JP2005047750A - Manufacturing method of glass cell and manufacturing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method of a glass cell from a tube with a bottom preventing formation of a flaw on the inner surface of the tube with a bottom and molding with high accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: This manufacturing process comprises a first process in which an angled inner mold 3 is inserted from the opening of a tube 4 with a bottom, then the pressure inside the tube 4 with a bottom is reduced while heating the tube 4 with a bottom and the inner surface of the tube 4 with a bottom is molded nearly in the form of the inner mold, and a second process in which the outer surface of the tube 4 with a bottom is molded in the form of an outer mold 5 by locating the outer mold 5 to the side of the tube 4 with a bottom and blow-pressurizing the inside of the tube 4 with a bottom. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus for a square-shaped glass cell used for chemical analysis.

  In chemical analysis, for example, an analyzer that fills a glass cell with a test sample that has reacted with a reagent, transmits light through the glass cell, and measures the absorption rate is used. As the glass cell used in this apparatus, a rectangular cell is used. This rectangular glass cell is formed using a bottomed tube made of glass as a base material.

In the production of glass cells, conventionally, an inner mold having an angular outer shape and an outer mold having an outer shape are used. In this production, after heating the bottomed tube to a temperature that can be molded by an electric furnace or the like, the square inner mold is pushed through the opening of the bottomed tube, and then the outer mold is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube. A bottomed tube is formed into a square shape between the inner mold and the outer mold. Then, after cooling, the outer mold is separated from the molded product, and the inner mold is pulled out of the molded product, and further cut into a predetermined length to obtain a finished product.
Japanese Patent No. 2788404

  In the conventional glass cell manufacturing, when the inner mold is pulled out from the molded product, the inner mold slides on the inner surface of the molded product, so that the inner surface of the molded product is rubbed and damaged. In the case where there is such a scratch, the light at the time of analysis is scattered, so that there is a problem that it cannot be analyzed with high accuracy. In addition, when the inner mold is pulled out, the molded product breaks if the inner mold vibrates or shakes.

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks without causing damage to the inner surface of the molded product when the inner mold is pulled out. It aims at providing the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of a glass cell.

  The method for manufacturing a glass cell according to claim 1 is the method for manufacturing a glass cell in which a glass cell is formed from a bottomed tube, the step of inserting a rectangular inner mold from an opening of the bottomed tube, A first step of forming the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube into a substantially inner shape by depressurizing the inside of the bottomed tube while heating the bottom tube, and placing an outer die on the side of the bottomed tube A second step of pressing the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube against the outer mold to form the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube into an outer mold shape by blow-pressing the inside of the bottomed tube in a state of being pressed. And

  In the first step of the first aspect of the invention, the inner mold shape is transferred to the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube by heating the inner bottom inserted tube with the bottomed tube and reducing the internal pressure, and in the second step, the blow pressure is applied. The bottomed tube is expanded by transferring the outer shape to the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube. In blow pressurization, the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube is in a non-contact state away from the inner mold. Therefore, the bottomed tube and the inner mold do not inadvertently contact each other, and the bottomed tube can be prevented from being damaged or cracked by the contact.

  Invention of Claim 2 is a manufacturing method of the glass cell of Claim 1, Comprising: The ridgeline of the said inner type | mold is chamfered, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In the invention of claim 2, since the ridgeline of the inner mold is chamfered, the corner portion of the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube formed by the inner mold does not become an acute angle. For this reason, the liquid of the test sample at the time of analysis is good, the adhesion residue is reduced, and the glass cell can be easily cleaned.

  Invention of Claim 3 is a manufacturing method of the glass cell of Claim 1 or 2, Comprising: In the said 1st process, it heats gradually toward the opening part from the bottom part of the said bottomed tube, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. To do.

In the invention of claim 3, since the bottomed tube can be formed at a temperature from the bottom side toward the opening side, it is possible to form from the bottom side and the moldability is improved.
Invention of Claim 4 is a manufacturing method of the glass cell in any one of Claims 1-3, Comprising: In the said 2nd process, the said outer type | mold is arrange | positioned in the position used as the final outer-diameter dimension of a glass cell. The outer surface of the bottomed tube is pressed into the outer mold by blow-pressing the inside of the bottomed tube, and the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube is formed into an outer mold shape.

  In blow pressurization, the outer peripheral surface of the expanded bottomed tube is pressed against an outer mold and molded. In the invention of claim 4, since the outer mold is arranged at a position matched with the outer diameter of the glass cell, the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube can be molded according to the outer diameter of the glass cell. This eliminates the need for grinding and polishing for size adjustment.

  Invention of Claim 5 is a manufacturing method of the glass cell in any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: In the said 2nd process, a bottom type | mold is arrange | positioned at the bottom part of the said bottomed tube, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. .

