JP2005009804A - Boundary film scraping heat exchanger, and method for heat exchange using the same - Google Patents

Boundary film scraping heat exchanger, and method for heat exchange using the same Download PDF

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JP2005009804A
JP2005009804A JP2003176209A JP2003176209A JP2005009804A JP 2005009804 A JP2005009804 A JP 2005009804A JP 2003176209 A JP2003176209 A JP 2003176209A JP 2003176209 A JP2003176209 A JP 2003176209A JP 2005009804 A JP2005009804 A JP 2005009804A
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heat transfer
transfer body
heat
film
heat exchanger
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JP4603777B2 (en
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Yoichi Chiba
陽一 千葉
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a boundary film scraping heat exchanger for conducting heat exchange between a heat medium and fluid. <P>SOLUTION: This device is provided with a heat transfer element 6 of cylindrical form formed of material of favorable heat conductivity, a rotation drive means to rotatingly drive the heat transfer element, an inner fixed blade 9 disposed in the heat transfer element to approach or slide to an inner circumferential surface of the heat transfer element to get in contact with it for scraping the boundary film, and an outer fixed blade 5 to approach or slide to an outer circumferential surface of the heat transfer element to get in contact with it for scraping the boundary film. Heat exchange is conducted between fluid fed to the inside and the outside of the heat transfer element to have temperature difference through the heat transfer element. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は，熱媒と流体の間で熱交換を行う境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器とそれを使用した熱交換方法に関するものであり、特に、化学工業、機械工業あるいは食品工業等で使用される熱交換器の性能を大幅に向上させることを目的に、金属壁の両側（高温流体ならびに低温流体）の境膜を同時に剥ぎ取ることができる熱交換器とそれを使用した熱交換方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
食品工場などにおいて，例えばポタージュスープやコーンスープなどといった高粘性液体を加熱したり冷却するために種々の形態の熱交換器が使用されている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし従来の熱交換器は以下のような問題点が指摘されている。
（１）従来の管型熱交換器の総括伝熱係数は高々５０００［Ｗ／（ｍ２ ・Ｋ）］程度のものであり、これを倍に高めることは至難である。
（２）伝熱管にフィンを付すもの、溝を付すもの、管内に伝熱促進体を挿入するものなどの工夫がなされているが製作が煩瑣な割に大幅な改善には至っていない。また、噴流を利用する伝熱促進法は用途が限定される。
（３）従来の熱交換器は流量を増すことによって伝熱速度を高める方式なので、たとえば冷却器の場合、伝熱速度を大きくしようとすれば、伝熱に関与しない流体部分も多くなるので冷却水を大量に使用しなければならない点が難点である。
（４）平板型にすると管型より伝熱量当りの流体使用量は幾分改善できるが、圧力損失が極めて大きなものとなり動力消費が大きい。
（５）長期運転あるいは不純物の多い流体では、熱交換器性能を大幅に低下させるスケールの付着が問題である。
（６）瞬間的に加熱冷却量を制御することは流体の時間遅れのためほとんど不可能である。
（７）滴状凝縮熱交換器（蒸気側滴状凝縮、冷却水側境膜剥ぎ取り）は高温側を蒸気に限定しており、滴状凝縮できる表面状態にしてはじめて達成される極めて限定された装置である。
（８）蒸気が膜状凝縮する場合は性能が大幅に低下する。これを打開する対策として管表面に溝をつけ、液が溝（凹部）に吸い込まれ、液のない凸部の金属面に蒸気が絶えず凝縮することによって高伝熱を維持するフルーテッド管がある。しかし、これはあくまで蒸気が液になるという特性を利用したものであり、相変化しない流体には使えない。
