JP2005054910A - Bearing unit for supporting wheel, and wheel supporting device - Google Patents

Bearing unit for supporting wheel, and wheel supporting device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005054910A
JP2005054910A JP2003286834A JP2003286834A JP2005054910A JP 2005054910 A JP2005054910 A JP 2005054910A JP 2003286834 A JP2003286834 A JP 2003286834A JP 2003286834 A JP2003286834 A JP 2003286834A JP 2005054910 A JP2005054910 A JP 2005054910A
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wheel
knuckle
stationary
surface treatment
treatment film
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Japanese (ja)
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Mitsuyoshi Sakamoto
潤是 坂本
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
    • F16C33/586—Details of specific parts of races outside the space between the races, e.g. end faces or bore of inner ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/62—Selection of substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively prevent surfaces of a knuckle 3 and an outer ring 6c from being rusted even when electrolyte formed of rain or the like is deposited between the knuckle 3 formed of light alloy and the outer ring 6c formed of steel in a stretching manner. <P>SOLUTION: A surface-treated film 32a consisting of metal zinc flakes and binder of large electric resistance is deposited on a part of the surface of the outer ring 6c abutted on the knuckle 3 and a peripheral part thereof. Deposition of electrolyte formed of rain or the like in a stretching manner between light alloy to constitute the knuckle 3 and steel to constitute the outer ring 6c is prevented thereby, and the problem of rust is solved thereby. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

この発明は、自動車の車輪を車体に対して回転自在に支持する為の車輪支持用軸受ユニット及び車輪支持装置の改良に関する。   The present invention relates to an improvement in a wheel support bearing unit and a wheel support device for rotatably supporting a wheel of an automobile with respect to a vehicle body.

自動車の車輪を構成するホイール１及び制動装置を構成する制動用回転部材（図示の例では、ディスクブレーキを構成するディスク。その他、ドラムブレーキを構成するドラムもある。）２は、例えば図３に示す様な車輪支持装置により、車体に対して回転自在に支持している。この車輪支持装置は、懸架装置を構成するナックル３と、車輪支持用軸受ユニット４とから成る。即ち、この様な車輪支持装置を構成する為、上記ナックル３に形成した円形の支持孔５部分に、上記車輪支持用軸受ユニット４を構成する、静止輪である外輪６を、それぞれが結合部材である複数本のボルト７により結合固定している。一方、上記車輪支持用軸受ユニット４を構成する、回転輪であるハブ８に、上記ホイール１及び制動用回転部材２を、複数本のスタッド９とナット１０とにより結合固定している。   A wheel 1 constituting a wheel of an automobile and a braking rotating member constituting a braking device (in the illustrated example, a disc constituting a disc brake. In addition, there are drums constituting a drum brake) 2 are shown in FIG. A wheel support device as shown in FIG. The wheel support device includes a knuckle 3 constituting a suspension device and a wheel support bearing unit 4. That is, in order to constitute such a wheel support device, the outer ring 6 which is a stationary wheel and which constitutes the wheel support bearing unit 4 is connected to the circular support hole 5 portion formed in the knuckle 3 respectively. The plurality of bolts 7 are connected and fixed. On the other hand, the wheel 1 and the brake rotating member 2 are coupled and fixed to a hub 8 which is a rotating wheel constituting the wheel support bearing unit 4 by a plurality of studs 9 and nuts 10.

上記外輪６の内周面には、それぞれが静止側軌道である１対の外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂを、外周面には結合フランジ１２を、それぞれ形成している。この様な外輪６は、この結合フランジ１２を上記ナックル３に、上記各ボルト７で結合する事により、このナックル３に対して固定している。この為に図示の例では、上記各ボルト７を、上記ナックル３の円周方向複数個所に形成した通孔１３内に挿通すると共に、これら各ボルト７の先端部を、上記結合フランジ１２の円周方向複数個所に形成したねじ孔１４に螺合し、更に緊締している。   A pair of outer ring raceways 11a and 11b, each of which is a stationary side raceway, are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 6, and a coupling flange 12 is formed on the outer peripheral surface. Such an outer ring 6 is fixed to the knuckle 3 by coupling the coupling flange 12 to the knuckle 3 with the bolts 7. For this purpose, in the illustrated example, the bolts 7 are inserted into through holes 13 formed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the knuckle 3, and the tip portions of the bolts 7 are connected to the circles of the coupling flange 12. The screw holes 14 formed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction are screwed together and further tightened.

これに対し、上記ハブ８の外周面の一部で、上記外輪６の外端開口（軸方向に関して外とは、自動車への組み付け状態で車両の幅方向外側を言い、各図の左側。反対に、自動車への組み付け状態で幅方向内側となる、各図の右側を、軸方向に関して内と言う。本明細書全体で同じ。）から突出した部分には、取付フランジ１５を形成している。上記ホイール１及び制動用回転部材２は、この取付フランジ１５の外側面に、上記各スタッド９とナット１０とにより支持固定している。又、上記ハブ８の中間部外周面で、上記両外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂのうち、外側の外輪軌道１１ａに対向する部分に外側の内輪軌道１６ａを、直接形成している。更に、上記ハブ８の内端部に形成した小径段部１７に、内輪１８を外嵌固定している。そして、この内輪１８の外周面に形成した内側の内輪軌道１６ｂを、上記両外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂのうち、内側の外輪軌道１１ｂに対向させている。   On the other hand, in a part of the outer peripheral surface of the hub 8, the outer end opening of the outer ring 6 (outside with respect to the axial direction means the outside in the width direction of the vehicle in the assembled state in the automobile, and the left side in each figure. Further, the right side of each figure, which is the inner side in the width direction when assembled to the automobile, is referred to as the inner side with respect to the axial direction. The same applies to the whole of the present specification. . The wheel 1 and the brake rotating member 2 are supported and fixed to the outer surface of the mounting flange 15 by the studs 9 and the nuts 10. Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub 8, an outer inner ring raceway 16a is directly formed on a portion of the outer ring raceways 11a and 11b that faces the outer outer ring raceway 11a. Further, an inner ring 18 is externally fixed to a small diameter step portion 17 formed at the inner end portion of the hub 8. The inner ring raceway 16b formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 18 is opposed to the inner ring raceway 11b of the outer ring raceways 11a and 11b.

これら両外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂと両内輪軌道１６ａ、１６ｂとの間には、それぞれが転動体である玉１９、１９を複数個ずつ、それぞれ保持器２０、２０により保持した状態で転動自在に設けている。この構成により、背面組み合わせである複列アンギュラ型の玉軸受を構成し、上記外輪６の内側に上記ハブ８を、回転自在に、且つ、ラジアル荷重及びスラスト荷重を支承自在に支持している。尚、図示の例では転動体として玉１９、１９を使用しているが、重量が嵩む自動車用の軸受ユニットの場合には、上記転動体としてテーパころを使用する場合もある。又、上記外輪６の両端部内周面と、上記ハブ８の中間部外周面及び上記内輪１８の内端部外周面との間には、それぞれシールリング２１ａ、２１ｂを設けて、上記各玉１９、１９を設けた空間と外部空間とを遮断している。   Between these outer ring raceways 11a, 11b and both inner ring raceways 16a, 16b, a plurality of balls 19, 19, each of which is a rolling element, can be rolled while being held by cages 20, 20, respectively. Provided. With this configuration, a double-row angular type ball bearing which is a rear combination is configured, and the hub 8 is rotatably supported on the inner side of the outer ring 6 and can support a radial load and a thrust load. In the illustrated example, balls 19 are used as rolling elements. However, in the case of an automobile bearing unit that is heavy, tapered rollers may be used as the rolling elements. Seal rings 21a and 21b are provided between the inner peripheral surface of both ends of the outer ring 6 and the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub 8 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner end of the inner ring 18, respectively. , 19 is blocked from the external space.

更に、図示の例は、駆動輪（ＦＲ車及びＲＲ車の後輪、ＦＦ車の前輪、４ＷＤ車の全輪）用の車輪支持装置である為、上記ハブ８の中心部に、スプライン孔２２を形成している。そして、このスプライン孔２２に、等速ジョイント２３のスプライン軸２４を挿入している。この様に構成する車輪支持装置によれば、前記車輪を構成するホイール１及び制動用回転部材２を、懸架装置に対して回転自在に支持できる。   Furthermore, since the illustrated example is a wheel support device for driving wheels (the rear wheels of FR and RR vehicles, the front wheels of FF vehicles, and all wheels of 4WD vehicles), a spline hole 22 is formed at the center of the hub 8. Is forming. The spline shaft 24 of the constant velocity joint 23 is inserted into the spline hole 22. According to the wheel support device configured as described above, the wheel 1 and the brake rotating member 2 configuring the wheel can be rotatably supported with respect to the suspension device.