  In the invention of claim 5, the bottom mold functions to form the bottom portion of the bottomed tube and to set the thickness of the bottom portion to a specified thickness. For this reason, the bottom part of a glass cell can be shape | molded with high precision.

  Invention of Claim 6 is a manufacturing method of the glass cell in any one of Claims 1-5, Comprising: In a said 2nd process, a pressurized medium is blown in from the opening part of the said bottomed pipe, and inside a bottomed pipe Is characterized by being blow-pressed.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the pressurized medium is blown into the bottomed tube from the opening, the bottomed tube can be reliably blown and pressurized.

  Invention of Claim 7 is a manufacturing method of the glass cell of Claim 5, Comprising: After the said 2nd process, the said outer type | mold and bottom mold | type are cooled below to a glass transition point, and a bottomed pipe | tube is solidified. The method further includes a cooling step, and a separation step in which the outer die and the bottom die are retracted from the bottomed tube and separated from the bottomed tube.

  In the invention of claim 7, the bottomed tube is solidified by providing the cooling step, and the bottomed tube is separated from the outer mold and the bottom mold by providing the separation step. Thereby, the molded bottomed tube can be released.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the glass cell manufacturing method according to claim 7, wherein in the separation step, the outer mold and the bottom mold are separated in the vertical direction with respect to the molding surface of the molded bottomed tube. It is characterized by that.

  When the outer mold and the bottom mold are separated in the vertical direction as in the invention of claim 8, the outer mold and the bottom mold do not rub the bottomed tube. Thereby, the bottomed pipe can be prevented from being damaged by the outer mold and the bottom mold.

  The invention of claim 9 is the glass cell manufacturing method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein in the separation step, the bottom mold is separated from the bottomed tube, and then the outer mold is separated from the bottomed tube. It is characterized by making it.

  In the ninth aspect of the invention, when the bottom mold is separated, the bottomed tube is held by the outer mold, so that distortion of the outer peripheral surface can be prevented.

  Invention of Claim 10 is a manufacturing method of the glass cell in any one of Claims 7-9, Comprising: After the said separation process, after cutting a bottomed pipe | tube into required length, an inner type | mold is bottomed. Characterized by being separated from the tube.

  In the invention of claim 10, by cutting the bottomed tube, a glass cell having a desired length can be obtained and the inner mold can be recovered.

  An apparatus for manufacturing a glass cell according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is the glass cell manufacturing apparatus for forming a glass cell from a bottomed tube, a heating means for heating the bottomed tube to a moldable temperature, A rectangular inner mold inserted from the opening, an outer mold disposed on the side of the bottomed tube, and a bottom with a gap provided between the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube and the inner mold Depressurizing means for depressurizing the inside of the tube, and blowing and pressurizing the inside of the bottomed tube with a gap provided between the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube and the outer mold to make the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube an outer mold And a blow pressurizing means for pressing.

  In the invention of claim 11, the bottomed tube inserted into the inner mold is heated to a temperature at which the heating means can be molded, and the decompression means decompresses the inside of the bottomed tube, so that the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube is substantially reduced. Mold into an inner mold shape. The blow pressurizing unit performs blow pressurization on the inside of the bottomed tube, thereby pressing the bottomed tube against the outer mold, and thus forming the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube into an outer mold shape.

  As a result, the wall thickness and the outer shape of the bottomed tube can be formed with high accuracy, so that it is not necessary to perform grinding or polishing in a subsequent process. Moreover, since the blow pressurizing means places the bottomed tube in a non-contact state away from the inner mold, it is possible to prevent the bottomed tube from being damaged or cracked.

  A twelfth aspect of the invention is the glass cell manufacturing apparatus according to the eleventh aspect of the invention, further comprising a bottom mold for forming a bottom portion of the bottomed tube with the inner mold.

  In the invention of claim 12, by having the bottom mold, the thickness of the bottom portion of the bottomed tube can be set to a specified thickness.

  A thirteenth aspect of the invention is the glass cell manufacturing apparatus according to the eleventh or twelfth aspect, wherein the outer diameter of the inner mold is smaller than the final inner diameter of the glass cell.

  As described above, since the outer diameter of the inner mold is smaller than the dimension of the glass cell, the bottomed tube formed by the inner mold can be made smaller than the dimension of the glass cell. Thereby, the molding allowance by blow pressurization can be ensured, and the bottomed tube can be molded in accordance with the prescribed dimensions.

  The invention of claim 14 is the glass cell manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the ridgeline of the inner mold is chamfered.

  In the invention of claim 14, since the ridge line of the inner mold is chamfered, the corner portion of the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube formed by the inner mold does not become an acute angle. Liquid drainage is good, adhesion residue is reduced, and the glass cell can be easily cleaned.

  Invention of Claim 15 is a manufacturing apparatus of the glass cell in any one of Claims 11-14, Comprising: With the bottomed tube holding means which hold | maintains the said bottomed tube so that a movement is possible, With respect to the said outer type And a positioned guide member, wherein the bottomed tube formed by the pressure reducing means while being held by the bottomed tube holding means is dropped into the guide member and positioned.

