JP2005048359A - Flat plate block having water permeability and water retentivity and road structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flat plate block having water permeability and water retentivity and a road structure capable of carrying out freeze suppression and snow melting action in winter and, at the same time, easing a heat island phenomenon in summer. <P>SOLUTION: The flat plate block is constituted of the approximately upper half part thereof having a porous concrete 1 with permeability and water retentivity or a porous mortar and the approximately lower half part having a usual concrete 2 with impermeability and placing a pipe 3 having a plurality of narrow holes in the intermediate site thereof. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a flat block made of porous concrete or porous mortar having water permeability and water retention, and used for melting snow in winter and mitigating heat island phenomenon in summer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, with regard to prevention of freezing of sidewalks and snow melting, so-called stationary methods are known in which devices and equipment are installed in a fixed place to prevent freezing and snow melting intensively in the place, and the equipment and equipment associated with these methods. Various proposals have been made. Also, as a pavement material for alleviating the heat island phenomenon in summer, pavement using various inorganic and organic water retention materials has been proposed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The so-called stationary type is a road surface snow melting device that directly heats the road surface with a heat source, and a heat pipe is buried directly under the target road surface to circulate fluid such as hot water for heat exchange or antifreeze liquid in the heat pipe. Thus, the road surface is heated, or a heating wire is buried in the road surface and directly heated to increase the road surface temperature and prevent freezing and snow melting on the road surface.
[0004]
As another example of the stationary type, a road surface snow melting device that sprays hot water or the like directly on the road surface, embeds a hot water spray pipe directly under the road surface as in the case of the heat pipe, and feeds hot water or the like into the pipe. The hot water is directly jetted onto the road surface by watering holes provided in the pipe to prevent freezing on the road surface and to melt snow. In addition, an apparatus has been proposed in which various sensors for detecting snowfall conditions and road surface conditions are installed, a pump or the like is controlled based on this information, and a solution as a snow melting agent is directly sprayed on the road surface.
[0005]
However, the heating of the road surface with a buried heat pipe or heating wire increases the construction cost and operation maintenance cost of these devices, and the installation location is limited in terms of economy. In addition, in a stationary apparatus that melts snow by directly spraying hot water or the like on the road surface, there is a problem that the snow melt sprayed from the pipe on the sidewalk is applied to a person's clothes.
And, in the pavement using the water retention material having water retention, the rain is stored for a certain period, but there is a problem that the effect does not last long when there is no water supply such as rain. In addition, there is no device that can efficiently melt snow in winter and alleviate the heat island phenomenon in summer.
[0006]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the problem to be solved is to supply water or water containing a snow melting agent on the road surface without being applied to a person's clothes, and the construction cost. Another object of the present invention is to provide a flat block that is low in maintenance cost and easy to handle, and that performs freezing suppression and snow melting in the winter, and that alleviates the heat island phenomenon in the summer.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The means taken by the present invention to solve the above problems is that the upper half is made of porous concrete or porous mortar having water permeability and water retention, and the lower half is ordinary concrete, with a plurality of fine particles in the middle. It constitutes a flat block in which a tube with a hole is arranged. By supplying water or snow-melting water containing a snow-melting agent in the pipe onto the flat plate surface, it is difficult to freeze in the winter season, and in the summer, the heat island phenomenon can be mitigated.
[0008]
In addition, when the upper half concrete only has water permeability, it only functions as a filter for watering snowmelt water or water from the pipe onto the sidewalk, whereas the upper half concrete also has water retention. Even when the water discharged from the pipe is stored and, for example, the water supply is intermittently performed, the snow melting effect and the effect of mitigating the heat island phenomenon can be maintained.
[0009]
In addition, in order to reinforce the strength of the flat block in which the upper half is made of porous concrete or porous mortar, reinforcing bars should be placed on the normal concrete part of the lower half to give the flat block sufficient strength for handling. Can also.