次に、図４は、従来構造の第２例を示している。この第２例の車輪支持用軸受ユニット４ａは、従動輪（ＦＲ車及びＲＲ車の前輪、ＦＦ車の後輪）を支持するのに使用するものである為、ハブ８ａの中心部には、駆動軸であるスプライン軸を挿入する為のスプライン孔を設けていない。又、上記ハブ８ａの小径段部１７に外嵌した内輪１８は、このハブ８ａの内端部に設けた円筒部２５の先端部を径方向外方に塑性変形させて形成したかしめ部２６により、上記小径段部１７の基端部に存在する段差面２７に向け抑え付けている。ナックル３（図３）との組み合わせにより車輪支持装置を構成する態様等、その他の構成及び作用は、上述の図３に示した第１例の場合と同様である。   Next, FIG. 4 shows a second example of a conventional structure. The wheel support bearing unit 4a of the second example is used to support driven wheels (front wheels of FR and RR vehicles, rear wheels of FF vehicles). There is no spline hole for inserting the spline shaft that is the drive shaft. The inner ring 18 fitted on the small-diameter step portion 17 of the hub 8a is formed by a caulking portion 26 formed by plastically deforming the distal end portion of the cylindrical portion 25 provided at the inner end portion of the hub 8a radially outward. The small diameter stepped portion 17 is pressed against the stepped surface 27 existing at the proximal end portion. Other configurations and operations, such as an aspect of configuring the wheel support device in combination with the knuckle 3 (FIG. 3), are the same as those in the first example shown in FIG.

次に、図５は、従来構造の第３例を示している。この第３例の車輪支持用ハブユニット４ｂは、回転輪である外輪６ａの外端寄り部外周面に、車輪及び制動用回転部材を支持固定する為の取付フランジ１５を設けている。これと共に、この外輪６ａの径方向内側に設けた、静止輪である軸部材２８の内端部に、懸架装置を構成するナックルに結合固定する為の結合フランジ１２を設けている。又、静止側軌道である内側の内輪軌道１６ｂを、上記軸部材２８の中間部外周面に直接形成すると共に、やはり静止側軌道である外側の内輪軌道１６ａを、この軸部材２８の外端部に設けた小径段部１７に外嵌した内輪１８の外周面に形成している。又、この小径段部１７に外嵌した内輪１８は、上記軸部材２８の外端部に設けた円筒部２５の先端部を径方向外方に塑性変形させて形成したかしめ部２６により、上記小径段部１７の段差面２７に向け抑え付けている。車輪支持装置を構成する際には、上記ナックルに対して上記結合フランジ１２を、ボルト等の結合部材により結合固定する。   Next, FIG. 5 shows a third example of a conventional structure. The wheel support hub unit 4b of the third example is provided with a mounting flange 15 for supporting and fixing the wheel and the brake rotating member on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 6a that is a rotating wheel. At the same time, a coupling flange 12 for coupling and fixing to a knuckle constituting a suspension device is provided at an inner end portion of a shaft member 28 which is a stationary ring provided on the radially inner side of the outer ring 6a. Further, the inner ring raceway 16b, which is the stationary inner raceway, is directly formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the shaft member 28, and the outer ring raceway 16a, which is also the stationary raceway, is formed on the outer end portion of the shaft member 28. It is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 18 that is externally fitted to the small-diameter step portion 17 provided on the inner surface. The inner ring 18 fitted on the small-diameter step portion 17 is formed by the caulking portion 26 formed by plastically deforming the distal end portion of the cylindrical portion 25 provided on the outer end portion of the shaft member 28 radially outward. The small diameter step portion 17 is pressed against the step surface 27. When configuring the wheel support device, the coupling flange 12 is coupled and fixed to the knuckle by a coupling member such as a bolt.

次に、図６は、従来構造の第４例を示している。本例の場合、静止輪である外輪６ｂの外周面に結合フランジを設けず、この外輪６ｂの外周面を単なる円筒面としている。そして、車輪支持装置を構成すべく、この外輪６ｂをナックル３ａに結合する為、この外輪６ｂをこのナックル３ａに設けた円形の支持孔５ａに内嵌すると共に、この外輪６ｂを、この支持孔５ａの内周面に設けた段差面２９と、この内周面に全周に亙り形成した係止溝３０に係止した欠円環状の止め輪３１との間で挟持している。   Next, FIG. 6 shows a fourth example of a conventional structure. In the case of this example, a coupling flange is not provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 6b which is a stationary ring, and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 6b is a simple cylindrical surface. In order to connect the outer ring 6b to the knuckle 3a so as to constitute a wheel support device, the outer ring 6b is fitted into a circular support hole 5a provided in the knuckle 3a, and the outer ring 6b is inserted into the support hole. It is sandwiched between a stepped surface 29 provided on the inner peripheral surface of 5a and a notched annular retaining ring 31 locked in a locking groove 30 formed over the entire inner peripheral surface.

ところで、近年、自動車のばね下重量を減少させる目的で、懸架装置を構成するナックルを、アルミニウム合金やマグネシウム合金等の軽合金製とする事が行なわれている。これに対し、上記ナックルと共に車輪支持装置を構成する車輪支持用軸受ユニットの静止輪は、従来から引き続き、軸受鋼や浸炭鋼、或は高炭素鋼等の鋼製としている。この様に静止輪を軽合金製とせず、鋼製とする理由は、この静止輪の強度並びに静止側軌道の転がり疲れ寿命を、それぞれ必要量確保する為である。   By the way, in recent years, for the purpose of reducing the unsprung weight of an automobile, a knuckle constituting a suspension device is made of a light alloy such as an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy. On the other hand, the stationary wheel of the wheel support bearing unit that constitutes the wheel support device together with the knuckle has been conventionally made of steel such as bearing steel, carburized steel, or high carbon steel. The reason why the stationary wheel is made of steel instead of light alloy is to secure the necessary amount of strength of the stationary wheel and the rolling fatigue life of the stationary side track.

ところが、上述の様にナックルを軽合金製とすると共に、静止輪を鋼製とすると、これらナックルと静止輪との間で金属電位の相違に基づく電位差が生じる為、次の様な不都合を生じる場合がある。即ち、雨天時等に自動車を走行させると、路面に溜った雨水が跳ね上げられ、この雨水が上記ナックルと上記静止輪との間に掛け渡される状態で付着する。この場合に、上述の様にナックルと静止輪との間で金属電位の相違に基づく電位差が生じていると、これらナックルと静止輪との間で電池が形成される。又、この静止輪を構成する（軽合金に比べて電位が貴である）鋼から、上記雨水の中に鉄イオンが溶け込み、この鉄イオンが上記ナックルを構成する（鋼に比べて電位が卑である）軽合金の表面に付着する。この結果、この軽合金の表面が腐食し（主に、孔蝕が生じ）、この表面から更に内部にまで錆を生じさせる。そして、この様にナックルを構成する軽合金に錆が生じた結果、例えば、このナックルと上記静止輪との接触面同士が錆び付いた（錆により固着した）場合には、車輪支持用軸受ユニットの修理又は交換の際に、上記静止輪と上記ナックルとを分離しにくくなる。   However, if the knuckle is made of a light alloy and the stationary wheel is made of steel as described above, a potential difference based on the difference in metal potential occurs between the knuckle and the stationary wheel, which causes the following inconvenience. There is a case. That is, when an automobile is driven in rainy weather or the like, rainwater accumulated on the road surface is splashed up and adheres in a state where the rainwater is passed between the knuckle and the stationary wheel. In this case, if a potential difference based on a difference in metal potential occurs between the knuckle and the stationary wheel as described above, a battery is formed between the knuckle and the stationary wheel. Moreover, iron ions dissolve into the rainwater from the steel constituting this stationary wheel (potential is noble compared to light alloys), and this iron ion constitutes the knuckle (potential is lower than that of steel). It adheres to the surface of light alloys. As a result, the surface of this light alloy is corroded (mainly pitting corrosion), and rust is generated from this surface to the inside. As a result of the rust generated in the light alloy constituting the knuckle, for example, when the contact surfaces of the knuckle and the stationary wheel are rusted (fixed by rust), the wheel support bearing unit It becomes difficult to separate the stationary wheel and the knuckle during repair or replacement.