  In the invention of claim 15, since the bottomed tube is positioned by dropping the bottomed tube held by the bottomed tube holding means into the guide member, the bottomed tube is positioned with high accuracy with respect to the outer mold. be able to. Thereby, highly accurate shaping | molding can be performed.

  The invention of claim 16 is the glass cell manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 14, further comprising a positioning means movable in synchronization with the outer mold, wherein the pressure reducing means reduces the pressure. The formed bottomed tube is positioned with respect to the outer mold by bringing it into contact with the positioning means.

  In the invention of claim 16, since the positioning means contacts the bottomed tube and positions the bottomed tube with respect to the outer mold, the bottomed tube can be positioned with respect to the outer mold with high accuracy. Accurate molding can be performed.

  According to the method for producing a glass cell of the present invention, the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube is formed into a substantially inner shape by heating the inner bottomed tube with the bottomed tube and reducing the internal pressure. Since the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube is formed into an outer mold shape by expanding the tube, it can be formed with high precision, and the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube and the inner mold are separated by blow pressurization. Since it is in a non-contact state, the bottomed tube can be prevented from being damaged or cracked due to contact with the inner mold.

  According to the glass cell manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the bottomed tube in the inner mold insertion state is heated to a temperature at which the heating means can be molded, and the decompression means depressurizes the inside of the bottomed tube. Since the inner peripheral surface is formed into a substantially inner shape and the blow pressurizing means performs blow pressurization, the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube is formed into an outer shape, so that the bottomed tube can be formed with high accuracy. Moreover, since the blow pressurizing means places the bottomed tube in a non-contact state away from the inner mold, it is possible to prevent the bottomed tube from being damaged or cracked.

  FIG. 1 shows an entire glass cell manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a bottomed tube 4 as a work to be molded and a corner inserted by dropping into an opening 4b of the bottomed tube 4. A shaped inner mold 3, a bottomed tube heating device 9 as a heating means for heating the bottomed tube, an outer mold 5 for molding the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4, and a bottom facing the bottom portion 4a of the bottomed tube 4 A die 6, a decompression unit 7 that decompresses the inside of the bottomed tube 4, and a blow pressurization unit 8 that blows and pressurizes the inside of the bottomed tube 4 are provided.

The bottomed tube 4 is formed into a tubular shape having a closed bottom portion 4a and an opening portion 4b opened on the opposite side of the bottom portion 4a, and the bottomed tube holding means with the opening portion 4b facing upward. The molding is performed while being held at 10. As the bottomed tube 4, a square shape corresponding to an inner mold 3 to be described later is favorable, but it may be a circular shape or the like. The diameter of the bottomed tube 4 is set so that the inner mold 3 can be inserted. As the material of the bottomed tube 4, glass suitable for the glass cell is selected. As this material, for example, a trade name “Pyrex” (registered trademark, manufactured by Iwaki Co., Ltd.) made of SiO ₂ containing B ₂ O ₃ can be used.

  The bottomed tube holding means 10 for holding the bottomed tube 4 includes a bottomed tube holder 11 and a bottomed tube holder 12. The bottomed tube holder 11 has a substantially horizontal arm shape, and can move up and down along the guide rail 2 erected on the base 1. For this reason, a vertical movement mechanism 13 is connected to the bottomed tube holder 11.

  In this embodiment, the vertical movement mechanism 13 includes a ball screw 14 erected on the base 1 so as to be parallel to the guide rail 2 and a motor 15 attached to the ball screw 14 so that the ball screw 14 passes therethrough. I have. On the other hand, a connecting arm 11 a extends from the bottomed tube holder 11, and this connecting arm 11 a is connected to the motor 15. In this case, the guide rail 2 is inserted through the connecting arm 11a, whereby the bottomed tube holder 11 can be moved up and down stably.

  In such a structure, when the motor 15 is driven, the motor 15 moves up and down along the ball screw 14, and the bottomed tube holder 11 (bottomed tube holding means 10) connected to the motor 15 moves up and down. Therefore, the bottomed tube 4 can move up and down integrally. This vertical movement is controlled with high accuracy based on a program stored in the motor control device by connecting the motor 15 to a motor control device (not shown). The vertical movement mechanism is not limited to the illustrated form as long as the bottomed tube holding means 10, that is, the bottomed tube 4 can be raised and lowered stably, and for example, a linear motor, fluid pressure, etc. A cylinder or other mechanism may be used.

  The bottomed tube holder 12 is attached to the bottomed tube holder 11, and holds the bottomed tube 4 in a suspended shape by hooking or locking the opening 4 b of the bottomed tube 4. The bottomed tube holder 12 includes a holder portion 12a for holding the bottomed tube 4 and a sandwiching plate 12b attached to the holder portion 12a. The holder portion 12a is inserted through the bottomed tube holder 11 to hold the holder portion 12a. The bottomed tube holder 11 is attached to the bottomed tube holder 11 by sandwiching the bottomed tube holder 11 with the sandwiching plate 12b.