[0010]
Moreover, as described in claim 2, the water permeability of the porous mortar having water permeability and water retention is 1.0 × 10 ^{−3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁻² cm / s, and the water absorption rate Can be made 10 to 15%.
[0011]
Further, as described in claim 3, the flat plate block has a hollow portion into which the tube is previously placed, and after the flat plate block is continuously installed, the pipe is installed in the hollow portion. Can do.
[0012]
Further, as described in claim 4, when the tube of the flat plate block is manufactured integrally with the flat plate block in advance and several flat plate blocks are continuously installed, the male members are connected to each other. It can be a female structure. Here, the male-female structure means a structure in which a tube has a convex portion and a concave portion, and the convex portion and the concave portion are fitted and connected to each other when the flat plate block is connected.
[0013]
Further, as described in claim 5, an inner pipe can be provided at the connecting portion of the pipe, and when several flat plate blocks are continuously installed by the inner pipe, Even if a gap or unevenness occurs, the tube continues. In addition, about the water leak in the connection part of a pipe | tube, it can reduce by filling a gap | interval with an adjacent block with mortar or cement milk. Here, the inner pipe is a structure in which another thin pipe is provided inside the connecting portion of the pipe and the inner inner pipe enters and is connected to the outer pipe when the plate block is connected.
[0014]
Further, as described in claim 6, since the flat plate is always wet with water, the surface of the flat plate can be coated with a photocatalyst to prevent moss from breeding and slipping and falling. Furthermore, unevenness of 1 to 30 mm is provided on the surface of the flat plate, and the surface photocatalyst may be difficult to remove even if a person walks.
[0015]
Further, as described in claim 7, a snow melting agent storage tank is provided in the installation portion of the flat plate block tube, and the upper half has a male-female structure and is integrated and removable at the time of installation. It can be a structure.
[0016]
Claim 8 is the structure of a road surface such as a sidewalk, a roadway, and a parking lot, and the lower half is constructed with ordinary concrete. That is, a flat block made of porous concrete or porous mortar having water permeability and water retention on the upper side is arranged a pipe having a plurality of pores on a concrete surface on which impermeable ordinary concrete is applied. The other structure is installed.
[0017]
Since sidewalk plates usually use snowmelt rather than snowmelt, the cost associated with tap water is expensive. As a countermeasure, a snow melting agent storage area is provided around the pipe, and when the snow melting water flows out of the pipe, the snow melting agent dissolves and mixes with the momentum of the flowing water, and the snow melting water penetrates the flat plate surface. To melt snow. Thereby, even if there is no tap water, a snow melting effect can be given by supplying a small amount of snow melting water with a water truck or the like and dissolving and mixing the snow melting agent.
[0018]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a flat block having water permeability and water retention according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a photocatalyst formed on the surface by forming irregularities of 1 to 30 mm on the surface of the flat block having water permeability and water retention. Sectional drawing of the state which coat | covered is shown. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another form of flat plate block having water permeability and water retention according to the present invention.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 1, a flat block having water permeability and water retention is composed of concrete 1 having water permeability and water retention in the upper half and ordinary concrete 2 in the lower half. A PVC pipe 3 having a snow melt water outlet is buried in the center thereof. Therefore, when snowmelt water passes through the PVC pipe 3, it flows out from the blowout hole to the water-permeable and water-retaining concrete 1, which can spring out to the surface of the flat plate, and the PVC pipe 3 is directly piped on the sidewalk. Unlike the case where snowmelt water is ejected from there, the snowmelt water gradually comes out on the sidewalk, so that even if a person walks, the clothes do not get wet.
[0020]
As the concrete 1 having water permeability and water retention, the water permeability coefficient of porous mortar was examined. There was a tube having an inner diameter of 4 cm and a length of 10 cm, and this tube was filled with porous mortar. As a result of examining the water flow rate, there was a water flow rate of about 13 liters a day. Thus, the permeability coefficient of the porous mortar is about 3.4 × 10 ⁻² cm / s. The water permeability coefficient can also be adjusted by changing the composition of the porous mortar and the compaction density.