（９）凝縮液を剥ぎ取る方法として管を振動する試みがなされたことがあるが、消費動力の割に大きな効果を得ておらず実用化は実現していない。
（１０）コロナ風を利用した凝縮促進および液剥ぎ取りの試みも実用に至っていない。
（１１）蒸気室がジャケット（外管）外部に回転磁場を与え液膜剥ぎ取り羽根（磁石付きロータ羽根）を回す方法も考えられるが、設備費および運転経費の面から試行されていない。
（１２）いろいろな試みにもかかわらず管外部の液膜または境膜を取り除く適切な方法が提案されていないのは構造的に難しいことにある。
【０００４】
また、伝熱効率の低下を防止するために、伝熱壁を介して熱媒と高粘性液体の間で熱交換を行う熱交換器に供給される高粘性液体に気体を混入させて、伝熱壁の内面に形成される境膜の厚さを薄くするものも提案されている（特許文献１）。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】特開２０００−２８３６９４号（解決手段）
【０００６】
しかし、前記公報に記載されたものも、伝熱壁の両面の境膜を剥ぎ取ることが出来ず熱効率の向上の面で不十分である。
【０００７】
本発明は、
（１）伝熱を高めるために高温流体および低温流体の使用流量を増大させることは好ましくないので、伝熱速度は流量とは独立に調節できるようにする。
（２）平板型熱交換器や噴流型熱交換器に利用されている程度の動力は、伝熱増進のために必要であるとの立場に立ち動力利用を視野に入れた解決方法を模索する。
（３）滴状凝縮では裸の伝熱面の存在および滴が動くことが高熱伝達に重要な役割を演じているので、これに近い伝熱機構を敢り入れる。
【０００８】
以上の考えに基づき、本発明は、伝熱体（管体）の回転によって高温側および低温側の流体境膜を同時に機械的に剥き取る二重境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器を提供することにより、上記従来の問題点を解決せんとするものである。
本発明は、伝熱体の両面の境膜を羽根等の機械的手段によって強制的に剥ぎ取ることにより伝熱効率を向上させることができる熱交換器〔二重境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器（Ｄｏｕｂ１ｅ Ｆｉｍ Ｒｏｂｂｅｒ Ｈｅａｔ Ｅｘｃｈａｎｇｅｒ、 ＤＦＲ−Ｈｅａｔ Ｅｘｃｈａｎｇｅｒ）〕であり、高温流体側の境膜も剥ぎ取り、高温流体を滴状凝縮に出来ない場合でも高効率の熱伝達を達成することができる。この結果、高温側は蒸気でも液体でも良くなり、広汎な利用用途が期待できる。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
このため、本発明が採用した技術解決手段は、
熱伝導性の良い材料によって形成された回転体からなる伝熱体と、前記伝熱体を回転駆動する回転駆動手段と、前記伝熱体の内部に配置され前記伝熱体の内周面に近接あるいは摺接して境膜を剥ぎ取る内部固定羽根と、前記伝熱体の外周面に近接あるいは摺接して境膜を剥ぎ取る外部固定羽根とを備え、前記伝熱体の内外に流す温度差のある流体同士の間で前記伝熱体を介して熱交換を行うようにしたことを特徴とする境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器である。
また、熱伝導性の良い材料によって形成された回転体からなる伝熱体と、前記伝熱体を回転駆動する回転駆動手段と、前記伝熱体の周囲に所定のスペースをもって配置したジャケットと、前記伝熱体の内部に配置され前記伝熱体の内周面に近接あるいは摺接して境膜を剥ぎ取る内部固定羽根と、前記ジャケット内に配置され伝熱体の外周面に近接あるいは摺接して境膜を剥ぎ取る外部固定羽根とを備え、前記伝熱体の内外に流す温度差のある流体同士の間で前記伝熱体を介して熱交換を行うようにしたことを特徴とする境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器である。
また、前記内部固定羽根および外部固定羽根の先端にはテフロン羽根が設けられていることを特徴とする境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器である。
また、前記伝熱体の内外に流す流体は、一方が液体、他方が気体、あるいは両方が液体、あるいは両方が気体のいずれかであることを特徴とする境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器である。
また、熱伝導性の良い材料によって形成された回転体からなる伝熱体を回転させ、伝熱体の内部に流体を、伝熱体の外部に前記流体と温度差の有る流体を流し、伝熱体内部に配置した内部固定羽根によって伝熱体内周面の境膜を剥ぎ取り、さらに伝熱体の外周面に配置した外部固定羽根によって伝熱体外周面の境膜を剥ぎ取りながら、伝熱体の内外に流す温度差のある流体同士の間で伝熱体を介して熱交換を行うようにしたことを特徴とする境膜剥ぎ取り式熱交換方法である。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１は本発明に係る熱交換器の断面図および図中Ａ−Ａ断面図である。
図において、１はジャケット、２ａ、２ｂはジャケットの両端に液密に取り付けた閉塞部材、３はジャケット内に流体を流す流入口、４ａ、４ｂはジャケット内から流体等を排出する流出口、５はジャケット内に配置する外部固定羽根、６はジャケット内に配置する熱伝導性のよい材料（たとえば銅等）で構成された伝熱体（管体）、７ａ、７ｂは伝熱体６の端部に固着されるとともに閉塞部材２ａ、２ｂに回転自在に嵌合されているホルダー、８はホルダーを回転自在に保持する軸受、９は伝熱体６内に非回転状態に保持される内部固定羽根、１０ｂはホルダー７ｂに設けられた熱媒の流入口、１０ａはホルダー７ａに設けられた熱媒の流出口である。なお、前記ジャケット１に設けた流出口４ａ、４ｂは必ずしも二つ必要ではなく、一つでもよいことは当然である。外部固定羽根５、内部固定羽根９は、羽根部に流体の通過孔（図示例では長方形をした孔が内部固定羽根では１枚につき３個形成されている）を適宜形成しており、この通過孔の形状も適宜設定することができる。また、図中１１、１２はシールド部材である。
【００１１】