  In inserting the holder portion 12 a into the bottomed tube holder 11, a gap is formed between them, so that the bottomed tube holder 12 is located with respect to the bottomed tube holder 11. Movement in the lateral direction and movement in the rotational direction are possible. In such a structure, the bottomed tube 4 can be movably held by the bottomed tube holding means 10.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the inner mold 3 has a vertically long rectangular shape. The inner die 3 is inserted into the bottomed tube 4 from the opening 4b of the bottomed tube 4 in a free state, and the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 is molded in this inserted state.

  The outer diameter dimension of the inner mold 3 is set to be about 50 to 70 μm smaller than the final inner diameter dimension of the glass cell as a finished product. Thus, by setting, the bottomed pipe | tube 4 shape | molded by the inner mold | type 3 can be made smaller than the dimension of the glass cell which is a finished product. Therefore, it is possible to secure a molding allowance by subsequent blow pressurization, and the glass cell can be adjusted to a target dimension. In addition, since the inner mold 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the glass cell, the inner mold 3 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 when the bottomed tube 4 expands by blow pressurization described later. There is no. Therefore, the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 (that is, the glass cell formed from the bottomed tube 4) is not damaged and the glass cell is not broken.

  The inner mold 3 is made of a sintered metal such as WC or SiC, and thereby has good heat resistance. Further, the surface of the inner mold 3 can be subjected to a high heat resistance treatment such as electroless nickel plating.

  4A and 4B show examples of the inner mold 3, and the inner mold 3 has a predetermined length that can be inserted into the bottomed tube 4. Moreover, the ridgeline which is a boundary part of the adjacent side surface 3a is chamfered. In the inner mold 3 in FIG. 4 (a), chamfering is performed by setting the ridge line as a curved surface, and in the inner mold 3 in FIG. 4 (b), chamfering is performed by setting the ridge line as a C surface. Yes. In this case, for example, the curved surface is formed to have a curvature diameter of 0.3 mm or more, and the C surface has a curvature of 0.3 mm or more. By performing such chamfering, the corner portion of the inner peripheral surface of the glass cell formed from the bottomed tube 4 by the inner mold 3 does not become an acute angle. For this reason, not only the test sample filled in the glass cell during chemical analysis is well drained, but also the amount of sample residue attached is reduced and the glass cell can be easily cleaned. Become.

  The bottomed tube heating device 9 is disposed on an upper support plate 17 that is fixed substantially horizontally above the base 1. FIG. 5 shows a bottomed tube heating device 9, which heats the bottomed tube 4 in a vertical U-shape by abutting a vertical L-shaped divided body 9 f. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each divided body 9f is arranged so as to sandwich the vertical movement path of the bottomed tube 4, and each divided body 9f is pushed out by a pusher 18 such as a fluid pressure cylinder. Thus, the divided body 9f is abutted to form the vertical U-shape shown in FIG. In this state, a tube insertion hole 9a having an open top surface is formed, and the bottomed tube 4 is inserted into the tube insertion hole 9a, and the bottomed tube 4 is heated in this inserted state.

  Each divided body 9f in the bottomed tube heating device 9 includes a metal heat insulating material 9b, a heat radiating body 9c embedded in the heat insulating material 9b so as to surround the tube insertion hole 9a, and the heat radiating body 9c with the tube insertion hole 9a. A heating element 9d embedded in the heat insulating material 9b is provided so as to be sandwiched between them, that is, on the back surface of the radiator 9c. The heat radiating body 9c receives heat from the heat generating body 9d and radiates it, and is formed of a sintered metal such as aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, or silicon carbide.

  In the bottomed tube heating device 9, after the heat from the heating element 9d is transmitted to the heat radiating body 9c, it is radiated from the periphery of the tube insertion hole 9a to the hole 9a. Thereby, the dispersion | variation in the temperature in the pipe insertion hole 9a is small, and the bottomed pipe | tube 9 can be heated in the state whose temperature distribution in the length direction of the bottomed pipe | tube 4 is less than 10 degreeC.

The heating of the bottomed tube 4 by the bottomed tube heating device 9 is performed to such an extent that the heated bottomed tube 4 can come into contact with the inner mold 3 by depressurization inside the bottomed tube 4. For this reason, the bottomed tube 4 is heated to a temperature corresponding to a glass viscosity of 10 ⁶ to 10 ¹¹ dPa · s. Note that the heating temperature of the heating element 9d of the bottomed tube heating device 9 is controlled by a temperature control device (not shown).