そこで従来から、上記ナックルと上記静止輪との間に絶縁部材を挟持する構造や、この静止輪の表面に塗装やメッキを施す構造が考えられている（例えば、特許文献１及び２参照）。これらの従来構造によれば、雨水が上記ナックルを構成する軽合金と上記静止輪を構成する鋼との間に掛け渡される状態で付着するのを防止できるか、或は少なくとも上記軽合金と上記鋼とが直接接触するのを防止できる為、上記ナックルと上記静止輪との互いの接触面同士が錆び付く事を防止できる。   Therefore, conventionally, a structure in which an insulating member is sandwiched between the knuckle and the stationary wheel, and a structure in which the surface of the stationary wheel is coated or plated have been considered (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). According to these conventional structures, it is possible to prevent rainwater from adhering in a state of being spanned between the light alloy constituting the knuckle and the steel constituting the stationary wheel, or at least the light alloy and the above Since the direct contact with the steel can be prevented, the contact surfaces of the knuckle and the stationary ring can be prevented from rusting.

ところが、上記ナックルと上記静止輪との間に絶縁部材を挟持する従来構造の場合には、この絶縁部材が上記ナックル及び静止輪とは別体の部材である為、その分、部品点数が増加し、組立作業が面倒になる。これに対し、上記静止輪の表面に塗装やメッキを施す従来構造の場合には、部品点数が増加しない為、組立作業が面倒になる事はないが、次の様な、解決すべき点がある。即ち、上記静止輪の表面に塗装を施す従来構造の場合には、この塗装の膜厚を十分に小さく（例えば１０μｍ以下に）するのが難しい。この為、この塗装を上記静止輪の外周面に施す場合に、この静止輪の外周面と上記ナックルの内周面との嵌合締代を所望値（例えば５０〜１００μｍ）にすると言う要望に応えるのが難しい。又、上記静止輪の表面にメッキ（例えば、一般的な亜鉛メッキ）を施す従来構造の場合には、このメッキを施す過程で酸洗い等を行なう為、下地部分に水素脆性が生じる可能性があり、車輪支持用軸受ユニットの耐食性確保の面から好ましくない。   However, in the case of a conventional structure in which an insulating member is sandwiched between the knuckle and the stationary wheel, the insulating member is a separate member from the knuckle and stationary wheel, so the number of parts increases accordingly. As a result, the assembly work becomes troublesome. On the other hand, in the case of the conventional structure in which the surface of the stationary wheel is painted or plated, the number of parts does not increase, so the assembly work does not become troublesome. is there. That is, in the case of the conventional structure in which the surface of the stationary wheel is coated, it is difficult to make the coating film thickness sufficiently small (for example, 10 μm or less). For this reason, when this coating is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the stationary wheel, the fitting tightening allowance between the outer peripheral surface of the stationary wheel and the inner peripheral surface of the knuckle is set to a desired value (for example, 50 to 100 μm). It is difficult to respond. In addition, in the case of a conventional structure in which the surface of the stationary ring is plated (for example, general zinc plating), pickling or the like is performed in the process of applying the plating, so that hydrogen embrittlement may occur in the base portion. It is not preferable from the viewpoint of ensuring the corrosion resistance of the wheel supporting bearing unit.

特開２００１−８０３０７号公報JP 2001-80307 A 特開２００３−７２３１０号公報JP 2003-72310 A

本発明の車輪支持用軸受ユニット及び車輪支持装置は、上述した様な従来技術が抱える問題を解消しつつ、軽合金製のナックルと鋼製の静止輪との互いの接触面同士が錆び付くのを防止できる構造を実現するものである。   The wheel support bearing unit and the wheel support device according to the present invention eliminate the problems of the conventional technology as described above, and the contact surfaces of the light alloy knuckle and the steel stationary wheel rust each other. The structure which can prevent is realized.

本発明の車輪支持用軸受ユニット及び車輪支持装置のうち、請求項１に記載した車輪支持用軸受ユニットは、静止側周面に静止側軌道を有し、使用時に懸架装置を構成する軽合金（アルミニウム合金、マグネシウム合金等）製のナックルに結合した状態で回転しない鋼製の静止輪と、上記静止側周面に対向する回転側周面に回転側軌道を有し、使用時に車輪を支持固定した状態で回転する回転輪と、上記静止側軌道と上記回転側軌道との間に転動自在に設けられた複数個の転動体とを備える。
特に、請求項１に記載した車輪支持用軸受ユニットに於いては、上記静止輪の表面のうち少なくとも上記ナックルと当接する部分に、金属亜鉛フレークと電気抵抗の大きいバインダー（クロム酸のバインダー、珪素系無機バインダー等）とから成る表面処理皮膜を形成している。 Of the wheel support bearing unit and the wheel support device according to the present invention, the wheel support bearing unit according to claim 1 has a stationary-side track on the stationary-side peripheral surface and constitutes a suspension device in use. (Aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, etc.) Steel stationary wheel that does not rotate when coupled to a knuckle made of aluminum and a rotating side track on the rotating side peripheral surface facing the stationary side peripheral surface, and supports and fixes the wheel when in use And a plurality of rolling elements provided so as to be freely rollable between the stationary track and the rotating track.
In particular, in the wheel support bearing unit according to claim 1, at least a portion of the surface of the stationary wheel that comes into contact with the knuckle is made of metal zinc flakes and a binder having a large electric resistance (chromic acid binder, silicon A surface treatment film composed of an inorganic binder or the like).

又、請求項４に記載した車輪支持装置は、懸架装置を構成する軽合金（アルミニウム合金、マグネシウム合金）製のナックルと、静止側周面に静止側軌道を有し、使用時にこのナックルに結合した状態で回転しない鋼製の静止輪と、上記静止側周面に対向する回転側周面に回転側軌道を有し、使用時に車輪を支持固定した状態で回転する回転輪と、上記静止側軌道と上記回転側軌道との間に転動自在に設けられた複数個の転動体とを備える。
特に、請求項４、６に記載した車輪支持装置に於いては、上記ナックルと上記静止輪とのうちの少なくとも一方の部材の表面のうち、少なくともこれらナックルと静止輪とのうちの他方の部材と当接する部分に、金属亜鉛フレークと電気抵抗の大きいバインダー（例えば、クロム酸のバインダー、珪素系無機バインダー等）とから成る表面処理皮膜を形成している。 The wheel support device according to claim 4 has a knuckle made of a light alloy (aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy) constituting the suspension device and a stationary side track on the stationary side peripheral surface, and is coupled to the knuckle during use. A stationary wheel made of steel that does not rotate in a state of being rotated, a rotating wheel that has a rotating side track on the rotating side peripheral surface facing the stationary side peripheral surface, and that rotates while supporting and fixing the wheel during use, and the stationary side A plurality of rolling elements provided between the track and the rotation side track so as to be freely rollable.
In particular, in the wheel support apparatus according to claim 4 or 6, at least the other member of the knuckle and the stationary wheel among the surfaces of at least one member of the knuckle and the stationary wheel. A surface-treated film made of metallic zinc flakes and a binder having a high electric resistance (for example, a binder of chromic acid, a silicon-based inorganic binder, etc.) is formed on the portion in contact with.

尚、上述の様な表面処理皮膜は、例えば、従来から知られている「ダクロタイズド」｛（株）日本ダクロシャムロックの商標｝と呼ばれる表面処理を実施する事により形成できる。即ち、この表面処理を実施する場合には、金属亜鉛フレーク、無水クロム酸、グリコール等の分散水溶液中に被処理物の表面を浸漬した後、この被処理物を炉中に入れ、高温（約３００℃）で加熱処理する。この結果、６価クロムがグリコール等の有機物で還元される事により、水不溶液アモルファスであるｎCrO3・ｍCrO2（ｎ、ｍ：整数）が生成され、これがバインダーとなって、上記被処理物の表面に、数十層に積層された金属亜鉛フレークが相互に結び付いた強固な表面処理皮膜（防錆皮膜）が形成される。同時に、上記分散水溶液中の無水クロム酸が上記被処理物の表面を酸化させ、この被処理物の表面と上記表面処理皮膜とを化学的に結合する為の強力な密着力を生じさせる。
尚、この様な表面処理皮膜を構成するバインダーの種類を変える場合には、これに合わせて上記分散水溶液の構成を変更する。 The surface-treated film as described above can be formed, for example, by performing a surface treatment called “Dacrotized” {trademark of Nippon Dacro Shamrock Co., Ltd.}, which has been conventionally known. That is, when performing this surface treatment, after immersing the surface of the object to be treated in a dispersed aqueous solution of metal zinc flakes, chromic anhydride, glycol or the like, the object to be treated is put in a furnace and heated to a high temperature (about 300 ° C.). As a result, when hexavalent chromium is reduced with an organic substance such as glycol, nCrO 3 .mCrO 2 (n, m: integer) which is a water-insoluble amorphous solution is generated, and this serves as a binder, and the above-mentioned object to be processed A strong surface treatment film (rust preventive film) in which metal zinc flakes laminated in several tens of layers are connected to each other is formed on the surface of the film. At the same time, chromic anhydride in the dispersion aqueous solution oxidizes the surface of the object to be treated, and generates strong adhesion for chemically bonding the surface of the object to be treated and the surface treatment film.
In addition, when changing the kind of binder which comprises such a surface treatment film | membrane, the structure of the said dispersion | distribution aqueous solution is changed according to this.