[0021]
The water absorption rate of the porous mortar having water permeability and water retention was examined. There was a tube having an inner diameter of 4 cm and a length of 10 cm, and the water absorption rate when the porous mortar was filled in the tube was examined. As a result, the water absorption rate of the porous mortar was 12%. The water absorption rate can also be adjusted by changing the composition and compaction density of the porous mortar or containing an adsorbent or fiber.
[0022]
In the above embodiment, the PVC pipe 3 is used as a pipe for blowing snowmelt water, but other pipes can be used freely.
[0023]
In order to investigate the effect of this flat plate block, the upper half is made of porous mortar with water permeability and water retention, and the lower half is made of ordinary concrete with water impermeability. The snow depth during snowfall was investigated. As a result, the snow depth was about 6 cm less when the snow melting agent was dropped than when the snow melting agent was not dropped.
[0024]
In addition, as a flat block having water permeability and water retention and a device including the same, the upper half water permeability and water retention concrete 1 and the lower half ordinary concrete 2 and the intermediate PVC pipe 3 are integrated in the factory. In the factory, a flat plate made of only concrete 1 with water permeability and water holding capacity of the upper half was produced. At the site, the lower half of ordinary concrete 2 was first constructed, and the pipe was After laying, it is also possible to lay a flat plate made only of concrete 1 with water permeability and water retention capacity of the upper half produced at the factory.
[0025]
In addition, since the slabs on the surface of the flat block may be generated other than during snowfall and people may slip and fall, the surface is provided with irregularities 4 as shown in FIG. 2, and a photocatalyst is formed on the surface. Need to be coated.
[0026]
Next, a flat block having water permeability and water retention as another embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the flat plate block of another form having water permeability and water retention corresponds to the case where snowmelt water cannot be secured at the laying place, and snowmelt agent 5 is provided around the piped PVC pipe 3. When the stored storage portion 6 is provided and the snow melting water flows out from the PVC pipe 3, the snow melting agent is dissolved and mixed by the flowing water to flow out, and the snow melting agent is permeated into the plate block surface to melt the snow. is there. According to this method, even if there is no tap water, a snow melting effect can be provided by supplying a small amount of snow melting water with a water truck or the like and dissolving and mixing the snow melting agent.
[0027]
In addition, as a construction method in this case, a flat plate made of concrete 1 having water permeability and water retention capacity in the upper half is manufactured at a factory, and a storage portion 6 of the snow melting agent 5 is formed in the lower half ordinary concrete 2 at the site. Thus, after laying the PVC pipe 3, it can be constructed by laying a flat plate made of concrete 1 with water permeability and water retention of the upper half produced in the factory.
[0028]
In this case, the upper half of the flat plate needs to be removable so that the snow melting agent 5 can be replenished to the storage portion 6 later. For this purpose, the factory-made flat plate side ends have a male-female structure and need to be connected by meshing. In addition, the retaining concrete 7a is applied to at least one end, and the upper half of the retaining concrete 7b on the other side has a structure that can be removed by, for example, a bolt.
[0029]
FIG. 4 is a specific example showing the connection structure of the PVC pipe 3 embedded in the flat plate block. When the PVC pipe of the flat plate block is manufactured in advance with the flat plate block and several flat plate blocks are continuously installed, a male-female structure can be formed so as to be connected to each other. That is, one concave portion 8 of the PVC pipe 3 is formed and a convex portion 9 is provided on the other, and the convex portion 9 and the concave portion 8 are fitted and connected to each other when the flat plate block is connected.