  The bottomed tube heating device 9 heats the bottomed tube 4 inserted into the tube insertion hole 9a from above, and the heating element 9c is positioned corresponding to the bottom 4a of the bottomed tube 4, The bottomed tube is heated to a temperature at which it can be gradually formed from the bottom 4a toward the upper opening 4b. Thus, when it is set as the temperature which can be shape | molded from the bottom part 4a side, shaping | molding from the bottom part 4a side will be attained and there exists a merit which a moldability becomes favorable.

  The outer die 5 is placed on a substantially horizontal lower support plate 19 disposed in the vicinity of the base 1. As a result, the outer mold 5 is located at the moving end portion of the bottomed tube 4. The outer die 5 is arranged so as to surround the bottomed tube 4, and the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 expanded by blow pressurization described later is pressed to form the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4. To do.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of the outer mold 5, which has a structure divided into two so as to surround the bottomed tube 4. Each divided body 5 a has a V-shaped molding surface corresponding to the side surface 3 a of the inner mold 3, and can be advanced and retracted in the direction of the bottomed tube 4 by the pusher 21.

  FIG. 7 shows another example of the outer mold 5, which is divided into four so as to correspond to the side surfaces 3 a of the inner mold 3. Also in the outer mold 5 in this case, each divided body 5 b divided into four can be advanced and retracted in the direction of the bottomed tube 4 by the pusher 21.

  The outer mold 5 is heated to an appropriate temperature so that the shape of the outer mold 5 is transferred to the bottomed tube 4 when the bottomed tube 4 is blow-pressed, which will be described later. As shown in FIG. 2, a heater 23 is disposed inside each of the divided bodies 5a and 5b. The temperature of the heater 23 is controlled by a temperature control device 26.

  The bottom mold 6 is held by the lower support plate 19 so as to be positioned immediately below the bottomed tube 4 held in a suspended manner by the bottomed tube holding means 10. The bottom mold 6 includes a pressing tool 20, and when the pressing tool 20 is driven, the bottom mold 6 enters the outer mold 5 from below and comes into contact with the bottom portion 4 a of the bottomed tube 4. Due to this contact, the bottom 4a of the bottomed tube 4 is pressed by the inner mold 3 and the bottom mold 6, so that the thickness of the bottom 4a of the bottomed tube 4 can be set to a specified thickness. As shown in FIG. 8, the bottom mold 6 also includes a temperature-controlled heater 28 in the temperature control device 27.

  In this embodiment, a guide member 30 is disposed on the outer mold 5. The guide member 30 is detachably held by a substantially horizontal guide member holder 31 fixed to the guide rail 2 so as to be positioned above the outer mold 5. This holding is performed by a positioning pin 32 erected on the guide member support 31 and a positioning hole 33 formed in the guide member 30 so as to penetrate therethrough. In other words, the guide member 30 is held by the guide member holder 31 by inserting the positioning pin 32 into the positioning hole 33.

  Here, the position of the positioning pin 32 is set so that the guide member 30 is disposed at a predetermined position with respect to the outer mold 5. Therefore, by inserting the positioning pin 32 into the positioning hole 33, the guide member 30 is positioned with respect to the outer mold 5.

  The guide member 30 positions the bottomed tube 4 movably held by the bottomed tube holding means 10 with respect to the outer mold 5, and is inserted into the bottomed tube 4 by this positioning. The existing inner mold 3 can be positioned with respect to the outer mold 5. The guide member 30 has an insertion hole 35 through which the bottomed tube 4 is inserted. The insertion hole 35 includes an upper large-diameter hole portion 35a and a small-diameter hole portion 35b formed in the lower portion so as to communicate with the large-diameter hole portion 35a. The large-diameter hole portion 35a and the small-diameter hole portion 35b The bottomed tube 4 is positioned when the bottomed tube 4 is inserted.

  Further, an extraction hole 36 communicating with the insertion hole 35 is formed in the guide member holder 31. The extraction hole 36 acts so as to extract the bottomed tube 4 inserted through the insertion hole 35 of the guide member 30 downward, so that the molded portion of the bottomed tube 4 can be positioned between the outer molds 5. The extraction hole 36 is opened to have a somewhat larger diameter than the small-diameter hole portion 35b of the guide member 30, and allows the bottomed tube 4 to expand due to blow pressurization.

  The blow pressurizing means 8 supplies a non-oxidizing inert gas (pressurized gas) such as a rare gas, nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas or the like to the bottomed tube 4 in a pressurized state. The decompression means 7 decompresses the inside of the bottomed tube 4. These blow pressurizing means 8 and decompression means 7 are connected to the bottomed tube holder 12 in the bottomed tube holding means 10 via a connecting tube 38 such as a hose. A passage communicating with the inside of the bottomed tube 4 is formed in the bottomed tube holder 12 in a penetrating manner, so that the blow pressurizing means 8 and the decompression means 7 are bottomed via the bottomed tube holder 12. It faces the inside of the tube 4. In this embodiment, a switching valve 39 is inserted in the connecting pipe 38, and it is possible to switch between the blow pressurizing means 8 and the pressure reducing means 7 by operating the valve 39.