又、本発明の場合、上記バインダーとして「電気抵抗の大きい」ものを使用する理由は、次の通りである。即ち、このバインダーの電気抵抗を小さくすると、雨水等の電解液と接触する、上記表面処理皮膜の表層部に存在する金属亜鉛フレークだけでなく、この表面処理皮膜の深層部に存在する金属亜鉛フレークにまで電気が流れ易くなる。この結果、上記表面処理皮膜中の総ての金属亜鉛フレークが同時に犠牲腐食する様になり、この表面処理皮膜の寿命が短くなる。これに対し、上記バインダーの電気抵抗を大きくすると、雨水等による電解液と接触する、上記表面処理皮膜の表層部に存在する金属亜鉛フレークには電気が流れ易くなるが、その内側の層に存在する金属亜鉛フレークには電気が流れにくくなる。この結果、上記表面処理皮膜の表層部に存在する金属亜鉛フレークから徐々に犠牲腐食する様になり、この表面処理皮膜の寿命を長くできる。そこで、本発明の場合には、この表面処理皮膜の寿命を十分に確保すべく、上記バインダーとして「電気抵抗の大きい」ものを使用する事とした。但し、このバインダーの電気抵抗が過大になると、上記金属亜鉛フレークの犠牲腐食が効果的に行なわれなくなる。従って、本発明を実施する場合、上記バインダーの電気抵抗値は、上記表面処理皮膜による防錆作用を５〜１０年程度適切に維持できる様に、設計的に定める。例えば、緑色クロメート（オリーブ）の後処理を施した電気亜鉛メッキとほぼ同等若しくはこれよりも少し高い抵抗値とする事が考えられる。   In the case of the present invention, the reason why the “binder with high electrical resistance” is used as the binder is as follows. That is, when the electrical resistance of the binder is reduced, not only the metal zinc flakes present in the surface layer portion of the surface treatment film, but also the metal zinc flakes present in the deep layer portion of the surface treatment film, which come into contact with an electrolyte such as rainwater. It becomes easy for electricity to flow to. As a result, all the metal zinc flakes in the surface treatment film are simultaneously sacrificed and the life of the surface treatment film is shortened. On the other hand, when the electrical resistance of the binder is increased, electricity easily flows in the metal zinc flakes existing in the surface layer portion of the surface treatment film that comes into contact with the electrolytic solution such as rainwater, but it exists in the inner layer. It becomes difficult for electricity to flow through the metal zinc flakes. As a result, the metal zinc flakes present on the surface layer of the surface treatment film gradually undergo sacrificial corrosion, and the life of the surface treatment film can be extended. Therefore, in the case of the present invention, in order to sufficiently ensure the life of the surface treatment film, the binder having “high electrical resistance” is used. However, if the electrical resistance of the binder is excessive, the sacrificial corrosion of the metal zinc flakes cannot be performed effectively. Therefore, when carrying out the present invention, the electrical resistance value of the binder is determined in terms of design so that the rust preventive action by the surface treatment film can be appropriately maintained for about 5 to 10 years. For example, it is conceivable that the resistance value is almost equal to or slightly higher than that of electrogalvanization after green chromate (olive) post-treatment.

上述の様に構成する本発明の車輪支持用軸受ユニット及び車輪支持装置の場合には、上述の様な表面処理皮膜を形成している為、雨水等による電解液が上記ナックルと上記静止輪との接触面同士の間に掛け渡される状態で付着した場合でも、これら各接触面で錆が発生する事を有効に防止できる。即ち、本発明の場合、上記表面処理皮膜を鋼製の静止輪の表面に形成した場合には、この静止輪を構成する鋼からこの表面処理皮膜の表面に付着した上記電解液に、鉄イオンが溶け込む事を有効に防止できる。従って、この鉄イオンが上記ナックルを構成する軽合金の表面に付着してこの軽合金の表面を腐食させる（更には孔蝕を生じさせる）事を有効に防止できる。又、上記表面処理皮膜を軽合金製のナックルと鋼製の静止輪とのうちの何れの部材の表面に形成した場合でも、上記表面処理皮膜を構成する金属亜鉛フレークが、この表面処理皮膜を形成した部材を構成する材料の代わりに犠牲腐食する。従って、この表面処理皮膜を形成した部材の表面が腐食する事を有効に防止できる。この結果、本発明の場合には、上記ナックルと上記静止輪との接触面で錆が発生する事を防止できる。この為、これらナックルと静止輪との接触面同士が錆び付く事を防止できる。更に、本発明の場合には、上記表面処理皮膜を構成するバインダーとして電気抵抗の大きいものを使用している為、上述した様にこの表面処理皮膜の寿命を十分に確保できる。従って、上述した様な効果を長期間得られる。   In the case of the wheel support bearing unit and the wheel support device of the present invention configured as described above, since the surface treatment film as described above is formed, the electrolytic solution due to rain water or the like is used for the knuckle, the stationary wheel, and the like. Even when adhered in a state of being stretched between the contact surfaces, it is possible to effectively prevent rust from being generated on each contact surface. That is, in the case of the present invention, when the surface treatment film is formed on the surface of a steel stationary ring, iron ions are applied to the electrolyte solution adhered to the surface of the surface treatment film from the steel constituting the stationary ring. Can effectively prevent melting. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent the iron ions from adhering to the surface of the light alloy constituting the knuckle and corroding the surface of the light alloy (and causing pitting corrosion). In addition, even when the surface treatment film is formed on the surface of any member of the light alloy knuckle and the steel stationary ring, the metal zinc flakes constituting the surface treatment film are formed on the surface treatment film. Sacrificial corrosion is performed instead of the material constituting the formed member. Therefore, corrosion of the surface of the member on which the surface treatment film is formed can be effectively prevented. As a result, in the case of the present invention, it is possible to prevent rust from being generated on the contact surface between the knuckle and the stationary wheel. For this reason, it can prevent that the contact surfaces of these knuckles and stationary wheels rust. Furthermore, in the case of the present invention, since a binder having a large electric resistance is used as the binder constituting the surface treatment film, the life of the surface treatment film can be sufficiently ensured as described above. Therefore, the effects as described above can be obtained for a long time.

特に、本発明の場合には、以下の様な効果が得られる。
即ち、前述したナックルと静止輪との間に絶縁部材を挟持する従来構造の様に部品点数が増加する事がない為、組立作業が面倒になる事はない。
又、前述した静止輪に塗装を施した従来構造に比べて、この静止輪及びナックルの表面に形成する表面処理皮膜の厚さを十分に小さく（例えば１０μｍ以下に）する事ができる。この為、この表面処理皮膜を上記ナックルと上記静止輪との嵌合面に形成した場合に、これらナックルと静止輪との嵌合締代を所望値（例えば５０〜１００μｍ）に規制するのが容易となる。
又、表面処理皮膜を形成する過程で、酸洗い等の処理を行なわない為、下地部分に水素脆性が生じる事はない。従って、前述した静止輪にメッキ（例えば、一般的な亜鉛メッキ）を施す従来構造の場合に比べて、車輪支持用軸受ユニットの耐食性確保を十分に図れる。 In particular, in the case of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
That is, since the number of parts does not increase unlike the conventional structure in which the insulating member is sandwiched between the knuckle and the stationary wheel, the assembling work is not complicated.
Further, the thickness of the surface treatment film formed on the surfaces of the stationary wheel and the knuckle can be made sufficiently smaller (for example, 10 μm or less) than the conventional structure in which the stationary wheel is coated. For this reason, when this surface treatment film is formed on the fitting surface between the knuckle and the stationary wheel, the fitting tightening margin between the knuckle and the stationary wheel is regulated to a desired value (for example, 50 to 100 μm). It becomes easy.
In addition, since the pickling process is not performed in the process of forming the surface treatment film, hydrogen embrittlement does not occur in the base portion. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of the wheel support bearing unit can be sufficiently ensured as compared with the conventional structure in which the stationary wheel is plated (for example, general zinc plating).