[0030]
FIG. 5 is a specific example showing another connection structure of the PVC pipe 3 embedded in the flat block. In the connection structure of the PVC pipe 3 shown in FIG. 4, the inner pipe 10 is inserted into the convex portion 9 protruding from the flat plate block. When connecting the flat plate block, the convex portion 9 is fitted into the concave portion 8 of the PVC pipe 3 of the adjacent flat plate block, and the inner pipe 10 is fitted into the PVC pipe 3 and connected. Accordingly, the PVC pipe 3 continues even if a gap or unevenness between adjacent flat blocks occurs. In addition, about the water leak in the connection part of the vinyl chloride pipe 3, it can reduce by filling a gap | interval with an adjacent block with mortar or cement milk. Here, the inner tube 10 has another thin tube inside the connecting portion of the PVC tube 3, and the inner tube 10 can enter and be connected to the outer tube when the plate block is connected.
[0031]
As described above, the configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the size and shape of the flat plate, the shape and material of the pipe to be piped therein, the number and size of the holes provided in the pipe, the shape and size of the snow melting agent storage tank, etc. depend on local conditions and weather conditions Changed. When the snow melting section or the end of the water retention pavement target section is long, the apparatus is installed continuously or at an appropriate interval. On the other hand, the construction site is not limited to a sidewalk, but can be applied to a parking lot or a roadway depending on the case.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
The flat block having water permeability and water retention of the present invention has a simple structure, so that the installation cost is low, and unmanned operation is possible except for the supplementation of snow melting agent and antifreezing agent or moisture. For this reason, labor saving of these spraying costs can be achieved. And since the main part is manufactured at the factory and it is only the work of installing it locally, the installation cost is greatly reduced. In addition, the upper half of the concrete has not only water permeability but also water retention, so even if the water released from the pipe is stored, for example, when water is supplied intermittently, the snow melting effect and the heat island effect are alleviated. Can last. Thereby, it becomes a flat block which is hard to freeze in winter, and whose surface temperature does not rise easily in summer.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a structure of a flat block of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a non-slip structure of a flat block.
FIG. 3 is a water-saving flat block.
FIG. 4 is a connection structure of a PVC pipe of a flat block.
FIG. 5 is a connection structure of a PVC pipe of a flat block.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Concrete with water permeability and water retention 2 Regular concrete 3 PVC pipe 4 Concavity and convexity 5 Snow melting agent 6 Storage part 7 Stopping concrete 8 Concave part 9 Convex part 10 Inner pipe

Claims (8)

The upper half is made of porous concrete or porous mortar having water permeability and water retention, and the lower half is ordinary water impervious concrete having a plurality of pores in the middle. A flat block having water permeability and water retention, characterized by being arranged. The water permeability and water retentivity permeability of porous mortar with the ^{1.0 × 10 -3 ~1.0 × 10 -2} cm / s Further, water permeability of claim 1, wherein water absorption is 10-15% A flat block with properties and water retention. The flat plate block having water permeability and water retention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pipe is attached after the flat plate block is continuously installed. The water-permeable structure according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the pipe is manufactured integrally with a flat block in advance and has a male-female structure so that the flat block is connected immediately when the flat block is continuously installed. A flat block with properties and water retention. The flat plate block which has the water permeability and water retention property in any one of Claim 1, Claim 2, or Claim 4 which provided the inner pipe in the connection part of the said pipe | tube. The water permeability and water retention according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein the top end of the flat plate block is coated with a photocatalyst and further has irregularities of 1 to 30 mm. A flat plate block with sex. The flat plate block has a storage part for storing a snow melting agent such as sodium chloride in the installation part of the flat block, porous concrete or porous mortar having water permeability and water holding capacity about half of the upper side has a male-female connection structure, The flat block having water permeability and water retention according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, which is integrated and removable at the time of installation. . A pipe with a plurality of pores is placed on the concrete surface of impervious ordinary concrete, and a flat block made of porous concrete or porous mortar with water permeability and water retention is installed on the upper side. A road surface structure having water permeability and water retention characteristics.

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