than the burning speed of the unit charge in order to improve the flight stability of the bullet.

  Next, the cap 6 disposed on the other end face side of the plurality of unit charges, that is, the bullet side will be described. This is used for the purpose of preventing damage to the propellant charge when simultaneously loading the charge charge and the bullet into the gun chamber. That is, when loading using a moving means such as a push rod for loading, a bullet load is not directly applied to the projectile.

A general resin is used for the material of the cap. However, considering the case where combustion is not completed and the fuel is discharged outside the gun, a biodegradable resin is preferable from the viewpoint of environmental resistance.
Specifically, for example, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polybutylene succinate, polyvinyl alcohol, poly (butylene succinate / adipate), poly (butylene succinate / carbonate), polyethylene succinate, poly (butylene succinate / terephthalate) ), Poly (butylene adipate / terephthalate) and other chemically synthesized polymer materials, microbial-produced polymer materials such as polyhydroxybutyrate and polyhydroxybutyrate valerate, modified starch, cellulose acetate, starch / chemical synthesis And natural polymer materials such as chitosan / cellulose / starch.

The thickness of the cap is appropriately determined in consideration of the material of the cap, the firing charge, the weight of the bullet, and the like.
Moreover, the effect of reducing gun barrel erosion during propellant combustion can be obtained by including a gun barrel erosion reducing agent such as a titanium oxide / wax mixture in the cap. Here, the inclusion includes mixing or impregnating a barrel erosion reducing agent in the resin constituting the cap, or including a composite structure including a resin layer and a barrel erosion reducing agent layer. Meaning.

Next, the support 9 will be described.
This is an ignition means, for example, a firing tube (not shown in the figure, which fills the entire interior of a cylindrical structure having a plurality of ignition holes 8 and serves as a trigger on the metal shell side. .) Is built-in.
When simultaneously loading the projectile charge and the bullet into the gun chamber by using the support in a state where the cap, the plurality of unit charges and the base charge are communicated with each other on the respective central axes. In addition, it is possible to prevent a partial load from being applied to the propellant and to ensure simultaneous ignition of the propellant.
In particular, when the number of unit charges is small, that is, in a short range, even if a gap or a gap is generated between the unit charges, a differential pressure can be prevented from being generated in the gun.
The connection between the support and the cap, and the connection between the support and the metal case are ordinary connection methods such as a screwing method and a fitting method.

The support is provided with a plurality of ignition holes over its entire length, and it is preferable to provide the set positions so that the flames are substantially averaged.
The interval between the ignition holes is preferably at least shorter than the length of the unit charge (direction in which the support is passed). This is because even if there are gaps or gaps between unit charges as described above, the ignition holes are always arranged somewhere in each unit charge, enabling simultaneous simultaneous ignition of each unit charge. This is because the generation of pressure can be prevented.
The specific interval and number of ignition holes can be changed according to the required performance.
In addition, the shape of the ignition hole as referred to in the present invention is not limited to a circle, and may be an ellipse or a slit, which means a shape that can ignite a propellant.
The material of the cylindrical support body which comprises this support body is metals, such as iron, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, or a burnout material, for example. When a burnout material is used, it is necessary to fully consider its mechanical strength.

  Examples of the igniting agent include black powder, benite strand, a mixture of boron and glass stone, a compound obtained by molding a black powder component with nitrocellulose, a porous or flaky single-base propellant, and a combination thereof. Things are used. Further, the amount of use is appropriately determined depending on required performance such as ignitability of the propellant.

Although the means using the igniting agent as the igniting means has been described above, other means may be used as long as it is a means for reliably igniting the propellant. For example, an ignition method using plasma.
This is, for example, a metal foil or a thin metal wire arranged between rail electrodes composed of a high voltage longitudinal electrode and a low voltage longitudinal electrode as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-15198. The foil or thin metal wire is melted and plasma is generated by arc discharge. In this method, an insulating material is selected as the material of the support, or if it is a conductive material, an insulation measure is required.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
Example 1
The propellant of the present invention was manufactured by the following method.
70 parts by weight of nitrocellulose, 20 parts by weight of kraft pulp, 9 parts by weight of a styrene-butadiene copolymer and 1 part by weight of a stabilizer are dispersed in water, and the mixed slurry is sucked into a rough molded product. By pressing with a mold, seven containers 19 and seven lids 20 shown in FIG. 3 were obtained.
In addition, when the container 19 and the lid 20 are bonded, it is designed so that a cavity serving as the ignition passage 21 is formed. The outer diameter is 155 mm, the inner diameter of the cavity is 30 mm, the length is 180 mm, The thickness is about 2 mm.

Six unit charges were manufactured by charging 1 kg of a single-base type propellant having a gas generation rate (loading density: 0.1 g / cc) of 20 MPa / ms and bonding the lid and the container. .
Similarly, 13 kg of a triple-base type propellant with a gas generation rate (loading density: 0.1 g / cc) of 5 MPa / ms is loaded, a lid is adhered, and it is accommodated in a metal shell to obtain a base charge. It was.

Next, it is made of stainless steel having an outer diameter of 30 mm, a length of 130 cm, and ignition holes (shape: circular shape, diameter: 6 mm, hole interval: 90 mm, 14 at regular intervals between 2 cm from the top and 2 cm from the bottom). A cylindrical body (thickness: 1.5 mm) for the support was prepared.
Next, 45 g of Benite strand igniting agent having an outer diameter of 2 mm and a length of 120 cm was placed in this cylindrical body, and a support body with a built-in firing tube was prepared.

