JP2005040794A - Water storage equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide water storage equipment provided with a water storage pond having a structure of being laid under the ground and water face covering structures covering the water face of the water storage pond to shield sunlight, therefore, preventing the growth of water bloom and further suppressing the evaporation of water, making the water face utilizable for photovoltaic power generation, and easy in construction and withdrawal/recovery. <P>SOLUTION: This water storage equipment is provided with the water storage pond having the structure of being laid under the ground, and a plurality of water face covering structures shielding sunlight made incident on the water face, and further having a photovoltaic power generating function of converting the sunlight into electricity are installed in the upper part of a frame body provided on the upper part of the water storage pond. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention includes a reservoir having a structure buried underground, which shields sunlight incident on the water surface to prevent water loss due to evaporation from the water surface, and has a solar power generation function that converts the sunlight into electricity. The present invention relates to a water storage facility having a structure.

  In areas where there is a shortage of water, such as remote islands, many ponds are constructed, and rainwater is collected in the ditches and used as agricultural water. However, a large amount of phytoplankton, such as blue sea urchins, is generated in the water of the pond under the sun shining, producing a foul odor and causing pollution in the vicinity. In addition, the occurrence of phytoplankton such as blue sea urchins occurs not only in the reservoir, but also in lake water. The red tide generated in the sea area and brackish water is a large plankton outbreak phenomenon similar to that of blue sea bream. The main mechanism of the occurrence is common to the occurrence of red sea bream. The damage caused by red tide is well known. It is as follows. It is effective to block the sunlight shining on the surface of the water to prevent the occurrence of such blue sea bream, and also due to the decay of blue sea bream by stirring water or introducing oxygen or air into the water. N. A technique for preventing anaerobic elution and bad odor of P is known.

  In addition, there has been no effective means for removing the sea bream that has been generated. For example, it has been tried to dry water after taking water widely with a pump and dewatering with a dehydrator, but this method is not always satisfactory because it consumes a lot of power and generates a bad odor in the treatment process. . In addition, the dried dry sea urchin is a source of bad odor, and no good method for final disposal has been found.

  Although water dephosphorization and denitrogenation are known to prevent the occurrence of phytoplankton such as sea cucumbers, etc., they are in the stage of grasping the principle, and various methods have been proposed as countermeasures for the source and basin. In this dephosphorization and denitrification, a great deal of labor and power are required, and expensive equipment is required.

  In areas where there is a lot of solar radiation, the amount of water accumulated in the reservoir is large. The use of aquatic plants such as water hyacinth as dephosphorization and denitrogenation treatments as on-site methods is also proposed, but evaporation is further accelerated by the activities of these plants along with seasonal safety and odor generation. In addition, the concentration of nutrients (NP, etc.) accompanying water evaporation in the sea area is considered to be a cause of red tide. In order to prevent this evaporation, a method of spreading a certain kind of oil to the surface of the water has been proposed, but the oil may eventually pollute the environment.

  As described above, in order to prevent the occurrence of phytoplankton such as blue sea cucumber, it is known that it is effective to block the sunlight shining on the water surface or to stir and aerate water. No specific method for effectively using the blocked sunlight by effectively blocking the sunlight, preventing the occurrence of sea cucumbers and the like, and suppressing the evaporation of water. In addition, a driving power source is necessary for agitation aeration, but conventionally, driving power is obtained by an external power source.

On the other hand, on remote islands, the construction of solar power generation devices is effective for supplying power consumed in various fields. In order to obtain large electric power with this solar power generation device, a large installation area of solar cells is required, but it is extremely difficult to secure such a large area on land on a remote island or the like. In addition, even if a large area for installing solar cells can be secured, the method of always installing solar cells requires the installation structure to have a structure that can withstand disasters such as typhoons, which increases the construction cost. is there.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-223813 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-24300 JP-A-8-167729 JP-A-8-89717