本発明を実施する場合に、好ましくは、ナックル及び静止輪の表面のうち、相手部材（ナックルの場合には静止輪、静止輪の場合にはナックル）と当接する部分だけでなく、その周囲部分にも表面処理皮膜を、この当接する部分の表面処理膜と連続して形成する。
この様にすれば、ナックルと静止輪との接触面同士だけでなく、その周囲部分でも、これらナックルと静止輪とを構成する各材料同士の間に雨水等の電解液が掛け渡される状態で付着する事を防止できる。この為、上記ナックルと静止輪との接触面だけでなく、その周囲部分でも、錆が発生する事を有効に防止できる。 When practicing the present invention, it is preferable that the surface of the knuckle and stationary ring not only be in contact with a mating member (a stationary ring in the case of a knuckle, or a knuckle in the case of a stationary ring), but also a peripheral portion thereof In addition, the surface treatment film is formed continuously with the surface treatment film of the abutting portion.
In this way, not only between the contact surfaces of the knuckle and stationary ring, but also in the surrounding area, an electrolyte such as rainwater is spread between the materials constituting the knuckle and stationary ring. It can prevent sticking. For this reason, it can prevent effectively that rust generate | occur | produces not only on the contact surface of the said knuckle and a stationary ring but the surrounding part.

又、本発明の車輪支持用軸受ユニットは、静止輪の外周面に上記ナックルに結合する為の結合フランジを設けている構造に対して適用できる。
又、本発明の車輪支持装置は、静止輪の外周面に結合フランジを設けると共に、この結合フランジを上記ナックルに対して結合部材（例えば、ボルト等）により結合している構造に対して適用できる。
これらの場合に、好ましくは、上記結合部材の表面にも、金属亜鉛フレークと電気抵抗の大きいバインダーとから成る表面処理皮膜を形成する。
この様にすれば、上記結合部材と上記ナックル及び静止輪との間に雨水等による電解液が掛け渡される状態で付着した場合でも、これら結合部材とナックル及び静止輪との表面に錆が発生する事を有効に防止でき、これら結合部材とナックル及び静止輪との接触面同士が錆び付く事を有効に防止できる。 The wheel support bearing unit of the present invention can be applied to a structure in which a coupling flange for coupling to the knuckle is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stationary wheel.
The wheel support device of the present invention can be applied to a structure in which a coupling flange is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stationary wheel and the coupling flange is coupled to the knuckle by a coupling member (for example, a bolt). .
In these cases, it is preferable to form a surface treatment film made of metal zinc flakes and a binder having a large electric resistance on the surface of the above-mentioned coupling member.
In this way, even when an electrolyte such as rainwater is applied between the coupling member and the knuckle and stationary ring, rust is generated on the surfaces of the coupling member, knuckle and stationary ring. It is possible to effectively prevent the contact surfaces of the coupling member, the knuckle and the stationary ring from being rusted.

図１は、請求項１〜７に対応する、本発明の実施例１を示している。尚、本実施例の特徴は、ナックル３と外輪６ｃとの結合部の構造にある。その他の部分の構造及び作用は、外側の内輪軌道１６ａをハブ８ｂの中間部に外嵌した別体の内輪１８ａの外周面に形成している点を除き、前述の図３に示した従来構造と同様である。この為、重複する説明は省略若しくは簡略にし、以下、本実施例の特徴部分を中心に説明する。   FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1 to 7. The feature of this embodiment is the structure of the connecting portion between the knuckle 3 and the outer ring 6c. The structure and operation of the other parts are the same as those of the conventional structure shown in FIG. 3, except that the outer ring raceway 16a on the outer side is formed on the outer peripheral surface of a separate inner ring 18a fitted on the intermediate part of the hub 8b. It is the same. For this reason, the overlapping description will be omitted or simplified, and the following description will focus on the features of this embodiment.

本実施例の場合、上記ナックル３は、軽合金の一種であるマグネシウム合金により造っている。一方、上記外輪６ｃは、鋼の一種であるＡＩＳＩ １０７０材により造っている。又、この外輪６ｃの内周面に形成した複列の外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂ部分には、高周波焼き入れ処理を施している。又、前述した様な表面処理方法によって、上記外輪６ｃの表面のうち、上記ナックル３の表面と当接する部分及びその周辺部分（図１に太線で示した部分）に、金属亜鉛フレークとクロム酸のバインダー（電気抵抗が大きいバインダー）とから成る表面処理皮膜３２ａを形成している。具体的には、この表面処理皮膜３２ａを、上記外輪６ｃの外周面に設けた結合フランジ１２の外周面と、この結合フランジ１２の内側面と、上記外輪６ｃの外周面のうちこの結合フランジ１２よりも内側の部分と、この外輪６ｃの内端面とに、互いに連続する状態で形成している。尚、この様に表面処理皮膜３２ａを形成した部分のうち、上記結合フランジ１２の内側面、並びに、この結合フランジ１２に対して軸方向内側に隣接する状態で設けた円筒状の嵌合面３３が、それぞれ上記ナックル３と当接する。   In this embodiment, the knuckle 3 is made of a magnesium alloy which is a kind of light alloy. On the other hand, the outer ring 6c is made of AISI 1070 material which is a kind of steel. In addition, the double-row outer ring raceways 11a and 11b formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 6c are subjected to induction hardening. Further, by the surface treatment method as described above, the portion of the surface of the outer ring 6c that comes into contact with the surface of the knuckle 3 and the peripheral portion thereof (the portion indicated by the thick line in FIG. 1) are coated with metal zinc flakes and chromic acid. The surface treatment film 32a is formed of a binder (a binder having a large electric resistance). Specifically, the surface treatment film 32a is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the coupling flange 12 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 6c, the inner surface of the coupling flange 12, and the coupling flange 12 of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 6c. The inner ring portion and the inner end surface of the outer ring 6c are continuous with each other. Of the portions where the surface treatment film 32a is formed in this way, the inner surface of the coupling flange 12 and the cylindrical fitting surface 33 provided in a state adjacent to the coupling flange 12 on the inner side in the axial direction. Are in contact with the knuckle 3, respectively.

又、図示の例では更に、複数個の玉１９、１９を設置した空間の内端開口部を塞ぐシールリング２１ｂを構成する各部材のうち、外部空間に露出する状態で設けたＳＰＣＣ材若しくはＳＵＳ材製の芯金若しくはスリンガ（詳しい図示を省略）の軸方向内側面（図１の太線で示した部分。但し、実際には全表面。）にも、上記表面処理皮膜３２ａと同様の表面処理皮膜３２ｂを施している。   Further, in the illustrated example, among the members constituting the seal ring 21b that closes the inner end opening of the space where the plurality of balls 19, 19 are installed, the SPCC material or SUS provided in a state exposed to the external space. Surface treatment similar to the above-described surface treatment film 32a is also applied to the axial inner side surface of the metal core or slinger (detailed illustration is omitted) (the portion indicated by the thick line in FIG. 1, but actually the entire surface). A coating 32b is applied.

又、本例の場合、上記ナックル３と上記外輪６ｃとを結合固定する為に使用する複数本のボルト７ａは、それぞれ鋼の一種であるＳ４５Ｃ材により造っている。本例の場合、これら各ボルト７ａには、熱処理を施していない。又、本例の場合、これら各ボルト７ａの表面全体（図１に太線で示した部分）に、上記各表面処理皮膜３２ａ、３２ｂと同様の表面処理皮膜３２ｃを形成している。   In the case of this example, the plurality of bolts 7a used for coupling and fixing the knuckle 3 and the outer ring 6c are made of S45C material, which is a kind of steel. In the case of this example, these bolts 7a are not heat-treated. In the case of this example, the surface treatment film 32c similar to the surface treatment films 32a and 32b is formed on the entire surface of each bolt 7a (portion indicated by a thick line in FIG. 1).