On the other hand, a polycaprolactone-based biodegradable resin (manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name: Cell Green PH) is mixed with 200 g of a titanium oxide / wax mixture, and a cap (outer diameter: 100 mm, thickness: 50 mm). ).
Next, after passing the support through the six unit charge cavities, both are fixed to the metal shell and cap of the base charge in a fitting manner, whereby the projectile charge of the present invention shown in FIG. Manufactured.

Using this propellant charge, it is placed on the tray 15 as shown in FIG. 2, and the simulated bullet 18 (mass is 45 kg) is placed on the cap 6 side, and then the base charge 4 is loaded using the push rod 17 for loading. By pushing from the side, it was loaded into the acrylic simulated gun 16. Even after loading, no abnormalities such as damage to the propellant were observed.
In FIG. 2, 1 indicates a projectile charge, 2 indicates a unit charge, and 9 indicates a support.

Comparative Example 1
Seven unit charges 26 shown in FIG. 8 were manufactured by disposing the ignition charge 28 on the central axis 7 side of the unit charge manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. One of them was placed in a metal case to obtain a base dressing.
The same loading test as in Example 1 was performed using only this propellant without using a support and a cap. As a result, damage was observed such that one end surface of the bullet side was dented and all the unit charge lids were sunk into the container.

Example 2
Using the projectile charge 1 manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, the support 9 and the cap 6 as shown in FIG. 4, that is, a space 22 is provided between the unit charges, and a short barrel having a diameter of 155 mm is formed. The used combustion test was performed to measure the pressure (P1) at the rear part in the gun and the pressure (P2) at the front part, and obtain the differential pressure (P1-P2).
FIG. 6 shows a change curve (31a) with respect to time of the pressure (P1) in the rear part of the gun, a change curve (32a) with respect to time of the pressure (P2) in the front part, and a change curve with respect to time of the differential pressure (P1-P2). (33a) was shown.
Since there was almost no ignition delay and the pressure curves overlapped, the change curve (33a) with respect to time of the differential pressure (P1-P2) was almost flat.
In FIG. 4, 4 indicates a base charge, 15 indicates a tray, and 18 indicates a simulated bullet.

Comparative Example 2
A combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 2 using the propellant manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 in the arrangement shown in FIG. As a result, a pressure change curve with respect to time as shown in FIG. 7 was obtained.
Since the difference between the change curve (31b) of the pressure in the rear portion with respect to time and the change curve (32b) of the pressure in the front portion with respect to time is large, the change curve (33b) with respect to time of the differential pressure varies greatly.
In FIG. 5, 15 is a tray, 18 is a simulated bullet, 22 is a space, 24 is a unit charge, 23 is an ignition charge, and 25 is a base charge.

As is clear from the above examples and comparative examples, in the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously load the projectile and the bullet into the gun, whereas in the conventional projectile, the burnable container is damaged. Proved difficult.
In addition, when there is a space between unit charges, in the present invention, the normal combustion behavior as expected is obtained, whereas in the conventional charge charge, the combustion behavior is changed, and the simultaneous ignition is completely completed. It was confirmed that this was not done.

It is sectional drawing which shows one embodiment of the projectile charge of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows one embodiment of the loading method of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the burnout container used for this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the projectile charge used in Example 2, and a bullet. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the firing charge used in the comparative example 2, and a bullet. FIG. 6 is a conceptual explanatory diagram showing a change curve of pressure with respect to time in Example 2. 10 is a conceptual explanatory diagram showing a pressure change curve with respect to time in Comparative Example 2. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional unit charge (comparative example 1).

Explanation of symbols

  1: projectile charge, 2: unit charge, 3: one end face, 4: base charge, 5 other end face, 6: cap, 7: central axis, 8: ignition hole, 9: support, 10: propellant 11: metal shell, 12a: burnout container, 12b: burnout container, 13: ignition powder, 14: propellant, 15: tray, 16: simulated gun, 17: push rod, 18: simulated bullet, 19: container , 20: lid, 21: ignition passage, 22: space, 23: ignition charge, 24: unit charge, 25: base charge, 26: unit charge, 27: burnout container, 28: ignition charge, 29: Propellant, 30: ignition passage, 31a: change curve with respect to time of pressure in the rear part of the gun, 31b: change curve with time of pressure in the rear part of the gun, 32a: change curve with time of pressure in the front part of the gun, 32b: Change curve of pressure in the front part of the gun with respect to time, 33a: Rear part of the gun Change curve for the differential pressure time minute gun in the front portion, 33b: change versus time curve of the differential pressure guns in the rear portion and the gun in the forward portion.

Claims (9)

It comprises a plurality of unit charges, a base charge disposed on one end face side of the plurality of unit charges, a cap disposed on the other end face side, and a cylindrical support having a plurality of ignition holes. The propellant is a unit charge containing a propellant in a burnable container, a base charge is a propellant contained in a burntable container in a metal shell, and the support is A propellant containing an ignition means and provided to communicate the cap, a plurality of unit charges and a base charge. The firing charge according to claim 1, wherein the interval between the ignition holes is shorter than the length of the unit charge. 3. The propellant charge according to claim 1, wherein each unit charge constituting the plurality of unit charges has substantially the same shape and weight. The propellant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a burning rate of the propellant in the base charge is greater than a burning rate of the propellant in the unit charge. 5. The propellant charge according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cap comprises a gun barrel burn-in reducing agent. The firing charge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ignition means is an ignition system using an ignition powder or an ignition system using plasma. A bullet and a projectile charge according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are placed on a tray, and the bullet and the projectile charge are simultaneously loaded into a gun chamber by a moving means. Loading method. 8. The method for loading a gun according to claim 7, wherein the moving means is a push rod for loading. Ignition using the propellant charge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one or more of the ignition holes of the support are arranged on the central axis side of each unit charge and base charge. Stabilization method.

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