ジャケット１の両端は対応する閉塞部材と液密に固着されており、この例では、ジャケット１内に流入口３から流体（気体）が流入し、二つの流出口４ａ、４ｂのうち一方の流出口４ａからは熱交換された流体（気体）の一部が、また他方の流出口４ｂからは熱交換され滴状となった液体および気体が排出される構成となっている。なお、前述の説明ではジャケット１内に流入する流体が気体の場合について説明したが、流入する流体が液体の場合には流出口４ａ、４ｂは一つにすることも可能である。
【００１２】
閉塞部材２ａ、２ｂには、ホルダー７ａ、７ｂが軸受８によって回転自在に保持され、一方のホルダー７ａはプーリを兼用した形状となっている。ホルダー７ａ、７ｂには伝熱体６が固定されており、ホルダー（プーリ）７ａには図示せぬ駆動手段がベルトで連接され、駆動手段によりホルダー７ａ、伝熱体６を回転できる構成となっている。なお、伝熱体６は本例では熱伝導性のよい材料（銅）で構成された管状のものであるが、回転するのに支障がなければ、内外の固定羽根９、５の形状等ともあわせて、種々の形状（たとえば瓢箪型の回転体など）に変えることも可能である。また、ホルダー７ａの回転はプーリ式に限定することなく、歯車式、チェーン式、さらにはホルダー７ａをモータの回転軸と直結する直動式等、種々の伝導機構を採用することもできる。
【００１３】
伝熱体６とジャケット１によって形成されるスペースには図１に示すように２枚の外部固定羽根５が配置され、この外部固定羽根５の外周側がジャケット１に固定され、内周側が伝熱体６の外部表面に摺接あるいは数ミリ以内（最大２ミリ程度）の隙間をもって配置される構成となっている。尚、外部固定羽根５の枚数は１枚以上適宜枚数とすることができる。また外部固定羽根５の伝熱体６の摺接部、あるいは近接部にはテフロン（登録商標）等の材料によって形成されたブレード１３を取り付けることが望ましい。
【００１４】
伝熱体６の内部には内部固定羽根９が非回転状態に配置されており、この内部固定羽根９は図示のように４枚式となっている。なお、内部固定羽根９の枚数は適宜変更することができる。内部固定羽根９の外側は外部固定羽根５と同様に伝熱体６の内周面に摺接あるいは数ミリ以内の隙間（最大２ミリ程度）をもって配置される構成となっており、内部固定羽根９の伝熱体６の摺接部あるいは近接部にはテフロン等の材料によって形成されたブレード１４を取り付けることが望ましい。
【００１５】
伝熱体６には、ホルダー７ａ、７ｂを貫通して熱媒の流出口１０ａ、流入口１０ｂが設けられており、熱媒が伝熱体６内に流入し、熱交換をおこなった後、伝熱体６の内部から流出できるようになっている。
【００１６】
図に示す熱交換器の作用を説明する。
ここでは伝熱体６の内部に流入する流体は冷却水であり、またジャケット１内に流入する流体は蒸気であり、これらの流体間で熱交換を行うものである。
先ず、伝熱体６の流入口１０ｂから冷却水を入れ、また、ジャケット１の流入口３から蒸気を流入させる。さらに伝熱体６をモータ等の駆動手段により回転させる。この状態の中で伝熱体６を介して冷却水と蒸気との間で熱交換が行われ、暖まった冷却水は、流出口１０ａから外部に排出され、また蒸気は伝熱体６で冷却され、一部が液滴となり伝熱体６の外表面に付着する。伝熱体６側では内部表面および外部表面が、内部固定羽根９および外部固定羽根５によって境膜が剥ぎ取られるため、熱交換の効率が向上する。そして伝熱体６の外周に付着した液滴は外部固定羽根５で剥ぎ取られ、ジャケット１内に流入した蒸気とともに、流出口４ａからは冷却された蒸気が、また流出口４ｂからは液滴と蒸気が混合した状態で排出される。
【００１７】
上記熱交換器では、伝熱体６の内周面および外周面に形成される境膜が常に内部固定羽根９、外部固定羽根５によって剥ぎ取られるため、熱交換効率を向上させることができる。
なお、上記例では熱媒を冷却水、流体を蒸気としているが、温度差のある種々の流体の組み合わせで使用することができることは当然である。
【００１８】
図２にこの熱交換器の総括伝熱係数Ｕを示す。二重境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器（２）のＵは管内に４枚羽根、管外に２枚羽根を設置した場合の結果、二重境膜剥き取り熱交換器（４）のＵは管内、管外ともに４枚羽根を設置した場合の結果である。なお、図には蒸気側を滴状凝縮させ、冷却水側を４枚羽根とした場合の最高性能のＵ値も示している。２本の、点線は２枚羽根および４枚羽根を使った場合の境膜伝熱係数ｈｗ実験値である。
【００１９】
以下に上記熱交換器を実際のシステムに使用した例を説明する。
〔実施例１〕
海洋温度差発電に於ける熱交換器
図３に示すようにこの熱交換器は、発電用タービンを回すためのシステムに組み込まれ、本発明に係る熱交換器が２個使用されている。一方の熱交換器は、深層の冷たい海洋水をポンプＰで汲み上げ熱交換器の伝熱体６内に流入させ、また伝熱体６の外部スペースにはタービンからの蒸気を冷却して凝縮する。熱交換器で凝縮されたタービン駆動用の流体は２個目の熱交換器で表層の暖かい海洋水によって蒸気にされタービンを駆動する。この例では海洋水の深層部、表層部の温度差を利用するため２個の熱交換器をシステム内に使用している。
【００２０】
〔実施例２〕
温排水プールからの熱回収
図４に示すようにこの熱交換器は、内部固定羽根９および外部固定羽根５を備えているもののジャケット１を備えておらず、伝熱体６が回転する構成となっている。この熱交換器は、冷却している純水を伝熱体６内に供給し温排水プールの水と熱交換して純水を暖め、排出できる構成となっている。
【００２１】
〔実施例３〕
温排水からの熱回収
図５に示すようにこの熱交換器は、伝熱体６内に冷却している純水を供給し、工場からの温排水と熱交換して純水を暖め、排出できる構成となっている。
【００２２】
煙突排ガスからの熱回収
〔実施例４〕
図６に示すようにこの熱交換器は、伝熱体６内に冷却している純水を供給し、工場からの排ガスと熱交換して純水を暖め、排出できる構成となっている。
【００２３】
以上、本発明に係る熱交換器の例について説明したが、上記各実施形態は現在最も実現し易い方法、装置を例にとって説明しているにすぎない。例えば、熱交換器のジャケットは必ずしも必要ではなく、また、伝熱体の駆動方法も種々の手段を採用することができる。また伝熱体内、伝熱体の外部に供給する流体も、液体に限定することなく、液体、気体等の組み合わせで使用することもできる。また、熱交換器は加熱器としても使用することができる。