上述の様に、本例の車輪支持用軸受ユニット及び車輪支持装置の場合には、外輪６ｃの表面のうちナックル３と当接する部分及びその周辺部分と、内側のシールリング２１ｂを構成する芯金若しくはスリンガの外面と、複数本のボルト７ａの表面全体とに、それぞれ表面処理皮膜３２ａ、３２ｂ、３２ｃを形成している。この為、本例の場合には、雨水等による電解液が、上記ナックル３を構成するマグネシウム合金と上記外輪６ｃ及び芯金若しくはスリンガ及び各ボルト７ａを構成する鋼との間に掛け渡される状態で付着するのを防止できる。従って、これら各鋼から上記電解液中に鉄イオンが溶け込む事を有効に防止できる為、この鉄イオンが上記マグネシウム合金の表面に付着してこのマグネシウム合金の表面を腐食させる（更には孔蝕を生じさせる）事を有効に防止できる。又、上記各表面処理皮膜３２ａ、３２ｂ、３２ｃを構成する金属亜鉛フレークが上記各鋼の代わりに犠牲腐食する為、これら各鋼の表面が腐食する事を有効に防止できる。この結果、本例の場合には、上記ナックル３及び上記外輪６ｃ及び上記芯金若しくはスリンガ及び上記各ボルト７ａの表面に錆が発生する事を有効に防止できる。この為、上記ナックル３と上記外輪６ｃ及び各ボルト７ａとの互いの接触面同士が錆び付く事を防止できる。更に、本例の場合には、上記各表面処理皮膜３２ａ、３２ｂ、３２ｃを構成するバインダーとして電気抵抗の大きいクロム酸を使用している為、前述した様に、上記各表面処理皮膜３２ａ、３２ｂ、３２ｃの寿命を十分に確保できる。従って、本例の場合には、上述した様な効果を長期間得られる。   As described above, in the case of the wheel support bearing unit and the wheel support device of the present example, the portion of the surface of the outer ring 6c that comes into contact with the knuckle 3 and its peripheral portion, and the core bar constituting the inner seal ring 21b. Alternatively, surface treatment films 32a, 32b, and 32c are formed on the outer surface of the slinger and the entire surface of the plurality of bolts 7a, respectively. For this reason, in the case of this example, the electrolyte solution by rainwater etc. is spanned between the magnesium alloy which comprises the said knuckle 3, and the steel which comprises the said outer ring | wheel 6c, a metal core or slinger, and each bolt 7a. Can be prevented. Therefore, since it is possible to effectively prevent the iron ions from being dissolved into the electrolyte solution from each of these steels, the iron ions adhere to the surface of the magnesium alloy and corrode the surface of the magnesium alloy (further, pitting corrosion is further caused. Can be effectively prevented. Further, since the metal zinc flakes constituting the surface treatment films 32a, 32b, and 32c are sacrificial in place of the steels, it is possible to effectively prevent the surfaces of the steels from being corroded. As a result, in the case of this example, it is possible to effectively prevent rust from being generated on the surfaces of the knuckle 3, the outer ring 6c, the core metal or slinger, and the bolts 7a. For this reason, it can prevent that the mutual contact surfaces of the said knuckle 3, the said outer ring | wheel 6c, and each bolt 7a rust. Furthermore, in the case of this example, chromic acid having a large electric resistance is used as the binder constituting each of the surface treatment films 32a, 32b, and 32c. 32c can be sufficiently secured. Therefore, in the case of this example, the effects as described above can be obtained for a long time.

特に、本例の場合には、前述したナックルと静止輪との間に絶縁部材を挟持する従来構造の様に部品点数が増加する事がない為、組立作業が面倒になる事はない。又、前述した静止輪に塗装を施した従来構造に比べて、上記外輪６ｃ及び上記各ボルト７ａの表面に形成する表面処理皮膜３２ａ、３２ｃの厚さを十分に小さく（例えば１０μｍ以下に）する事ができる。この為、上記外輪６ｃと上記ナックル３との嵌合締代、並びに、上記各ボルト７ａと上記ナックル３及び上記外輪６ｃとの係合締代を、所望値（例えば５０〜１００μｍ）に規制するのが容易となる。更に、上記各表面処理皮膜３２ａ、３２ｂ、３２ｃを形成する過程で酸洗い等の処理を行なわない為、下地部分に水素脆性が生じる事はない。従って、水素脆性が生じない分、耐食性確保を図れる。   In particular, in the case of this example, the number of parts does not increase as in the conventional structure in which the insulating member is sandwiched between the knuckle and the stationary wheel, so that the assembly work is not troublesome. Further, the thickness of the surface treatment films 32a and 32c formed on the surfaces of the outer ring 6c and the bolts 7a is made sufficiently smaller (for example, 10 μm or less) than the conventional structure in which the stationary wheel is coated. I can do things. For this reason, the fitting tightening allowance between the outer ring 6c and the knuckle 3 and the engagement tightening allowance between the bolts 7a, the knuckle 3 and the outer ring 6c are restricted to desired values (for example, 50 to 100 μm). It becomes easy. Further, since the pickling process is not performed in the process of forming the surface treatment films 32a, 32b, and 32c, hydrogen embrittlement does not occur in the base portion. Therefore, the corrosion resistance can be ensured as much as hydrogen embrittlement does not occur.

尚、上述した実施例１では、上記外輪６ｃの表面のうち、上記ナックル３の表面と当接する部分及びその周辺部分にのみ、表面処理皮膜３２ａを形成した。但し、本発明を実施する場合には、この表面処理皮膜３２ａを、上記外輪６ｃの表面のうち外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂ及び各シールリング２１ａ、２１ｂの嵌合面を除く全範囲に形成する事もできる。この様な範囲で上記表面処理皮膜３２ａを形成する場合には、上記各外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂ及びシールリングの嵌合面にマスキングを施した状態で上記外輪６ｃの表面に上記表面処理皮膜３２ａを形成する方法を採用する他、一旦、上記外輪６ｃの表面全体に上記表面処理皮膜３２ａを形成した後、上記各外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂ及び嵌合面に研削加工を施して、当該部分の表面処理皮膜３２ａを削り取る方法を採用する事もできる。   In the first embodiment described above, the surface treatment film 32a is formed only on the surface of the outer ring 6c that is in contact with the surface of the knuckle 3 and its peripheral portion. However, when the present invention is carried out, the surface treatment film 32a may be formed on the entire surface of the outer ring 6c except for the fitting surfaces of the outer ring raceways 11a and 11b and the seal rings 21a and 21b. it can. When the surface treatment film 32a is formed in such a range, the surface treatment film 32a is formed on the surface of the outer ring 6c in a state where the outer ring raceways 11a and 11b and the fitting surface of the seal ring are masked. In addition to adopting a forming method, once the surface treatment film 32a is once formed on the entire surface of the outer ring 6c, the outer ring raceways 11a and 11b and the fitting surface are subjected to grinding, and the surface treatment of the part is performed. A method of scraping off the film 32a can also be employed.

又、本発明を実施する場合には、互いに結合するナックルと静止輪とのうちの少なくとも一方の表面に表面処理皮膜を形成する。従って、上述した実施例１の場合とは異なり、この表面処理皮膜を上記ナックルの表面にのみ形成したり、或はこの表面処理皮膜をこのナックルと上記静止輪との双方の表面に形成する事もできる。但し、上述した実施例１の場合、上記ナックル３はマグネシウム合金製としており、このマグネシウム合金の表面には金属亜鉛フレークとクロム酸のバインダーとから成る表面処理皮膜を形成しにくいと言う事情がある。この為、上述した実施例１の場合には、当該表面処理皮膜を静止輪である外輪６ｃの表面（及び上記各ボルト７ａの表面）にのみ形成する事として、製造の容易化を図っている。   When the present invention is carried out, a surface treatment film is formed on the surface of at least one of the knuckle and stationary ring that are coupled to each other. Therefore, unlike the case of Example 1 described above, the surface treatment film is formed only on the surface of the knuckle, or the surface treatment film is formed on the surfaces of both the knuckle and the stationary ring. You can also. However, in the case of Example 1 described above, the knuckle 3 is made of a magnesium alloy, and it is difficult to form a surface treatment film composed of metallic zinc flakes and a chromic acid binder on the surface of the magnesium alloy. . For this reason, in the case of Example 1 described above, the surface treatment film is formed only on the surface of the outer ring 6c (and the surface of each of the bolts 7a) that is a stationary ring, thereby facilitating manufacture. .