  FIG. 9 shows another connection form of the blow pressurizing means 8 and the decompression means 7, and each of the blow pressurization means 8 and the decompression means 7 is bottomed via connection pipes 43 and 44 having valves 41 and 42. It faces the inside of the tube 4. In the figure, reference numeral 45 denotes a tank that stores the pressurized gas described above, and is connected so as to supply the pressurized gas to the blow pressurizing means 8. It is necessary to maintain the airtightness on the bottomed tube 4 side with respect to the blow pressurizing unit 8 and the decompression unit 7, and for this reason, as shown in FIG. A sealing packing 47 is disposed between them. This sealing packing 47 is similarly arranged in the embodiment shown in FIG.

  Next, the manufacture of the glass cell according to this embodiment will be described.

  The rectangular inner mold 3 is inserted into the bottomed tube 4 from the opening 4b, and the bottomed tube 4 in the inserted state of the inner mold is held by the bottomed tube holding means 10 as shown in FIG. The bottomed tube 4 is held by the bottomed tube holding means 10 so that the bottom 4a is positioned on the lower side and the opening 4b is positioned on the upper side. In this state, the motor 15 is driven to lower the entire bottomed tube holding means 10 to the bottomed tube heating device 9 portion.

The bottomed tube heating device 9 is in a state in which the divided body 9f is closed, and the bottomed tube 4 is installed in the bottomed tube heating device 9 sequentially from the bottom 4a by the lowering of the bottomed tube holding means 10. The For this reason, the bottomed tube 4 is gradually heated from the bottom 4a toward the opening 4b. The bottomed tube 4 is heated to a temperature corresponding to a glass viscosity of 10 ⁶ to 10 ¹¹ dPa · s. Simultaneously with this heating, the decompression means 7 is driven to decompress the inside of the bottomed tube 4.

  By such heating and depressurization, the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 comes into contact with the inner mold 3 and the inner peripheral surface is formed into a substantially inner shape. In this case, since the inner mold 3 is smaller than the final inner diameter of the glass cell, the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 is formed to be smaller than the final inner diameter of the glass cell.

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the above-described molding by heating and decompression is completed. The divided body 9f is retracted from the molding position by the pusher 18, so that the bottomed tube heating device 9 is opened. In this state, the bottomed tube holding means 10 moves below the bottomed tube heating device 9.

  On the other hand, in the outer mold 5, the guide member 30 is disposed in a state of being positioned with respect to the outer mold 5 by inserting the positioning pin 32 into the positioning hole 33. At the lower end of the bottomed tube heating device 9, the bottomed tube 4 is inserted into the insertion hole 35 of the guide member 30. And in the state which the descent | fall of the bottomed tube holding means 10 stopped, as shown in FIG. 3, the inner mold | type 3 insertion part in the bottomed tube 4 passes the penetration hole 35, and the division body 5a will be in a isolation | separation state. The outer mold 5 is entered. In this case, in the outer mold 5, the divided body 5a is stopped at a position where the final outer diameter of the glass cell is obtained.

When the bottomed tube 4 enters the outer mold 5, the pressing tool 20 of the bottom mold 6 is driven and the bottom mold 6 enters the outer mold 5 from below. The bottom mold 6 is heated to a temperature corresponding to a glass viscosity of 10 ¹² to 10 ¹⁴ dPa · s, and is in a state where the bottom portion 4 a of the bottomed tube 4 can be press-molded.

  In this state, by driving the blow pressurizing means 8, pressurized gas as a pressurized medium is blown into the bottomed tube 4 through the bottomed tube holder 12. The pressurized gas is heated to a temperature at which the bottomed tube 4 can be molded, and the bottomed tube 4 expands by blow pressurization by the injection of the pressurized gas, and the outer peripheral surface thereof forms the outer mold 5. Touch the surface. Thereby, the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 is pressed against the molding surface of the outer mold 5, and the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 is molded into the outer mold shape.

  In molding into such an outer mold shape, since the outer mold 5 is stopped at a position where the final outer dimension of the glass cell is reached, the bottomed tube 4 is in a state that matches the final outer diameter dimension of the glass cell. . On the other hand, in the expansion of the bottomed tube 4, since the bottom portion 4 a is formed into the bottom mold 6, the thickness of the bottom portion 4 a of the bottomed tube 4 can be set to a specified thickness. Further, in the blow pressurization, the bottomed tube 4 expands so that a gap is formed between the inner mold 3 inserted therein and the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4, and the inner mold 3 is a bottomed tube. 4 is in a non-contact state away from the inner peripheral surface.