さらに、本発明はその精神または主要な特徴から逸脱することなく、他のいかなる形でも実施できる。そのため、前述の実施形態はあらゆる点で単なる例示にすぎず限定的に解釈してはならない。
【００２４】
【発明の効果】
以上詳細に説明したように、本発明によれば、次のような優れた効果を奏することができる。
（１）総括伝熱係数を従来の４倍〔２００００［Ｗ／（ｍ２ ・ｋ）］以上に大きく出来、伝熱量を大幅に改善できる。
（２）伝熱体６を回転させる動力を必要とするが、２０００ｒｐｍで従来の２．５倍の総伝熱係数が得られるため、小型化が可能である。
（３）使用冷却水量あるいは使用加熱流体を大幅に軽減できる。
（４）従来利用価値のなかった低温度差流体からも熱回収ができ、温排水の熱利用が進む。
（５）たとえば海洋温度差発電における熱交換器あるは排ガスからの熱回収装置など、広汎な用途が拓かれる。
（６）レスポンスの速い伝熱制御ができるので食品の殺菌などを目的とした瞬間加熱装置にも利用できる。
（７）羽根が伝熱体６壁近傍の境膜を剥ぎ取ってスケールの付着を防止するので、スケール対策に要する経費が大幅に軽減される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る熱交換器の断面図および図中Ａ−Ａ断面図である。
【図２】本熱交換器の総括伝熱係数Ｕを示す図である。
【図３】海洋温度差発電における熱交換器の適用例を示す図である。
【図４】温排水プールからの熱回収の例を示す図である。
【図５】温排水からの熱回収の例を示す図である。
【図６】煙突排ガスからの熱回収の例を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１ ジャケット
２ａ、２ｂ 閉塞部材
３ 流入口
４ａ、４ｂ 流出口
５ 外部固定羽根
６ 伝熱体
７ａ、７ｂ ホルダー
８ 軸受
９ 内部固定羽根
１０ａ 熱媒の流出口
１０ｂ 熱媒の流入口
１１、１２ シールド部材
１３、１４ テフロン（登録商標）製のブレード[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a film peeling heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a heat medium and a fluid and a heat exchanging method using the same, and is used particularly in the chemical industry, the machine industry, the food industry, and the like. In order to greatly improve the performance of the heat exchanger, it relates to a heat exchanger that can simultaneously peel off the film on both sides (high temperature fluid and low temperature fluid) of the metal wall and a heat exchange method using the heat exchanger. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In food factories and the like, various forms of heat exchangers are used to heat and cool highly viscous liquids such as potage soup and corn soup.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the following problems have been pointed out with conventional heat exchangers.
(1) The overall heat transfer coefficient of the conventional tubular heat exchanger is at most about 5000 [W / (m 2 · K)], and it is difficult to double this.
(2) The heat transfer tube has fins, a groove, and a heat transfer promoting member inserted into the tube. However, it has not been significantly improved although the production is cumbersome. Moreover, the use of the heat transfer promotion method using a jet is limited.
(3) Since the conventional heat exchanger increases the heat transfer rate by increasing the flow rate, for example, in the case of a cooler, if an attempt is made to increase the heat transfer rate, the portion of the fluid that is not involved in the heat transfer also increases. The difficulty is that a large amount of water must be used.
(4) If the flat plate type is used, the amount of fluid used per heat transfer can be somewhat improved compared to the tube type, but the pressure loss is extremely large and the power consumption is large.