次に、図２は、請求項４〜７に対応する、本発明の実施例２を示している。本例の場合、外輪６は、鋼の一種であるＳ５３Ｃ材により造っている。一方、ナックル３ｂは、軽合金の一種であるアルミニウム合金により造っている（具体的には、アルミダイキャストにより造っている）。又、前述した様な表面処理方法により、このナックル３ｂの表面のうち、上記外輪６の表面と当接する部分及びその周辺部分（図２に太線で示した部分）に、金属亜鉛フレークと珪素系無機バインダー（電気抵抗が大きいバインダー）とから成る、表面処理皮膜３２ｄを形成している。具体的には、この表面処理皮膜３２ｄを、上記外輪６を構成する結合フランジ１２よりも径寸法を大きくした、上記ナックル３ｂの外側面（図２の左側面）と、このナックル３ｂの内周面外半部（図２の左半部）とに、互いに連続する状態で形成している。尚、この様に表面処理皮膜３２ｄを形成した部分のうち、上記ナックル３ｂの外側面で上記結合フランジ１２の内側面と対向する部分、並びに、このナックル３ｂの内周面で上記外輪６の外周面の内端寄り部分に設けた嵌合面３３と対向する部分が、それぞれ上記外輪６と当接する。   Next, FIG. 2 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention corresponding to claims 4-7. In the case of this example, the outer ring 6 is made of S53C material which is a kind of steel. On the other hand, the knuckle 3b is made of an aluminum alloy which is a kind of light alloy (specifically, it is made by aluminum die casting). Further, by the surface treatment method as described above, the portion of the surface of the knuckle 3b that is in contact with the surface of the outer ring 6 and the peripheral portion thereof (the portion indicated by the bold line in FIG. 2) A surface treatment film 32d made of an inorganic binder (a binder having a high electric resistance) is formed. Specifically, the surface treatment film 32d is formed such that the diameter of the surface treatment film 32d is larger than that of the coupling flange 12 constituting the outer ring 6, and the inner surface of the knuckle 3b. It forms in the state which mutually continues in an out-of-plane half part (left half part of FIG. 2). Of the portion where the surface treatment film 32d is thus formed, the outer surface of the knuckle 3b is opposed to the inner surface of the coupling flange 12, and the inner peripheral surface of the knuckle 3b is the outer periphery of the outer ring 6. Portions facing the fitting surface 33 provided near the inner end of the surface abut against the outer ring 6.

又、本例の場合、上記ナックル３ｂと上記外輪６とを結合する為に使用する複数本のボルト７ａは、上述した実施例１の場合と同様、それぞれ鋼の一種であるＳ４５Ｃ材により造っている。但し、本例の場合、これら各ボルト７ａには、焼き入れ硬化処理を施している。又、本例の場合も、上述した実施例１の場合と同様、これら各ボルト７ａの表面全体（図１に太線で示した部分）に、上記各表面処理皮膜３２ｄと同様の表面処理皮膜３２ｅを形成している。   In the case of this example, the plurality of bolts 7a used for connecting the knuckle 3b and the outer ring 6 are made of S45C material, which is a kind of steel, as in the case of the first embodiment. Yes. However, in the case of this example, these bolts 7a are subjected to quench hardening treatment. Also in the case of this example, as in the case of Example 1 described above, the same surface treatment film 32e as each of the above surface treatment films 32d is formed on the entire surface of each bolt 7a (portion indicated by a thick line in FIG. 1). Is forming.

上述の様に、本例の車輪支持用軸受ユニット及び車輪支持装置の場合には、ナックル３ｂの表面のうち外輪６の表面と当接する部分及びその周辺部分と、複数本のボルト７ａの表面全体とに、それぞれ表面処理皮膜３２ｄ、３２ｅを形成している。この為、本例の場合も、雨水等による電解液が、上記ナックル３ｂを構成するアルミニウム合金と上記外輪６及び各ボルト７ａを構成する鋼との間に掛け渡される状態で付着するのを防止できる。従って、本例の場合には、上記外輪６を構成する鋼から上記電解液に鉄イオンが溶け込んだ場合でも、この鉄イオンが上記ナックル３ｂを構成するアルミニウム合金の表面に付着する事を有効に防止できる為、このアルミニウム合金の表面が腐食する事を有効に防止できる。本例の場合には、このアルミニウム合金の表面が腐食する代わりに、このアルミニウム合金の表面に形成した上記表面処理皮膜３２ｄを構成する金属亜鉛フレークが犠牲腐食する。   As described above, in the case of the wheel support bearing unit and the wheel support device of this example, the portion of the surface of the knuckle 3b that contacts the surface of the outer ring 6 and its peripheral portion, and the entire surface of the plurality of bolts 7a. In addition, surface treatment films 32d and 32e are formed, respectively. For this reason, also in the case of this example, it is prevented that the electrolytic solution by rainwater or the like adheres in a state of being spanned between the aluminum alloy constituting the knuckle 3b and the steel constituting the outer ring 6 and each bolt 7a. it can. Therefore, in the case of this example, even when iron ions are dissolved in the electrolyte from the steel constituting the outer ring 6, it is effective that the iron ions adhere to the surface of the aluminum alloy constituting the knuckle 3b. Since it can prevent, it can prevent effectively that the surface of this aluminum alloy corrodes. In the case of this example, instead of corroding the surface of the aluminum alloy, the metal zinc flakes constituting the surface treatment film 32d formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy are sacrificially corroded.

又、本例の場合、上記表面処理皮膜３２ｅを構成する金属亜鉛フレークが犠牲腐食する為、上記各ボルト７ａを挿通した通孔１３の内周面が腐食する事を有効に防止できる。この結果、本例の場合には、上記ナックル３ｂの表面（通孔１３の内周面も含む）に錆が発生する事を有効に防止できる。この為、上記ナックル３ｂと上記外輪６及び各ボルト７ａとの互いの接触面同士が錆び付く事を防止できる。その他の部分の構成及び作用は、第一内輪軌道１６ａをハブ８の中間部外周面に直接形成している点を除き、上述の図１に示した実施例１の場合と同様である。
尚、上述した実施例２では、ナックルの一部にのみ表面処理皮膜を形成したが、本発明を実施する場合、この表面処理皮膜は、上記ナックルの表面全体に形成しても良い。 Further, in the case of this example, since the metal zinc flakes constituting the surface treatment film 32e are sacrificially corroded, it is possible to effectively prevent the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13 through which each bolt 7a is inserted from being corroded. As a result, in the case of this example, it is possible to effectively prevent rust from being generated on the surface of the knuckle 3b (including the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 13). For this reason, it can prevent that the mutual contact surfaces of the said knuckle 3b, the said outer ring | wheel 6, and each volt | bolt 7a adhere. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 except that the first inner ring raceway 16a is formed directly on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hub 8.
In Example 2 described above, the surface treatment film is formed only on a part of the knuckle. However, when the present invention is carried out, this surface treatment film may be formed on the entire surface of the knuckle.

又、図示は省略するが、本発明は、上述した実施例１、２の構造に限らず、例えば前述の図４〜６に示した様な車輪支持用軸受ユニット及び車輪支持装置に対しても適用可能である。即ち、このうちの図４〜５に示した構造の場合には、静止輪である外輪６ａ及び軸部材２８の外周面に、それぞれナックルに結合固定する為の結合フランジ１２を設けている。この為、上述した実施例１、２の場合とほぼ同様にして、本発明を適用できる。又、図６に示した構造の場合には、例えば、軽合金製のナックル３ａの内周面及び先端面、鋼製の外輪６ｂの外周面及び両端面、やはり鋼製の止め輪３１の表面全体、１対のシールリング２１ａ、２１ｂを構成する鋼製の芯金若しくはスリンガの外面等に表面処理皮膜を形成する事により、本発明を適用できる。   Although not shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the structure of the first and second embodiments described above, and is also applicable to the wheel support bearing unit and the wheel support device as shown in FIGS. Applicable. That is, in the case of the structure shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, the coupling flange 12 for coupling and fixing to the knuckle is provided on the outer ring surface of the outer ring 6 a and the shaft member 28 that are stationary wheels. For this reason, the present invention can be applied in substantially the same manner as in the first and second embodiments. In the case of the structure shown in FIG. 6, for example, the inner peripheral surface and the front end surface of the light alloy knuckle 3a, the outer peripheral surface and both end surfaces of the steel outer ring 6b, and the surface of the steel retaining ring 31 are also used. The present invention can be applied by forming a surface treatment film on the outer surfaces of steel core bars or slinger constituting the pair of seal rings 21a and 21b as a whole.