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and includes a reservoir having a structure buried underground, covering the water surface of the reservoir, blocking sunlight, preventing the occurrence of water-bloom, and suppressing water evaporation, An object of the present invention is to provide a water storage facility having a water surface covering structure that can be used for solar power generation and that can be easily laid, removed and collected.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention according to claim 1 is a water storage facility including a reservoir having a structure buried underground, and is incident on a water surface at an upper portion of a frame provided at an upper portion of the reservoir. A plurality of water surface covering structures having a solar power generation function for shielding sunlight and converting the sunlight into electricity are provided.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the water storage facility according to the first aspect, the water surface covering structure can be spread on an upper portion of the frame and can be stored in a predetermined location. It is characterized by.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of solar power generation functions that shield sunlight incident on the water surface and convert the sunlight into electricity at the upper portion of the frame provided at the upper portion of the reservoir. Since the water surface covering structure is installed, it effectively blocks sunlight incident on the water surface of the reservoir and prevents water loss due to evaporation, and at the same time converts sunlight incident on the water surface of a large reservoir into electricity. be able to. Moreover, since the lower surface of the water surface covering structure is the water surface, the water surface covering structure having a photovoltaic power generation function can be effectively cooled, so that the influence on the power generation efficiency due to the temperature rise is reduced.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the water surface covering structure can be spread on the upper part of the frame of the reservoir, and can be stored in a predetermined place. When possible, spread the water surface covering structure on top of the frame of the reservoir, and when solar power generation cannot be expected at night or in the rain, the water surface covering structure can be stored in a predetermined place and has a solar power generation function. It is possible to extend the life of the battery.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing a water surface covering structure having a photovoltaic power generation function according to the present invention and a state in which the water surface covering structure is laid in a reservoir so as to cover the water surface. As shown in FIG. 1A, a water surface covering structure 11 is disposed on the reservoir 10 so as to cover the water surface 12. The water surface covering structure 11 has a structure in which an ultrathin solar cell 14 is attached to the surface of a plate-like structure 13.

  As the ultrathin solar cell 14, for example, a single crystal silicon solar cell using an ultrathin single crystal silicon cell manufactured by Ebara Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is used. This single crystal silicon solar cell can directly convert light energy into electric energy with high conversion efficiency of 16% in cell efficiency and 14.5% in module efficiency. This single crystal silicon solar cell has flexibility corresponding to a curved surface. For this reason, it can absorb the stress by some twists, rocking, etc. by waves etc., and is hard to be damaged.

  An underwater aerator (DSR type manufactured by Ebara Seisakusho) (aeration device) 15 is disposed at the bottom of the reservoir 10, and the underwater aerator 15 is driven by electric power generated by the ultra-thin solar cell 14, thereby sucking pipes. Air is drawn from 16 and the water-air mixture 17 is discharged into the water. Thereby, water and air are mixed and water is stirred. Since the underwater aerator 15 forcibly forms a gas-liquid mixed phase flow in the apparatus and can be discharged in a substantially horizontal direction from the upper or lower part of the apparatus, the water surface covering structure 11 can be stably disposed with little disturbance of the water surface.

  Since the water surface of the reservoir 10 is covered with the water surface covering structure 11 as described above, sunlight is blocked by the water surface covering structure 11, and air and water are mixed and stirred by the underwater aerator 15. Even if gas exchange on the surface of the water is suppressed or hindered, the water body is not anaerobic, it is possible to suppress the generation of water-bloom and phytoplankton, maintain the purified water quality of the water, and prevent the generation of bad odors. Furthermore, since sunlight is cut off, water evaporation is also suppressed.

  The water surface covering structure 11 may have a structure in which an ultra-thin solar cell 14 is attached to the surface of a plate-like structure 13 that can levitate by itself. If the levitating structure 11 can levitate by itself, the water surface covering structure 11 is formed on the water surface of the reservoir 10 as shown in FIG. Can be laid directly. Further, when the water surface covering structure 11 has a structure that can be folded as shown in FIG. 2B, it can be stored in a narrow place in a folded state on a day such as a typhoon or a storm. Examples of such structures include foamed polystyrene, foamed polyurethane, wood and other materials that have floatability, and those that have been given floatability in the form of hollow bags (beach mats), floats, etc. However, it is only necessary to surface itself. Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the water surface covering structure 11 has a configuration in which an ultra-thin solar cell 14 is attached to a plate-like structure 13 having a strip-like flexibility, and the water surface covering structure 11 is illustrated. It is good also as a structure which can be wound up on the winding core 18 as shown to 3 (b).

  FIG. 4 is a view showing an apparatus configured to cover the upper surface of the reservoir with a water surface covering structure having a photovoltaic power generation function according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, a frame body 19 such as a frame of a hatch entrance of a bulk carrier is provided on the upper part of a reservoir (not shown, but the reservoir is a reservoir buried underground). The water surface covering structure 11 (see FIG. 2B) configured so that the upper part of 19 can be folded is expanded (expanded) or contracted to one end. As the mechanism for expanding and contracting the water surface covering structure 11, a mechanism having substantially the same structure as the opening / closing mechanism of the hatch cover of the bulk carrier can be used.

  FIG. 5 is a view showing an apparatus configured to cover the upper surface of a reservoir with a water surface covering structure having a photovoltaic power generation function according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, a water surface covering structure 11 (FIG. 3B) configured to be wound up near one end of a reservoir (not shown, but the reservoir is a reservoir having a structure buried underground). The water surface covering structure 11 is configured to be spread (expanded) over the entire water surface. The water surface structure 11 is made of a material having floating properties. The winding device may be arranged on the ship or on the pier.