(5) For long-term operation or fluids with a large amount of impurities, there is a problem of adhesion of scale, which greatly reduces the performance of the heat exchanger.
(6) It is almost impossible to instantaneously control the heating / cooling amount due to the time delay of the fluid.
(7) Droplet condensation heat exchanger (steam side drop condensation, cooling water side film stripping) is limited to steam on the high temperature side, and is very limited to be achieved only when the surface state is capable of drop condensation. Device.
(8) When the vapor condenses into a film, the performance is greatly reduced. In order to overcome this problem, there is a fluidized pipe that maintains a high heat transfer by forming a groove on the surface of the pipe and sucking the liquid into the groove (recess) and continuously condensing the vapor on the metal surface of the protrusion without liquid. However, this utilizes the property that steam becomes liquid, and cannot be used for fluids that do not change phase.
(9) Attempts have been made to vibrate the tube as a method of stripping the condensate, but no significant effect has been obtained for the power consumption, and practical application has not been realized.
(10) Attempts to promote condensation and remove liquid using corona wind have not been put into practical use.
(11) Although a method in which the steam chamber applies a rotating magnetic field to the outside of the jacket (outer tube) and rotates the liquid film stripping blade (rotor blade with magnet) is also conceivable, it has not been tried from the viewpoint of equipment cost and operating cost.
(12) It is structurally difficult that an appropriate method for removing the liquid film or the film outside the pipe has not been proposed in spite of various attempts.
[0004]
In order to prevent a decrease in heat transfer efficiency, gas is mixed into the highly viscous liquid supplied to the heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the heat medium and the highly viscous liquid via the heat transfer wall, thereby There has also been proposed a method for reducing the thickness of the film formed on the inner surface of the wall (Patent Document 1).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1] JP 2000-283694 A (Solution)
[0006]
However, those described in the above publication are insufficient in terms of improving thermal efficiency because the film on both sides of the heat transfer wall cannot be peeled off.
[0007]
The present invention
(1) Since it is not preferable to increase the flow rates of the high-temperature fluid and the low-temperature fluid in order to increase heat transfer, the heat transfer rate should be adjusted independently of the flow rate.
(2) From the standpoint that the power used in flat plate heat exchangers and jet heat exchangers is necessary for heat transfer enhancement, search for solutions with a view to using power .
(3) In drop condensation, the presence of a bare heat transfer surface and the movement of the drops play an important role in high heat transfer.
[0008]
Based on the above idea, the present invention provides a double film stripping heat exchanger that mechanically strips the fluid film on the high temperature side and the low temperature side simultaneously by the rotation of the heat transfer body (tube body). This is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.
The present invention relates to a heat exchanger that can improve heat transfer efficiency by forcibly removing the film on both sides of a heat transfer body by mechanical means such as blades (double film peeling heat exchanger (Dub1e). Fim Robert Heat Exchanger (DFR-Heat Exchanger)], and the high temperature fluid side boundary film is also peeled off, and even when the high temperature fluid cannot be condensed into droplets, high efficiency heat transfer can be achieved. As a result, the high temperature side may be either vapor or liquid, and a wide range of usage can be expected.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this reason, the technical solution means adopted by the present invention is:
A heat transfer body made of a rotating body made of a material having good thermal conductivity, a rotation driving means for rotationally driving the heat transfer body, and an inner peripheral surface of the heat transfer body arranged inside the heat transfer body A temperature difference that flows between the inside and outside of the heat transfer body, including an internal fixed blade that peels off the boundary film in proximity or sliding contact and an external fixed blade that closes or slides in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body It is a film stripping heat exchanger characterized in that heat exchange is performed between fluids with a certain amount via the heat transfer body.
Further, a heat transfer body made of a rotating body formed of a material having good thermal conductivity, a rotation driving means for rotating the heat transfer body, a jacket disposed with a predetermined space around the heat transfer body, An internal fixed vane that is disposed inside the heat transfer body and closes or slides on the inner peripheral surface of the heat transfer body to peel off the boundary film; and an inner fixed blade that is disposed in the jacket and closes or slides on the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body. And an external fixed blade that peels off the boundary film, and heat exchange is performed between the fluids having a temperature difference flowing between the inside and outside of the heat transfer body via the heat transfer body. It is a film stripping heat exchanger.
In addition, the present invention is a film peeling heat exchanger characterized in that a Teflon blade is provided at the tip of the internal fixed blade and the external fixed blade.
The fluid flowing inside and outside of the heat transfer body is a film peeling heat exchanger characterized in that one is liquid, the other is gas, or both are liquid, or both are gas.
In addition, a heat transfer body composed of a rotating body formed of a material having good thermal conductivity is rotated, and a fluid having a temperature difference from the fluid is caused to flow inside the heat transfer body and a fluid having a temperature difference from the fluid to the outside of the heat transfer body. While the film on the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body is peeled off by the internal fixed blades arranged inside the heating element, and the film on the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body is peeled off by the external fixed blades arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body, It is a film peeling type heat exchange method characterized in that heat exchange is performed between fluids having a temperature difference flowing inside and outside the heat body via a heat transfer body.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to the present invention and a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in the drawing.