本発明の実施例１を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows Example 1 of this invention. 同実施例２を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the same Example 2. FIG. 従来構造の第１例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the 1st example of a conventional structure. 同第２例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the 2nd example. 同第３例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the 3rd example. 同第４例を示す部分断面図。The fragmentary sectional view which shows the 4th example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ ホイール
２ 制動用回転部材
３、３ａ、３ｂ ナックル
４、４ａ、４ｂ 車輪支持用軸受ユニット
５、５ａ 支持孔
６、６ａ、６ｂ、６ｃ 外輪
７、７ａ ボルト
８、８ａ、８ｂ ハブ
９ スタッド
１０ ナット
１１ａ、１１ｂ 外輪軌道
１２ 結合フランジ
１３ 通孔
１４ ねじ孔
１５ 取付フランジ
１６ａ、１６ｂ 内輪軌道
１７ 小径段部
１８、１８ａ 内輪
１９ 玉
２０ 保持器
２１ａ、２１ｂ シールリング
２２ スプライン孔
２３ 等速ジョイント
２４ スプライン軸
２５ 円筒部
２６ かしめ部
２７ 段差面
２８ 軸部材
２９ 段差面
３０ 係止溝
３１ 止め輪
３２ａ〜３２ｅ 表面処理皮膜
３３ 嵌合面 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wheel 2 Rotating member for braking 3, 3a, 3b Knuckle 4, 4a, 4b Bearing unit for wheel support 5, 5a Support hole 6, 6a, 6b, 6c Outer ring 7, 7a Bolt 8, 8a, 8b Hub 9 Stud 10 Nut 11a, 11b Outer ring raceway 12 Coupling flange 13 Through hole 14 Screw hole 15 Mounting flange 16a, 16b Inner ring raceway 17 Small diameter step part 18, 18a Inner ring 19 Ball 20 Cage 21a, 21b Seal ring 22 Spline hole 23 Constant velocity joint 24 Spline shaft 25 Cylindrical portion 26 Caulking portion 27 Stepped surface 28 Shaft member 29 Stepped surface 30 Locking groove 31 Retaining ring 32a to 32e Surface treatment film 33 Fitting surface

Claims (7)

静止側周面に静止側軌道を有し、使用時に懸架装置を構成する軽合金製のナックルに結合した状態で回転しない鋼製の静止輪と、上記静止側周面に対向する回転側周面に回転側軌道を有し、使用時に車輪を支持固定した状態で回転する回転輪と、上記静止側軌道と上記回転側軌道との間に転動自在に設けられた複数個の転動体とを備えた車輪支持用軸受ユニットに於いて、上記静止輪の表面のうち少なくとも上記ナックルと当接する部分に、金属亜鉛フレークと電気抵抗の大きいバインダーとから成る表面処理皮膜を形成した事を特徴とする車輪支持用軸受ユニット。   A stationary ring made of steel that has a stationary side track on the stationary side circumferential surface and does not rotate when used in combination with a light alloy knuckle that constitutes a suspension system, and a rotational side circumferential surface that faces the stationary side circumferential surface A rotating wheel that rotates in a state where the wheel is supported and fixed at the time of use, and a plurality of rolling elements provided between the stationary side track and the rotating side track. In the wheel support bearing unit provided, a surface treatment film made of metal zinc flakes and a binder having a large electric resistance is formed on at least a portion of the surface of the stationary wheel that contacts the knuckle. Wheel support bearing unit. 静止輪の表面のうちナックルと当接する部分の周囲部分にも表面処理皮膜を、この当接する部分の表面処理皮膜と連続して形成した、請求項１に記載した車輪支持用軸受ユニット。   The wheel support bearing unit according to claim 1, wherein a surface treatment film is continuously formed on a peripheral portion of the surface of the stationary wheel, which is in contact with the knuckle, continuously with the surface treatment film of the contact portion. 静止輪の外周面に、ナックルに結合する為の結合フランジを設けている、請求項１〜２の何れかに記載した車輪支持用軸受ユニット。   The wheel support bearing unit according to claim 1, wherein a coupling flange for coupling to a knuckle is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the stationary wheel. 懸架装置を構成する軽合金製のナックルと、静止側周面に静止側軌道を有し、使用時にこのナックルに結合した状態で回転しない鋼製の静止輪と、上記静止側周面に対向する回転側周面に回転側軌道を有し、使用時に車輪を支持固定した状態で回転する回転輪と、上記静止側軌道と上記回転側軌道との間に転動自在に設けられた複数個の転動体とを備えた車輪支持装置に於いて、上記ナックルと上記静止輪とのうちの少なくとも一方の部材の表面のうち、少なくともこれらナックルと静止輪とのうちの他方の部材と当接する部分に、金属亜鉛フレークと電気抵抗の大きいバインダーとから成る表面処理皮膜を形成した事を特徴とする車輪支持装置。   A light alloy knuckle that constitutes the suspension system, a stationary side track on the stationary side circumferential surface, and a stationary steel wheel that does not rotate when coupled to this knuckle when in use, and faces the stationary side circumferential surface A rotating wheel having a rotating side track on the rotating side circumferential surface and rotating in a state where the wheel is supported and fixed in use, and a plurality of rolling wheels provided between the stationary side track and the rotating side track. In a wheel support device including a rolling element, at least a part of the surface of at least one member of the knuckle and the stationary wheel is in contact with the other member of the knuckle and the stationary wheel. A wheel support device characterized in that a surface treatment film comprising metal zinc flakes and a binder having a large electric resistance is formed. 少なくとも一方の部材の表面のうち他方の部材と当接する部分の周囲部分にも表面処理皮膜を、この当接する部分の表面処理皮膜と連続して形成した、請求項４に記載した車輪支持装置。   The wheel support device according to claim 4, wherein a surface treatment film is continuously formed on a peripheral portion of a portion of the surface of at least one member in contact with the other member in a continuous manner with the surface treatment film of the contact portion. 静止輪の外周面に結合フランジを設けると共に、この結合フランジをナックルに対して結合部材により結合している、請求項４〜５の何れかに記載した車輪支持装置。   The wheel support device according to any one of claims 4 to 5, wherein a coupling flange is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the stationary wheel, and the coupling flange is coupled to a knuckle by a coupling member. 結合部材の表面に、金属亜鉛フレークと電気抵抗の大きいバインダーとから成る表面処理皮膜を形成している、請求項６に記載した車輪支持装置。
The wheel support device according to claim 6, wherein a surface treatment film composed of metal zinc flakes and a binder having a large electric resistance is formed on a surface of the coupling member.
JP2003286834A 2003-08-05 2003-08-05 Bearing unit for supporting wheel, and wheel supporting device Pending JP2005054910A (en)

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Cited By (5)

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WO2005059386A1 (en) * 2003-12-16 2005-06-30 Ntn Corporation Rolling bearing
JP2007091078A (en) * 2005-09-29 2007-04-12 Ntn Corp Bearing device for wheel
WO2008090746A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Ntn Corporation Rotation speed detector-equipped bearing for wheel
CN103204055A (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-17 日信工业株式会社 Support structure for vehicle
WO2019015712A1 (en) * 2017-07-21 2019-01-24 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Wheel bearing arrangement having a coating

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005059386A1 (en) * 2003-12-16 2005-06-30 Ntn Corporation Rolling bearing
US7524115B2 (en) 2003-12-16 2009-04-28 Ntn Corporation Rolling bearing
JP2007091078A (en) * 2005-09-29 2007-04-12 Ntn Corp Bearing device for wheel
WO2008090746A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Ntn Corporation Rotation speed detector-equipped bearing for wheel
US8043010B2 (en) 2007-01-25 2011-10-25 Ntn Corporation Wheel bearing apparatus incorporated with a wheel speed detecting apparatus
JP2013144488A (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-25 Nissin Kogyo Co Ltd Support structure for vehicle
CN103204055A (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-17 日信工业株式会社 Support structure for vehicle
US9180914B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2015-11-10 Nissin Kogyo Co., Ltd. Support structure for vehicle
WO2019015712A1 (en) * 2017-07-21 2019-01-24 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Wheel bearing arrangement having a coating
DE102017116514A1 (en) * 2017-07-21 2019-01-24 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Wheel bearing assembly with a coating
CN110869221A (en) * 2017-07-21 2020-03-06 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 Wheel bearing device with coating
KR20200033849A (en) * 2017-07-21 2020-03-30 섀플러 테크놀로지스 아게 운트 코. 카게 Wheel bearing device with coating
US11098756B2 (en) 2017-07-21 2021-08-24 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Wheel bearing arrangement having a coating
EP3655258B1 (en) 2017-07-21 2022-05-18 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Wheel bearing unit with coating
KR102626242B1 (en) * 2017-07-21 2024-01-19 섀플러 테크놀로지스 아게 운트 코. 카게 Wheel bearing device with coating

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