  In the molding by the above blow pressurization, it is necessary to match the relative positions of the inner mold 3 and the outer mold 5 within a predetermined deviation range. FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the outer mold 5 and the inner mold 3. The eccentricity E between the center of the inner mold 3 and the center of the outer mold 5 shown in FIG. 10A is 0.02 mm or less, and the rotational deviation angle F between the inner mold 3 and the outer mold 5 is 2 minutes or less. When the parallelism G between the inner mold 3 and the outer mold 5 shown in (b) is 0.05 mm or less, it is possible to prevent the bottomed tube 4 from being deformed and to obtain a uniform thickness.

  After molding by blow pressurization, the outer mold 5 and the bottom mold 6 are cooled to a temperature below the glass transition point, and the bottomed tube 4 is indirectly cooled and solidified. After the bottomed tube 4 is solidified, the outer mold 5 and the bottom mold 6 are retracted from the bottomed tube 4 and separated. In this separation, the outer mold 5 and the bottom mold 6 are retracted in a direction perpendicular to the molding surface (the bottom surface 4a and the outer peripheral surface) of the bottomed tube 4. In such vertical separation, the outer mold 5 and the bottom mold 6 move without rubbing the bottomed tube 4, so that the bottomed tube 4 can be prevented from being damaged.

  In such separation, it is also possible to perform stepwise separation in which the bottom mold 6 is separated from the bottomed tube 4 and then the outer mold 5 is separated from the bottomed tube 4. In such separation, since the bottomed tube 4 is held by the outer mold 5 when the bottom mold 6 is separated, there is an advantage that distortion of the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 can be prevented.

  After the outer mold 5 and the bottom mold 6 are separated from each other, the motor is driven to raise the bottomed tube holding means 10 and pull up the bottomed tube 4. At the time of this rise, the guide member 30 in which the bottomed tube 4 is inserted is also lifted together with the bottomed tube 4. As described above, the extraction hole 36 of the lower guide member holder 31 has a larger diameter than the small diameter hole portion 35b of the guide member 30, and the expansion of the bottomed tube 4 due to blow pressurization is extracted. This is because the diameter of the hole 36 is substantially the same.

  After the bottomed tube 4 is pulled up, the bottomed tube 4 is kept in a state where it is suspended from the bottomed tube holding means 10 or is removed from the bottomed tube holding means 10. Cut it into guide cells. And the inner mold | type 3 is taken out from the inside of the shape | molded glass cell.

  In such production, the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 is formed into a substantially inner shape by heating the bottomed tube 4 and reducing the internal pressure, and the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 is formed by outer pressure by blow pressurization. Since it is formed into a shape, the bottomed tube can be formed with high accuracy and the thickness of the bottomed tube 4 can be set to a specified thickness. Further, in the blow pressurization, the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 is in a non-contact state away from the inner mold 3, so that the bottomed tube 4 and the inner mold 3 are not inadvertently contacted and contacted. It is possible to prevent the bottomed tube from being damaged or cracked.

  FIGS. 11-14 shows the manufacturing apparatus of the glass cell in another embodiment of this invention, The same code | symbol is attached | subjected and matched with the member same as embodiment mentioned above.

  In this embodiment, positioning means 50 for positioning the bottomed tube 4 is arranged in the outer mold 5. The positioning means 50 is for positioning the bottomed tube 4 with respect to the outer mold 5 by contacting the bottomed tube 4.

  FIG. 13 shows an example of the positioning means 50, and the positioning means 50 is configured by including a plurality of positioning rods 51. The positioning rod 51 is fixed to the upper surface of the divided body 5 a in the outer mold 5. Further, the positioning rod 51 corresponds to each outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 formed into a square shape, and extends in the direction of the bottomed tube 4 from the divided body 5a. The positioning rod 51 is arranged with respect to the outer mold 5 at a position where the bottomed tube 4 can be positioned with respect to the outer mold 5.

  In such a structure, when the divided body 5a moves so as to be the final outer diameter size position of the glass cell, the positioning rod 51 moves in synchronization with the divided body 5a, as shown in FIG. 13 (b). Thus, the tip of each positioning rod 51 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4. By this contact, the bottomed tube 4 is positioned with respect to the outer mold 5, and in this positioned state, molding by blow pressurization is performed in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment. By this blow pressurization, the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 is pressed against the outer mold 5 to form the outer peripheral surface. At the time of this blow pressurization, in the positioning rod 51 portion, the bottomed tube 4 is restricted from expanding and cannot be molded. However, when this glass cell is formed as a finished product, this portion is cut off, which hinders chemical analysis. It will not be.

  FIG. 14 shows another example of the positioning means 50 in this embodiment, and the outer mold 5 is formed by four divided bodies 5 b corresponding to the outer peripheral surfaces of the square bottomed tube 4. And the positioning means 50 is comprised by fixing the positioning rod 51 extended in the bottomed tube 4 direction rather than the division body 5b to the upper part of each division body 5b. In the positioning means 50 of FIG. 14 as well, as shown in FIG. 13, the end of the positioning rod 51 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube 4 due to the movement of each divided body 5b. It is possible to position the tube 4.