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a jacket, 2a and 2b are closing members which are liquid-tightly attached to both ends of the jacket, 3 is an inlet for flowing fluid into the jacket, 4a and 4b are outlets for discharging fluid and the like from the jacket, Is an external fixed vane disposed in the jacket, 6 is a heat transfer body (tubular body) made of a material having good thermal conductivity (for example, copper) disposed in the jacket, and 7a and 7b are ends of the heat transfer body 6. A holder fixed to the part and rotatably fitted to the closing members 2a and 2b, 8 a bearing for rotatably holding the holder, and 9 an internal fixing held in the heat transfer body 6 in a non-rotating state The blades 10b are inlets of the heating medium provided in the holder 7b, and 10a is an outlet of the heating medium provided in the holder 7a. Of course, two outlets 4a and 4b provided in the jacket 1 are not necessarily required, and one may be used. The outer fixed blades 5 and the inner fixed blades 9 are appropriately formed with fluid passage holes (three rectangular holes in the illustrated example are formed for each one of the inner fixed blades) in the blade portion. The shape of the hole can also be set as appropriate. In the figure, reference numerals 11 and 12 denote shield members.
[0011]
Both ends of the jacket 1 are liquid-tightly fixed to the corresponding blocking member. In this example, a fluid (gas) flows into the jacket 1 from the inlet 3, and one of the two outlets 4 a and 4 b flows. From the outlet 4a, a part of the fluid (gas) subjected to heat exchange is discharged, and from the other outlet 4b, heat-exchanged droplets of liquid and gas are discharged. In the above description, the case where the fluid flowing into the jacket 1 is a gas has been described. However, when the fluid flowing in is a liquid, the number of outlets 4a and 4b can be one.
[0012]
Holders 7a and 7b are rotatably held by the bearing members 8 on the closing members 2a and 2b, and one holder 7a has a shape also serving as a pulley. A heat transfer body 6 is fixed to the holders 7a and 7b, and a driving means (not shown) is connected to the holder (pulley) 7a by a belt so that the holder 7a and the heat transfer body 6 can be rotated by the driving means. ing. In this example, the heat transfer body 6 has a tubular shape made of a material (copper) having good thermal conductivity. However, if there is no problem in rotating, the shape of the inner and outer fixed blades 9 and 5 can be both In addition, it can be changed into various shapes (for example, a bowl-shaped rotating body). Further, the rotation of the holder 7a is not limited to the pulley type, and various transmission mechanisms such as a gear type, a chain type, and a direct acting type in which the holder 7a is directly connected to the rotating shaft of the motor can also be adopted.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, two external fixed blades 5 are arranged in the space formed by the heat transfer body 6 and the jacket 1, the outer peripheral side of the external fixed blade 5 is fixed to the jacket 1, and the inner peripheral side is the heat transfer side. The outer surface of the body 6 is arranged in sliding contact or with a gap of a few millimeters (about 2 mm at the maximum). One or more external fixed blades 5 can be appropriately set. Further, it is desirable to attach a blade 13 made of a material such as Teflon (registered trademark) to the sliding contact portion or the proximity portion of the heat transfer body 6 of the external fixed blade 5.
[0014]
Inside the heat transfer body 6, an internal fixed blade 9 is arranged in a non-rotating state, and this internal fixed blade 9 is of a four-sheet type as shown in the figure. The number of the internal fixed blades 9 can be changed as appropriate. The outer side of the internal fixed blade 9 is configured to be slidably contacted with the inner peripheral surface of the heat transfer body 6 or with a gap of about several millimeters (maximum of about 2 mm) like the external fixed blade 5. It is desirable to attach a blade 14 made of a material such as Teflon to the sliding contact portion or the proximity portion of the heat transfer body 6.
[0015]
The heat transfer body 6 is provided with a heat medium outlet 10a and an inlet 10b through the holders 7a and 7b. After the heat medium flows into the heat transfer body 6 and performs heat exchange, It can flow out from the inside of the heat transfer body 6.
[0016]
The operation of the heat exchanger shown in the figure will be described.
Here, the fluid flowing into the heat transfer body 6 is cooling water, and the fluid flowing into the jacket 1 is steam, and heat exchange is performed between these fluids.
First, cooling water is introduced from the inlet 10 b of the heat transfer body 6, and steam is introduced from the inlet 3 of the jacket 1. Further, the heat transfer body 6 is rotated by driving means such as a motor. In this state, heat exchange is performed between the cooling water and the steam via the heat transfer body 6, and the warm cooling water is discharged to the outside from the outlet 10 a, and the steam is cooled by the heat transfer body 6. Then, some of them become droplets and adhere to the outer surface of the heat transfer body 6. On the heat transfer body 6 side, the inner surface and the outer surface are peeled off by the inner fixed blades 9 and the outer fixed blades 5, so that the efficiency of heat exchange is improved. Then, the droplets adhering to the outer periphery of the heat transfer body 6 are peeled off by the external fixed blade 5, the steam that has flowed into the jacket 1, the steam cooled from the outlet 4 a, and the droplets from the outlet 4 b. And steam are discharged in a mixed state.