  The rope 24 attached to one end of the water surface covering structure 11 is wound around the rope 24 by the rope winding mechanism including the winding roller 23 and the motor 22, thereby spreading the water surface covering structure 11 over the frame body 19. Can do. Further, the water surface covering structure 11 can be accommodated by winding the water surface covering structure 11 around the winding core 18 by the water surface covering structure winding mechanism including the speed reduction mechanism 20 and the motor 21.

  FIG. 6 is a view showing a state in which a water surface covering structure having a photovoltaic power generation function according to the present invention is laid on a lake surface or the sea surface. A storage 26 for storing the water surface covering structure 11 configured to be foldable on the ground 25 is provided, and one end of the water surface covering structure 11 is moored with a rope 30 and laid by spreading it on the lake surface or the sea surface 33. Can do. Reference numeral 27 denotes a floating body attached to the other end (tip) of the water surface covering structure 11, and the floating body 27 is moored to an anchor 28 installed on a lake bottom or sea bottom 29.

  Basically, solar cells tend to have lower power generation efficiency as the temperature rises. However, in the present invention, solar cells are installed on or near the water surface, so that they can be operated with high power generation efficiency without special cooling means. Can do.

  If the water surface covering structure 11 has a structure in which an ultra-thin solar cell is attached to a plate-like structure having buoyancy, the water surface covering structure 11 itself floats on the lake surface or the sea surface 33. Can be laid. Moreover, when the water surface covering structure 11 does not have buoyancy, the water surface covering structure 11 can be similarly laid on the lake surface or the sea surface 33 by placing the water surface covering structure 11 on a stern or a floating body.

  Further, when there is no risk of phytoplankton such as red tides and sea cucumbers at the time of disaster such as typhoon or on the lake surface or sea surface 33, the water surface covering structure 11 is placed in the storage 26 provided on the ground 25 when there is no need for power generation. By storing, damage or the life of the water surface covering structure 11 can be extended. In addition, although the said water surface coating | coated structure 11 was made into the structure which can be folded, it is not limited to this, The thing of the structure which can be wound up as shown in FIG. 3 may be used.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing an example of a state in which a water surface covering structure having a photovoltaic power generation function according to the present invention is laid on a lake surface or the sea surface. Reference numeral 31 denotes an expansion / storage vessel that expands or stores the water surface covering structure 11 on the lake surface or the sea surface 33. The expansion / storage vessel 31 stores the water surface covering structure 11 configured to be foldable. The rope 30 fixed to one end of the water surface covering structure 11 is moored to a mooring body 32 installed on the ground, and the expansion / storage vessel 31 is moved forward, so that the water surface covering structure 11 is placed on the lake surface or the sea surface 33. Lay down. When the laying of the water surface covering structure 11 is finished, the water surface covering structure 11 is moored by installing a dredger (not shown) from the expansion / storage vessel 31 on the lake bottom or the sea bottom 29.

  When there is no risk of phytoplankton such as red tides and blue sea urchins at the time of disasters such as typhoons or lake surface or sea surface 33, when there is no need for power generation, the water surface covering structure 11 is stored in the expansion / storage vessel 31. The damage or life of the water surface covering structure 11 can be extended. In addition, although the said water surface coating | coated structure 11 was made into the structure which can be folded, it is not limited to this, The structure of winding is possible as shown in FIG.

It is a figure which shows the state which laid down the example of the water surface coating structure which has the solar power generation function which concerns on this invention, and this water surface coating structure so that the water surface of a reservoir might be covered. It is a figure which shows the state which laid so that the water surface covering structure example which has a solar power generation function concerning this invention and this water surface covering structure might cover a water surface in a reservoir. It is a figure which shows the structure of the water surface coating | coated structure which has a solar power generation function concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the apparatus comprised so that the upper surface of a reservoir may be covered with the water surface coating | coated structure which has a solar power generation function which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the apparatus comprised so that the upper surface of a reservoir may be covered with the water surface coating | coated structure which has a solar power generation function which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which laid the water surface coating | coated structure which has the solar power generation function which concerns on this invention on the lake surface or the sea surface. It is a figure which shows the example of a state which lays the water surface coating | coated structure which has a solar power generation function which concerns on this invention on the lake surface or the sea surface.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Reservoir 11 Water surface covering structure 12 Water surface 13 Plate-shaped structure 14 Ultrathin solar cell 15 Underwater aerator 16 Suction pipe 17 Water-air mixture 18 Core

Claims (2)

A water storage facility with a reservoir with a structure buried underground,
A plurality of water surface covering structures having a solar power generation function for shielding sunlight incident on the water surface and converting the sunlight into electricity are installed on the upper part of the frame provided at the upper part of the reservoir. A water storage facility. The water storage facility according to claim 1, wherein the water surface covering structure is configured to be able to be spread on an upper portion of the frame body and to be stored in a predetermined place.

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