It is a front view which shows the whole manufacturing apparatus of the glass cell in one embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the relationship between a bottomed pipe and a guide member. It is a front view which shows a blow pressurization state. (A), (b) is a perspective view which shows each example of an inner type | mold. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a bottomed tube heating apparatus. It is sectional drawing from the plane which shows an example of an outer type | mold. It is sectional drawing from the plane which shows another example of an outer type | mold. It is a front view which shows an outer type | mold and a bottom type | mold. It is a circuit diagram which shows another form of a blow pressurization means and a pressure reduction means. (A), (b) is sectional drawing which shows the relationship between the inner type | mold and outer type | mold in blow pressurization. It is a front view which shows the whole manufacturing apparatus of the glass cell in another embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the positioning state of the bottomed pipe | tube in another embodiment. (A), (b) is sectional drawing from the plane which shows a positioning means. It is sectional drawing from the plane which shows another example of a positioning means.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Inner type | mold 4 Bottomed pipe 5 Outer type | mold 6 Bottom type | mold 7 Pressure reducing means 8 Blow pressurizing means 9 Bottomed pipe heating apparatus 10 Bottomed pipe holding means 30 Guide member 50 Positioning means

Claims (16)

In the method of manufacturing a glass cell for forming a glass cell from a bottomed tube,
Inserting a rectangular inner mold from the opening of the bottomed tube;
A first step of forming the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube into a substantially inner shape by depressurizing the inside of the bottomed tube while heating the bottomed tube;
With the outer mold placed on the side of the bottomed tube, the inside of the bottomed tube is blow-pressed to press the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube against the outer mold, thereby forming the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube into an outer mold shape. A second step of forming
The manufacturing method of the glass cell characterized by having.   The method for producing a glass cell according to claim 1, wherein the ridge line of the inner mold is chamfered.   3. The method of manufacturing a glass cell according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, heating is gradually performed from the bottom of the bottomed tube toward the opening.   In the second step, the outer mold is disposed at a position that will be the final outer diameter of the glass cell, and the inside of the bottomed tube is blown and pressurized to press the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube against the outer mold. The method for producing a glass cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an outer peripheral surface of the bottom tube is formed into an outer shape.   In the said 2nd process, a bottom type | mold is arrange | positioned at the bottom part of the said bottomed tube, The manufacturing method of the glass cell in any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   In the said 2nd process, a pressurization medium is blown in from the opening part of the said bottomed tube, and the inside of a bottomed tube is blown-pressurized, The manufacturing method of the glass cell in any one of Claims 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. After the second step, the cooling step of solidifying the bottomed tube by cooling the outer mold and the bottom mold below the glass transition point;
A separation step of retracting the outer mold and the bottom mold from the bottomed pipe to separate from the bottomed pipe;
The glass cell manufacturing method according to claim 5, further comprising:   8. The method of manufacturing a glass cell according to claim 7, wherein in the separation step, the outer mold and the bottom mold are separated in the vertical direction with respect to the molding surface of the molded bottomed tube.   The method for producing a glass cell according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, in the separation step, the outer mold is separated from the bottomed tube after the bottom mold is separated from the bottomed tube.   The method for producing a glass cell according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein after the separating step, the bottomed tube is cut to a required length and then the inner mold is separated from the bottomed tube. In a glass cell manufacturing apparatus for forming a glass cell from a bottomed tube,
Heating means for heating the bottomed tube to a moldable temperature;
A rectangular inner mold inserted from the opening of the bottomed tube;
An outer mold disposed on the side of the bottomed tube;
Decompression means for decompressing the inside of the bottomed tube with a gap provided between the inner peripheral surface of the bottomed tube and the inner mold;
Blow pressurizing means for blow-pressing the inside of the bottomed tube with a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube and the outer die and pressing the outer peripheral surface of the bottomed tube against the outer die;
An apparatus for producing a glass cell, comprising:   The apparatus for manufacturing a glass cell according to claim 11, further comprising a bottom mold for forming a bottom portion of the bottomed tube between the inner mold and the inner mold.   The apparatus for manufacturing a glass cell according to claim 11 or 12, wherein an outer diameter of the inner mold is smaller than a final inner diameter of the glass cell.   The apparatus for producing a glass cell according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the ridge line of the inner mold is chamfered. A bottomed tube holding means for movably holding the bottomed tube;
A guide member positioned with respect to the outer mold,
The glass cell according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the bottomed tube formed by the decompression unit while being held by the bottomed tube holding unit is dropped into the guide member and positioned. Manufacturing equipment. It further comprises positioning means that can move in synchronization with the outer mold,
The glass cell production according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the bottomed tube formed by decompression by the decompression means is positioned with respect to the outer mold by contacting the bottomed tube with the positioning means. apparatus.

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