[0017]
In the said heat exchanger, since the film formed in the internal peripheral surface and outer peripheral surface of the heat exchanger 6 is always stripped off by the internal fixed blade | wing 9 and the external fixed blade | wing 5, heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
In the above example, the heating medium is cooling water and the fluid is steam, but it is natural that the heating medium can be used in combination with various fluids having temperature differences.
[0018]
FIG. 2 shows the overall heat transfer coefficient U of this heat exchanger. U of double film peeling heat exchanger (2) is the result of installing 4 blades inside the pipe and 2 blades outside the pipe. As a result, U of double film peeling heat exchanger (4) is inside the pipe. This is the result when four blades are installed outside the tube. The figure also shows the U value of the highest performance when the steam side is condensed in drops and the cooling water side has four blades. Two dotted lines are experimental values of the film heat transfer coefficient hw when two blades and four blades are used.
[0019]
An example in which the above heat exchanger is used in an actual system will be described below.
[Example 1]
Heat Exchanger in Ocean Temperature Difference Power Generation As shown in FIG. 3, this heat exchanger is incorporated in a system for rotating a power generation turbine, and two heat exchangers according to the present invention are used. One heat exchanger pumps deep cold ocean water with a pump P and flows it into the heat transfer body 6 of the heat exchanger, and cools and condenses steam from the turbine in the external space of the heat transfer body 6. . The turbine driving fluid condensed in the heat exchanger is vaporized by warm ocean water in the surface layer in the second heat exchanger to drive the turbine. In this example, two heat exchangers are used in the system in order to use the temperature difference between the deep layer and the surface layer of ocean water.
[0020]
[Example 2]
As shown in FIG. 4, this heat exchanger includes an internal fixed blade 9 and an external fixed blade 5, but does not include the jacket 1, and the heat transfer body 6 rotates. It has become. This heat exchanger is configured to supply the cooled pure water into the heat transfer body 6 and exchange heat with the water in the hot drain pool to warm and discharge the pure water.
[0021]
Example 3
Heat recovery from hot waste water As shown in FIG. 5, this heat exchanger supplies pure water cooled in the heat transfer body 6, heat exchanges with the hot waste water from the factory, warms the pure water and discharges it. It has a configuration that can be done.
[0022]
Heat recovery from chimney exhaust [Example 4]
As shown in FIG. 6, this heat exchanger is configured to supply pure water cooled in the heat transfer body 6, exchange heat with exhaust gas from the factory, warm the pure water, and discharge it.
[0023]
As mentioned above, although the example of the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention was demonstrated, said each embodiment is only demonstrated taking the example of the method and apparatus which are the easiest to implement | achieve now. For example, the jacket of the heat exchanger is not necessarily required, and various means can be adopted as the method of driving the heat transfer body. Moreover, the fluid supplied to the inside of the heat transfer body and the outside of the heat transfer body is not limited to the liquid, and may be used in combination of liquid, gas and the like. The heat exchanger can also be used as a heater.
In addition, the present invention can be implemented in any other form without departing from the spirit or main features thereof. Therefore, the above-described embodiment is merely an example in all respects and should not be interpreted in a limited manner.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
(1) The overall heat transfer coefficient can be increased to 4 times the conventional [20000 [W / (m 2 · k)] or more, and the amount of heat transfer can be greatly improved.
(2) Although power for rotating the heat transfer body 6 is required, a total heat transfer coefficient 2.5 times that of the conventional heat transfer coefficient can be obtained at 2000 rpm, so that downsizing is possible.
(3) The amount of cooling water used or the heating fluid used can be greatly reduced.
(4) Heat can be recovered even from a low temperature difference fluid that has not been useful in the prior art, and the heat utilization of the warm wastewater proceeds.
(5) For example, a wide range of uses such as a heat exchanger in ocean temperature difference power generation or a heat recovery device from exhaust gas is developed.
(6) Since heat transfer control with a quick response can be performed, it can also be used for an instantaneous heating apparatus for the purpose of sterilizing foods.
(7) Since the blades peel off the boundary film in the vicinity of the wall of the heat transfer body 6 to prevent the scale from adhering, the cost required for the scale countermeasure is greatly reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to the present invention and a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an overall heat transfer coefficient U of the present heat exchanger.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an application example of a heat exchanger in ocean temperature difference power generation.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of heat recovery from a hot drain pool.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of heat recovery from warm waste water.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of heat recovery from chimney exhaust gas.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Jacket 2a, 2b Closure member 3 Inlet 4a, 4b Outlet 5 Outer fixed blade 6 Heat transfer body 7a, 7b Holder 8 Bearing 9 Inner fixed blade 10a Heat medium outlet 10b Heat medium inlet 11, 12 Shield member 13, 14 Teflon (registered trademark) blade

Claims (5)

熱伝導性の良い材料によって形成された回転体からなる伝熱体と、前記伝熱体を回転駆動する回転駆動手段と、前記伝熱体の内部に配置され前記伝熱体の内周面に近接あるいは摺接して境膜を剥ぎ取る内部固定羽根と、前記伝熱体の外周面に近接あるいは摺接して境膜を剥ぎ取る外部固定羽根とを備え、前記伝熱体の内外に流す温度差のある流体同士の間で前記伝熱体を介して熱交換を行うようにしたことを特徴とする境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器。A heat transfer body made of a rotating body made of a material having good thermal conductivity, a rotation driving means for rotationally driving the heat transfer body, and an inner peripheral surface of the heat transfer body arranged inside the heat transfer body A temperature difference that flows between the inside and outside of the heat transfer body, including an internal fixed blade that peels off the film by approaching or sliding, and an external blade that closes or slides on the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body. A film stripping heat exchanger characterized in that heat exchange is performed between fluids having fluid via the heat transfer body. 熱伝導性の良い材料によって形成された回転体からなる伝熱体と、前記伝熱体を回転駆動する回転駆動手段と、前記伝熱体の周囲に所定のスペースをもって配置したジャケットと、前記伝熱体の内部に配置され前記伝熱体の内周面に近接あるいは摺接して境膜を剥ぎ取る内部固定羽根と、前記ジャケット内に配置され伝熱体の外周面に近接あるいは摺接して境膜を剥ぎ取る外部固定羽根とを備え、前記伝熱体の内外に流す温度差のある流体同士の間で前記伝熱体を介して熱交換を行うようにしたことを特徴とする境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器。A heat transfer body composed of a rotating body formed of a material having good thermal conductivity, a rotation driving means for rotating the heat transfer body, a jacket disposed with a predetermined space around the heat transfer body, and the heat transfer body. An internal fixed vane that is arranged inside the heat body and peels off the boundary film in proximity to or in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the heat transfer body, and a boundary in contact with or close to the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body arranged in the jacket. An outer fixed blade for peeling off the film, and heat exchange is performed between the fluids having a temperature difference flowing inside and outside of the heat transfer body via the heat transfer body. Heat exchanger. 前記内部固定羽根および外部固定羽根の先端にはテフロン羽根が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器。3. The film peeling heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a Teflon blade is provided at a tip of each of the internal fixed blade and the external fixed blade. 前記伝熱体の内外に流す流体は、一方が液体、他方が気体、あるいは両方が液体、あるいは両方が気体のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項３のいずれかに記載の境膜剥ぎ取り熱交換器。The fluid flowing in and out of the heat transfer body is either one of liquid, the other is gas, or both are liquid, or both are gases. Film remover heat exchanger. 熱伝導性の良い材料によって形成された回転体からなる伝熱体を回転させ、伝熱体の内部に流体を、伝熱体の外部に前記流体と温度差の有る流体を流し、伝熱体内部に配置した内部固定羽根によって伝熱体内周面の境膜を剥ぎ取り、さらに伝熱体の外周面に配置した外部固定羽根によって伝熱体外周面の境膜を剥ぎ取りながら、伝熱体の内外に流す温度差のある流体同士の間で伝熱体を介して熱交換を行うようにしたことを特徴とする境膜剥ぎ取り式熱交換方法。A heat transfer body composed of a rotating body formed of a material having good thermal conductivity is rotated, and a fluid flows inside the heat transfer body and a fluid having a temperature difference from the fluid flows outside the heat transfer body. While removing the film on the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body with the internal fixed blade arranged inside, and further peeling off the film on the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body with the outer fixed blade arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body, A film-peeling heat exchange method characterized in that heat exchange is performed between fluids having a temperature difference flowing inside and outside through a heat transfer body.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008111615A (en) * 2006-10-31 2008-05-15 Nippon Pulse Motor Co Ltd Double laminar film stripping heat exchanger device
JP2011080657A (en) * 2009-10-06 2011-04-21 Yoichi Chiba Heat exchange device
JP2014122759A (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-07-03 Chiba Sachiko Liquid cooling device
WO2018034352A1 (en) * 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 国立大学法人東北大学 Latent heat storage device
US20230139960A1 (en) * 2020-03-31 2023-05-04 Tohoku University Rotary heat exchanger

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008111615A (en) * 2006-10-31 2008-05-15 Nippon Pulse Motor Co Ltd Double laminar film stripping heat exchanger device
JP2011080657A (en) * 2009-10-06 2011-04-21 Yoichi Chiba Heat exchange device
JP2014122759A (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-07-03 Chiba Sachiko Liquid cooling device
WO2018034352A1 (en) * 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 国立大学法人東北大学 Latent heat storage device
US20190186844A1 (en) * 2016-08-19 2019-06-20 Tohoku University Latent heat storage device
JPWO2018034352A1 (en) * 2016-08-19 2019-06-20 国立大学法人東北大学 Latent heat storage device
US11060800B2 (en) 2016-08-19 2021-07-13 Tohoku University Latent heat storage device
US20230139960A1 (en) * 2020-03-31 2023-05-04 Tohoku University Rotary heat exchanger

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